TM DA Thanh Cong(Leanh

Mc lc

D n TXD T hp vn phng lm vic v nh cho thu ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh, H Ni

MC LC3CHNG I. C S LP D N V S CN THIT U T

1.1. C s lp d n. 341.2. S cn thit phi u t

41.3. Cc thng tin chung ca d n

5CHNG II. HNH THC U T

52.1. Hnh thc u t

52.2. Quy m xy dng

62.3. Hnh thc thc hin d n

62.4. Ngun vn

6CHNG III. A IM XY DNG V HIN TRNG

63.1. a im xy dng

63.2. a cht cng trnh

63.3. a cht thu vn

73.4. Kh hu.

7CHNG IV. GII PHP KIN TRC - K THUT

74.1. Cc ch tiu quy hoch s dng t

74.2. Gii php thit k quy hoch

84.3. Gii php thit k kin trc cng trnh

114.4. Gii php kt cu

264.5. H thng cp in

354.6. H thng cp thot nc

454.7. H thng thng gi v iu ha khng kh

504.8. H thng in nh cho ta nh cao tng v Nh dch v cng cng

574.9. Chng mi cho cng trnh

614.10. Phng chy cha chy

634.11. H thng chng thm

644.12. Gii php u ni h tng

66CHNG V. S B NH GI TC NG MI TRNG

665.1. Mc ch ca bo v mi trng

665.2. C s php l

665.3. Tc ng n mi trng

745.4. Cc bin php gim thiu

825.5. Kt lun v cam kt

84CHNG VI. HNH THC T CHC QUN L

846.1. Hnh thc t chc qun l thc hin d n

846.2. Tin thc hin d n

846.3. Phng qun l khai thc cng trnh

85CHNG VII. VN U T

857.1. C s xc nh vn u t

857.2. Thnh phn ca vn u t:

867.3. Tng hp vn u t:

7.4. C cu vn u t

87CHNG VIII. PHN TCH HIU QU KINH T X HI

878.1. Phn tch hiu qu ti chnh

878.2. Hiu qu kinh t x hi:

88CHNG IX. KT LUN V KIN NGH

D N U T XY DNG

T HP VN PHNG LM VIC V NH CHO THU TI S 5 PH THNH CNG, PHNG THNH CNG, QUN BA NH, H NICHNG I. C S LP D N V S CN THIT U T1.1. Cn c php l Lut xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 ngy 26/11/2003 ca Quc hi kho XI, k hp th 4;

Lut Quy hoch th s 30/2009/QH12 ngy 17/6/2009 ca Quc hi kho XII, k hp th 5;

Ngh nh s 37/2010/N-CP ngy 7/4/2010 ca Chnh ph v lp, thm nh, ph duyt v qun l Quy hoch th;

Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/2/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh;

Ngh nh s 112/2009/N-CP ngy 14/12/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh;

Quyt nh 04/2008/Q-BXD, ngy 03 thng 4 nm 2008 Ban hnh Quy chun k thut Quc gia v Quy hoch xy dng;

Thng t s 02/TT-BXD ngy 5/02/2010 ca B Xy dng v ban hnh Quy chun k thut Quc gia cc cng trnh h tng k thut th;

Quyt nh s 1259/Q-TTg ngy 26/07/2011 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic ph duyt Quy hoch chung xy dng Th H Ni n nm 2030 v tm nhn n nm 2050;

Cc quy nh hin hnh v qun l nh v t ai th.

1.2. Cn c php l ca D n

Quyt nh s 963/Q-UB ngy 06/3/1997 ca UBND thnh ph H Ni ph duyt quy hoch chi tit t l 1/500 khu vc xung quanh h Thnh Cng;

Cn c Quyt nh s 4473/Q-UBND ngy 8/11/2007 ca UBND Thnh ph H Ni v vic cho Tng cng ty u t v Pht trin nh H Ni tip tc thu 7.587,3m2 t ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng, phng Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh tip tc thc hin d n xy dng nh cho thu v vn phng lm vic; Hp ng thu t s 137/HT ngy 27/5/2010 ca S Ti nguyn Mi trng H Ni; Cn c Ngh quyt s 21/NQ-HQT ngy 16/3/2010 ca Hi ng qun tr Tng cng ty u t v Pht trin nh H Ni v ch trng lp cc d n u t xy dng ti mt s l t do Cng ty m - Tng cng ty qun l; Cn c Ngh quyt s 167/NQ-HTV ngy 24/11/2012 ca Hi ng thnh vin Tng cng ty u t v Pht trin nh H Ni v k hoch trin khai D n TXD T hp vn phng lm vic v nh cho thu ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng, Qun Ba nh, TP H Ni; Quyt nh s 5271/Q-UBND ngy 09/11/2011 ca UBND thnh ph H Ni ph duyt iu chnh cc b quy hoch t k hiu s 02 trong Quy hoch chi tit t l 1/500 khu vc xung quanh h Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh, H Ni;

