Threatened flora of the - Department of Parks and Wildlife · Threatened flora of the ... This book does just that in ... The DRF profiled in this book are distributed in areas

Threatened flora of the

Western Central Wheatbelt

Prepared by Joel Collins

THE

GOVE

RNMEN

TOF

WES

TERN AUS

TRA

LIA

THE

GOVE

RNMEN

TOF

Department ofEnvironment and

Conservation

L

ET

E

G E

N

T EET EET EE

Our environment, our future

Con

tent

s

Fore

wo

rd

7

Intr

od

uct

ion

8

Flo

raco

nse

rvat

ion

ran

kin

gs

11

Spec

ies

nam

eC

om

mo

nn

ame

Fam

ilySt

atu

sPa

ge

Aca

cia

aphy

lla

Leafl

ess

rock

wat

tle

Mim

osac

eae

Vuln

erab

le12

Aca

cia

atax

iphy

lla s

ubsp

.mag

naLa

rge-

frui

ted

Tam

min

wat

tle

Mim

osac

eae

Enda

nger

ed14

Aca

cia

brac

hypo

da

Wes

tern

whe

atbe

lt w

attle

M

imos

acea

eVu

lner

able

16

Aca

cia

caes

aria

taYe

lben

i wat

tle

Mim

osac

eae

Vuln

erab

le18

Aca

cia

chap

man

ii su

bsp.

aust

ralis

Cha

pman

’s w

attle

M

imos

acea

eEn

dang

ered

20

Aca

cia

coch

loca

rpa

subs

p. c

ochl

ocar

pa

Spira

l-fru

ited

wat

tle

Mim

osac

eae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d22

Aca

cia

coch

loca

rpa

subs

p. v

elut

inos

a Ve

lvet

y sp

iral p

od w

attle

M

imos

acea

eC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

24

Aca

cia

dent

icul

osa

Sand

pape

r w

attle

M

imos

acea

eVu

lner

able

26

Aca

cia

phar

angi

tes

Won

gan

gully

wat

tle

Mim

osac

eae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d28

Aca

cia

pygm

aea

Dw

arf

rock

wat

tle

Mim

osac

eae

Enda

nger

ed30

Aca

cia

subfl

exuo

sa s

ubsp

. cap

illat

a H

airy

-ste

mm

ed z

ig-z

ag w

attle

M

imos

acea

eC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

32

Aca

cia

vass

alii

Vass

al’s

wat

tle

Mim

osac

eae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d34

Aca

cia

volu

bilis

Ta

ngle

d w

attle

M

imos

acea

eC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

36

Spec

ies

nam

eC

om

mo

nn

ame

Fam

ilySt

atu

sPa

ge

Allo

casu

arin

a fib

rosa

W

oolly

she

oak

Cas

uarin

acea

eVu

lner

able

38

Bank

sia

cune

ata

Mat

chst

ick

bank

sia

Prot

eace

aeEn

dang

ered

40

Bank

sia

mim

ica

Sum

mer

hon

eypo

tPr

otea

ceae

Vuln

erab

le42

Bank

sia

serr

atul

oide

s su

bsp.

ser

ratu

loid

esSo

uthe

rn s

erra

te b

anks

iaPr

otea

ceae

Vuln

erab

le44

Cal

aden

ia d

rake

oide

s H

inge

d dr

agon

orc

hid

Orc

hida

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d46

Cal

ecta

sia

pign

attia

na

Stilt

ed t

inse

l flow

erD

asyp

ogon

acea

eVu

lner

able

48

Con

ospe

rmum

den

siflo

rum

sub

sp.u

nice

phal

atum

One

-hea

ded

smok

ebus

hPr

otea

ceae

Enda

nger

ed50

Con

osty

lis w

onga

nens

is

Won

gan

cono

styl

isH

aem

odor

acea

eEn

dang

ered

52

Cyp

hant

hera

odg

ersi

i sub

sp.o

ccid

enta

lisW

este

rn w

oolly

cyp

hant

hera

Sola

nace

aeC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

54

Dar

win

ia a

cero

sa

Fine

-leav

ed d

arw

inia

Myr

tace

aeEn

dang

ered

56

Dar

win

ia c

arne

a M

ogum

ber

bell

Myr

tace

aeC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

58

Dav

iesi

a cu

nder

din

Cun

derd

in d

avie

sia

Papi

liona

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d60

Dav

iesi

a di

elsi

i D

iels

’ dav

iesi

aPa

pilio

nace

aeEn

dang

ered

62

Dav

iesi

a eu

phor

bioi

des

Won

gan

cact

usPa

pilio

nace

aeC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

64

Eleo

char

is k

eigh

eryi

K

eigh

ery’

s el

eoch

aris

Cyp

erac

eae

Vuln

erab

le66

Erem

ophi

la p

inna

tifida

Pi

nnat

e-le

af e

rem

ophi

laM

yopo

race

aeC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

68

Erem

ophi

la r

esin

osa

Resi

nous

ere

mop

hila

Myo

pora

ceae

Enda

nger

ed70

4 Con

tent

s

Spec

ies

nam

eC

om

mo

nn

ame

Fam

ilySt

atu

sPa

ge

Erem

ophi

la t

erni

folia

W

onga

n er

emop

hila

Myo

pora

ceae

Vuln

erab

le72

Erem

ophi

la v

erni

cosa

Re

sino

us p

over

ty b

ush

Myo

pora

ceae

Vuln

erab

le74

Erem

ophi

la v

isci

da

Varn

ish

bush

Myo

pora

ceae

Enda

nger

ed76

Euca

lypt

us p

ruin

iram

is

Mid

land

s gu

mM

yrta

ceae

Enda

nger

ed78

Euca

lypt

us r

ecta

W

onga

n m

alle

tM

yrta

ceae

Vuln

erab

le80

Euca

lypt

us s

ynan

dra

Jingy

mia

mal

lee

Myr

tace

aeVu

lner

able

82

Fran

keni

a co

nfer

ta

Silk

y fr

anke

nia

Fran

keni

acea

eVu

lner

able

84

Fran

keni

a pa

rvul

a Sh

ort-

leav

ed f

rank

enia

Fran

keni

acea

eEn

dang

ered

86

Gas

trol

obiu

m g

lauc

um

Spik

e po

ison

Papi

liona

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d88

Gas

trol

obiu

m h

amul

osum

H

ook-

poin

t po

ison

Papi

liona

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d90

Gly

ceria

dru

mm

ondi

i N

ange

tty

gras

sPo

acea

eEn

dang

ered

92

Goo

deni

a ar

thro

tric

haG

oode

niac

eae

Enda

nger

ed94

Gre

ville

a br

acte

osa

subs

p.br

acte

osa

Brac

ted

grev

illea

Prot

eace

aeEn

dang

ered

96

Gre

ville

a ch

ristin

eae

Chr

istin

e’s

grev

illea

Prot

eace

aeEn

dang

ered

98

Gre

ville

a dr

yand

roid

es s

ubsp

. dry

andr

oide

s Ph

alan

x gr

evill

eaPr

otea

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d10

0

Gre

ville

a dr

yand

roid

es s

ubsp

.hirs

uta

Hai

ry p

hala

nx g

revi

llea

Prot

eace

aeVu

lner

able

102

Gre

ville

a py

thar

a Py

thar

a gr

evill

eaPr

otea

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d10

4

5

Spec

ies

nam

eC

om

mo

nn

ame

Fam

ilySt

atu

sPa

ge

Gui

chen

otia

seo

rsifl

ora

Ster

culia

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d10

6

Gyr

oste

mon

ret

icul

atus

N

et-v

eine

d gy

rost

emon

Gyr

oste

mon

acea

eC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

108

Hak

ea a

cule

ata

Col

umn

hake

aPr

otea

ceae

Enda

nger

ed11

0

Hal

orag

is p

laty

carp

a Br

oad-

frui

ted

halo

ragi

sH

alor

agac

eae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d11

2

Hem

iand

ra r

utila

nsC

olou

rful

sna

kebu

shLa

mia

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d11

4

Jack

soni

a pu

ngen

s Pu

ngen

t ja

ckso

nia

Papi

liona

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d11

6

Jack

soni

a qu

aira

ding

Q

uaira

ding

stin

kwoo

dPa

pilio

nace

aeEn

dang

ered

118

Lech

enau

ltia

laric

ina

Scar

let

lesc

hena

ultia

Goo

deni

acea

eVu

lner

able

120

Lysi

osep

alum

abo

llatu

m

Woo

lly ly

sios

epal

umSt

ercu

liace

aeC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

122

Mel

aleu

ca s

ciot

osty

la

Won

gan

mel

aleu

caM

yrta

ceae

Enda

nger

ed12

4

Mic

roco

rys

erem

ophi

loid

es

Won

gan

mic

roco

rys

Lam

iace

aeVu

lner

able

126

Philo

thec

a w

onga

nens

is

Won

gan

philo

thec

aRu

tace

aeEn

dang

ered

128

Pity

rodi

a ax

illar

is

Nat

ive

foxg

love

Lam

iace

aeC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

130

Pity

rodi

a sc

abra

W

yalk

atch

em f

oxgl

ove

Lam

iace

aeC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

132

Ptilo

tus

fasc

icul

atus

Fi

tzge

rald

’s m

ulla

-mul

laA

mar

anth

acea

eEn

dang

ered

134

Rhag

odia

aci

cula

ris

Won

gan

rhag

odia

Che

nopo

diac

eae

Vuln

erab

le13

6

Royc

ea p

ycno

phyl

loid

es

Saltm

atC

heno

podi

acea

eVu

lner

able

138

6 Con

tent

s

Spec

ies

nam

eC

om

mo

nn

ame

Fam

ilySt

atu

sPa

ge

Spiro

gard

nera

rub

esce

ns

Spira

l bus

hSa

ntal

acea

eEn

dang

ered

140

Styl

idiu

m c

oron

iform

e su

bsp.

cor

onifo

rme

Won

gan

trig

gerp

lant

Styl

idia

ceae

Enda

nger

ed14

2

Thom

asia

gla

brip

etal

a Sa

ndpl

ain

thom

asia

Ster

culia

ceae

Vuln

erab

le14

4

Thom

asia

mon

tana

H

ill t

hom

asia

Ster

culia

ceae

Vuln

erab

le14

6

Thom

asia

sp

Gre

en H

ills

(S. P

aust

132

2)

Gre

en h

ill t

hom

asia

Ster

culia

ceae

Crit

ical

ly E

ndan

gere

d14

8

Vert

icor

dia

hugh

anii

Hug

han’

s fe

athe

rflow

erM

yrta

ceae

Enda

nger

ed15

0

Vert

icor

dia

stam

inos

a su

bsp.

sta

min

osa

Won

gan

feat

herfl

ower

Myr

tace

aeC

ritic

ally

End

ange

red

152

Glo

ssar

y15

4

Bib

liog

rap

hy

157

7

Foreword

The South West Botanical Province of Western Australia is internationally renowned as an area of high biodiversity significance. This is rightly so, as it is not only rich in its floral diversity with some 5,710 native plant species found there, but more than 70 per cent of the species are also endemic – that is they occur nowhere else in the world.

Many of the plants found in this area are narrowly distributed, sometimes in very small localised populations. This makes them particularly vulnerable to land clearance and other threatening processes, and has resulted in a number of species being placed under significant threat of future extinction. In the Western Australian wheatbelt, for instance, about 90 per cent of natural vegetation has been cleared for agriculture leaving much of the remaining vegetation surviving in often small fragmented remnants – roadsides, small reserves and private property. Plants surviving in these areas are further threatened by salinity, erosion, fire, additional habitat loss and invasion of exotic weeds. A recent biological survey of the Western Australian Agricultural Zone (which includes the wheatbelt) revealed that approximately 450 plant species are at risk of extinction.

A key factor in the development of public opinion and the design of effective management schemes to conserve and protect these threatened species lies in the production of accurate information to tell the story. What is threatened? Where is it found? This book does just that in providing much-needed biological and ecological information on each of the 70 threatened flora species found in the Western Central Wheatbelt.

The book should assist greatly in the identification of these plants when they are encountered in the field. I can see that it would be used by a great variety of people – managers, landowners, conservation biologists, students and interested members of the public. The book will assist in the conservation and management of existing populations and may result in the discovery of new populations of these highly threatened plants.

I congratulate the authors on their achievement and hope that you, the reader, find the book to be a valuable reference in the discovery, identification and management of these rare plant species.

Andrew Brown

Coordinator-Threatened Flora

Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia

8

Introduction

This book serves as a field guide to the 70 plant species currently listed as declared rare flora (DRF) within the Western Central Wheatbelt region. The area covered in this book includes the shires of Cunderdin, Tammin, Dowerin, Wyalkatchem, Goomalling, Wongan-Ballidu, Victoria Plains, Dalwallinu, Koorda, Quairading and parts of the shires of Northam, York and Beverley, an area of approximately 2.9 million hectares. This area is botanically rich and has a high level of endemic species, highlighted with 29 DRF species (or 41 per cent) of the 70 species covered in this book being only found in this region.

While the Western Australian wheatbelt is renowned for its prosperous agricultural sector, it’s the remaining natural vegetation that has helped place the State’s south-west on the global stage for biodiversity significance. This recognition is partially due to the exceptionally high concentration of endemic species, many of which are under significant threat of future extinction. The most threatened of these species are offered special legislative protection as DRF and, according to their rarity in the wild and associated level of threats, are ranked as Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable or Presumed Extinct.

Information presented in this book is designed to improve the identification, knowledge, understanding and long-term protection and conservation of rare flora in the Western Central Wheatbelt. Each species profile includes images of herbarium specimens lodged at the Western Australian Herbarium, photographs of flowers and plants in their natural habitat, plant descriptions which include key physical characteristics that

will assist in identification, species habitat, distribution, flowering and seed maturity information and how to distinguish from similar species.

Species distributions are described in reference to IBRA (Interim Bioregionalisation of Australia) regions. These regions share similar geology, landform, vegetation and climate characteristics and influence the distribution of flora species. The Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region dominates the area covered in this book; however, many species are distributed across several IBRA regions.

The DRF profiled in this book are distributed in areas of remnant natural vegetation across the highly modified agricultural zone. Within this zone, vegetation has been extensively cleared and is now highly fragmented with poor connectivity between remnants. For example 83.5 per cent of the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region has now been cleared for agriculture (Shepherd et al. 2002). These factors, along with rising salinity, altered hydrology, weed competition, accidental human destruction, grazing, fungal pathogens (dieback) and competing land-uses, have threatened the long-term survival of many DRF. Altered fire regimes also pose a threat to many of these species as infrequent fires impair their ability to regenerate and overly frequent fires kill plants before they reach maturity and are able to set seed. To counteract these threats a suite of recovery actions are implemented by the Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC), in conjunction with the wider community. Recovery actions include monitoring of known populations, surveys for new populations, weed and

9

Figure 1: IBRA regions relevant to the south-west of Western Australia, showing the Declared Rare Flora study area

pest control, seed collection, recruitment burns, translocations, fencing, habitat restoration, education and publicity and regional herbarium activities.

To achieve these recovery actions DEC coordinates Rare Flora and Communities Recovery Teams. The recovery teams meet biannually and are made up of a number of key stakeholders including community groups, landholders, DEC volunteers,

10

Natural Resource Management officers, Catchment Councils, Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority, representatives from Main Roads, WestNet Rail, Water Corporation, local government authorities and interested community members. The recovery team provides opportunity for members to discuss DRF management issues, provide advice, share local knowledge and generally become more involved in rare flora conservation. Several community groups and DEC volunteers are regularly involved in rare flora conservation work, which includes conducting surveys and reporting new populations of threatened flora. Groups such as the Wongan-Ballidu Bushcare Group, Wildflower Society of Western Australia (Avon Branch) and the York River Conservation Society are actively involved in the Rare Flora Recovery Team. This involvement, for example, has seen the Wongan-Ballidu Bushcare Group recently develop a Regional Herbarium, which houses specimens collected in the Wongan Hills region. Duplicate specimens from Wongan Hills are also lodged at the Regional Herbarium at the DEC Northam office. This valuable partnership has been critical in the process of building the botanical knowledge of the region.

The Avon Catchment Council (ACC), through support from the Government of Australia and the Western Australian Government, has provided funding for this publication, which forms part of the project ‘Back from the Edge: Saving Native Species Most at Risk’. This program is aimed at developing a strategic approach for managing threatened species and communities and to carry out urgent recovery actions within the Avon River Basin. The Back from the Edge program is funded with investment from the State and Australian governments through the National Heritage Trust and National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality. A core objective of the ACC’s Back from the Edge program is to engage local communities in the effective implementation of recovery actions for threatened flora conservation projects.

Further information on threatened and poorly known flora species in the wheatbelt can be sought in other recent publications, which include ‘Threatened, poorly known and other flora of Wongan-Ballidu’ and ‘Threatened and poorly known flora of the Yilgarn Region’.

Introduction

Under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, the Minister for the Environment may declare species of flora as ‘rare flora’ if they are considered to be in danger of extinction, rare or otherwise in need of special protection. Such species are listed as declared rare flora but are also commonly referred to as threatened flora. These species receive special management attention (Florabase 2009). Nominations for listing as declared rare flora are submitted to and are reviewed by the Western Australian Threatened Species Scientific Committee, which is appointed by the Minister for the Environment with administrative support provided by the Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC). To achieve declared rare flora status it must be proven to the committee that the species has been adequately surveyed over a number of flowering seasons and in the wild is either extinct, i.e., there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died, or meets criteria for listing as threatened in the current version of IUCN Red List Categories (prepared by the International Union of Conservation of Nature Species Survival Commission). Any person may nominate a species for listing, de-listing or a change of list category. Once reviewed by the committee, recommendations are submitted to the Minister for the Environment for consideration and adoption.

The IUCN Red List for threatened species has adopted a system of defining conservation categories for flora and fauna according to their specific level of risk. Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia is ranked into threat categories using IUCN criteria. These categories are as follows:

Presumed Extinct (X)A species is presumed extinct when exhaustive surveys in known and or expected habitat, at appropriate times, throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the species’ life cycle and life form.

