Time and Stress Management Skills.pps

8/10/2019 Time and Stress Management Skills.pps

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Time and Stress Management


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What Is Stress?

Stress

Psychological, Emotional, PhysiologicalResponse

Stressors

Threatening Environmental Conditions


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Why Is Stress

Management Important?

Organizational Costs

Individual Costs Health Impairment

Job Burnout

Performance Decline


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Exhibit 6.1: Relationship BetweenStress and Job Performance


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Experiencing stress

STRESSORS

Anticipatory,Encounter,Time,

Situational

REACTIONS

Physiological,Psychological

RESILIENCYPhysical

Psychological

Social


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Exhibit 6.2: Model of the Stress Management Process

Potential Stressors

Personal Factors

Family problemsFinancial problems

Health problems

Organizational Factors

High stress occupationJob roleOverloadUnder-utilization

Role ambiguityRole conflictResponsibility for others

Job Environment

Poor working conditionsOrganizational politics

Poor work relationships

Environmental Factors

Economic Uncertainty

Technological Change

Politics

Consequences

Psychological

Heart DiseaseUlcersHeadaches

Emotional

AnxietyDepression

Burnout

Behavioral

AggressionProductivityAvoidance

Successful CopingHigh self esteemGoal accomplishmentFeeling of well being

Stress Management

IndividualSeek help

Time managementChange jobsBuild resiliency

PersonalityCompanionshipExperienceHealth (Exercise, diet)

RelaxationRecreation

OrganizationalJob DesignSelection & PlacementTraining & MentoringTeam Building

Employee AssistanceCommunicating

Wellness Promotion

Experienced Stress

(SYMPTOM AWARENESS)


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Managing Stress: Objectives

Becoming Aware of Negative StressSymptoms

Determining the Sources

Determining the Cause

And then

Cope temporarily with the stress Eliminate stressors

Develop resiliency


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How Can Awareness of Stress

Symptoms Be Enhanced?

Physical Symptoms

Psychological SubstitutesNever Rarely Sometimes Often Always

Constant fatigue [] [] [] [] []

Low energy level [] [] [] [] []

Recurring headaches [] [] [] [] []

Gastrointestinal disorders [] [] [] [] []

Bad breath [] [] [] [] []

Sweaty hands or feet [] [] [] [] []

Dizziness [] [] [] [] []

High blood pressure [] [] [] [] []

Pounding heart [] [] [] [] []


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Sources of Stress

Major Organizational Stressors High-stress Occupations

Job Role Interpersonal Relationships

Major Personal Stressors Family Problems

Financial Problems

Health Problems Personality

Major Environmental Stressors Economic Uncertainty

Political Uncertainties

Technological Change


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Types of Stressors: Causes

Time

Encounter Situational

Anticipatory


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Managing Stress

Eliminate

Stressors

Develop

Resiliency

Temporary

copingmechanisms

Permanent

effects

Long term Short term

Enactiveapproach

Proactiveapproach

Reactiveapproach

Long time

required

Moderate time

required

Immediate


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Resiliency:

Physiological

Cardiovascularconditioning

Proper diet

Social

Supportive relations Mentors

teamwork

Psychological

Balanced lifestyleHardy personality

Small wins strategy

Relaxation techniques


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Short term strategies

Reframing

Imagery


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Types of stressors and what we

can do about them

Time Stressors

Work overload Lack of control

Elimination Strategies

Principles of time management

Delegation


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Eliminating time stressors:

Time management

Effective time management can enable

managers to gain control over their time andorganize their fragmented, chaotic

environment.


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Effective time management

means

Spending time on important, not just urgent

matters Distinguishing clearly between importance and

urgency

Focusing on results not methods

Not feeling guilty when saying no


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Effective time management

URGENCY

High Low

IMPOR

TANCE

Low

High


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80/20 Rule

Activities Time Spent Results

Trivial 80% 20%

Vital 20% 80%


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Efficient time management

Too little time; too much to do

How do I get more done?


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Schedule

Schedule Activities

Horizontal Scheduling Vertical Scheduling

Directing and Controlling


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Rules

Read selectively

Make lists

Everything in its place

Prioritize

Multitask the routine

Discretionary task jar

Divide up the big jobs

Critical 20%

Best time for important jobs

Arrange non-interrupted

time

Dont procrastinate

Keep track of time

Set deadlines

Use waiting time

Designate time for busywork

Closure on one thing a day Schedule personal time

Limit worry time

Long term objectives

Continuous improvement


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Tips for managers

Hold routine meetings at end of day

Set time limit

Hold meetings only if needed

Agendas, minutes

Start on time

Paper work decisions Organize

Limit interruptions


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Delegate

Empowerment: allow for initiative Give credit to those who deserve it


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can do about them

Encounter Stressors: Role Conflicts

Issue Interaction

Elimination Strategies: Delegation

Interpersonal skills

Conflict resolution

Resilience Social support; Collaboration

Self awareness

EQ


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can do about them

Situational Stressors: Unfavourable working conditions

Rapid change

Elimination Strategies: Work redesign

Changing jobs Short term Strategies

resiliency


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Work redesign

Level of task demand

Level of autonomy (individual control &discretion)

Level of interest

Feedback


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can do about them

Anticipatory Stressors: Unpleasant expectations

Fear

Elimination Strategies: Time management

Priorities; planning

Short term strategies

Resiliency


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Stress and Self awareness

Values

Attitude towards change Cognitive style

Interpersonal orientation


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There is more to life thanincreasing its speed.

Mahatma Gandhi

Documents

Time and Stress Management Skills.pps