Vn bn s 1446/VQH-T2 ngy 2/12/2010 ca Vin Quy hoch Xy dng H Ni v vic cp s liu HTKT cho cng trnh xy dng trn t ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng, Ba nh, H Ni; Tha thun thot nc phc v lp d n s 604/TNHN ngy 17/5/2012 ca Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin thot nc H Ni; Bin bn tha thun s 2281/BB-EVN HANOI ngy 25/5/2012 ca Tng cng ty in lc TP H Ni v/v cp in cho d n u t xy dng T hp vn phng lm vic v nh cho thu ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng Qun Ba nh TP H Ni; Vn bn s 794/NSHN-KT ngy 29/5/2012 v/v tha thun cp nc d n TXD T hp vn phng lm vic v nh cho thu ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh, H Ni; Cn c Quyt nh s 4021/Q-UBND ngy 12/9/2012 ca UBND Thnh ph v vic ph duyt phng n sp xp li, x l c s nh t thuc s hu Nh nc ca Tng cng ty u t v Pht trin nh H Ni theo Quyt nh s 09/2007/Q-TTg ngy 19/1/2007 ca Th tng Chnh ph;

Cn c Vn bn s 3233/QHKT-P3 ngy 15/8/2014 ca S Quy hoch-Kin trc H Ni v vic chp thun phng n kin trc s b cc cng trnh Bit th cho thu v nh Th dc thm m thuc T hp vn phng lm vic v nh cho thu ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh, H Ni;

1.3. S cn thit phi u tD n u t xy dng cng trnh t hp vn phng lm vic v cn h cho thu ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng, Ba nh - H Ni st ngay H Thnh Cng v Nh vn ha Qun Ba nh, l mt trong nhng v tr quan trng ca Qun Ba nh. Quy hoch tng mt bng v Kin trc ca d n nh hng ln n cnh quan th khu vc.

Vi tm quan trng v v tr ca d n, vic la chn t vn tng thit k sao cho xng tm c ngha quyt nh n s thnh cng ca d n. Kinh nghim ca mt s d n v ang trin khai cho thy, vic s dng t vn nc ngoi c kinh nghim trong khu lp tng mang li mt s thnh cng nht nh bi kinh nghim v s t ph trong t duy lp phng n thit k kin trc s mang li cho d n mt hnh nh hin i, tin nghi, c bn sc v c o. Do vy, s dng t vn nc ngoi trong vic lp quy hoch tng mt bng, ln tng thit k v lp phng n kinh doanh kt hp vi mt n v t vn trong nc c uy tn trin khai lp d n ph hp vi cc quy nh hin hnh v th trng trong nc l s la chn ti u, m bo cht lng v chi ph hp l v em li hiu qu u t ti u cho Ch u t ca d n.1.4. Cc thng tin chung ca d n Tn d n: u t xy dng cng trnh T hp vn phng lm vic v cn h cho thu.

a im: S 5 Thnh Cng, phng Thnh Cng, Ba nh - H Ni. Tn Ch u t: Tng cng ty u t v Pht trin nh H Ni.CHNG II. HNH THC U T2.1. Hnh thc u t

Xut pht t nhu cu thc t, Tng cng ty u t v Pht trin nh H Ni la chn hnh thc u t xy dng d n T hp vn phng lm vic v nh cho thu ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh, H Ni theo quy hoch, Tiu chun v Quy chun Vit Nam hin hnh bng ngun vn t c, vn vay v vn huy ng hp php ca doanh nghip.2.2. Quy m xy dng Quy mSTTNi dungn vGi tr

1Tng din tch t:m27.587,3

a. Din tch t xy dng cng trnh:2.272

- Nh bit th cho thu1.190

- Vn phng lm vic v cn h cho thu900

- Nh th dc thm m182

b. Din tch xy dng sn vn, ng ni b:5.315,3

2Mt xy dng:%30

3H s s dng t:Ln1,57

4Din tch sn xy dng:m211.882

a. Nh bit th cho thu3350

b. Nh th dc thm m532

c. Nh vn phng lm vic v cn h cho thu8000

5Tng cao:Tng3 v 9

6S lng cn h:Cn10 cn bit th v 46 cn h cho thu

7Dn s:Ngi260

Ghi ch: Quy m v s lng cn h cho thu ca cng trnh vn phng lm vic v cn h cho thu cao 09 tng l xut trn c s tun th cc ch tiu quy hoch c ph duyt ti Quyt nh s 5271/Q-UBND ngy 9/11/2011 ca UBND thnh ph H Ni. Trong trng hp phng n kin trc ca cng trnh ny khi c chp thun, s lng cn h c thay i so vi xut nu trn, Ch u t s bo co v trnh iu chnh quy m d n theo quy nh.

