Tizen Porting on Odroid U3...2. Change SDBD service file – Modified so that the script is running in the SDB service SDB: Activation [2/3] [Unit] Description=sdbd After=default.target

SKKU Embedded Software Lab.

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Tizen Porting on Odroid U3


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• Building a kernel

• Building a Tizen platform

• Bootloader

• Configuring Partitions & Platform Image Fusing

• Configure platform

• Working check

• Trouble shooting

Index


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Building a kernel


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• Setting for kernel build– Installing required libraries

• Enter the following command in terminal

• sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev build-essential

Default Environment Setting


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• Source Code download– Gerrit (https://review.tizen.org/gerrit/#/)

Kernel Check

https://review.tizen.org/gerrit/#/


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• Gerrit

Kernel Download


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• Kernel source download– git clone tizen:platform/kernel/linux-3.10

• Set branch– Perform code version management

– Check version list

• “git branch –a” -> Run in target directory

– Checkout to Tizen barnch

• git checkout tizen

Kernel Download


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• Check cross toolchain– Arm architecture can be compiled in the X86 environment

– Automatically installed with Tizen SDK

• Path : ~/tizen-sdk/tools/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.5

Cross Compile Configure


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• Two Options1. Manual config – Export cross compile information

• export ARCH=arm

• export CROSS_COMPILE=/”SDK PATH”/tizen-sdk/tools/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc-4.5/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-

2. Edit makefile

• Various configuration options for compile or build

• Edit makefile in kernel directory “gedit Makefile”

• Edit ARCH & CROSS_COMPILE

Cross Compile Configure


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• Defconfig– Kernel configuration file

– Position in ./arch/arm/configs/

– Default tizen defconfig is “tizen_defconfig”

• Apply odroid defconfig– make tizen_odroid_defconfig

Apply Defconfig


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• Change kernel config using make menuconfig

Kernel Configuration


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• Temperature problem in tizen default config– The temperature is too high in performance governor

– Change governor from performance to ondemad– CPU Power Management -> CPU Frequency scaling -> Default CPUFreq

governor

Change CPU Governor


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• Support Odroid WiFi module (RTL8192)– Networking support -> Wireless

• Enable 80211 protocol support

– Device Driver -> Network device support -> Wireless LAN

• Wireless device driver config

WiFi Support


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• Enable Bluetooth support for tizen– Networking support > Bluetooth subsystem support

– Bluetooth device drivers

Bluetooth Support


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• Enable Rfkill– Amall userspace tool to query the state of the rfkill switches,

buttons and subsystem interfaces

– Networking support

Bluetooth Support 2


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• Current CPU Driver version does not match with DDK

• Default GPU driver version is changed in latest version– Change from R4P0 to R3P2 version

Change Default GPU Driver [1/3]


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17Change Default GPU Driver [2/3]

-Graphics support

-ARM GPU configuration

-Mali-400 support


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18Change Default GPU Driver [3/3]

Change to R3P2 version

-Select MALI Ver

①

②


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• Make zImage– sudo make zImage –j 4

– Set number of thread “-j 4”

• Typically set about 1.5 times the number of CPU threads

Kernel Build


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• What is device tree– Data structure for describing hardware

– Can be described in a data structure that is passed to the operating system at boot time

– Data structure itself is a simple tree of named nodes and properties

– File organization

• dtsi : platform common

• dts : board specific

• dtb : binary file

Device Tree


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• Make Device Tree– make exynos4412-odroidu3.dtb

• Make final zIamge– cat arch/arm/boot/zImage arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-

odroidu3.dtb > ./zImage

– Created zImage in the root directory of the kernel

Kernel Build


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Building a Tizen platform


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• Three image files– platform.img

– data.img

– ums.img

• • Refer to “Tizen-Platform-Build” (Previous class)

Tizen Platform Image


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Bootloader


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• Download Rpm package– u-boot-2014.10-16.1.armv7l.rpm

http://download.tizen.org/live/Tizen:/Common/arm-wayland/armv7l/u-boot-2015.01-19.3.armv7l.rpm

• Decompress Rpm pakage– rpm2cpio u-boot-2014.07-9.3.armv7l.rpm | cpio –idmv

• Copy u-boot-mmc.bin from ./var/tmp/u-boot to current directory

Tizen u-boot Binary Download

http://download.tizen.org/live/Tizen:/Common/arm-wayland/armv7l/u-boot-2015.01-19.3.armv7l.rpm