Critically Endangered (CR)When a plant is considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

Endangered (EN)When a plant is considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.

Vulnerable (VU)When a plant is considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.

If you think you have seen any of these plants in this publication or would like further information, please call DEC Northam Office on (08) 9622 8940.

Flora conservation rankings used in this book

11

12

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek a (without) and phyllon (leaf), referring to the absence of leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bruce Maslin in 1971 from specimens he collected from the Helena River Valley near Mundaring in August 1970.

DescriptionHabit: Erect intricately branched pungent shrub to 2 m high.

Stems: Bluish-grey, round in cross-section, hairless with ribs few and obscure.

Leaves: Reduced to small deciduous scales found along the stems.

Flowers: Bright yellow globe-shaped flowers are 6 to 7 mm in diameter and solitary at each node. The hairless flower stalks are 7 to 10 mm long.

Fruit: Purplish-grey pods are linear, 3 to 9 cm long and 3 to 4 mm wide. Seeds are black and shiny, oblong and 4 to 4.5 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Mundaring and Northam areas in the Avon-Wheatbelt, Jarrah Forest and Swan Coastal Plain IBRA regions. It grows in brown sandy loam on granite outcrops, sometimes in rock crevices on sheet granite, with fringing woodland and shrubland with Eucalyptuswandoo, E. marginata, Corymbia calophylla, Allocasuarina huegeliana, Acacia acuminata, A. lasiocalyx, Banksia sessilisand Borya nitens.

Flowering periodJuly to October.

Seed maturityNovember to December.

Similar speciesAcacia wiseana is superficially similar in appearance but has green branchlets that are ribbed and larger pods (6 to 12 mm wide).

Leafless rock wattleAcacia aphyllaFamily: Mimosaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

13

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit and seed, D - Flower, E - Flower and leaf

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rd

A

2 cm WA

Her

bariu

m

14

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek ataxia (disorder, confusion) and phyllon (leaf), referring to the disordered way in which the phyllodes are displayed and from the Latin magnus(large), referring to the larger flower heads of this subspecies.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bruce Maslin from specimens collected south of Tammin by Ray Cranfield in 1980.

DescriptionHabit: Low spreading shrub to approximately 0.3 m high.

Stems: Ascending to erect stems are flattened or angled at their extremities and covered in matted hairs.

Leaves: Phyllodes are somewhat coarse, mostly 4 to 6 cm long, occasionally 2 to 3 cm long and 1.6 to 2 mm wide.

Flowers: Yellow flowers are 7 to 9 mm in diameter, globe-shaped on hairy stalks 4 to 7 mm long.

Fruit: Reddish-brown pods are narrowly oblong, curved with longitudinal lines or channels on the surface. The pods are also covered in stiff hairs.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Goomalling, Dowerin, Cunderdin and Tammin areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in brown or grey sandy loam over laterite or in yellow sand in woodland, mallee, mixed shrubland and heath with Eucalyptus macrocarpa, E. pyriformis, Banksia prionotes, Actinostrobus arenarius, Xylomelum angustifolium, Allocasuarina campestris and Leptospermum erubescens.

Flowering periodJune to July.

Seed maturityNovember.

Similar speciesAcacia ataxiphylla subsp. ataxiphylla, is superficially similar in appearance but has smaller flowers about 5 mm across, long slender flower stalks about 8 to 12 mm long and a summer flowering period. Some forms of Acacia stenoptera are also similar.

Large-fruited Tammin wattleAcacia ataxiphylla subsp. magna Family: Mimosaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

15

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm WA

Her

bariu

m

16

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek brachys (short) and podos (foot), referring to the very short inflorescence stalks.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bruce Maslin in 1990 from specimens he collected north of Brookton in 1976.

DescriptionHabit: Dense rounded resinous shrub to 1.5 to 3 m high.

Stems: Hairless stems contain broad flat yellow or green longitudinal bands between narrower, brownish, resinous ribs at the ends.

Leaves: Phyllodes are smooth, 2 to 5 cm long and 7 to 14 mm wide, circular to flat in cross-section and straight to slightly incurved. When flat, the phyllodes have 1 nerve on each face. New shoots are resinous.

Flowers: Golden flower heads are globe-shaped; arranged 2 per axil and are resinous. Flower stalks are 2 to 3mm long

Fruit: Pods are curved and/or wavy to coiled and are 7 to 8 mm wide. Pods are resinous, thinly leathery and hairless. Seeds are oblong and 4 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Beverley and York areas, with a disjunct population near Katanning, in the Avon Wheatbelt and Jarrah Forest IBRA regions. It grows in grey or brown sandy clay near seasonal flooded

areas and slightly saline flats in woodland and shrubland with Eucalyptus wandoo, E. loxophleba subsp. loxophleba, E. astringens, Casuarina obesa, Allocasuarina huegeliana, Callistemon phoeniceus, Acacia acuminata, A. leptospermoides, Hakea marginata, H. varia and Melaleuca lateriflora.

Flowering periodMay to July.


Similar speciesSome other members of the Acaciawilhelmiana group are similar in appearance but have longer flower stalks and multi-flowered heads.

Western wheatbelt wattleAcacia brachypodaFamily: Mimosaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

17

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit and seed, D - Flower, E - Habit

B

E

C

D

Lorr

aine

Duf

fy

Lorr

aine

Duf

fyJo

el C

ollin

sTh

reat

ened

Flo

ra S

eed

Cen

tre

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

mJMC132

18

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin caesariatus, (with long hair; covered with hair) referring to the covering of matted hairs on the stems and leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Richard Cowan and Bruce Maslin in 1990 from specimens collected between Kununoppin and Wyalkatchem by Bruce Maslin in 1973.

DescriptionHabit: Flat-topped or rounded, dense spreading shrub to 0.6 to 1.3 m high.

Stems: Slightly ribbed and covered in matted hairs. Stipules are 1.5 to 4 mm long and persistent. New shoots are covered in densely matted white hairs.

Leaves: Sharply pointed phyllodes are dull green to grey-green, 2 to 4.5 cm long and 2 to 8 (-10) mm wide, narrowly lance-shaped to straight or shallowly incurved. Covered in matted hairs, the phyllodes have 3 to 5 longitudinal veins on each face. A narrow-phyllode variant occurs with phyllodes 2 to 3 mm wide.

Flowers: Light golden flower heads are globular, 2 mm in diameter and arranged 2 per axil. Flower stems are mostly 2 to 4 mm long and covered in matted hairs.

Fruit: Pods are irregularly curved, wavy or coiled to 2.5 cm long and 2 to 3 mm wide. Pods have a paper-like texture and have dense covering of short stiff hairs. Glossy black seeds are longitudinal, oval, elliptic or oblong in shape and 2.5 to 3 mm long and 2 to 3 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Kununoppin and Bungulla area, with early collections made near Corrigin and Lake Grace in the Avon Wheatbelt and Mallee IBRA regions. It grows in white or brown gritty loam or clay in woodland and mallee with Eucalyptuserythronema, E. loxophleba, Acacia mackeyana and Melaleuca coronicarpa.

Flowering periodAugust to September.


Similar speciesAcacia torticarpa is similar in appearance but has 6 raised nerves and flower stalks that are absent or very short. Acacia consobrina is also similar but has phyllodes with numerous net-like veins between the nerves. Acacia sclerophylla var. pilosa is similar to the narrow phyllode variant of A. caesariata but has sparse hairs on the new shoots, phyllodes 1 to 2 mm wide and stipules 0.5 to 1 mm long.

Yelbeni wattleAcacia caesariataFamily: Mimosaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

19

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit, seed and leaf, D - Habitat, E - Habit

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Nia

ll Sh

eehy

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC491

20

Derivation of nameNamed in honour of Charles Chapman, who first collected the species, and the Latin australis (southern), referring to the southern distribution of this subspecies.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Richard Cowan and Bruce Maslin in 1999 from specimens collected north of Wyening by Herbert Demarz in 1972.

DescriptionHabit: Dense intricately branched pungent shrub to 0.5 to 2 m high.

Stems: Hairless stems contain narrow non-rigid stipules ± 1 mm long and glands 4 to 9 mm above the phyllode base.

Leaves: Sharply pointed phyllodes are green to greyish-green 2 to 3 (-5) cm long and 0.7 to 1 mm in diameter, erect, circular to flat in cross-section and shallowly recurved. Phyllodes have 8 distant raised nerves altogether, 3-nerved when flat.

Flowers: Golden flower heads are globular, 4 to 5 mm in diameter; 24 to 27 flowered and arranged 1 per axil. Hairless flower stems are mostly 10 to 15 mm long.

Fruit: Pods are up to 40 mm long and 2.5 to 3 mm wide, coiled and hairless.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Bolgart and Wyening areas in the Avon Wheatbelt and Jarrah Forest IBRA regions. It grows in brown, grey or yellow sand or sandy gravel in woodland and shrubland with Corymbia calophylla, Eucalyptus wandoo, Xanthorrhoea preissii, Banksia armata, Leptospermum erubescens and Santalum acuminatum.

Flowering periodJuly to September.


Similar speciesAcacia chapmanii subsp. chapmanii, is superficially similar in appearance but has sharply pointed stipules and straight phyllodes that are widely spreading to downwards-facing and circular in cross-section. Acacia campylophylla is also similar but has generally shorter, strongly recurved phyllodes and straight broad pods.

Chapman’s wattleAcacia chapmanii subsp. australis Family: Mimosaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

21

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D & E - Habit

B

E

C

D

Jean

Hor

t

Jean

Hor

tJe

an H

ort

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

22

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin cochlos (a shell-fish with a spiral shell) and carpa (fruit), referring to the tightly spiralled pods.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Carl Meissner in 1855 from specimens collected between the Moore and Murchison rivers by James Drummond.

DescriptionHabit: Low semi-prostrate spreading shrub to 0.7 m high.

Stems: Slightly zigzagging, hairless with non-persistent stipules.

Leaves: Incurved phyllodes are (3) 4 to 7.5 cm long and 4 to 6 mm wide, hairless with an acute apex. Phyllodes have 5 to 7 nerves per face with the central nerve an equal distance from the margins.

Flowers: Golden flower heads are obloid to short-cylindrical, 7 to 10 mm long when dry, 2 per axil and are without stalks.

Fruit: Pods are hairless, 3 to 4 mm wide and tightly spiralled. Seeds are round to oblong, 1.5 to 2.5 mm long, glossy and mottled.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Watheroo area with a disjunct population north of Goomalling in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplains IBRA regions. An early collection has also been made west of Moora. It grows in brown sand or

sandy-clay over laterite in shrubland and heath with Allocasuarina campestris, Acacia acuminata, Gastrolobium appressum (DRF),Gastrolobium hamulosum (DRF), Hakea sp., Melaleuca sp. and Borya sp.

Flowering periodJune to August.


Similar speciesAcacia cochlocarpa subsp. velutinosa is superficially similar in appearance but has phyllodes that are generally less than 40 mm long, hairy stems, phyllodes and pods and almost globular flower heads. Acaciatetraneura and A. lirellata are also similar but have narrower phyllodes with generally fewer nerves.

Spiral-fruited wattleAcacia cochlocarpa subsp. cochlocarpa Family: Mimosaceae

Status: Critically Endangered

Distribution map

23

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit, D - Habit and habitat, E - Flower and leaf

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rdA

ndre

w C

raw

ford

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC267

24

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin velutum (velvet) and osa (abounding in), referring to the velvety-like hairs on the phyllodes, branchlets and pods.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bruce Maslin and Alex Chapman in 1999 from specimens collected in the Manmanning area by A.S. George in November 1974.

DescriptionHabit: Low semi-prostate spreading shrub to 0.3 to 0.6 m high.

Stems: Slightly zigzagging and covered in short stiff hairs with persistent stipules.

Leaves: Incurved phyllodes are 2.5 to 4 cm long and 3 to 5 mm wide, usually hairy on nerves, with an obtuse apex. Phyllodes have 3 to 5 (7) nerves with the central nerve slightly closer to the upper margin.

Flowers: Golden flower heads are almost globular, 5 to 7 mm long when dry, 2 per axil and are without stalks.

Fruit: Velvety pods are tightly coiled, 3 to 4 mm wide. Seeds are round to oblong, 1.5 to 2.5 mm long, glossy and mottled.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Manmanning and Ejanding area, north of Dowerin in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in white or grey sandy clay over laterite, in shrubland and heath with Allocasuarinacampestris, Grevillea hookeriana, Ecdeiocolea monostachya, Astroloma serratifolium, Gastrolobium calycinum andBorya sp.


Seed maturityOctober to November.

Similar speciesThe typical subspecies, Acacia cochlocarpa subsp. cochlocarpa, is superficially similar in appearance but has phyllodes that are generally greater than 4 cm long, hairless branchlets, pods and phyllodes and flower heads obloid to short-cylindrical. Acacialirellata subsp. compressa is also similar but has non-coiled hairless pods, hairless branchlets and narrower hairless phyllodes.

Velvety spiral pod wattle Acacia cochlocarpa subsp. velutinosa Family: Mimosaceae


Distribution map

25

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

26

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin denticulus (small tooth) and osus (abounding in), referring to the small teeth-like spines along theleaf margins.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1876 from specimens collected near Mount Churchman, north of Beacon by J. Young.

DescriptionHabit: Open erect shrub 1 to 4 m high.

Stems: Dark reddish bark is warty with new shoots resinous.

Leaves: Dark green phyllodes are round to oval, wavy, 5 to 9 cm long and 3.5 to 7.5 mm wide with a tough sandpaper-like feel. Each has 3 to 4 prominent, curved, longitudinal, yellowish nerves, net-like veins and prominent spines along the phyllode margins.

Flowers: Dense golden flower spikes are 2.5 to 8 cm long and 6 to 8 mm in diameter. Stout warty flower stalks are resinous and 3 to 7 mm long.

Fruit: Light brown pods are linear, wrinkled, up to 7.5 cm long and 3 to 4.5 mm wide and hairless. Glossy brown-black oval seeds are 3.5 to 4 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Beacon, Mukinbudin and Wongan Hills areas, with an early collection from near Nungarin in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region and extending into the Coolgardie IBRA region. It grows in shallow brown sandy loam over granite, sometimes on granite outcrops and rocky slopes, in shrubland with Allocasuarinacampestris, A. acutivalvis, Acacia lasiocalyx, Exocarpos aphyllus, Kunzea pulchella, Calothamnus asper, Melaleuca radula andBorya sp.

Flowering periodSeptember to October.


Similar speciesUnknown.

Sandpaper wattleAcacia denticulosa Family: Mimosaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

27

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Habitat, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Chr

is P

hoeb

e

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Bro

wn

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC534

28

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek pharagx (ravine or gully) and ites (connected with or belonging to), referring to the species gully habitat.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bruce Maslin in 1982 from specimens he collected near Wongan Hills in 1976.

DescriptionHabit: Spindly open shrub 3 to 4 m high.

Stems: Extremities have a whitish-blue sheen, hairless. Older stems are pockmarked with scars of phyllodes that have died and fallen off.

Leaves: Greyish-green phyllodes are circular in cross-section, straight to shallowly curved, 1.5 to 4 cm long and 1 mm wide. Phyllodes are hairless, smooth, have 7 nerves and end in a sharp point. Phyllodes are concentrated toward the end of branches.

Flowers: Golden flower heads are oblong and 7 to 10 mm long. Flower stalks are hairless and up to 10 mm long.

Fruit: Pods are whitish-blue, linear, wrinkled and up to 7 cm long and up to 4 cm wide. Glossy black longitudinal to round seeds are 3 to 4 mm long.

Distribution and habitatConfined to near Wongan Hills in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in red-brown clay with rocky greenstone and laterite, on breakaways and lower slopes of gullies in shrubland with Allocasuarinacampestris, A. acutivalvis, Calothamnus asper, Petrophile shuttleworthiana andMelaleuca radula.



Similar speciesAcacia tetanophylla is superficially similar in appearance but has non-racemose inflorescences, globular heads and much smaller bracteoles.

Wongan gully wattleAcacia pharangites Family: Mimosaceae


Distribution map

29

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit and seed, D - Flower, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Thre

aten

ed F

lora

See

d C

entr

e

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

30

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek pygmaeus (dwarf), referring to the diminutive habit of the mature plant.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bruce Maslin in 1995 from specimens collected near Wongan Hills by Kevin Kenneally in October 1980.

DescriptionHabit: Low dwarf shrub 0.3 to 0.5 m high.

Stems: Prominently ribbed with stipules shallowly triangular to 0.5 mm long.

Leaves: Green phyllodes are 2 to 3 cm long and 9 to 13 mm wide, 1-nerved or imperfectly 2-nerved with pale red marginal nerves turning yellow with age.

Flowers: White flower heads are globular, mostly 1-per axil, on flower stalks 4 to 7 mm long.

Fruit: Narrow oblong seed pods are up to 3 cm long and 3 to 4 mm wide with thick margins. Shiny dark brown seeds are longitudinal to oval in shape and 4 to 5 mm long.

Distribution and habitatConfined to the Wongan Hills area in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in red-brown sandy clay on laterite ridges and breakaways in mallee and shrubland with Eucalyptus ebbanoensis, Allocasuarina campestris, Banksia comosa, B. wonganensis, Santalum acuminatum, Microcorys eremophiloides (DRF) andPetrophile shuttleworthiana.

Flowering periodOctober to March.

Seed maturityNovember to April.

Similar speciesAcacia disticha is similar in appearance but has longer flower stalks (7 to 11 mm) and flattened stems. Acacia obovata and A. nervosa are also similar.

Dwarf rock wattleAcacia pygmaea Family: Mimosaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

31

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Fruit, C - Flower and leaf, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC442

32

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin sub (somewhat) and flexuosus (zigzag stem, changing direction at the nodes) and capillus (hair), referring to the slightly zigzag stems that are covered in dense hairs.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Richard Cowan and Bruce Maslin in 1999 from specimens collected south of Cunderdin by Basil Smith in 1982.

