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8/11/2019 Timber Frame 2
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL
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1.1 INTRODUCTION
- The construction of a timber structure is a clean
and dry operation
- The timber can be cut and assembled with
simple hand tools
- It has adequate stability and strength to support
the loads
- Environmental performancesustainable,
renewable, natural
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
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MODERN TIMBER
CONSTRUCTION
Timber is used as a major structural material in a great variety
of building and civil engineering applications.
Lightweight timber frame systems (based on structural timber,engineered wood products and panels)
single family; houses, multi-storey residential buildings.
Large-scale timber systems may be used for industrial and
commercial buildings.
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The anatomy of a typical timber frame small house
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General advantages
An environmentally friendly, easily recyclable
material.
Timber has a low weight in relation to
strength, which is advantageous for transport,
erection and production.
Low inertia forces.
Wood has aesthetic qualities.
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THE TIMBER FRAME
BUILDING CONCEPT
Built up by a skeleton of timber joists and
studs, covered with panels fastened to the
wood elements.
Plywood; fiber-board or chipboard, with
structural quality.
Gypsum panels = fire resistances protection.
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THE TIMBER FRAME
BUILDING CONCEPT (CONTD)
Utilised for:
transfer of vertical loads,
stabilization of wind and earthquake loads, physical separation,
fire separation,
sound insulation, and thermal insulation.
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THE TIMBER FRAME
BUILDING CONCEPT (CONTD)
The factors governing the design of walls are,
in order of priority:
fire resistance,
horizontal stabilisation,
sound insulation, and
vertical loading.
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THE TIMBER FRAME
BUILDING CONCEPT (CONTD)
Design of floors, the most importantfactors are:
impact sound insulation,
vibration control, simplicity in production, and
possibility for the installation of services.
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1.2 ADVANTAGES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL
a. Strength & Stability
- Strength varies according to density of timber
and defects in timber such as knots, shakes,
wane and slope of the grain- Stability depends on a stable foundation onwhich a stable structure can be constructed
b. Lightweight Construction
- Timber construction is lighter than masonryconstruction
- Foundation can be designed to be smaller andless wasteful of material
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
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1.2 ADVANTAGES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
c. Fast Construction
- Off-site prefabrication allows erection ofbuilding faster
- The dry construction is fast and there is noneed to wait for wet trades to dry out
d. Environmental Performance
- Timber is a natural and renewable material
e. Durability
- Very durable to any weather condition
- Maintaining process can prolong the structureexceeding 100 years
TIMBER FRAME/WALL
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.1 ADVANTAGES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.3 DISADVANTAGES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL
a. Low Fire Resistance
- Timber is a combustible material
- Fire Stop must be considered in design
b. High Cost
- Cost for high quality timber is very expensive
since the supply for good timber is very limited
c. Less Design Flexibility
- Design is limited and not flexible
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4.1 Platform Frame
1.4.2 Balloon Frame
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL
1.4.1 Platform Frame
- A load bearing wall system
- Employs prefabrication of frames
- Studs extend only from the top of one level
to the bottom of the next
- No firestops allocated in the design
- The completed floor can then be used a
working platform
- Only until six storey height
- Roof structure can only be assembled at the
final stage of construction, thus exposing works
to rain
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
a. Platform Frame (contd)
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
a. Platform Frame (contd)
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
1.4.2 Balloon Frame (contd)
- A load bearing wall system
- Employs prefabrication of frames
- Studs extend from the foundation to the
roof
- Firestops are required to close the cavities in
the wall against passage of fire
- Greater speed of fabrication and erection
- Only suited for use in two storey building
- Roof structure can be assembled right after
the studs are established
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
b. Balloon Frame (contd)
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
b. Balloon Frame (contd)
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.4 TYPES OF TIMBER FRAME/WALL (contd)
b. Balloon Frame (contd)
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.5 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLATFORM & BALLOON
FRAME
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.5 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLATFORM & BALLOON
FRAME (contd)
BALLOON FRAMEPLATFORM FRAME
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.5 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLATFORM & BALLOON
FRAME (contd)
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL1.6 METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
EXERCISE 1:
IN YOUR OWN WORDS SUMMARIZE THE METHOD OF
CONSTRUCTION OF THE FOLLOWING:
A) TIMBER PLATFORM FRAME
B) TIMBER BALLOON FRAME
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TIMBER FRAME/WALL
-THE END-