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• U-boot bootloader– Boot process

• Rom(In SOC) -> bl1 -> bl2(->uboot.bin)

Additional Binary Download

Need Bl1.bin / bl2.bin


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• Download binary & script – Only signed file can be executed for odroid

• $ wget -q https://github.com/hardkernel/U-Boot/raw/odroid-v2010.12/sd_fuse/bl1.HardKernel

• $ wget -q https://github.com/hardkernel/U-Boot/raw/odroid-v2010.12/sd_fuse/bl2.HardKernel

• $ wget -q https://github.com/hardkernel/U-Boot/raw/odroid-v2010.12/sd_fuse/tzsw.HardKernel

• $ wget -q https://github.com/hardkernel/U-Boot/raw/odroid-v2010.12/sd_fuse/sd_fusing.sh

• Edit sd_fusing.sh – vi sd_fusing.sh

Additional Binary Download

if=../u-boot.bin


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• Check device node after connecting sd reader– ls /dev/sd*

– In general, node is set to sdb

• Set execute permission– chmod +x sd_fusing.sh

• Fusing – sudo ./sd_fusing.sh /dev/sdb

Fusing


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Configuring Partitions & Platform Image Fusing


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• Tizen partition configuration– 7 partitions : mmcblk0p1 ~ mmcblk0p7

– MBR(Master Boot Record) is only supports up to four partitions

Partition Information


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• Use important partitions– Boot, platform, data, ums

Partition Information

PartitionMountPoint

Option Description

/dev/mmcblk0p1 /csa Rw Configuration Saved Area

/dev/mmcblk0p2 /boot Ro Kernel image

/dev/mmcblk0p3 - - Reserved

/dev/mmcblk0p4 /mnt/csc RwCustomer Software Configuration , default language, time, etc.

/dev/mmcblk0p5 / Ro Platform

/dev/mmcblk0p6 /opt Rw Data, App, etc

/dev/mmcblk0p7 /opt/media rw User space


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• Manually set partition by gparted– Install gparted

• sudo apt-get install gparted

– Create partition except first 2mb space

• Space bootloader & MBR

Partition Configuration 1


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Sapce for Uboot


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• Automatic partition setup by using scripts– Create mkpar.sh file


#!/bin/bash

DISK=$1SIZE=`sfdisk -s $DISK`SIZE_MB=$((SIZE >> 10))

BOOT_SZ=128PLATFORM_SZ=2048DATA_SZ=3072let "UMS_SZ = $SIZE_MB - $BOOT_SZ - $PLATFORM_SZ - $DATA_SZ"

BOOT=bootPLATFORM=platformDATA=dataUMS=ums

if [[ $UMS_SZ -le 100 ]]then

echo "We recommend to use more than 4GB disk"exit 0

fi

echo "Label dev size"echo $BOOT" " $DISK"1 " $BOOT_SZ "MB"echo $PLATFORM" " $DISK"2 " $PLATFORM_SZ "MB"echo $DATA" " $DISK"3 " $DATA_SZ "MB"echo $UMS" " $DISK"4 " $UMS_SZ "MB"

MOUNT_LIST=`mount | grep $DISK | awk '{print $1}'`for mnt in $MOUNT_LISTdo

umount $mntdone

echo "Remove partition table..." dd if=/dev/zero of=$DISK bs=512 count=1 conv=notrunc

sfdisk --in-order --Linux --unit M $DISK


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• Set execute permission– chmod +x mkpar.sh

• Execute script with node name– sudo ./mkpar.sh /dev/sdb



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• Use three platform images– platform.img / data.img / ums.img

– Platform.img : 2nd partition

– Data.img : 3rd partition

– Ums.img : 4th partition

• Use dd command– sudo dd if=./platform.img of=/dev/sdb2 bs=512k

– sudo dd if=./data.img of=/dev/sdb3 bs=512k

– sudo dd if=./ums.img of=/dev/sdb4 bs=512k

Image Flash


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• Resolve partition size problem by gparted– Partition size is not displayed properly because entire partition

image

– Use check function of gparted

Partition Resize


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• Perform same work for other partitions

Partition Resize

Displayed properly


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• don’t need to flash kernel image if you use TizenUboot– Copy zImage to 1st boot partition

Kernel Image Copy


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• Kernel modules build & install– Execute in kernel build directory