DescriptionHabit: Rounded shrub 0.25 to 1 m high.

Stems: Covered in dense spreading short hairs and slightly zigzagging.

Leaves: Phyllodes are 3 to 7 cm long and 1 to 1.5 mm wide, circular in cross-section, shallowly to strongly curved with a sharply pointed curved tip. Each phyllode has about 8 nerves with sparse to moderately dense spreading hairs.

Flowers: Golden flower heads are globular, 3.5 to 4 mm in diameter, 2 per axil, on stalks 3 to 6 mm long. Flower stalks are covered in dense spreading short hairs.

Fruit: Pods are linear, slightly curved to 8 cm long and 2 to 2.5 mm wide. Dull brown seeds are longitudinal to round in shape and 2.5 mm long.

Distribution and habitatKnown only from a single population south of Cunderdin in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey, yellow or brown sand over laterite in shrubland and heath withAllocasuarina campestris, Leptospermum erubescens, Eremaea pauciflora, Calothamnus quadrifidus, Gastrolobium calycinum andHakea incrassata.

Flowering periodJuly to August.


Similar speciesAcacia subflexuosa subsp. subflexuosa, is superficially similar in appearance but has branchlets and flower stalks covered with sparse small hairs and hairless phyllodes except at the base. Acacia leptoneura is also similar but has twice as many phyllode nerves.

Hairy-stemmed zig-zag wattleAcacia subflexuosa subsp. capillata Family: Mimosaceae


Distribution map

33

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit and seed, D - Flower and leaf, E - Habit

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Thre

aten

ed F

lora

See

d C

entr

e

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

34

Derivation of nameNamed in honour of Jacques Vassal, a contemporary French botanist who studied the genus Acacia.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bruce Maslin in 1978 from specimens collected near Wongan Hills by Ernest Ising in August 1935.

DescriptionHabit: Spreading shrub to 0.6 m high.

Stems: Covered in short stiff hairs, stipules persistent 1 to 2 mm long.

Leaves: Dark green phyllodes are 4 to 8 mm long and 1 mm wide, slightly horizontally flattened, narrowed at the base with hooked tips.

Flowers: Light golden flower heads are globular, 3 to 4 mm in diameter, 1 per axil, hairless flower stalks are 3 to 5 mm long.

Fruit: Pods are linear, openly curved or twisted, up to 2 cm long and 1 to 1.5 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Watheroo, Moora and Wongan Hills areas in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplains IBRA regions. It grows in brown or grey sand over laterite or yellow sand in woodland, mallee, shrubland and heath with Eucalyptus pyriformis, Xylomelum angustifolium, Allocasuarina campestris, Actinostrobus arenarius, Leptospermum erubescens andBanksia fraseri.



Similar speciesAcacia ericifolia and A. leptospermoides are similar in appearance but have phyllode tips that are obtuse to barely acute. Acacia brachyphylla is also similar but lacks phyllodes with 6 strongly raised nerves.

Vassal’s wattleAcacia vassalii Family: Mimosaceae


Distribution map

35

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Habitat, E - Habit

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

36

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin volubilis (twining), referring to the twisted habit of the stems.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1876 from specimens collected near Quairading by Julia Wells.

DescriptionHabit: Dense compact tangled shrub to 0.3 to 0.5 m high.

Stems: Twisted, round in cross-section, light green with parallel ridges running their length. Stipules are 0.5 to 1 mm long and recurved.

Leaves: Light green phyllodes are straight to shallowly curved, 9 mm long and 1 mm wide, few and widely separated with a pungent tip. Each phyllode is 5-nerved in all with a prominent midrib.

Flowers: Bright light golden flower heads are globular, up to 8 mm in diameter and are found on flower stalks 0 to 4 mm long.

Fruit: Not recorded.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Cunderdin and Quairading areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey or brown sand over laterite in shrubland and heath with Allocasuarina campestris, Leptospermum erubescens, Banksia vestita, Actinostrobus arenarius and Daviesia cunderdin (DRF).



Similar speciesAcacia aemula is similar in appearance but has non-twisted and curled branches and longer phyllodes and flower stalks. Acacia carens and A. cummingiana are also similar.

Tangled wattleAcacia volubilisFamily: Mimosaceae


Distribution map

37

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower, D - Habitat, E - Habit

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

38

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin fibra (fibre, filament) and osus (abounding in), referring to the cones that are covered in course hairs.

Authority and type collectionNamed as a species of Casuarina by Charles Gardner in 1927 from specimens he collected near Tammin in September 1926.

DescriptionHabit: Erect densely branched shrub to 0.5 to 1.8 m high with separate male and female plants.

Stems: Modified leaf stems are hairless, 2 to 5 cm long, pungent, round in cross-section with 3 to 4 narrow internodes that are 8 to 16 mm long.

Leaves: Four scale-like leaves encircle the stem at each node; they are 1.5 to 2 mm long, united at the base and have irregular divided tips.

Flowers: The male flower spikes are 4 to 7 mm long with anthers 0.5 to 0.6 mm long and are produced from the branchlets. The female flowers are red, produced on short lateral branches that are hidden among the dense branches and cones on the older wood.

Fruit: Cones are spherical in shape, 1.1 to 2.5 cm long and covered in long coarse hairs, 1 to 2 cm long and protruding from the bracts and bracteoles. The cones are held closely to the older wood and are hidden within the dense branches. Brown to black seeds are 6 to7 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Tammin and Quairading area in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey or white sand over laterite, sometimes on low ridges, in mallee, shrubland and heath with Eucalyptusmacrocarpa, Allocasuarina campestris, Leptospermum erubescens, Acacia ataxiphylla subsp. magna (DRF), Banksia armata, B. densa, B. sphaerocarpa andB. vestita.



Similar speciesAllocasuarina grevilleoides and A. microstachyaare similar in appearance but lack long fibrous hairs on their cones.

Woolly sheoakAllocasuarina fibrosaFamily: Casuarinaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

39

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Male flower, C - Branches, D - Fruit, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC79

40

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin cuneatus (wedge-shaped), referring to the wedge-shaped part of the leaf that attaches to the stalk.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Alex George in 1981 from specimens he collected east of Quairading in 1971.

DescriptionHabit: Non-lignotuberous shrub or small tree to 2 to 5 m tall.

Stems: Erect stems have smooth grey bark.

Leaves: Dull green above, 1 to 4 cm long and 5 to15 mm wide, wedge-shaped, covered in coarse hairs with 1 to 5 prominent pungent teeth on each margin.

Flowers: Cream to pink towards base, turning pink throughout, 3 to 4 cm wide, style cream turning red, pollen presenter green with the old flowers soon falling.

Fruit: Each fruiting cone has 1 to 5 follicles, 17 to 21 mm long and 9 to 12 mm wide, mottled grey and covered in short, soft, matted hairs. Seeds are 17 to 20 mm long and 7 to 8 mm wide and unevenly triangular in shape.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Quairading Brookton and Cuballing areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in yellow or grey sand in low woodlands, shrubland and heath with Banksia prionotes, B. attenuata, Xylomelum angustifolium, Leptospermum erubescens and Eremaea pauciflora.

Flowering periodSeptember to December.

Seed maturitySeptember to February.

Similar speciesBanksia ilicifolia is similar in appearance but is larger and has larger leaves and fruit. The dull leaves and more brightly colored buds and flowers distinguish Banksia cuneata from B. ilicifolia and B. oligantha.

Matchstick banksiaBanksia cuneataFamily: Proteaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

41

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower, D - Habit, E - Fruit

B

E

C

D

Todd

Eric

kson

Lorr

aine

Duf

fyLo

rrai

ne D

uffy

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC68

42

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin mimicus (imitative), referring to the superficial resemblance of the species to Banksia nivea.

Authority and type collectionNamed as a species of Dryandra by Alex George in 1984 from specimens he collected near Wattle Grove, Perth in December 1972. The species was placed in Banksia by Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele in 2007.

DescriptionHabit: Prostrate lignotuberous shrub 0.15 to 0.4 m high, with underground stems.

Leaves: Linear leaves are 13 to 35 cm long and 5 to 15 mm wide, densely hairy underneath with 20 to 60 pungent teeth along each margin with rounded gaps. The juvenile leaves are hairy above, but lose the upper hairs as they mature.

Flowers: Yellow flowers have a tuft of long twisted hairs at the apex, evenly spaced from the central cavity, flower at ground level and grouped into erect heads.

Fruit: Densely hairy fruits are 13 to 20 mm long and 8 to 10 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Mogumber, Gingin, Kalamunda and Busselton areas in the Geraldton Sandplains and Swan Coastal Plain IBRA regions. It grows in white or grey sand over laterite, sometimes in flat swampy areas, in woodlands and heath with Banksia attenuata, B. menziesii, Eucalyptus todtiana, Nuytsia floribunda, Adenanthos cygnorum, Kingia sp, Allocasuarina humilis andXanthorrhoea preisii.

Flowering periodDecember to February.

Seed maturityMarch.

Similar speciesBanksia nivea is superficially similar in appearance but has leaves with V-shaped gaps and pale brown flowers. Banksia lindleyana is also similar.

Summer honeypotBanksia mimicaFamily: Proteaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

43

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and habit, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Jean

Hor

t

Jean

Hor

tJe

an H

ort

Jean

Hor

t

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

44

Derivation of nameDerived from the genus Serratula and oides (like), referring to the resemblance of the species to the genus Serratula, which commonly has toothed leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Carl Meisner in 1855 from specimens collected by James Drummond. The species was placed in Banksia by Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele in 2007.

DescriptionHabit: Low compact lignotuberous shrub 0.3 to 1 m high.

Leaves: Crowded leaves are up to 5 to 8 cm long and 7 to 15 mm wide with 6 to 15 lobes each side; each lobe does not quite reach the midrib. Leaves are slightly greyish-green above and pale on the underside.

Flowers: Yellow flower heads are about 2.5 cm long, surrounded by outer bracts that are covered in coarse hairs on the margins and apex. They are shiny brown and are 11 to 12 mm long. The bracts initially have white woolly margins, but later become smooth. The outer floral whorl is covered with silky hairs.

Fruit: Covered in dense coarse hairs, 5 to 6 mm long and wrinkled.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Gillingarra and Mogumber area in the Jarrah Forest and Geraldton Sandplain IBRA regions. It grows in red or brown loamy clay or sand over laterite on ridge tops or slopes in woodland and heath with Eucalyptus wandoo, Banksia fraseri var. fraseri, B. kippistiana, Calothamnus pachystachyus and Gastrolobium polystachyum.

Flowering periodJune to September.

Seed maturitySeptember to December.

Similar speciesBanksia serratuloides subsp. perissa is superficially similar in appearance but has leaves with 20 to 33 lobes each side and outer bracts that are 22 to 25 mm long. It also has a more northerly distribution.

Southern serrate banksiaBanksia serratuloides subsp. serratuloidesFamily: Proteaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

45

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Habit, D - Habitat, E - Leaf

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC517

46

Derivation of nameDerived from the genus Drakaea and oides (like), referring to resemblance of the species to the genus Drakaea, due to the hanging petals and lateral sepals and loosely hinged labellum of the species.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Stephen Hopper and Andrew Brown in 2001 from specimens collected north-west of Dalwallinu by Stephen Hopper in August 1988.

DescriptionHabit: Tuberous inconspicuous perennial herb 12 to 30 cm high.

Leaves: Produces a single leaf that is 3 to 5 cm long and 4 to 12 mm wide and tends to lie flat on the ground.

Flowers: One or two green maroon flowers are up to 2 cm across with a loosely hinged labellum that is 5 to 7 mm long. They have an insect-like lip and hanging petals and sepals that are 13 to 17 mm long, 2.5 to 4 mm wide and are covered in long hairs. The flower stalks are slender and covered in hairs.


Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Dalwallinu, Beacon, Coorow and Goomalling areas, with a disjunct population near Lake King, in the Avon Wheatbelt, Geraldton Sandplains and Mallee IBRA regions. It grows in grey, brown or red sandy clay, on the raised edges of salt lakes, in shrubland with Melaleucasp., Acacia acuminata, Exocarpos aphyllus, Santalum acuminatum, Caladenia cristata,C. flava and Melaleuca sp.

Flowering periodAugust to October.


Similar speciesCaladenia barbarossa is superficially similar in appearance but has a stiffly hinged labellum and spreading petals and sepals. On rare occasions C. drakeoides hybridiseswith C. exilis and this plant has been namedx C. ornata.

Hinged dragon orchidCaladenia drakeoidesFamily: Orchidaceae


Distribution map

47


B

E

C

D

Mar

k Br

undr

ett

Joel

Col

lins

Mar

k Br

undr

ett

WA

Her

bariu

m

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

48

Derivation of nameNamed in honour of Erika and Alessandro Pignatti of Rome, who have contributed to the knowledge of Western Australian flora.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Kingsley Dixon and Russell Barrett in 2001 from specimens collected near Quairading by Kingsley Dixon in September 1988.

DescriptionHabit: Erect shrub to 0.5 m high with stilt roots 1 to 6 cm long.

Leaves: Narrow pungent leaves are 5.2 to 11.5 mm long and 0.9 to1.4 mm wide, hairless, with a sheath with branched outgrowths on the margins.

Flowers: Star-shaped flowers have six narrow dark blue-purple lobes that fade with age. The flower has 6 yellow anthers, which change to orange-red with age.

Fruit: The seeds are 2.7 mm long and 0.5 mm wide forming a nut-like one-celled fruit.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Arthur River, Dumbleyung, Lake Grace, Kulin and Wickepin areas, with disjunct populations near Quairading and Dowerin, in the Avon Wheatbelt and Mallee IBRA regions. It grows in white or yellow sand over laterite in open woodlands, shrubland and heath with Nuytsia floribunda, Banksia sphaerocarpa, B. prionotes, Eremaea pauciflora, Leptospermum erubescens andXanthorrhoea preissii.



Similar speciesCalectasia cyanea and C. gracilis are superficially similar in appearance.

Stilted tinsel flowerCalectasia pignattianaFamily: Dasypogonaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

49

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

JMC520

50

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin densus (crowed, dense) and flos, floris (flower), referring to the hairy flower spike and uni (one) and cephale (head), referring to the solitary, terminal flower spike.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Eleanor Bennett in 1985 from specimens collected south of Gillingarra by Ray Cranfield in September 1983.

DescriptionHabit: Erect, much-branched shrub to 0.3 to 0.6 m high.

Leaves Thread-like leaves are 3 to 4 cm long, curved and covered in white spreading hairs.

Flowers: A single flower head is 1.5 cm in diameter, almost globular, with single bluish-white tubular flowers 10 mm long, each with two lips. Slender, hairy floral bracts are as long as the flowers. The flower head is held on a single leafless stalk which is covered in white spreading hairs.

Fruit: The nut is 2 to 2.6 mm long and 1.5 to 2 mm wide, orange in colour and covered in velvet-like hairs.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Gillingarra and Mogumber areas in the Jarrah Forest and Geraldton Sandplains IBRA regions. It grows in brown loamy clay over laterite in low-lying situations in woodland and heath with Eucalyptus wandoo, Casuarina obesa, Adenanthos cygnorum, Banksia fraseri var.fraseri and Hakea incrassata.

Flowering periodSeptember to November.


Similar speciesConospermum densiflorum subsp.densiflorum, is similar in appearance but has several (up to 10) flowering heads on each branch, forming a dense spike in which the flowers are in one horizontal plane (corymb).

One-headed smokebushConospermum densiflorum subsp. unicephalatum Family: Proteaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

51


B

E

C

D

Val E

nglis

h

Val E

nglis

hVa

l Eng

lish

Joel

Col

lins

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

JMC379

52

Derivation of nameDerived from the town name Wongan Hills and ensis (native of), named after Wongan Hills.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Stephen Hopper in 1982 from specimens he collected near Wongan Hills in August 1976.

DescriptionHabit: Tufted rhizomatous perennial herb to 8 to 20 cm high.

Leaves: Green erect leaves are 8 to 17 cm long and 0.5 to 0.9 mm in diameter, circular in cross-section and hairless except for small bristles evenly spaced along margins.

Flowers: Creamy yellow tubular flowers are up to 10 mm long with up to 10 flowers in each head. The flower stem is 1 to 3 cm long.


Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Wongan Hills, Manmanning and Dowerin areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey sand over laterite or yellow sand in mallee, shrubland and heath with Eucalyptus pyriformis, Allocasuarina campestris, Leptospermum erubescens, Ecdeiocolea monostachya and Borya constricta.



Similar speciesConostylis teretiuscula, C. dielsii andC. caricina are similar in appearance but have broader, hairy leaves and larger flowers.

Wongan conostylisConostylis wonganensisFamily: Haemodoraceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

53

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower, D - Habitat, E - Habit

B

E

C

D

Lyn

Phill

ips

Sony

a Th

omas

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

54

Derivation of nameNamed in honour of William Henry Odgers (1828-81), under-secretary of the Chief Secretary’s Department of Victoria and the Latin occidentalis (western), referring to the westerly distribution of this subspecies.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Laurence Haegi in 1981 from specimens he collected at Cowcowing in September 1976.

DescriptionHabit: Greyish erect shrub to 2.5 m high.

Stems: Covered with short felted hairs 1 to 6.5 mm long.

Leaves: Woolly leaves are 25 to 35 mm long and 9 to 13 mm wide and are covered in short felted hairs.

Flowers: Dense clusters, often forming leafy spikes, on stalks up to 2 mm long. The white petals are up to 8.5 mm long and have longitudinal purple lines.

Fruit: The seed capsule is 3.5 mm long with seeds 2.8 to 3.4 mm long.

Distribution and habitatKnown only from a single population near Cowcowing, north of Wyalkatchem, with an early historic collection made at Lake Moore in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region and historically extending into the Yalgoo IBRA region. It grows in pale orange sandy clay in shrubland with fringing mallee and woodlands with Allocasuarina acutivalvis, Acacia resinimarginea, A. coolgardiensis, Santalum acuminatum, Keraudrenia integrifolia and Olearia pimeleoides.