Cc hng mc chnh Khu vn phng lm vic v cn h cho thu: 9 tng. Khu nh bit th cho thu: 03 tng. Nh Th dc thm m: 03 tng. Cng trnh kin trc cnh quan xung quanh cng trnh.2.3. Hnh thc thc hin d n

Cn c Lut Xy dng, Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP ngy 12/02/2009 v Ngh nh s 83/2009/N-CP ngy 15/10/2009 ca Chnh ph v Qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh, cn c vo iu kin nng lc ca Ch u t, d n u t xy dng T hp vn phng lm vic v nh cho thu s c qun l thc hin theo hnh thc Ch u t trc tip qun l thc hin d n. 2.4. Ngun vnNgun vn thc hin d n bao gm cc ngun vn sau:

Vn t c ca ch u t. Vn vay tn dng thng mi. Vn huy ng hp php khc.CHNG III. A IM XY DNG V HIN TRNG3.1. a im xy dngKhu t thc hin D n u t xy dng T hp vn phng lm vic v nh cho thu c v tr gii hn nh sau:

Khu vc nghin cu quy hoch nm s 5 Thnh Cng, Ba nh H Ni;

Ranh gii c xc nh nh sau:

+ Pha ng Bc gip ph Thnh Cng;

+ Pha Ty Bc gip Cng vin Thnh Cng;

+ Pha ng Nam gip Cng ty C phn S 3 v Cng ty TNHH u t v pht trin Phng ng;

+ Pha Ty gip Nh vn ha qun Ba nh.

+ Pha Ty Nam gip ng do ven h Thnh Cng.

t c giao thng thun tin, p ng nhu cu lu thng i ni, i ngoi thun li. Nhiu hng tip cn cng trnh, d t chc cc phng n PCCC v cu h khn cp.3.2. a cht cng trnh Cn c vo ti liu kho st a cht phc v thit k3.3. a cht thu vnTi thi im kho st khu vc d kin xy dng tn ti c nc mt v nc di t. Nc mt c ngay trong l t d kin xy dng v cc h thng thot nc gn khu vc kho st. Ngun cung cp ch yu l nc ma v nc thi sinh hot. Nc di t tn ti ch yu trong cc lp t ri. Ngun cung cp ch yu l nc mt, nc ma v nc thi sinh hot. Ti thi im kho st o c mc nc tnh trong cc h khoan dao ng t 1,1 m n 7,5 m.

3.4. Kh hu.Khu vc d n c chung vi ch kh hu ca thnh ph H Ni. Kh hu trong nm c chia lm 2 ma r rt l ma nng v ma lnh:

Ma nng bt u t thng 4 n thng 10. Hng gi ch o l gi ng Nam. Nhit ma ny ln ti 380C - 390C. Ma nng ng thi cng l ma ma tp trung t thng 7 n thng 9. Lng ma trung bnh trong nm l 1470mm;

Ma lnh bt u t thng 11 n thng 3 hng gi ch o l hng gi ng Bc tri lnh hanh kh. Nhit trung bnh ma ny khong 230C, thp nht c lc ti 60C - 80C;

m trung bnh nm l 84,5%;

Bo thng xut hin vo thng 7 n thng 9 hng nm, cp gi mnh t cp 8 n cp 10 v i khi ln ti cp 12.CHNG IV. GII PHP KIN TRC - K THUT 4.1. Cc ch tiu quy hoch s dng t Tng din tch t7.587,3 m2

Din tch xy dng:

2.272 m2

Mt xy dng:

30%

Tng din tch sn xy dng (Phn ni)11.882 m2

H s s dng t:

1,57 ln

Tng cao cng trnh:

3 tng v 9 tng

4.2. Gii php thit k quy hoch4.2.1. Yu cu chung Kho st a hnh, xc nh phm vi ranh gii din tch quy hoch, s kt ni h thng h tng k thut trn c s k tha hp l c s h tng v cng trnh kin trc hin c ph hp vi quy hoch ca thnh ph v a phng.

Xc nh cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut ch yu v s dng t, h tng k thut, yu cu v khng gian, kin trc v cc yu cu khc i vi khu vc thit k.

Lp n quy hoch chi tit 1/500, c th ha mc tiu, nguyn tc v yu cu u t xy dng, xc nh danh mc cc cng trnh cn u t, phn k u t, ngun lc v bin php thc hin.

Quy hoch ph hp vi quy hoch ca Thnh ph tip tc thc hin nhng nh hng xy dng Th theo cc d n pht trin th ph hp vi iu chnh quy hoch chung Th H Ni n nm 2020.