1. Module build

• sudo make modules

2. Module install

• Make directory

– mkdir platform

• Mount platform partition

– sudo mount /dev/sdb2 ./platform

• Install modules

– sudo make INSTALL_MOD_PATH=./platform modules_install

Kernel Module Copy


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Configure Platform


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• Platform image mount– Make directory for mount

• mkdir platform

– Mount platform image

• sudo mount /dev/sdb2 ./platform

Prepare for Platform Configuration


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• Change mount partition in systemd– Path : ./usr/lib/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants

– Mount special file system & storage

– Delete unused mount service • Csa.mount

• Boot.mount

Mount Option

Edit Edit

Edit


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• Chage mount device name in systemd– Change root partition

• -.mount : /dev/mmcblk0p5 -> /dev/mmcblk0p2

– Change data partition

• Opt.mount : /dev/mmcblk0p6 -> /dev/mmcblk0p3

– Change ums partition

• Opt-usr.mount : /dev/mmcblk0p7 -> /dev/mmcblk0p4

Mount Option


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• Edit fstab– Specify the required mount operations

– Path : /etc/fstab

– Annotating all option

Mount Option


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• Samsung Debug Bridge (Similar function with ADB와)– Can connect ODROID-U3 with Host PC

• Tizen on ODROID-U3:– Need to set SDB daemon.

SDB


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1. Create a script to run before starting SDBD1. Activate Sdb device

– chmod +x pre-sdbd.sh

SDB: Activation [1/3]

#!/bin/bashecho sdb > /sys/class/usb_mode/usb0/funcs_fconfecho 1 > /sys/class/usb_mode/usb0/enablesdbd

/bin/pre-sdbd.sh


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2. Change SDBD service file– Modified so that the script is running in the SDB service


[Unit]Description=sdbdAfter=default.target

[Service]Type=forkingEnvironment=DISPLAY=:0PIDFile=/tmp/.sdbd.pidRemainAfterExit=yesExecStartPre=/bin/bash /bin/pre-sdbd.shExecStart=/usr/sbin/sdbd

[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target

/usr/lib/systemd/system/sdbd.service

script to perform before the start sdbd service

Run after the multi-user.target


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2. SDBD service activation– Select one of the following methods

1) Manual activation

Make a symbolic link to sdbd.service at /usr/lib/system/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants

2) Auto activation

Enter the following command after connecting odroid via UART

- systemctl enable sdbd.service



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• Install USB driver for SDB– Install “SAMSUNG_USB_Driver_for_Mobile_Phones.exe”

Install Device Driver [1/2]


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• Install Uart device driver– Uart Interface driver

– CP210xVCPInstaller_x64.exe

Install Device Driver [2/2]


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Working check


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AC Adapter

Odroid VU Touch

HDMI

AC Adapter

WiFI or Bluetooth

UART

SD Card

USB

Odroid U3


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• Putty Intall– Linux

• Apt-get install putty

– Windows

• http://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/x86/putty.exe

• Putty Config– Linux

– Windows

• Device manager -> Check port number

UART Connection by Putty


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• Caution – Connect HDMI cable after power on

• The following screen output to putty

Odroid Boot


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• When the booting is completed, you can connect to the device vi UART

– Login ID : root

Tizen Platform Login


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• Install sdb– sudo apt-get install sdb

• Connect odroid to PC with the USB cable

• Check that the device has been recognized in vmware

– Connect “Samsung slp” device

SDB Connection 1


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• Check sdb connection– “sdb devices”

– “sdb shell”

SDB Connection 2


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Trouble shooting


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• • Hardware platforms are different

Change Various Settings for Odroid

RD-PQTizen reference phone

Odroid U3

StorageDisplay Input


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• If there is no input for a certain period of time, device enters sleep state

– Can’t use sdb, UART in sleep state

– Activated by pressing the power button

• Disable power-manager.service order to avoid entering entering into a sleep state– Remove symbolic link “power-manager.service” in

/usr/lib/system/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants

• • Or should change the power-manager service

Power Management Features


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• Search source code in gerrit

• Download source code

• Check & change branch

0. Edit Power-manager Service [1/5]


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• Pm_core.c code– Trans_table: operations in power states

– Change action of sleep state from sleep to LCDOFF



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• Build with GBS

• Check package

– Power-manager-1.3.23-9.armv7l.rpm

• Output

– Power-manager-debuginfo-1.3.23-9.armv7l.rpm

• For debug

– Power-manager-debugsource-1.3.23-9.armv7l.rpm

• Source code



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• Copy the package file to odroid via sdb

• Install package

– Uvh : File update

– Force : Force install

– Nodeps : disregard dependency

• Check installed package

• To remove package



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• Use systemctl– Can check the current status of the service that are managed

by the Systemd

– Check power-manager


Service name state descryption


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• Device Dependent X– Is connected to the display on the Xorg

– DDX in the tizen does not operate properly if there is no lcd.