Flowering periodSeptember to December.


Similar speciesCyphanthera odgersii subsp. odgersii is superficially similar in appearance but is smaller and has shorter hairs on the branches and smaller leaves.

Western woolly cyphantheraCyphanthera odgersii subsp. occidentalisFamily: Solanaceae


Distribution map

55


B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Lorr

aine

Duf

fyW

endy

Joh

nsto

nJo

el C

ollin

s

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

56

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin acerosus(needle-shaped), referring to the fine needle-shaped leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by William Fitzgerald in 1904 from specimens he collected near Mogumber in November 1903.

DescriptionHabit: Spreading densely branched shrub to 0.2 to 0.6 m high.

Leaves: Crowed, finely pointed, often hooked leaves are up to 1 cm long and less than 1 mm wide.

Flowers: Yellowish-green flowers are drooping, about 1.5 cm across and terminate the short branches. Each flower head is enclosed by numerous spreading green bracts with purplish-red margins, that are longer than the flowers but do not hide them. The red styles are hairy below the stigma and are less than 0.5 cm long.


Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Gillingarra and Mogumber areas in the Jarrah Forest and Avon Wheatbelt IBRA regions. It grows in brown loam and clay over granite or laterite, sometimes on granite outcrops, in woodlands and shrubland with Eucalyptuswandoo, Corymbia calophylla, Melaleuca radula, Isopogon divergens, Viminaria juncea, Glischrocaryon aureum and Grevillea endlicheriana.

Flowering periodAugust to November.


Similar speciesDarwinia masonii and D. purpurea are superficially similar in appearance.

Fine-leaved darwiniaDarwinia acerosaFamily: Myrtaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

57


B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Bro

wn

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

58

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin carneus(flesh-coloured), referring to the pinkish-red colour of the bracts surrounding the flowers.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Charles Gardner in 1928 from specimens he collected near Mogumberin 1922.

DescriptionHabit: Small spreading shrub to 0.2 to 0.45 m high.

Leaves: Narrow keeled leaves are 6 to 10 mm long and are arranged in opposite pairs along the stem.

Flowers: Drooping flower heads are surrounded by broad yellow-green to pinkish-red bracts, up to 3 cm long. Each flower head contains 8 tubular flowers that have short, blunt lobes, about 1.5 mm long and 5 white petals that are 4 mm long. The style is 13.5 mm long and has a curved bearded tip.


Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Mogumber and Narrogin areas, with an earlier collection made in the Stirling Range (this location is likely to be an error), in the Avon Wheatbelt and Jarrah Forest IBRA regions, and historically extending into the Esperance Plains IBRA region. It grows in brown sandy loam over lateritic gravel on

ridge-tops and breakaways in woodland and heath with Eucalyptus wandoo, E. accedens, Banksia nobilis, Hibbertia hypericoides andAdenanthos cygnorum.

Flowering periodOctober to December.

Seed maturityDecember.

Similar speciesPlants near Mogumber are taller, have a different habit, a larger inflorescence and different coloured bracts to those found at Narrogin. Further study is required to determine if there are sufficient differences to separate the two into distinct taxa.

Mogumber bellDarwinia carneaFamily: Myrtaceae


Distribution map

59

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Habit, D - Seed, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Gill

ian

Stac

k

And

rew

Bro

wn

Thre

aten

ed F

lora

See

d C

entr

eA

ndre

w B

row

n

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC377

60

Derivation of nameNamed after Cunderdin, a town in the vicinity of the only known population.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Gregory Chandler and Michael Crisp from specimens collected north of Cunderdin by Ray Cranfield in 1996.

DescriptionHabit: Erect, intricately branched shrub to 1.2 to 1.6 m high.

Leaves: Dull green phyllodes are 10 to 20 mm long and 4 to 9 mm wide, elliptical to ovate, rounded at the base with a pungent tip. Phyllodes are held at approximately 45º from the stems.

Flowers: Dull red to orange-red pea flowers have a unique standard petal 12 to 15 mm long, which remains partly folded, a keel 16 to 18 mm long and wings 13 to 17 mm long.

Fruit: Pods are triangular in shape.

Distribution and habitatOnly known from a single population north of Cunderdin in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in light brown to grey sand over laterite in highly modified mallee and shrubland with Eucalyptus pyriformis, Leptospermum erubescens, Banksia vestita, Acacia volubilis (DRF) and Grevillea hookeriana.

Flowering periodApril to May.

Seed maturityAugust to September.

Similar speciesDaviesia cardiophylla, D. euryloba andD. umbonata are similar in appearance but have smaller yellow and red flowers.

Cunderdin daviesiaDaviesia cunderdinFamily: Papilionaceae


Distribution map

61

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower, D - Habit, E - Leaf

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Bro

wn

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

62

Derivation of nameNamed in honour of Friedrich Diels (1874-1945), who collected widely in Western Australia during 1900-01.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Ernst Pritzel in 1904 from specimens he collected near Moora.

DescriptionHabit: Erect intricately branched shrub 0.5 to 0.9 m high.

Stems: Covered in dense hairs.

Leaves: Small leaves are flattened and obliquely oval, usually densely hairy, 2 to 4 mm long and 1 to 3 mm wide with 1 to 2 prominent nerves and a sharp point.

Flowers: Small orange and red pea flowers have a floral whorl 5 to 6 mm long, with the calyx lobes shorter than the tube. The flowers are borne singularly in the axils of the upper phyllodes.

Fruit: Triangular pods are about 1 mm long and have convex valves.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Moora, Watheroo and Dalwallinu areas in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplains IBRA regions. It grows in brown and grey sandy loam over laterite and yellow sand in shrubland with Actinostrobus arenarius, Allocasuarina campestris, Calothamnus quadrifidus, Leptospermum erubescens andHakea scoparia.




Diels’ daviesiaDaviesia dielsiiFamily: Papilionaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

63

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Fruit, E - Habit

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC244

64

Derivation of nameDerived from the genus Euphorbia and oides (like), referring to the resemblance of the species to that genus.

Authority and type collectionNamed by George Bentham in 1864 from specimens collected from an unknown location in south-western Australia by James Drummond.

DescriptionHabit: Erect spreading spiny shrub 0.4 to 0.8 m high.

Stems Very thick greyish-green cylindrical stems are 6 to 10 mm in diameter, appearing succulent but pithy inside.

Leaves: Reduced to small, prickly, recurved spines that are 3 to 5 mm long and are dark green in colour.

Flowers: Orange or yellow pea flowers have a deep red keel and are produced in clusters from the axils of the scales.

Fruit: Triangular-shaped pods are approximately 15 mm long and 12 mm wide and have a sharp apex. Each pod produces 1 to 2 mottled seeds.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Wongan Hills, Goomalling and Dowerin areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey or brown sandy loam or clay over laterite in shrubland and heath with Allocasuarina campestris, Grevillea hookeriana, G. armigera, Hakea scoparia and Ecdeiocolea monostachya.




Wongan cactusDaviesia euphorbioidesFamily: Papilionaceae


Distribution map

65

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flowers, C - Fruit and seed, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Vic

toria

Phi

lpot

t

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

66

Derivation of nameNamed in honour of Greg Keighery who first collected the species.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Karen Wilson in 1997 from specimens collected near Ellen Brook, north of Perth by Greg Keighery in October 1978.

DescriptionHabit: Erect rhizomatous perennial aquatic sedge to 0.4 m high.

Stems: Smooth green stems are 20 to 40 cm tall and 1 to 2 mm in diameter, dying off over summer.

Leaves: Reduced to straw-coloured sheaths at the base of the plant.

Flowers: Colourless or very pale green inflorescences are 4 to 6 mm long and 1 to 2 mm wide, cylindrical in shape and with spirally arranged green bracts. Each flower consists of 3 stamens and a feathery stigma that divides into 3.


Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Eneabba, Dandaragan, Bindoon, Toodyay, Beverley, Capel and Boyup Brook areas in the Avon Wheatbelt, Geraldton Sandplains, Jarrah Forest and Swan Coastal Plain IBRA regions. It grows in brown and grey seasonally wet clay pans with fringing woodland and shrubland with Casuarina obesa, Eucalyptus rudis, Melaleuca rhaphiophylla, Melaleuca lateritia, Eleocharis acuta and Amphibromus nervosus.



Similar speciesEleocharis acuta is similar in appearance but has a shorter inflorescence covered with dark brown bracts.

Keighery’s eleocharisEleocharis keigheryi Family: Cyperaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

67

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Roots, D - Habit and habitat, E - Flowering stem

B

E

C

D

WA

Her

bariu

m

WA

Her

bariu

mG

reg

Kei

gher

yW

A H

erba

rium

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

68

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin pinnatifid (lobed in a pinnate manner), referring to the leaf that is divided into lobes about three-quarters of the way to the midrib.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bob Chinnock in 2007 from specimens he collected near Dalwallinu in September 1990.

DescriptionHabit: Erect spreading aromatic shrub 0.6 to 1 m high.

Leaves: Resinous leaves are in whorls of 3, deeply lobed, 5 to 9.5 mm long and 2.5 to 4.5 mm wide with long white hairs mainly on the upper surface.

Flowers: Pale purple flowers are 18 to 25 mm long, long downy hairs on the outside, white inside with pale purple spots.

Fruit: Dry woody fruits are broadly egg-shaped, 3.5 to 4 mm long and 2.4 to 3.2 mm wide. Seeds are 2.5 mm long and 0.7 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Dalwallinu area, with a disjunct occurrence north of Wongan Hills in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in red or brown clay loam in woodland and shrubland with Eucalyptus salmonophloia, E. salubris, Santalum acuminatum, Templetonia sulcata and Acacia merrallii.

Flowering periodAugust to February.

Seed maturityJune to July.

Similar speciesEremophila ternifolia, E. sargentii andE. verticillata are similar in appearance but lack pinnate leaves and prominent downy hairs on their vegetative parts.

Pinnate-leaf eremophila Eremophila pinnatifidaFamily: Myoporaceae


Distribution map

69

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower and leaf, C - Flower, D - Flower, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Bro

wn

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC315

70

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin resina (resin) and osus (abounds in), referring to the resinous covering on most parts of the upper stems, including the petals.

Authority and type collectionNamed as a species of Pholidia by Stephan Endlicher in 1838 from specimens collected in an unknown location by John Septimus Roe in 1835. The species was placed in Eremophila by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1859.

DescriptionHabit: Low spreading shrub 0.4 to 1 m high.

Stems: Covered in wart-like lumps.

Leaves: Greyish-green leaves are 6 to 12 mm long and 2 to 2.5 mm wide, covered in sparse to dense short hairs, pointed or blunt at the tips and are arranged alternately along the stems.

Flowers: Violet flowers are 13 to 18 mm long, hairy on the outside, white inside with violet spots. The stamens do not protrude from the floral tube. The lobes of the calyx are narrow, pointed and hairy.

Fruit: Dry fruits are egg-shaped 3.8 to 4.3 mm long and 2.3 to 3 mm wide and covered in hairs.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Koorda, Warralakin and Westonia areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in red or brown clay loam, occasionally with laterite, in woodland, mallee and shrubland with Eucalyptus salmonophloia, E. sheathiana, Santalum acuminatum, Acacia mackeyana and Exocarpus aphyllus.

Flowering periodSeptember to January (April).

Seed maturityNovember to January.

Similar speciesEremophila delisseri is similar in appearance but is larger and has a less intricate growth form. It also has a different sepal shape and lacks very fine hairs on the branches.

Resinous eremophilaEremophila resinosaFamily: Myoporaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

71


B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

mJMC85

72

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin terni (three each) and folium (leaf), referring to the 3-leaf whorled arrangement along the stem.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bob Chinnock in 1982 from specimens collected near Wongan Hills by Bruce Maslin in December 1980.

DescriptionHabit: Low spreading aromatic shrub 0.3 to 0.5 m high.

Leaves: Arranged in whorls of 3, light green but often reddish-brown on the underside and along the margins, 6 to 11 mm long, 2.5 to 4 mm wide and hairless.

Flowers: Lilac flowers are 8 to 10 mm long, with scattered short hairs on the outside, white inside with purple spots. Calyx lobes are narrow, pointed and hairy. Stamens are non-protruding from a floral tube. The flowers are usually solitary towards the ends of the branchlets.

Fruit: Dry woody egg-shaped fruits are 2.3 to 3.2 mm long and 2.2 to 3 mm wide. Seed is to 2 mm long and 0.5 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatOnly known from the Wongan Hills area in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows on red or brown clay loam on or between breakaways in woodland and shrubland with Eucalyptus longicornis, E. salubris, Santalum acuminatum, Melaleuca adnata and Acacia orbifolia.

Flowering periodSeptember to February.

Seed maturityDecember to March.

Similar speciesEremophila verticillata and E. veronica are similar in appearance but have rounded branches, smaller, narrower leaves and smooth sepals.

Wongan eremophilaEremophila ternifoliaFamily: Myoporaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

73

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Leaf, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Sony

a Th

omas

Nic

ole

Will

ers

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC61

74

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin vernix -icis (varnish) and osus (abounding in), referring to the varnished appearance of the leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bob Chinnock in 2007 from specimens collected near Kalannie by William Blackall in September 1938.

DescriptionHabit: Erect spreading shrub to 1 m high.

Stems: White stems are covered in a thick layer of resin.

Leaves: Resinous leaves are 4 to 6 mm long and 2 to 3.5 mm wide, hairless, recurved downwards, spiny tipped with a prominent midrib on the underside. Leaf margins are obscurely or distinctly toothed.

Flowers: Lilac to light purple flowers are 9 to 11 mm long covered in flat-lying hairs on the outside and inside surfaces of the lobes. Each flower has 4 stamens enclosed in the petal tube.

Fruit: Egg-shaped fruits are 3.5 mm long and 1.6 mm wide, ribbed with scattered hairs.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Coorow and Wubin areas, with an earlier collection made near Kalannie, in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplain IBRA regions. It grows in light brown sandy clay loam over laterite near low laterite breakaways, in woodland, mallee and shrubland with Eucalyptus horistes, Melaleuca coronicarpa, Acacia saxatilis, Santalum acuminatum andOlearia muelleri.

Flowering periodSeptember.



Resinous poverty bushEremophila vernicosaFamily: Myoporaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

75

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Habitat, E - Flower and leaf

B

E

C

D

Sony

a Th

omas

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Bro

wn

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC312

76

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin viscidus (sticky), referring to the resinous branches and leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Stephan Endlicher in 1838 from specimens collected by John Septimus Roe from an unknown location in Western Australia.

DescriptionHabit: Erect multi-stemmed shrub or small tree to 5 m tall.

Leaves: Resinous shiny narrow leaves are 45 to 90 mm long and 10 to 21 mm wide, hairless with finely serrated margins.

Flowers: Cream-tinged crimson or cream-tinged metallic blue-green flowers are 20 to 25 mm long with crimson to blackish-purple spots inside the floral tube. Flowers are on hairless stalks that are 5 to 7 mm long and are resinous, 1 to 3 flowers per axil. Stamens project beyond the tube.

Fruit: Egg-shaped fruits are 5 to 7.5 mm long and 3.5 to 4.5 mm wide and hairy on the upper section. Seeds are 2.2 long and 0.9 to 1 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Mullewa, Pithara, Ballidu, Mukinbudin, Nungarin and Westonia areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region and extending into the Yalgoo IBRA region. It grows in light brown sandy and clay loams over granites or red-brown

clay loams in woodland and shrubland, often near salt lakes with Eucalyptusloxophleba, Melaleuca uncinata, Acacia acuminata and Rhagodia drummondii.



Similar speciesEremophila neglecta is superficially similar in appearance but has hairy branches, shorter hairy leaves, a different flower colour and smooth fruit. Eremophila lucida is also similar but has a different flower colour, longer flower stalks and a smooth outer corolla surface.

Varnish bushEremophila viscidaFamily: Myoporaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

77

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit, D - Flower, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rd

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

78

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin pruinosus (frosted) and ramus (branch), referring to the powdery white branches.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Lawrence Johnson and Kenneth Hill in 1992 from specimens collected north of Watheroo by Lawrence Johnson, Kenneth Hill, Donald Blaxell and Murray Brooker in October 1983.

DescriptionHabit: Small tree of poor form or mallee up to 2.5 to 7 m high.

Stems: Smooth, powdery white and strongly glaucous.

Leaves: Dull green to grey-green leaves are lance-shaped, 8 to 12 cm long and 1 to 2.5 cm wide.

Bark: Rough bark 1 to 2 m at base, but the mallee form is smooth throughout, with smooth dark grey to grey-brown or grey-black in the upper branches.

Flowers: Simple inflorescences are whiteor cream.

Fruit: Mature buds are ovoid, glaucous and 1.4 to 1.7 cm long and 0.6 to 0.7 cm wide. Fruits are glaucous, cupular to cylindrical, 1 to 1.2 cm wide and 0.9 to 1 cm wide. Grey-brown seeds are compressed-ovoid.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Three Springs, Watheroo and Gillingarra areas in the Avon Wheatbelt, Geraldton Sandplains and Jarrah Forest IBRA regions. It grows in yellow sand or brown sandy-loam quartzite skeletal soils over sandstone or laterite, usually on slopes, in open low mallee woodland over heath and shrubland. It grows with Eucalyptuseudesmioides, E. loxophleba, E. drummondii, E. accedens, Allocasuarina campestris andHakea gilbertii.

Flowering periodDecember to January.

Seed maturitySeptember.

Similar speciesEucalyptus accedens is superficially similar in appearance but has slightly smaller buds and smooth bark throughout.

Midlands gumEucalyptus pruiniramisFamily: Myrtaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

79

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Fruit, C - Bud, D - Bark, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Lorr

aine

Duf

fy

WA

Her

bariu

mLo

rrai

ne D

uffy

WA

Her

bariu

m

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

80

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin rectus (straight), referring to the straight trunks.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Lawrence Johnson and Kenneth Hill in 1992 from specimens collected near Cadoux by Lawrence Johnson, Kenneth Hill and Donald Blaxell in November 1986.

DescriptionHabit: Tree (mallet) to 15 m high with a straight trunk to approximately 5 m high.

Leaves: Glossy leaves are lance to sickle-shaped 5 to 10 cm long and 11 to 16 mm wide with lateral veins at 30 to 40º to midrib.

Bark: Smooth, shining pale silver-grey or white.

Flowers: Creamy white to pale yellow flowers are borne on flower stalks 9 to 18 mm long.

Fruit: Mature buds are cone-shaped, 22 to 25 mm long and 8 to 9 mm in diameter, with a long acute cap. Fruits are globular, distinctly ribbed, 8 to 9 mm long and 10 to 12 mm wide. Seeds are glossy dark grey 1.5 to 2 mm long and elliptic in shape.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Cadoux and Wongan Hills areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in white or pale yellow sand over laterite, sometimes on lateritic slopes and ridges, in woodland, mallee and shrubland with Eucalyptus horistes, E. wandoo, E. salmonophloia, E. astringens subsp. astringens, E. gardneri subsp. gardneri, Leptospermum erubescens, Allocasuarina acutivalvis and Santalum acuminatum.

Flowering periodJanuary (May).

Seed maturityMarch.

Similar speciesEucalyptus ornata is similar in appearance but has smaller buds 14 to 20 mm long.

Wongan malletEucalyptus rectaFamily: Myrtaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

81

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Fruit, C - Bark, D - Habit, E - Bud and flower

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

82

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek syn (along with, together with) and andros (man), referring to the stamens of the flower being united at the base forming a tube.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Michael Crisp in 1982 from specimens collected at Jingymia by Alex George in January 1981.

DescriptionHabit: Mallee to 3.5 to 10 m high, multi-stemmed with weeping habit.

Leaves: Dull light green leaves are linear to narrow lance-shaped, 7 to 20 cm long and 0.3 to 1.6 cm wide, held erect or pendulous.

Bark: Smooth throughout, grey or red over powdery white.

Flowers: Creamy flowers, maturing pink, are borne on flower stalks 1 to 2.4 cm long.

Fruit: Mature buds are ovoid to conical with a conical to beaked cap, 10 to 20 mm long and 5 to 7 mm wide. Stamen filaments are united in the lower half forming a tube. Fruits are hemispherical in shape, 0.3 to 0.5 cm long and 0.8 to 1.4 cm wide, with a thick rim and a broad disc. There are 4 or 5 valves. Seeds are brown and are compressed ovoid or D-shaped.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences from the Morawa, Perenjori, Koorda and Beacon areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region and

extending into the Coolgardie and Yalgoo IBRA regions. It grows in brown, red or orange sand or sandy loam over laterite, sometimes on banded ironstone along ridges, in mallee and shrubland with Eucalyptus subangusta subsp. subangusta, E. loxophleba subsp lissophloia, E. ewartiana, Allocasuarina campestris, A. acutivalvis andMelaleuca cordata.

Flowering periodDecember to March.

Seed maturityOctober.

Similar speciesEucalyptus leptopoda is similar in appearance but has smaller buds 5 to 9 mm long and 4 to 7 mm wide. E. beardiana is also similar but differs in the larger buds and less united filaments in the lower half of the flower.

Jingymia malleeEucalyptus synandraFamily: Myrtaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

83

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Fruit and seed, C - Bark, D - Habit and habitat, E - Flower

B

E

C

D

Phil

Robe

rts

Thre

aten

ed F

lora

See

d C

entr

eM

ick

Dav

isR.

Clif

ton

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC301

84

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin confertus(crowded), referring to the leaves that cluster at the nodes.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Friedrich Diels in 1904 from specimens collected by Martha Heal in 1890 east of York.

DescriptionHabit: Compact, domed, small shrub to approximately 20 cm high.

Stems: Covered in short spreading hairs.

Leaves: Greyish leaves are linear, 2 to 5 mm long and 1 mm wide, clustered at the nodes and covered in short stiff hairs. Leaves are stalkless, have margins recurved to cover the midrib with each pair of leaves united by a sheath and edged with fine hairs.

Flowers: White or pink flowers are 6 to 8 mm long and have 5 petals. Flowers are grouped in dense heads at the tops of the branches. There are 6 stamens and the style branches into 3 linear segments.

Fruit: Not recorded. The seed is covered with small nodules.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences from the Perenjori, Coorow, Ballidu, Kalannie, Wyalkatchem and Koorda areas, with an historical collection made near Northam, in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplains IBRA regions. It grows in grey, white or brown

sand over clay on the edges of salt lakes in shrubland and herbs with Halosarcia fimbriata, H. pergranulata, H. indica subsp.bidens, H. peltata, Frankenia glomerata and Gunniopsis quadrifida.

Flowering periodOctober to November.


Similar speciesFrankenia brachyphylla is similar in appearance but differs in the solitary inflorescence. F. decurrens is also similar but differs in the shape of the leaf lamina, which is free below the point of attachment, and does not extend down the stem.

Silky frankeniaFrankenia confertaFamily: Frankeniaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

85

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit, D - Habit, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rd

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC295

86

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin parvulus (very small), referring to the tiny leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Porphir Turczaninow in 1854 from specimens collected from an unknown location in south western Australia by James Drummond.

DescriptionHabit: Compact, domed, small shrub to approximately 10 cm high.

Stems: Creeping to upright stems are hairless or sparsely covered in short stiff hairs.

Leaves: Small leaves are 1.5 to 3 mm long and slightly curved. The upper surface is slightly hairy, becoming hairless with age, and the underside is covered in short stiff hairs. Leaves are stalked, narrowly oblong and circular in cross-section.

Flowers: Pink flowers are solitary at the end of the branches or in heads of 2 or 3. Each flower has 5 petals that are 5 to 6 mm long with 6 or 7 stamens and a style which has 3 branches. The thickly ribbed calyx has spreading bristly hairs and short appressed hairs above and hairless below. The ovules are attached to the wall of the ovary.


Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Cunderdin, Kellerberrin and Southern Cross areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region and extending into the Coolgardie IBRA region. It grows in grey, white or pale orange sand over clay on the edges of salt lakes in shrubland and herbs with Tecticornia halocnemoides, Sarcocornia globosa, Roycea pycnophylloides (DRF), Frankenia glomerata and Stylidium pulviniforme.

Flowering periodNovember to December.



Short-leaved frankeniaFrankenia parvula Family: Frankeniaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

87


B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rdJo

el C

ollin

sJo

el C

ollin

s

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC92

88

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin glaucus (bluish-grey or green), referring to the bluish-grey film on the leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Charles Gardner in 1942 from specimens he collected near Wongan Hills in September 1924.

DescriptionHabit: Erect shrub 0.2 to 1.2 m high.

Stems: Round in cross-section and covered in short stiff hairs with small black stipules 3 to 4 mm long.

Leaves: Bluish-green or almost grey leaves are 13 to 17 mm long and 8 to 11 mm wide, arranged in whorls of 3 and vary from circular to elliptical or oval. The leaves are held erect, with or without a pungent point and a rounded to wedge-shaped leaf base.

Flowers: Yellow-orange to orange pea flowers have a red ring surrounding the yellow centre and are 10 to 11 mm long and 13 to14 mm wide (corolla), borne above the leaves in terminal flower spikes. The calyx is covered in long soft hairs.

Fruit: The pods are very broadly transversely elliptic to circular, 4 to 4.5 mm long, 4.5 mm wide and covered in moderate to dense long soft hairs. Seed not recorded.

Distribution and habitatConfined to the Wongan Hills area in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey or brown sandy loam over laterite in mallee, shrubland and heath with Eucalyptus pyriformis, Allocasuarina campestris, Leptospermum erubescens, Hakea incrassata, Melaleuca pungens andGastrolobium hamulosum (DRF).



Similar speciesGastrolobium hamulosum is similar in appearance but differs in the smaller leaves and a hooked point on the leaf. G. rotundifolium is also similar but differs in the long needle-like point on the leaf (up to 5 mm long) and much larger stipules (10 to 15 mm long).

Spike poisonGastrolobium glaucumFamily: Papilionaceae


Distribution map

89

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Habit, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

90

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin hamulus (a small hook) and osus (abounding in), referring to the hooked leaf tips.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Carl Meissner in 1848 from collections made from an unknown location in south-western Australia by James Drummond.

DescriptionHabit: Low shrub 0.2 to 0.4 m high

Stems: Numerous slender stems are covered in moderate to dense short stiff hairs.

Leaves: Obovate to elliptic leaves are 6 to 11.5 mm long and 3 to 4.5 mm wide, sparsely to moderately covered in short stiff hairs and have prominent net veins. The leaves have a rounded tip with a small hook point and a midrib that is raised underneath. The leaves are arranged in well-spaced intervals of whorls of 3 along the stem.

Flowers: Yellow or orange pea flowers have a red ring surrounding the red centre and are 9 to 9.5 mm long, up to 11 mm wide (corolla) and arranged in short clusters at the ends of the branches. The calyx has long silky hairs and deeply divided lobes, which taper to long points.

Fruit: Pods are 4 to 5 mm long and 2.5 to 4 mm wide and covered in moderate to dense long soft hairs. Seeds are 1.5 to 2 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Watheroo, Piawaning, Calingiri and Wongan Hills areas in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplain IBRA regions. It grows in grey, white or brown sandy loam over laterite in shrubland and heath with Allocasuarinacampestris, Gastrolobium spinosum, Gastrolobium glaucum (DRF), Acaciacochlocarpa subsp. cochlocarpa (DRF) and Hakea scoparia.



Similar speciesGastrolobium parvifolium is similar in appearance but differs in the crowded leaves along the stem and the absence of a sharp hooked point on the leaf.

Hook-point poisonGastrolobium hamulosumFamily: Papilionaceae


Distribution map

91

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Fruit and seed, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

Ann

e K

elly

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC60

92

Derivation of nameNamed in honour of James Drummond (1784-1863), most prolific botanical collector in Western Australia of his time.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Charles Hubbard in 1934 from specimens collected from an unknown location in south-western Australia by James Drummond in 1848.

DescriptionHabit: Erect rhizomatous aquatic annual grass to approximately 30 cm high.

Leaves: Hairless leaves are flat, rough on the upper surface and have an oblong ligule (small, tongue-shaped appendage).

Flowers: Produced on narrow loose panicles each bearing 1 to 4 spikelets. The lower scale of the individual floret is tapered upwards and the upper scale has rough keels, 8 to 9 mm long, longer than the lower scale. The internodes between the flowering glumes (bracts at the base of each spikelet) are up to 4 mm long.


Distribution and habitatRestricted to 2 disjunct locations in the Beverley and Mingenew areas in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplains IBRA region. It grows in brown or grey sandy clay in seasonally wet clay pans in woodlands and shrubland with Casuarinaobesa, Hakea preisii, Maireana pyramidata, Atriplex bunburyana and Eleocharis keigheryi (DRF).



Similar speciesGlyceria declinata is similar in appearance but differs by the longer internodes between the spikelets, smaller glumes (bracts enclosing individual florets) and tapering lemmas and rough palea, which are longer than the lemma.

Nangetty grassGlyceria drummondiiFamily: Poaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

93

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower spike, C - Flower

B

C

WA

Her

bariu

mA

lann

a C

hant

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

94

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek arthron (a joint) and trichos (hair), referring to the jointed hairs inside the corolla.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1868 from specimens collected from an unknown location in south-western Australia by James Drummond.

DescriptionHabit: Erect perennial herb to 40 cm high.

Leaves: Linear to oblanceolate leaves are up to 5 cm long and 3 to 5 mm wide, sticky and stalkless.

Flowers: Blue flowers are 14 to 20 mm long with a white throat, few hairs inside corolla and unequal lobes. Flowers are produced in clusters up to 20 cm long with bracts leaf-like 1 to 2 cm long, flower stalks are 2 to 6 cm long. The flowering stalk has brownish sticky hairs below the head.

Fruit: Ovoid pods are 4 to 5 mm long with valves divided at base. Seeds are pale brown and 2 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences from the Gillingarra, Moora, Bindoon, Gosnells and Donnybrook areas in the Avon Wheatbelt, Jarrah Forest and Swan Coastal Plain IBRA regions. It grows in brown loam over granite, sometimes near outcrops, in woodland and heath with Corymbia calophylla, Allocasuarina huegeliana, Xanthorrhoea preissii, Hakea incrassata, Conospermum densiflorum subsp. unicephalatum (DRF)and Borya constricta.




Goodenia arthrotrichaGoodenia arthrotrichaFamily: Goodeniaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

95

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit, D - Flower, E - Leaf

B

E

C

D

WA

Her

bariu

m

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rdW

A H

erba

rium

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rd

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

H.BO

WLER

474

96

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin bractea (floral bracts) and osus (abounding in), referring to the prominent scaly bracts that enclose the flowers.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Carl Meisner in 1848 from specimens collected from an unknown location in south-western Australia by James Drummond.

DescriptionHabit: Erect, rounded, spreading shrub 1 to 2 m high.

Stems: Almost round in cross-section and silky.

Leaves: Linear leaves are 5 to 25 cm long and 1.3 mm wide, rarely divided at the base into 2 or 3 linear segments. The upper surface of the leaf is lightly silky to hairless with a prominent midvein and a pointed end.

Flowers: Rose-pink, pale pink or white dome-shaped flowers are 1.3 to 1.5 cm wide, floral bracts are 4 to 7.5 mm long and 5 to 7 mm wide and the stalks of the individual flower are 0.18 to 2.5 mm long. The inflorescence stalk is 3 to 5 mm long and is produced towards the end of the stems. The pistil is 15.5 mm long and the swollen portion of the style end is 2.25 to 2.5 mm long and 0.75 mm thick.

Fruit: Narrowly obovoid pods are 12 to 20 mm long and 2.5 mm wide, each with a long projection at the apex. Seeds are 8 to 13 mm long and 2.5 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences from the Dalwallinu, Miling, Moora and Toodyay areas in the Avon Wheatbelt, Geraldton Sandplains and Jarrah Forest IBRA regions. It grows in yellow or brown sandy loam over laterite in shrubland and heath with Allocasuarinacampestris, A. humilis, Hakea undulata, H. incrassata, Grevillea bipinnatifida, G. petrophiloides, Calothamnus accedens and Ecdeiocolea monostachya.



Similar speciesGrevillea bracteosa subsp. howatharra is superficially similar in appearance but differs in its larger inflorescences (2 cm wide), larger floral bracts (8.5 to 10 mm long), smaller inflorescence stalk (8 to 12 mm long) and larger individual flower stalks (4 to 5.75 mm long).

Bracted grevilleaGrevillea bracteosa subsp. bracteosaFamily: Proteaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

97

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit and seed, D - Habit and habitat, E - Leaf

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Ann

e K

elly

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

98

Derivation of nameNamed in honour of Christine Cornish who assisted Don McGillivray with his revision of the genus Grevillea.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Donald McGillivray in 1986 from specimens collected near Goomalling by Alex George in September 1979.

DescriptionHabit: Open or wiry shrub 0.5 to 1 m high.

Stems: Zigzagging stems are angular and silky when young but turning hairless with age.

Leaves: Narrow leaves are 2 to 6 cm long and 6 mm wide, with margins loosely rolled back and with a sharp tip. The upper surface is silky becoming hairless with age with a prominent midvein evident.

Flowers: White flowers are 4 to 5.5 mm long, hairy on the outside and are held in short clusters, about 1.5 cm long. The flowers are produced at the ends of the branchlets or in the axils of the leaves. The style is about 7 mm long, sometimes turning pink, hairless except for the strongly curved apex.

Fruit: Narrowly ovoid-ellipsoidal fruit are 10 to 15 mm long and 3 to 5 mm wide and hairless. The seeds are 12 mm long and 3 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Northampton, Watheroo, Goomalling and Upper Swan areas in the Avon Wheatbelt, Geraldton Sandplains and Swan Coastal Plain IBRA regions. It grows in brown or red sandy loam over granite or laterite, sometimes near drainage lines, in woodland and shrubland with Eucalyptus loxophleba, E. wandoo, Acacia acuminatum, A. tetragonophylla, Allocasuarina campestris, Hakea trifurcata and H. preissii and H. erinacea.



Similar speciesGrevillea costata and G. inconspicua are similar in appearance but differ in having the leaf undersurface concealed by the revolute margins and in the more prominently ribbed fruits.

Christine’s grevilleaGrevillea christineaeFamily: Proteaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

99

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower and leaf, C - Seed, D - Fruit and leaf, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rd

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

100

Derivation of nameDerived from the genus Dryandra (now submerged into Banksia) and oides (like), referring to the resemblance of the foliage to that of some species of Dryandra(Banksia).

Authority and type collectionNamed by Charles Gardner in 1933 from specimens he collected near Ballidu in September 1931.

DescriptionHabit: Prostrate lightly suckering clumping shrub 10 to 50 cm high.

Leaves: Dull yellow-green leaves grow erect from the base of the plant, are 7.5 to 11 cm long overall and have linear lobes 10 to 15 mm long becoming hairless over time.

Flowers: Ground-hugging inflorescences are 3 to 4 cm long on leafless trailing flower stems up to 1 m long. Individual flowers are pink to orange-pink with a greyish-green limb. The style is red or pink with a green tip. The floral whorl is 6 to 7 mm long and the pistil 17 to 18 mm long.

Fruit: The oblong fruit is brown, 14 to 16 mm long, hairy with reddish strips. The seeds are 7 mm long and 2.5 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatOnly know from the Ballidu area, north of Wongan Hills, in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in yellow or grey sandy loam over laterite in shrubland and heath with Allocasuarina campestris, A. acutivalvis, Hakea scoparia, Santalum acuminatum, Grevillea armigera and Melaleuca cordata.

Flowering periodAugust to October (February).