1. Display Output - Xorg DDX [1/2]


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• Replace DDX– File name : exynos_drv.so

• Download : https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3hOqlhVI7BvbkdtNnM5alZlVDQ/view?usp=sharing

– Copy the replacement file to under path• /usr/lib/xrog/module/driver/

• Get sdb root permission & File push– sdb root on

– sdb push exynos_drv.so /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/

• Reboot– sdb shell

– reboot -f

1. Display Output - Xorg DDX [2/2]

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3hOqlhVI7BvbkdtNnM5alZlVDQ/view?usp=sharing


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• With Odroid Vu, touch-coordinate error

• Xorg provides its own touch calibration function– Path : /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/input.conf

– Add calibaration option to InputClass

• Can know the correction values using xinput_calibrator

2. Touch Screen Calibrate [1/2]

Section "InputClass"Identifier "evdev touchscreen catchall"MatchIsTouchScreen "on"MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"Driver "evdevmultitouch“Option "MultiTouch" "10"Option "Calibration" “Calibration Value"

EndSection


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• Xinput_calibrator– Push xinput_calibrator package by sdb push

• Download : https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3hOqlhVI7BvaGlCSldSSmtVYlk/view?usp=sharing

– Install the package with sdb shell• rpm -Uvh --force --nodeps xinput_calibrator

– Generally use this value in Odroid VU• Option "Calibration" "-1 1282 -4 888”

2. Touch Screen Calibrate [2/2]

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3hOqlhVI7BvaGlCSldSSmtVYlk/view?usp=sharing


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• No support on the software key– Need hardware key such as home / back

• Only one hardware keys(GPIO Buttion) in Odroid– Key mappings is required for other input

– Path : ./etc/X11/Xmodmap

– Modifying the values for key button

3. Key Mapping [1/2]

keycode 67 = XF86AudioRaiseVolumekeycode 68 = XF86AudioLowerVolumekeycode 69 = Cancelkeycode 70 = XF86Sendkeycode 71 = XF86Phonekeycode 72 = XF86Stopkeycode 73 = XF86Search


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• Keycode can be checked using xev

– Keyboard input example

– Mapping the desired key• Can use function keys such as F1 ~ F12

• Also you can use GPIO button (power button)

3. Key Mapping [2/2]

keycode


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• WiFi firmware copy– For some devices, the device can load the firmware from

outside in the initialization phase

• Copy rtl8195 firmware to /lib/firmware directory

• In odroid “lib/firmware/rtlwifi/WIFI_FIRMWARE”

• Download : https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3hOqlhVI7BvWFJlQTZzWV84c2c/view?usp=sharing

• Should modify a shell script – /usr/bin/wlan.sh

4. Platform Setting for WiFi [1/2]

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3hOqlhVI7BvWFJlQTZzWV84c2c/view?usp=sharing


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• /bin/echo wlan.sh [start] [stop] [softap] [p2p] [check_hw]– Can support hotspot / WiDi

– Apply only regular net functionality

4. wlan.sh Script [2/2]

#!/bin/shIFACE_NAME=wlan0start(){

/sbin/ifconfig ${IFACE_NAME} up}

stop(){

/sbin/ifconfig ${IFACE_NAME} down}

case $1 in"start")start;;"stop")stop;;*)/bin/echo wlan.sh [start] [stop]exit 1;;esac


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• Scripts for Bluetooth– Path

• /usr/etc/bluetooth

– Required files

• bt-stack-up.sh

– Bluetooth activate

• bt-stack-down.sh

– Bluetooth deactivate

• bt-reset-env.sh

– Reset Bluetooth environment

• bt-set-addr.sh (Use original file of Tizen 2.2)

– Create Bluetooth address

5. Platform Setting for Bluetooth [1/4]


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• Need the device initialization for USB type BT – No separate device-specific initialization is required