Similar speciesGrevillea dryandroides subsp. hirsuta is superficially similar in appearance but differs in its grey leaves that are covered in coarse hairs, larger leaf lobes (12 to 35 mm long) and larger flowering pistil (17 to 23 mm long). G. thyrsoides is also similar but differs in its entirely hairy style and flat pollen presenter.

Phalanx grevilleaGrevillea dryandroides subsp. dryandroides Family: Proteaceae


Distribution map

101


B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

102

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin hirsutus (hairy), referring to the persistent hairy covering on the leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Peter Olde and Neil Marriott in 1993 from specimens collected north of Cadoux by John Briggs in September 1980.

DescriptionHabit: Prostrate vigorous suckering shrub to 5 to 30 cm high.

Leaves: Grey leaves are up to 12 cm long overall and are covered in persistent coarse hairs. The leaf has linear lobes 12 to 35 mm long forming a V-shape with the midrib. The lobes are covered in crisp hairs. The leaf axis is pressed against the stem and is covered with soft hairs.

Flowers: Ground-hugging inflorescences are 5.5 to 10 cm long on leafless trailing flower stems. Individual flowers are pink to orange-pink, with a grey-green limb; the style is red or pink with a green tip. The pistil is 17 to 23 mm long.

Fruit: The hairy fruits are about 1 cm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences from the Dowerin, Cadoux, Kellerberrin, Brookton and Corrigin areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey or yellow sandy loam over laterite in woodland, shrubland and heath with Banksia prionotes, Xylomelum angustifolium, Allocasuarina campestris, Grevillea armigera, G. eriostachya, Gastrolobium spinosum andXanthorrhoea nana.

Flowering periodSeptember to March.

Seed maturityDecember to April.

Similar speciesGrevillea dryandroides subsp. dryandroides,is superficially similar in appearance but has smaller hairless leaf lobes (mostly less than 10 mm long) and smaller pistils (17 to 18 mm long).

Hairy phalanx grevilleaGrevillea dryandroides subsp. hirsutaFamily: Proteaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

103


B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

104

Derivation of nameAccommodates the wishes of the discoverer of this species to name it after the family farm, around the boundaries of which it grows.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Peter Olde and Neil Marriott in 1993 from specimens collected near Pithara by Peter Olde in September 1992.

DescriptionHabit: Suckering shrub 6 to 30 cm high.

Leaves: Greyish-green narrow leaves are 7 to 16 mm long and 1.5 to 4 mm wide and are covered with long, soft, fine hairs. The stalkless leaf has downward-curving margins and a pointed tip

Flowers: Red flowers are about 1 cm long and 5 mm wide, blue around the dilated section of the dorsal sepals below the limb, sparsely hairy outside and bearded within. The anthers are yellow and the style 20 to 22 mm long, red, curved and sparsely hairy. Individual flowers are grouped in heads of 4 to 8 at the ends of the branchlets. Each flower is on a stalk 4 to 8 mm long.

Fruit: Not recorded

Distribution and habitatKnown only from a single population near Dalwallinu in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey or brown sandy loam over gravel in highly modified shrubland with Actinostrobus arenarius, Acacia cracentis, Grevillea armigera, G. eriostachya and Conospermum stoechadis.



Similar speciesNo related or similar species.

Pythara grevilleaGrevillea pytharaFamily: Proteaceae


Distribution map

105

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower and leaf, C - Flower, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

106

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek seorsi (individual) and floris (flower), referring to the single flowered inflorescence.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Carolyn Wilkins in 2003 from specimens collected near Youndegin by Carolyn Wilkins and Kelly Shepard in August 1995.

DescriptionHabit: Erect spreading shrub 30 to 45 cm high.

Stems: Young stems are covered in fine, soft, matted hairs.

Leaves: Greyish-green ovate to linear leaves are 8 to 20 mm long and 1 to 2 mm wide and covered in dense, fine white hairs and rolled at the margins. The leaf stalk is 0.8 to 1.5 mm long.

Flowers: Creamy salmon in bud becoming white or (rarely) pink single flowers that are 10 to 14 mm long and are produced on hairy flower stalks 9 to 25 mm long. The calyx is about 10 mm long and the ovary outer surface is covered with glandular and star-like hairs.

Fruit: The fruit is ovoid in shape and 7.5 to 10 mm long. Seeds are 1.8 to 2 mm long and 1 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Cunderdin, Kellerberrin and Corrigin areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in brown and grey sandy clay over laterite on breakaways in shrubland and heath with Allocasuarina acutivalvis, A. campestris, Melaleuca uncinata, Hakea scoparia, Acacia jacksonioides, Leptospermum erubescens and Melaleuca conothamnoides.



Similar speciesGuichenotia sarotes is superficially similar in appearance but differs in having 2 to 5 flowers per inflorescence, ovate bracts and brittle, white, fan-shaped hairs at the base of the inner surface of the calyx.

Guichenotia seorsifloraGuichenotia seorsifloraFamily: Sterculiaceae


Distribution map

107

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rd

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

JMC489

108

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin reticulatus(reticulate), referring to the mature carpels that are covered in net-like veins.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Alex George in 1982 from specimens collected at Canna by Charles Gardner in November 1933.

DescriptionHabit: Erect shrub to about 1 m high.

Leaves: Linear to terete leaves are 11 to 35 mm long and 1 to 1.5 mm wide, rather crowded and sometimes have a hooked tip. The stipules are about 0.3 mm long and are brown or golden.

Flowers: Male and female flowers produced on separate plants. The male flowers have 12 to 14 stamens arranged in 1 whorl. The stamens end in short points. The female flowers have 5 to 7 carpels with narrow, flattened stigmas about 1 mm long. Both male and female flowers are produced on flower stalks about 1 mm long.

Fruit: Solitary fruit is spherical with semi-circular carpels about 3 mm long that are narrowed towards the margin with narrow keels. The carpel faces are covered in net-like veins. Red-brown seeds are about 1 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Mullewa, Perenjori and Koorda areas, with an early collection made near Kalannie, in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in yellow sand and brown sandy clay over laterite in shrubland with Allocasuarina campestris, Melaleuca cordata, Acacia acuminata andGlischrocaryon aureum.



Similar speciesGyrostemon australasicus is superficially similar in appearance but differs mainly by the absence off net-like veins covering the face of the carpels.

Net-veined gyrostemon Gyrostemon reticulatusFamily: Gyrostemonaceae


Distribution map

109

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Male flower, C - Male flower, D - Habit and habitat, E - Female flower

B

E

C

D

WA

Her

bariu

m

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Bro

wn

WA

Her

bariu

m

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

110

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin aculeatus(furnished with prickles), referring to the leaves of the species.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Alex George in 1979 from specimens he collected near Cunderdin in October 1977.

DescriptionHabit: Lignotuberous shrub to 3 m tall with columnar branches.

Leaves: Crowded leaves are 2 to 4 cm long and 3 to 9 mm wide, arranged in cylindrical whorls on the stem and end in a needle-like point. Leaves are on short stalks, or are stalkless, and covered in coarse hairs with longer hairs persisting near the base.

Flowers: Yellow inflorescence has 18 to 24 individual flowers and attaches directly to a short stalk 7 to 13 mm long. The pistil is 7 to 10 mm long and the style is red at the tip and yellow below.

Fruit: Pale brown fruit is 1.3 to 2 cm long and 1.1 to 1.4 cm wide. Seeds are up to 15 mm long and have a wing encircling the seed body.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Cunderdin, Tammin, Quairading and Brookton areas, with an early collection made near Hines Hill in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey or white sand over laterite or yellow sand in mallee, shrubland and heath with Eucalyptus macrocarpa, Leptospermum erubescens, Banksia sphaerocarpa, B. armata, Allocasuarina huegelii and A. campestris.



Similar speciesHakea ruscifolia is superficially similar in appearance but differs in its conical pollen presenter, short-stiff hairs on the fruit and seed wing fully down both sides of the seed body.

Column hakeaHakea aculeataFamily: Proteaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

111

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower and leaf, C - Fruit, D - Habit and habitat, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

JMC323

112

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek platys (flat, wide, broad) and carpos (fruit), referring to the depressed globe-shaped fruit.

Authority and type collectionNamed by George Bentham in 1864 from specimens collected from an unknown location in south-western Australia by James Drummond.

DescriptionHabit: Perennial much-branched herb 30 to 40 cm high.

Leaves: Narrow elliptic to obovate leaves are 15 to 45 mm long and 2 to 5 mm wide, stalkless with several large teeth towards the apex.

Flowers: Inflorescence is made of 1 to 3 individual flowers, produced in the upper leaf axils. Only the central flower is functional. Each flower has 4 petals, up to 2 mm long, 8 stamens and 4 styles and is enclosed by several bracts. The flower stalk is 0.2 to 0.3 mm long.

Fruit: The single fruit that develops in each axil is 1.7 to 2.5 mm long and 2.2 to 4 mm wide, shaped like a depressed globe and has a swollen, spongy covering. It has 4 compartments, 4 weak ribs, and is densely covered with minute, rounded projections.

Distribution and habitatOnly known from a single population near Dalwallinu in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in brown loam in woodland and shrubland with Eucalyptus loxophleba, Acacia acuminata, Grevillea levis and Pimelea avonensis.

Flowering periodOctober.


Similar speciesClose relatives unknown. Haloragis uncatipila is superficially similar in appearance but differs by the covering of hooked-shaped hairs and the larger sized fruit.

Broad-fruited haloragisHaloragis platycarpaFamily: Haloragaceae


Distribution map

113

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower and leaf, C - Stem, D - Habit, E - Fruit

B

E

C

D

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rd

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rdJo

el C

ollin

s

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

114

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin rutilans (being red or reddish), referring to the attractive red flowers.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Oswald Sargent in 1927 from specimens he collected near York in January 1924.

DescriptionHabit: Prostrate to ascending small shrub 8 to 30 cm high.

Leaves: Linear to oblanceolate leaves are 21 mm long and 2 mm wide and slightly rough to touch.

Flowers: Red flowers consist of 2 lobes, 6 mm long calyx and a trumpet-shaped corolla tube up to 21 mm long, which is slightly covered in short stiff hairs. The corolla is scarcely bi-lobed; the lobes are more or less equal and much shorter than the tube. The stamens are hidden in the lower quarter of the tube, but the anthers are long and protruding.


Distribution and habitatOnly known from a single recently extinct population near Dowerin in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in yellow sand in woodland and shrubland with Banksia prionotes, B. attenuata, Nuytsia floribunda, Eremaea pauciflora, Verticordia densiflora and Calytrix sp.


Seed maturityUnknown.

Similar speciesHemiandra coccinea and H. hancocksianaare superficially similar in appearance. This species is currently under taxonomic review.

Colourful snakebushHemiandra rutilansFamily: Lamiaceae


Distribution map

115

A - Habit, B - Flowers, C - Habitat

Flor

aBas

e

A

B CJo

el C

ollin

s

Flor

aBas

e

116

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin pungens (ending in a sharp hard point), referring to the long pungent branchlets.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Jennifer Chappill in 2007 from specimens she, Carol Wilkins and Kelly Sheppard collected near Marchagee in November 1993.

DescriptionHabit: Erect, densely branching, domed, shrub 0.3 to 1 m high.

Stems: Grey-green, round in cross-section, rigid and sharply pointed, 8 to 73 mm long.

Leaves: Dark brown persistent scale leaves are 1.3 to 3.7 mm long.

Flowers: Orange with red markings, scattered on the branchlets and borne on flower stalks 1.5 to 5.5 mm long. The calyx, up to 12 mm long, has a dense covering of long silky hairs, which are splayed at flowering.

Fruit: Woody flattened pods have downy hairs and drop off the plant before they open. Seeds are yellow or green, with or without black spots or strips, and are 2.9 to 4.2 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Coorow, Moora and Dalwallinu areas of the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplain IBRA regions. It grows in brown or yellow sand over laterite in mallee, shrubland and heath with Eucalyptus pyriformis, Actinostrobus arenarius, Allocasuarina campestris, Daviesia dielsii (DRF), Melaleuca cordata, Gastrolobium appressum (DRF), Petrophile shuttleworthiana and Hakea incrassata.

Flowering periodNovember to December.

Seed maturityDecember to February.


Pungent jacksoniaJacksonia pungensFamily: Papilionaceae


Distribution map

117

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit and seed, D - Habitat, E - Habit

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Bro

wn

Joel

Col

lins

Thre

aten

ed F

lora

See

d C

entr

e

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

118

Derivation of nameNamed after Quairading, a town in the vicinity of the only known populations.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Jennifer Chappill in 2007 from specimens she and Carol Wilkins collected near Quairading in September 1991.

DescriptionHabit: Prostrate, sparsely branching, spindly shrub 0.2 to 0.3 m high.

Stems: Grey-green, round in cross-section, straight or slightly recurved, sharply pointed and covered in white spreading hairs.

Leaves: Cone-shaped, dark brown persistent scale leaves are 0.5 to 1.4 mm long.

Flowers: Orange with red markings scattered singly or in few-flowered clusters along the branches and borne on flower stalks 2 to 4.2 mm long. The calyx is 7.4 to 11 mm long and all lobes are recurved at flowering.

Fruit: Woody fruits are covered in dense to scattered white hairs. Seeds are light to dark brown, have no markings and are 2.7 to 3.3 mm long.

Distribution and habitatOnly known from the Quairading area in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in yellow or white sand over laterite in woodland, mallee shrubland and heath with Banksia prionotes, B. attenuata, Eucalyptus macrocarpa, Eremaea pauciflora, Allocasuarina humilis, Acacia pulchella andUrodon dasyphyllus.



Similar speciesJacksonia calycina is superficially similar in appearance but differs in its flat stems, in not being divaricately branched and its more erect growth form.

Quairading stinkwoodJacksonia quairadingFamily: Papilionaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

119


B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Lorr

aine

Duf

fyLo

rrai

ne D

uffy

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC326

120

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin larix –icis (larch tree) and inus (like), referring to the species’ habit resembling a larch tree.

Authority and type collectionNamed by John Lindley in 1839 from specimens collected from an unknown location in south-western Australia by James Drummond in 1839.

DescriptionHabit: Diffuse, ascending shrub 0.15 to 0.7 m high.

Leaves: Small narrow leaves are 5.5 to11.5 mm long, densely crowded, circular in cross-section and somewhat fleshy.

Flowers: Scarlet to orange-red flowers, usually more orange in the centre, are usually solitary at the ends of the branches. Petal lobes have broad wings with a small point in between. The petals are hairy inside, but only at the base. Two of the petals are erect above the tube but not joined. The style is straight.

Fruit: The fruit articles are in 10 to 20 pairs and the fruit body is 17 to 29 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the York, Beverley and Brookton areas, with early collections made near Northam and Kukerin, in the Avon Wheatbelt and Jarrah Forest IBRA regions and historically extending into the Mallee IBRA region. It grows in grey or white sand over laterite, sometimes adjacent to winter-wet areas, in woodland, shrubland and heath with Eucalyptus rudis, E. wandoo, E. marginata, Banksia attenuata, Melaleuca rhaphiophylla, Xanthorrhoea preissii andHakea prostrata.

Flowering periodSeptember to January.

Seed maturityDecember to January.

Similar speciesLechenaultia superba is superficially similar in appearance but differs mainly in having fruit articles that are in 5 to 8 pairs.

Scarlet leschenaultiaLechenaultia laricinaFamily: Goodeniaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

121

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit and seed, D - Habit, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Lorr

aine

Duf

fy

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rdA

ndre

w C

raw

ford

Thre

aten

ed F

lora

See

d C

entr

e

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

122

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin abolla (woollen robe), referring to the loose covering of long star-shaped hairs that gives the species a woolly appearance.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Carol Wilkins in 2001 from specimens she and Juliet Wege collected near Wongan Hills in October 1996.

DescriptionHabit: Dense erect shrub 1.5 m high.

Leaves: Narrowly ovate leaves are 10 to16 mm long and 2 to 3 mm wide, covered in stalked star-shaped hairs and the margin is crisped and moderately recurved. The leaf stalk is 0.5 to 1 mm long.

Flowers: Up to 8 pink or pink-mauve flowers are 16 to 30 mm long and are borne on inflorescences 40 to 90 mm long. Each flower has 6 sepals that are petal-like. Petals are reduced, dark red and 0.8 to 1.5 mm long. The flower bracts are covered in stalked star-shaped hairs. The stamens are dark red and the anthers are 3 to 4.8 mm long with pores becoming extended as longitudinal slits when mature.


Distribution and habitatOnly known from a single population near Wongan Hills in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in red and orange-brown sandy clay in mallee and shrubland with Eucalyptus ebbanoensis subsp. ebbanoensis, E. loxophleba subsp. loxophleba, Acacia leptospermoides, A. congesta subsp.wonganensis and Grevillea kenneallyi.


Seed maturityOctober to December.

Similar speciesLysiosepalum rugosum is superficially similar in appearance but differs in having leaf stalks 1 to 3 mm long, flower bracts that have an acute apex and a close covering of small, sessile, star-shaped hairs.

Woolly lysiosepalumLysiosepalum abollatumFamily: Sterculiaceae


Distribution map

123

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Habit and habitat, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Sony

a Th

omas

Sony

a Th

omas

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

124

Derivation of nameDerived from the Greek skiotos (shaded by graduation in colour) and stylos (style), referring to the distinctive coloration of the style, the distal portion of which appears to have been dipped in dye.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Bryan Barlow in 1988 from specimens collected near Wongan Hills by Phil Roberts in 1984.

DescriptionHabit: Spreading shrub 0.6 to 1.5 m high.

Leaves: Greenish-grey leaves are flat to almost round in cross-section, 5.1 to 8.3 mm long and 0.8 to1.5 mm wide and with a sharply projecting apex.

Flowers: Terminal reddish-pink inflorescences usually consist of 4 flowers. The flower bracts are reddish-pink, in 4 series of 6 to 8. They are broadly ovate and 1.7 to 5.2 mm long and 1.5 to 2.4 mm wide. The stamens are 2.8 to 3.3 mm long and the style is 7.7 to 11.3 mm long. The distal part of the style and stigma are reddish-pink in colour.

Fruit: Barrel-shaped fruits are 3.2 to 3.7 mm long, somewhat corky with the valves deeply recessed.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Wongan Hills, Cadoux and Cunderdin areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in brown, orange or grey sandy clay over laterite, at the base of breakaways, in mallee and

shrubland with Eucalyptus erythronema var.marginata, Melaleuca coronicarpa, M. adnata, M. uncinata, Santalum acuminatum and Gastrolobium spinosum.


Seed maturityOctober to December.

Similar speciesMelaleuca cuticularis and M. haplantha are superficially similar in appearance. M. cuticularis differs in having broader leaves, greater stamens per bundle and generally larger fruit. M. haplantha differs in having pungent leaves and shorter sepals. Currently the taxonomic relationships between M. sciotostyla and M. haplanthaare uncertain.

Wongan melaleucaMelaleuca sciotostylaFamily: Myrtaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

125

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Fruit and seed, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Nia

ll Sh

eehy

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC541

126

Derivation of nameDerived from the genus Eremophila and oides (like), referring to the resemblance of the flowers to those of the genus Eremophila.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Kevin Kenneally in 1982 from specimens he collected near Wongan Hills in October 1980.

DescriptionHabit: Erect, openly branched shrub to 2 m high.

Leaves: Linear leaves are 3 to 6 cm long and 1 to 3 mm wide with the margins curled inwards. The leaves are arranged opposite to each other and are crowded towards the ends of the branchlets.

Flowers: Deep pink to red flowers are about 4 cm long and are held in the leaf axils on stalks about 1 cm long. The calyx is narrow-cylindrical, 10 to 15 mm long and has a mixture of glandular and simple hairs. The lower lip of the flower is much shorter than the upper lip.

Fruit: Dark brown cylindrical fruits are 3 to 4 mm long and ribbed.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Wongan Hills, Dowerin and Goomalling areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in red or brown shallow sandy clay, on laterite breakaways and granite outcrops, in woodland, mallee and shrubland with Eucalyptus drummondii, E. ebbanoensis subsp. ebbanoensis, Allocasuarina huegeliana, Nuytsia floribunda, Hakea petiolaris, Acacia semicircinalis, Allocasuarina campestris and Banksia comosa.

Flowering periodJuly to November.


Similar speciesMicrocorys longifolia is superficially similar in appearance but differs in having smaller flowers, obtuse lobes of the lower lip of the corolla and an absence of crowded leaves at the end of the branchlets.

Wongan microcorysMicrocorys eremophiloidesFamily: Lamiaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

127

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Habit, D - Habit and habitat, E - Habitat

JMC369

128

Derivation of nameDerived from the town name Wongan Hills and ensis (native of), named after Wongan Hills.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Paul Wilson as an Eriostemonin 1982 from specimens collected near Wongan Hills by Kevin Kenneally in September 1980. The species was placed in Philotheca by Paul Wilson in 1998.

DescriptionHabit: Erect shrub 0.3 to 1 m high.

Leaves: Mid-green leaves are semi-erect, 5 to 10 mm long, glandular, hairless and somewhat flattened above.

Flowers: Solitary flowers have 5 star-shaped white petals that are 5 mm long, with a pink outer strip. The unopened flower buds are pink in colour. Fleshy egg-shaped sepals are 1 mm long, the stamens are 3 mm long and arranged in a pyramid shape and the narrowly triangular filaments are 1 mm long. The flower stalks are slender and 5 mm long.

Fruit: Fruits are divided into 3 to 5 segments. The black oblong-shaped seeds are 2.5 mm long and 1.8 mm wide.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Wongan Hills area with a disjunct occurrence near Northampton, in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplains IBRA regions. It grows in brown or red sandy clay over greenstone and laterite in mallee and shrubland with Eucalyptus ebbanoensis subsp.ebbanoensis, Allocasuarina campestris, Grevillea petrophiloides, Calothamnus asper, Acacia congesta subsp. wonganensis and A. pulchella.




Wongan philothecaPhilotheca wonganensisFamily: Rutaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

129

B

E

C

D

Nic

ole

Will

ers

Lyn

Phill

ips

Lyn

Phill

ips

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Habit and habitat, E - Habit

JMC367

130

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin axillaris (growing from the axil), referring to the angle between the upper surface of the leaf and the stem on which it grows.

Authority and type collectionNamed as a species of Dasymalla by Stephan Endlicher in 1839 from specimens collected in an unknown location by John Septimus Roe. The species was placed in Pityrodia by George Druce in 1916.

DescriptionHabit: Diffuse rounded shrub to 15 to 30 cm high.

Leaves: Stalkless leaves are obovate or oblong-obovate, 2 to 4 cm long and 1 to 1.5 cm wide and covered in a mat of white dense hairs forming a woolly covering. The leaf is wedge-shaped, tapering to the base and not constricted towards the middle.

Flowers: The flowers are solitary or arranged in groups of 3 to 5 flowers which form a leafy terminal raceme. The corolla is deep red to yellowish-scarlet, 2.5 to 3 cm long and the calyx is 14 to 18 mm long. The calyx is hairless on the outside and has a dense hairy ring above the ovary and extending to the large central lobe of the lower lip. The 4 stamens extend beyond the corolla tube and the style extends beyond them.

Fruit: The fruit is obovoid in shape and has 2 lumps on the upper surface.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Perenjori, Maya and Wubin areas, with earlier collections made near Pithara and Lake Moore, in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region, and historically extending into the Yalgoo IBRA region. It grows in yellow sand over laterite in shrubland with Allocasuarina campestris, A. acutivalvis, Melaleuca cordata, Acacia coolgardiensis, Verticordia monadelpha, Glischrocaryon aureum and Grevillea excelsior.

Flowering periodJuly to December.


Similar speciesPityrodia augustensis is closely related but differs in having narrowly elliptic leaves, globular fruit and a deep lilac corolla with branched hairs inside the tube and also in having sparsely woolly hairs on the inside of petals.

Native foxglovePityrodia axillarisFamily: Lamiaceae


Distribution map

131

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rdJo

el C

ollin

sJo

el C

ollin

s

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m


JMC514

132

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin scaber (rough to the touch), referring to the rough surface of mature leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Alex George in 1967 from specimens collected near Cowcowing by Stanley Rosier in August 1959.

DescriptionHabit: Open shrub to 0.7 to 1.4 m high

Stems: Round in cross-section and densely covered with sticky golden-rusty branched hairs.

Leaves: Stalkless linear leaves are 5 to 10 mm long and 1 to 2 mm wide and grouped in whorls of 3. The surface is sticky and covered in a coarse covering of hairs, becoming rough above, and the apex is blunt. The leaf margins are inrolled and have numerous, small, rounded teeth.

Flowers: Groups of 7 to 9 flowers are held in the leaf-axil. The flower bracts are 3 to 5 mm long and 0.5 to 1 mm wide and the upper surface is covered in glandular short hairs. The corolla is white in colour, 7 to 9 mm long and the calyx is 4 to 5 mm long. The calyx is hairless inside the tube, glandular and covered in short hairs. The calyx is slightly shorter than the tube. The lower stamen pair is 2.5 to 3.5 mm long and the upper pair 2 to 3 mm long.

Fruit: Enclosed within a persistent calyx, 2 to 3 mm long and 1.8 to 2 mm in diameter at the top. The fruit splits into 2 nutlets each with 2 seeds.

Distribution and habitatRestricted occurrences in the Cowcowing and Koorda areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in yellow or greyish-brown sandy loam over laterite in mallee and shrubland with Acacia resinimarginea, A. nigripilosa subsp. nigripilosa, Phebalium megaphyllum, Hibbertia sp, Allocasuarina acutivalvis and Verticordia mitchelliana.



Similar speciesPityrodia hemigenioides is closely related but differs in having a greyish covering of hairs on the leaves, opposite leaf arrangement and its corolla-tube abruptly dilated above the calyx. Pityrodia exserta is also closely related but differs in having narrow, linear-lanceolate leaves and a deep pink corolla with a covering of short hairs and oblong anthers.

Wyalkatchem foxglovePityrodia scabraFamily: Lamiaceae


Distribution map

133

B

E

C

D

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m


134

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin fasciculus (small-bundle), referring to the tightly clustered lower leaves.

Authority and type collectionNamed by William Fitzgerald in 1912 from specimens he collected near Cunderdin in November 1907.

DescriptionHabit: Perennial mat-forming prostrate herb 2 to 4 cm high.

Leaves: Narrow leaves are 10 to14 mm long, hairless and with pointed tips and persistent sheathing bases. The leaves are arranged in tight clusters on short stems.

Flowers: Spherical flower-spikes are about 2.5 cm in diameter and are borne on white, woolly stems up to 13 cm tall. The flower segments are densely covered in fine, soft hairs. The flower bracts are pale brown, 3 mm long and covered in long, soft, shaggy hair. The outer flower parts have broadened tips and are reddish or pink at first.


Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Geraldton, Coorow, Carnamah, Quairading, Kellerberrin, Bruce Rock and Kulin areas, with an early collection made near Cunderdin, in the Avon Wheatbelt, Mallee and Geraldton Sandplains IBRA regions. It grows in grey, white or brown sandy clay, on the edges of salt lakes, in shrubland with Melaleuca lateriflora, M. thyoides, Tecticornia lepidosperma, T. leptoclada subsp. inclusa, Sarcocornia blackiana, Roycea pycnophylloides (DRF) andWilsonia humilis.



Similar speciesPtilotus caespitulosus is superficially similar in appearance but differs predominantly in the floral structures.

Fitzgerald’s mulla-mullaPtilotus fasciculatusFamily: Amaranthaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

135

B

E

C

D

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Bro

wn

Ann

e K

elly

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Fruit and seed, D - Habit, E - Flower

136

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin acicula (a small needle), referring to the needle-like branches.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Paul Wilson in 1982 from specimens he collected near Wongan Hills in February 1980.

DescriptionHabit: Compact rounded shrub to 0.5 m high with separate male and female plants.

Stems: The intricately divided spiny stems have a close covering of small hairs that form scales, which are silvery in appearance and retain their circular shape with age.

Leaves: Small fleshly leaves are 2 to 5 mm long, elliptic in shape and arranged in alternate pairs along the stem. The leaves are hairless on the above surface with soft and fine hairs underneath.

Flowers: Small flowers are produced on spiny branchlets about 10 mm long with each flower clasped by a minute bract.The male flowers are have a broad top-shape and are about 1 mm long with woolly stamens united into a cup-shaped disc. The female flowers are spherical and about 1.2 mm in diameter with the terminal flower on the inflorescence sterile with woolly hairs arising from the staminodes.

Fruit: Pale red fruiting bodies are about 3 mm in diameter. Each fruit contains black seeds that are about 1.5 mm in diameter and have a warty surface.

Distribution and habitatOnly known from the Wongan Hills area in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in red or brown loamy clay with laterite in woodland and shrubland with Eucalyptuslongicornis, E. loxophleba, E. salubris, Acacia acuminata, A. semicircinalis, Eremophila ternifolia (DRF) and Scaevola spinescens.

Flowering periodOctober to May.

Seed maturityUnknown.

Similar speciesRhagodia ulicina is superficially similar in appearance but differs in having a large, terminal, fertile female flower, smooth, minutely granular seeds and hairless male flowers that lack a disc.

Wongan rhagodiaRhagodia acicularisFamily: Chenopodiaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

137

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower (male), C - Flower and leaf, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

And

rew

Cra

wfo

rdJo

el C

ollin

sJo

el C

ollin

s

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC62

138

Derivation of nameDerived from the genus Pycnophyllum and oides (like), referring to its resemblance to the genus Pycnophyllum.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Charles Gardner in 1948 from specimens he collected near Meckering in September 1945.

DescriptionHabit: Mat-like perennial herb up to 5 cm high with separate male and female plants.

Leaves: Bluish-grey leaves are 2 mm long, mostly concave in shape with membranous edges and minute hairs. The leaves are densely and spirally arranged and overlap tightly along the stem.

Flowers: Small green flowers are borne either singly in the upper leaf axis or at the ends of the stems. The male flowers are cup-shaped and are about 1 mm long. The female flowers are circular in shape and are about 1 mm long with 4 mm long stigmas.

Fruit: Ovoid fruits are about 2 mm high and are surrounded by a persistent bract.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Cunderdin, Quairading, Kellerberrin, Kondinin, Bruce Rock, Kulin, Lake Grace and Lake King areas in the Avon Wheatbelt and Mallee IBRA regions. It grows in grey, white or brown sandy clay, on the edges of salt lakes, in shrubland with Melaleuca thyoides, M. lateriflora, Halosarcia pergranulata, H. halocnemoides, Tecticornia leptoclada subsp. inclusa, Sarcocornia blackiana, Roycea spinescens, Sclerolaena diacantha and Rhagodia drummondii.




SaltmatRoycea pycnophylloidesFamily: Chenopodiaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

139

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Leaf, C - Leaf, D - Habit, E - Habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

Wen

dy J

ohns

ton

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

140

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin rubens (blush-red) and escens (ish), referring to the flowers that become reddish at the end of flowering and the reddish flower bracts.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Hans Stauffer in 1968 from specimens he and Charles Gardner collected near Wannamal in November 1963.

DescriptionHabit: Spindly, open, leafless shrub to 1.6 m high.

Stems: Succulent-like, light green and twisted in a spiral shape.

Leaves: Reduced to reddish scales on the flowering stems, hairless and with a toothed margin. The scales are often shed.

Flowers: White flowers are yellowish-green and hairy on the inside, 2 mm long with 5 petals and 5 stamens. The flowers become reddish at the end of flowering. The flowering stem has up to 20 stalkless clusters of 4 flowers along each stem. Flower bracts are up to 4 mm long, reddish-tinged and mostly shed at flower opening.

Fruit: Broad fleshy yellow-green fruits are surrounded by persistent segments of the floral whorl, which become dark red with age.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Badgingarra, Victoria Plains and Chittering areas in the Geraldton Sandplains, Jarrah Forest and Swan Coastal Plain IBRA regions. It grows in brown, grey or yellow sandy loam over laterite in woodland, mallee, shrubland and heath with Eucalyptus wandoo, E. eudesmioides, Allocasuarina campestris, Banksia serratuloides, B. sessilis, Xanthorrhoea preisii, Santalum acuminatum and Hakea gilbertii.

Flowering periodAugust to December.



Spiral bushSpirogardnera rubescensFamily: Santalaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

141

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m


142

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin corona (crown) and forma (form), referring to the attractive crown-like arrangement of the inflorescences, encircling each cluster of rosettes.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Rica Erickson and James Willis in 1966 from specimens collected near Wongan Hills by Rica Erickson in September 1963.

DescriptionHabit: Rosetted perennial herb 7 to 20 cm high.

Leaves: Greyish-green leaves are oblanceolate and are 1.5 to 4 cm long and 1.2 to 2.5 mm wide. The leaf has conspicuous white margins and a prominent white rib on the underside. The leaf is narrow at the base and widens towards the apex, ending in a long, narrow point 0.5 to 2.5 mm long.

Flowers: A flowering stem, 4 to 25 cm high, arises from each rosette. Each stem has 6 to 40 short-stalked flowers, in a pyramidal raceme up to 12 cm long. The corolla is yellow (rarely pinkish) with 1 set of red throat markings and a yellow throat, flushed red on reverse. There are 4 corolla lobes that are laterally paired with 2 hair-like throat appendages per flower and a prominently stalked stigma.


Distribution and habitatOnly known from the Wongan Hills area in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in greyish-brown sand over laterite or reddish brown loamy clay over laterite in mallee, shrubland and heath with Allocasuarinacampestris, A. acutivalvis, Petrophile shuttleworthiana, Banksia comosa, Hakea gilbertii and H. scoparia.



Similar speciesStylidium coroniforme subsp. amblyphyllumis superficially similar in appearance but differs in narrower leaves that are blunt and very short mucronate floral bracts. Stylidium limbatum is superficially similar in appearance but differs in a shorter ovary and a more narrow leaf margin. Stylidium dichotomum has a similar flower but differs in having a bare throat and cushion-like stigma.

Wongan triggerplantStylidium coroniforme subsp. coroniformeFamily: Stylidiaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

143

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m


JMC370

144

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin glaber (without hair) and petala (petal), referring to the hairless petals of this species.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Sue Patrick in 1993 from specimens she collected near York in October 1991.

DescriptionHabit: Open shrub to 1.2 to 1.5 m high.

Leaves: Blunt-tipped leaves are 15 to 35 mm long and 7 to 18 mm wide, somewhat wrinkled and scattered in stiff rusty-brown star-shaped hairs.

Flowers: Purplish-pink cup-shaped flowers are in groups of 4 to 7 individual flowers arranged on densely hairy racemes. The calyx, which has 5 lobes, is 9 to 17 mm long and is scattered with fine hairs. The minute dark coloured petals are 0.5 to 2.5 mm long and have hairless margins, or with a few white marginal hairs. The stamens are in groups of 5 and are 4 to 5.5 mm long and fused at the base.

Fruit: The fruit capsule is about 4 mm long.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the York and Northam areas in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in grey, yellow or brown sandy loam over laterite in woodland, shrubland and heath with Eucalyptus wandoo, E. loxophleba, Allocasuarina huegeliana, Acacia acuminatum, Keraudrenia integrifolia, Grevillea vestita and Xanthorrhoea preissii.



Similar speciesThomasia montana is superficially similar in appearance but differs in having a shorter calyx (6 to 10 mm long) that is more deeply cupped, shorter petals (1 to 1.5 mm long) with densely hairy margins, which sometimes extend onto the upper petal surface.

Sandplain thomasiaThomasia glabripetalaFamily: Sterculiaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

145


B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

JMC74

146

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin montanus(pertaining to a mountain), referring to the hill-top habitat of the species.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Ernst Steudel in 1845 from specimens collected near York by Ludwig Preiss in September 1839.

DescriptionHabit: Upright shrub 0.5 to 1 m high.