5. Bt-stack-up.sh [2/4]

#!/bin/sh

## Script for executing Bluetooth stack#

# Register BT Device

# Set BT address: This will internally check for the file presence/usr/bin/setbd

# Activate BT Devicerfkill unblock bluetooth/usr/sbin/hciconfig hci0 up

# dbus path settingexport DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/app/dbus/user_bus_socket

# Execute BlueZ BT stack/usr/sbin/bluetoothd -d/usr/bin/bluetooth-share &

exit 0

Device activation -> Dbus Settings -> Daemon is running


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775. Bt-stack-down.sh [3/4]

#!/bin/sh

## Script for stopping Bluetooth stack#

# Remove BT device/usr/sbin/hciconfig hci0 downrfkill block bluetooth

# Kill BlueZ bluetooth stackkillall obexd obex-clientkillall bt-syspopupkillall bluetooth-sharekillall bluetooth-pb-agentkillall bluetooth-map-agentkillall bluetooth-hfp-agentkillall bluetoothd

# resultexit 0

Device Disable -> Daemon & Services Stop


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785. Bt-reset-env.sh [4/4]

#!/bin/sh

# BT Stack and device stop/usr/sbin/hciconfig hci0 downrfkill block bluetooth

# Remove BT files and settingrm -rf /opt/data/bluetooth/.bt_pairedrm -rf /var/lib/bluetooth/*

# Initialize BT vconf valuesvconftool set -tf int db/bluetooth/status "0" -g 6520vconftool set -tf int file/private/bt-service/flight_mode_deactivated "0" -g 6520 -ivconftool set -tf string memory/bluetooth/sco_headset_name "" -g 6520 -ivconftool set -tf int memory/bluetooth/device "0" -g 6520 -ivconftool set -tf int memory/bluetooth/btsco "0" -g 6520 -ivconftool set -tf int file/private/libug-setting-bluetooth-efl/visibility_time "0" -g 6520vconftool set -tf bool memory/private/bluetooth-share/quickpanel_clear_btn_status FALSE -g 6520 -ivconftool set -tf bool memory/private/bluetooth-share/opp_server_init FALSE -g 6520 -i

# Remove BT shared memorylist=`ipcs -m | awk '$1==0x0001000 {print $2}'`for i in $listdo

ipcrm -m $idoneipcs -m | grep "0x00001000" | awk '{ print $2 }'

Disable Device -> All Reset


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• Some features and apps, including Bluetooth, cannot be run on a low battery– Odroid has no battery

– Normal battery information is not displayed

6. Battery Problem [1/3]


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• Need to modify battery-related modules in the OAL(OEM Adaptation Layer)



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• Edit Device-manager-plugin-exynos– device_manager_plugin_exynos.c

• Modifying the battery remaining capacity to 100%

• Build & Install– Create Rpm package

– Copy the package to device & install• rpm –Uvh --nodeps --force device-manager-plugin-exynos-0.0.26-

0.armv7l.rpm



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• Tizen Sound System– ALSA : Kernel-level subsystems for sound support

– Pulse Audio : Third-party open-source framework to provide more sound-related functions

• Sound output device are different

• Need to change sound settings – Check sound device

• “aplay –l”

7. Sound Problem [1/2]

Card : 0 / Device : 1


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• Change output device in Pulse Audio setting– path : /etc/pulse/system.pa

– Change output device from hw:0,2 to hw:0,1

7. Sound Problem [2/2]


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• Library installation is required in order to use the OpenGL– Mali-D아

– Download

• https://wiki.tizen.org/wiki/Enable_3D_Acceleration_on_Tizen

8. Install OpenGL Library for 3D Acceleration [1/3]

https://wiki.tizen.org/wiki/Enable_3D_Acceleration_on_Tizen


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• Library Configuration

8. OpenGL Library [2/3]

platform-independent API

Open Graphics Library for Embedded System


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868. Install OpenGL Library [3/3]

• Copy DDK files

– Remove Virtual driver• rpm -e --nodeps opengl-es-virtual-drv

– Install new package• rpm -ivh --force *.rpm

– Sync & reboot• Sync ; reboot - f


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879. Notification Bar Problem [1/2]

• In Quick panel operation, rotation problem occurs

NormalRotation

Forced rotation of 90 degrees


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• • Edit the initialization codes related to rotation angle

– quickpanel/daemon/quickpanel-ui.c

– Comment out some initialization code

9. Notification Bar Problem [2/2]


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89Porting is Completed


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90Remaining Issues

• Movie Player Not Working

• Screen Orientation

• Software key

Documents

Tizen Porting on Odroid U3...2. Change SDBD service file – Modified so that the script is running in the SDB service SDB: Activation [2/3] [Unit] Description=sdbd After=default.target