Leaves: Green leaves are mostly less than 2.5 cm long, 8 to 10 mm wide and hairless or sprinkled with short star-shaped hairs. The leaf margins are entire or slightly wavy to toothed and have a very blunt tip.

Flowers: Purplish-pink to maroon bell-shaped flowers are in groups of 3 to 5 individual flowers arranged on densely hairy racemes. The flower stalks are about 6 mm long. The flowers have 5 minute hairy petals, 1 to 1.5 mm long and a hairy calyx, 6 to 10 mm long, which is lobed to about half of its length. Broad, thickened sepals have very thin, wavy edges. The stamens and staminodes are fused at the base into a cup as long as the ovary.

Fruit: The fruiting capsule has 3 chambers and contains several seeds.

Distribution and habitatScattered occurrences in the Beverley, Brookton and Pingelly areas, with an early collection made near York, in the Avon Wheatbelt and Jarrah Forest IBRA regions. It grows in red, brown or grey

sandy loam or clayey loam over laterite or granite, on hill-tops and ridges, in woodland and shrubland with Eucalyptuswandoo, E. accedens, Corymbia calophylla, Allocasuarina huegeliana, Leptospermum erubescens, Hakea lissocarpha, H. petiolaris, Gastrolobium spinosum, Acacia lasiocalyx and Banksia sessilis.



Similar speciesThomasia glabripetala is superficially similar in appearance but differs in having a longer calyx (9 to 17 mm long) and longer petals (0.5 to 2.5 mm long) that have hairless margins, or with a few white marginal hairs.

Hill thomasiaThomasia montanaFamily: Sterculiaceae

Status: Vulnerable

Distribution map

147

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Fruit and seed, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

And

rew

Bro

wn

And

rew

Bro

wn

Sim

one

Dud

ley

WA

Her

bariu

m

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

148

Derivation of nameA new species that has yet to be formally described and has been assigned an interim phrase name. This name represents a herbarium specimen which, when viewed, provides the concept of the new species.

Authority and type collectionGreenhill thomasia was first collected near New Norcia by Susan Paust in October 1972.

DescriptionHabit: Multi-stemmed shrub to about 40 cm high.

Leaves: Flat, narrowly elliptic leaves are 10 to 13 mm long and 5 mm wide.

Flowers: There are about 3 flowers in each inflorescence. The calyx, about 7 mm long, is mauve with a reddish-purple base and ribs. The calyx is divided less than halfway into 5 blunt, arching lobes. The rounded petals and the anthers are a dark purplish-black.


Distribution and habitatOnly known from the New Norcia area in the Avon Wheatbelt and Jarrah Forest IBRA regions. It grows in brown sandy clay over laterite, on slopes, in woodland and shrubland with Eucalyptus wandoo, Melaleuca radula, Hibbertia hypericoides, Allocasuarina campestris, Xanthorrhoea preisii and Calothamnus pachystachyus.

Flowering periodOctober.



Greenhill thomasiaThomasia sp. Greenhill (S. Paust 1322)Family: Sterculiaceae


Distribution map

149


B

E

C

D

Lorr

aine

Duf

fy

WA

Her

bariu

m

A

WA

Her

bariu

m

2 cm

150

Derivation of nameNamed in honour of Allan Hughan (c. 1837-83), who first collected the specieson an expedition to Western Australia in early 1867. He was recognised for his botanical contributions to Melbourne’s Botanic and Zoological Gardens.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1881 from specimens collected from an unknown location in Western Australia by Allan Hughan in 1867.

DescriptionHabit: Low shrub 15 to 30 cm high.

Leaves: Greyish-green elliptic to narrowly obovate leaves are 2 to 3 mm long.

Flowers: The flowers are concentrated towards the ends of the branches, in spike-like groups. Dark red petals are 2.5 to 3 mm long, ovate and have minute teeth towards the apex. The sepals are 3.5 to 4 mm long, dark red and have 5 to 6 lobes that are 12 to14 mm long. The stamens are 1.3 to 1.5 mm long. The flower stalks are 2 to 2.5 mm long.


Distribution and habitatOnly known from the Dowerin area in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in pinkish-white, grey or yellow sandy-loam, adjacent to salt lakes, in shrubland and heath with Allocasuarina campestris, Eremaea pauciflora, Calothamnus brevifolius, Scholtzia aff. capitata and Leptospermum erubescens.

Flowering periodNovember to December (March).



Hughan’s featherflowerVerticordia hughaniiFamily: Myrtaceae

Status: Endangered

Distribution map

151

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower and leaf, C - Fruit, D - Habit, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Mic

k D

avis

Han

nah

Tedd

s

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

JMC424

152

Derivation of nameDerived from the Latin staminosus(thread), referring to the prominent stamens of this species.

Authority and type collectionNamed by Charles Gardner and Alex George in 1963 from specimens collected near Wongan Hills by Harry Butler in June 1961.

DescriptionHabit: Low spreading shrub 0.15 to 0.6 m high.

Leaves: Linear to round in cross-section, 7 to 14 mm long, hairless and crowded towards the tips of the branches.

Flowers: The pendulous flowers hanging beneath the foliage are greenish-lemon to yellow then reddish. The sepals are lemon-yellow when they open, changing colour as they age, feathery with 2 bright red persistent bracts. The stamens are greenish-yellow at opening and rapidly turn red. The style, which also quickly turns green to red, extends beyond the stamens for 1 to 4 mm.

Fruit: A nut-like fruit is held in the old hypanthium of the flower.

Distribution and habitatOnly known from a single population in the Wongan Hills area in the Avon Wheatbelt IBRA region. It grows in shallow brown sandy loam over granite, sometimes growing in rock crevices on sheet granite, with fringing woodland and shrubland

with Allocasuarina huegeliana, Acacia fauntleroyi, Kunzea pulchella, Stypandra glauca, Hakea petiolaris, Gastrolobium callistachys and Borya sp.



Similar speciesVerticordia staminosa var. cylindracea is superficially similar in appearance but differs in having larger flowers, shorter stamens (6 to 7.5 mm long), a shorter staminal tube and staminodes that are outside the staminal tube. V. staminosa var. erecta is also similar but differs in having a more erect pine-like habit up to 1 m high.

Wongan featherflowerVerticordia staminosa subsp. staminosaFamily: Myrtaceae


Distribution map

153

A - Herbarium specimen, B - Flower, C - Flower and leaf, D - Flower, E - Habit and habitat

B

E

C

D

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

Joel

Col

lins

A

2 cm

WA

Her

bariu

m

154

Glossary

AlternateParts adjacent but with other structures placed between i.e. of leaves when developed at different levels on opposite sides of the stem.

AntherThe pollen-bearing part of the stamen.

AppressedClosely and flatly pressed against a surface.

AxilThe area (of the smaller angle) formed by the junction of structures i.e. of a leaf stalk and a branch.

BractThe leaf-like structure at the base of a flower.

CalyxThe primary sterile appendage of a flower made up of sepals.

CarpelThe single unit that makes up a female flower part consisting of an ovary, style and stigma.

ConspicuousEasy to notice, obvious i.e. large colourful flowers.

CorollaThe inner whorl of a flower consisting of free or united petals.

DeciduousShedding at the end of the growth-period i.e. bark, leaves, scales.

DistalFarthest away from the point of reference.

DorsalOf a surface remote from its axis, as the underside of a leaf.

EllipticOval and flat in a plane, narrowed to each end which is rounded.

EndemicConfined in natural distribution to a localised geographic region.

FolliclesA capsular fruit formed from a single carpel, containing one or more seeds and splitting along one side i.e. Banksia.

GlobularHaving a rounded shape.

GlumeOne or two bracts enclosing the individual florets of a grass.

HypanthiumA floral cup or tube.

InconspicuosNot easy seen or noticed.

155

InflorescenceThe flowering structure of a plant.

KeelA ridge on the outside of a fold i.e. of a pea flower the two lowermost, usually united, petals.

LabellumA modified petal forming the lip or tongue of an orchid.

LignotuberA conspicuous swelling at the base of the stem, at or below soil-level, bearing dormant buds i.e. Banksia and Eucalyptus.

MembranousOf texture when thin-layered, transparent or translucent, usually without colour.

OblanceolateLance-shaped but broadest above the middle and tapering toward the base.

ObloidHaving an oblong shape in solid form, with the cross-section circular and the ends rounded.

OblongLonger than broad, with parallel sides and rounded ends.

ObovoidEgg-shaped and solid, with the narrow end attached to the stem.

PanicleAn inflorescence when branched, often in large loose clusters.

PerennialA plant that persists for three or more years.

PhyllodeA modified stem with the shape and function of leaves i.e. Acacia.

PungentSharp and rigid.

RacemeAn inflorescence formed by pedicellate flowers arising from along an axis of indefinite length.

RhizomatousDeveloping a main shoot that is more or less horizontal, subterranean or prostrate.

SepalA segment of the calyx or outer whorl of the perianth.

StamenThe male part of the flower producing pollen, consisting of an anther and a filament.

StaminodeA sterile stamen-like floral part (of some flowers), sometimes representing a transition to a petal or a rudimentary stamen.

156

Glossary

StigmaThe female reproductive part of a flower that carries the pollen-receptive stigmatic tissue, frequently continuous with the ovary by a style.

StipuleA lateral part of a leaf borne either near or at the base of the leaf.

StyleA sterile, usually filamentous part connecting a stigma with the ovary.

TereteRound in cross-section.

WhorlA circular arrangement of three or more leaves that arise from a common point.

157

Atkins, K.J. (2008). ‘Declared Rare and Priority Flora list for Western Australia’. Department of Environment and Conservation, Kensington, Western Australia.

Australian National Herbarium (2008). The Australian Plant Name Index, IBIS, Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra, viewed 2008, <http://www.cpbr.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni>.

Barlow, B.A. and Cowley, K.J. (1988). ‘Contributions to a Revision of Melaleuca(Myrtaceae)’, Australian Systematic Botany, 4-6 1(2): 95-126.

Barrett, R. and Dixon, K. W. (2001). ‘A revision of the genus Calectasia (Calectasiaceae) with eight new species described from south-west Western Australia’, Nuytsia 13(3): 411-448.

Benl, G. (1983). ‘Taxonomic studies on PtilotusR.Br. (Amaranthaceae) in Western Australia’, Nuytsia 4 (3): 263–274.

Brown, A., Thomson-Dans, C. and Marchant, N. (ed.) (1998). ‘Western Australia’s Threatened Flora’, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Como, Western Australia.

Chandler, G.R., Crisp, M.D., Cayzer, L.W. and Bayer, R.J. (2002). ‘Monograph of Gastrolobium(Fabaceae: Mirbelieae)’, Australian Systematic Botany 15(5): 655-670.

Chappill, J.A., Wilkins, C.F. and Crisp, M.D. (2007). ‘Taxonomic revision of Jacksonia (Leguminosae: Mirbelieae)’, Australian Systematic Botany 20(6): 587-590.

Chinnock, R.J. (1982). ‘A new species of Eremophila (Myoporaceae) endemic to the Wongan Hills, Western Australia’, Nuytsia, 4(1): 5-7.

Craven, L.A. and Lepschi, B.J. (1999). ‘Enumeration of the species and infraspecific taxa of Melaleuca (Myrtaceae) occurring in Australia and Tasmania’, Australian Systematic Botany 12(6): 902.

Crisp, M.D. (1982). ‘Eucalyptus synandra(Myrtaceae), a new species of mallee from Western Australia’, Nuytsia 4(1): 129-134.

Debenham, C. ‘The Language of Botany’, The Society for Growing Australian Plants.

Erickson, R. and Willis, J.H. (1966). ‘Some Additions to Australian Stylidiaceae’, The Victorian Naturalist 83(5): 108.

Fitzgerald, W.V. (1912). ‘A new Ptilotus’, Journal of Botany 50: 128.

Flora of Australia Volume 8, ‘Lecythidales to Batales’, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra (1982).

Flora of Australia. Volume 11A, ‘Mimosaceae, Acacia part 1’, ABRS/CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne (2001).

Flora of Australia. Volume 11B, ‘Mimosaceae, Acacia part 2’, ABRS/CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne (2001).

Flora of Australia. Volume 17A, ‘Proteaceae 2, Grevillea’. ABRS/CSIRO Australia, Melbourne (2000).

Flora of Australia. Volume 17B, ‘Proteaceae 3, Hakea to Dryandra’. ABRS/CSIRO Australia, Melbourne (1999).

Flora of Australia. Volume 19, ‘Myrtaceae, Eucalyptus, Angophora’, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra (1988).

Flora of Australia. Volume 35, ‘Brunoniaceae, Goodeniaceae’, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra (1992).

Flora of Australia. Volume 4, ‘Phytolaccaceaeto Chenopodiaceae’, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra (1984).

George, A.S. (1991). ‘New taxa, combinations and typifications in Verticordia (Myrtaceae: Chamelaucieae)’. Nuytsia 7(3): 371.

Bibliography

158

Bibliography

George, E.A. (Berndt). (2002). ‘Verticordia:the turner of hearts’, University of Western Australian Press, Crawley, Western Australia.

Grieve, B.J. (1998). ‘How to know Western Australian wildflowers: a key to the flora of the extratropical regions of Western Australia. Part 2. Dicotyledons (Amaranthaceae to Lythraceae)’, University of Western Australia Press, Nedlands, Western Australia.

Gunness, A.G. (2003). ‘A vegetation survey of Yenyening lakes nature reserve and adjoining vegetation. Shires of Beverley, Brookton and Quairading for the Yenyening Lakes Management Committee’, Wildflower Society of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia.

Hill, K.D. and Johnson, L.A.S. (1992). ‘Systematic studies in the eucalypts - 5. New taxa and combinations in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) in Western Australia’, Telopea 4(4): 604.

Hopper, S.D. (1982). ‘A new species of Conostylis(Haemodoraceae) from the Wongan Hills district, Western Australia’, Nuytsia, 4(1): 17-21.

Johnston, W., Thomas, S., Dougall, S., Hamersley, C., Phillips, L. and Smith, I. (2006). ‘Threatened, poorly known and other flora of Wongan-Ballidu’, Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia.

Keighery, G.J., Halse, S.A., McKenzie, N.L. and Harvey, M.S. (ed.) (2004). ‘A biodiversity survey of the Western Australian agricultural zone’, Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement No. 67, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, Western Australia.

Loudon, B. (2006). ‘Declared Rare Flora in the Katanning District’, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australia.

Lullfitz, B., Konnur, A., Alderton, J., Jolliffe, D. and Squire, M. (2008). ‘Threatened and poorly known flora of the Yilgarn Region’, Department of Environment and Conservation, Bentley, Western Australia.

Maslin, B.R. and Chapman, A.R. (1999). ‘Acaciamiscellany 19. The taxonomy of some Western Australian species Acacia section Juliflorae with 4-merous flowers (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae)’, Nuytsia 12(3): 473.

Olde, P. and Marriott N. (1994). ‘The GrevilleaBook, Volume 1’, Kangaroo Press Ltd., Kenthurst, New South Wales.



Olde, P.M. and Marriott, N.R. (1993). ‘New species and taxonomic changes in Grevillea(Proteaceae: Grevilleoideae) from south-west Western Australia’, Nuytsia 9: 270-271.

Olde, P.M. and Marriott, N.R. (2008). ‘Recognition of new taxa in Grevillea (Proteaceae: Grevilleoideae) from south-west Western Australia’. Nuytsia 18: 232.

Orchard, A.E., Lepschi, B.J. and Hislop, M. (2005). ‘New taxa, a new record and a rediscovery in Western Australian Haloragis (Haloragaceae)’,Nuytsia 15(3): 439-440.

Patrick S.J. (2001). ‘Declared rare and poorly known flora in the Geraldton District – Wildlife Management Program No. 26’, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australia.

Patrick, S.J. (1993). ‘Thomasia glabripetala(Sterculiaceae), a new species from south-west Western Australia’, Nuytsia 9(1): 119.

Prior, K., Hayes, R., Collins, J. and Page, C. (2008). ‘Woolly foxglove (Pityrodia axillaris)Interim Recovery Plan 2008-2012, Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia.

159

Sharr, F.A. (1996). ‘Western Australian plant names and their meanings, a glossary’, University of Western Australia Press, Nedlands, Western Australia.

Shepherd, D. P., Beeston, G.R. and Hopkins, A. J. M. (2002). ‘Native Vegetation in Western Australia – Extent, Type and Status’, Department of Agriculture, Western Australia.

The International Plant Names Index (2008), viewed 2008, <http://www.ipni.org>.

Wege, J. and Coates, D.J. (2007). ‘Observations on the rare triggerplant Stylidium coroniforme(Stylidiaceae) and the description of two allied taxa of conservation concern’, Nuytsia 17(1): 439-441.

Western Australian Herbarium (2008). Florabase – The Western Australian Flora, Department of Environment and Conservation, viewed 2008, <http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au/>.

Wilkins, C.F. and Chappill, J.A. (2001). ‘A taxonomic revision of the Western Australian genus Lysiosepalum (Malvaceae: Lasiopetaleae)’, Nuytsia 13(3): 571-594.

Wilkins, C.F. and Chappill, J.A. (2003). ‘Taxonomic revision of Guichenotia (Lasiopetaleae: Malvaceae s.l. or Sterculiaceae)’. Australian Systematic Botany, 16(3), 323-360.

Wilson, P. G. (1982). ‘Eriostemon wonganensis(Rutaceae), a new species from the Wongan Hills, Western Australia’, Nuytsia 4(1): 47-50.

Wilson, P. G. (1982). ‘Rhagodia acicularis(Chenopodiaceae), a new species from the Wongan Hills, Western Australia’, Nuytsia 4 (1): 51-54.

Wilson, P. G. (1998). ‘A taxonomic review of the genera Eriostemon and Philotheca (Rutaceae: Boronieae)’. Nuytsia 12(2): 239-265.

160

Documents

Threatened flora of the - Department of Parks and Wildlife · Threatened flora of the ... This book does just that in ... The DRF profiled in this book are distributed in areas