Quy hoch ph hp vi quy hoch ca Thnh ph, yu cu ca Ch u t, tun th cc quy nh hin hnh.

Quy hoch ph hp vi cc iu kin k thut, kh nng v kinh ph u t, ngun cung cp nguyn vt liu, nhn lc ca ch u t, m bo an ton trong khai thc.

Thi gian thi cng nhanh, hon chnh dt im m bo tnh hp dn ca d n cng nh hn ch bin ng gi c vt t, nhn cng.

m bo b cc hi ho, cht ch vi quy hoch ca ton khu.

4.2.2. Quy hoch tng mt bng:

Quy hoch tng mt bng b tr cc cng trnh m bo cc yu cu v khong li, thm m kin trc cng nh tn dng ti a qu t. Xung quanh cng trnh l h thng sn ng ni b, vn hoa cy xanh v cc bi xe, giao thng c t chc m bo cc yu cu v phng chy cha chy.

Hng tip cn cng trnh c quay ra mt ng chnh, m bo cc tip cn cng trnh c hiu qu nht.4.3. Gii php thit k kin trc cng trnh4.3.1. Hnh thc kin trc: Cng trnh c thit k theo trng phi kin trc hin i, c chn la v kt hp hi ho cc mng khi ng nt ph hp vi kin trc v thm m. Hnh thc kin trc ph hp vi chc nng, tnh cht ca cng trnh.

Cc mt ng ca cng trnh c thit k vi hnh khi phong ph kt hp s thay i hnh khi v mu sc to nn s cm th c o.

Khi cng trnh cao tng c thit k mt li k thut ti v tr trung tm ca khi. Cm thang v k thut c b tr nhm hp l quy m s dng theo tiu chun nh , h kt cu ph hp hnh khi kin trc ca ton khi cng trnh.

Ton khi cng trnh s dng nhng ng nt n gin, mch lc v kin trc, s dng vt liu hin i. Thay i v hnh khi trong khng gian gia mng tng c, mng vch knh, to nn s thay i v hnh khi kin trc phong ph. Cc mt ca nh cao tng c thit k ng dng cc mt, to cc gc nhn hp l t mi pha.

4.3.2. Dy chuyn cng nng:

Vi chc nng l t hp vn phng, dch v v cn h cho thu, cng trnh c thit k vi gii php t hp cc khi nh cao 09 tng v 03 tng. Cc khi nh c lin kt vi nhau bi ng ni b trong khu t.a. Cng trnh 1:Cng trnh c thit k c dng hnh ch nht kch thc 20mx45m vi chc nng l khi nh cho thu v vn phng lm vic c tng din tch sn (khng k din tch tng p mi v tng hm) 8000m2. din tch xy dng 900m2,chiu cao tng 9 tng. Tng hm 3: Din tch 1991m, Chiu cao tng 3,4m;

xe

Phng KT

Snh thang my,thang b

Tng hm 2: Din tch 1991m, Chiu cao tng 3,4m;

xe


Tng hm 1: Din tch 1991m, Chiu cao tng 3,4m;

Khu WC

Khu KT

Khng gian dch v


Tng 1: c din tch khong 900m2 c xy cao 4,2m vi chc nng chnh l khng gian vn phng kt hp vi khng gian dch v.

Khng gian vn phng Snh vn phng

Snh dch v

Snh khu cn h


Tng 2: c din tch khong 900m2 c xy cao 4,8m vi chc nng chnh l khng gian vn phng kt hp vi khng gian dch v.


Snh vn phng

Khng gian vn phng

Snh dch v

Khng gian dch v

Tng 3: C din tch sn khong 900 m2 chiu cao tng 3,3m vi chc nng cn h chung c.

Cn h loi A: 3 Phng ng

Cn h loi B: 2 Phng ng

Cn h loi C: 1 Phng ng

Tng 4 n 8: C din tch sn tng in hnh khong 900 m2 chiu cao tng in hnh 3,3m vi chc nng cn h chung c.

Cn h loi A: 3 Phng ng

Cn h loi B: 2 Phng ng

Cn h loi C: 1 Phng ng

Tng 9: c din tch khong 900 m2 chiu cao tng l 3,3m vi chc nng cn h cho thu.

Cn h loi P1:3 Phng ng

Cn h loi P2:3 Phng ng

Tng k thut: B tr cc b cha nc, phng k thut thang my.

b. Cng trnh 2: Vi chc nng bit th v tng din tch sn (khng k din tch tng p mi) 3.340 m2, din tch xy dng 1.190 m2, chiu cao tng 03 tng.

Tng 1 cao 3,6m

Tng 2 cao 3,6m

Tng 3 cao 3,0m

Tng mi cao 2,15 m

c. Cng trnh 3:nh th dc thm m

Tng din tch sn (khng k din tch tng p mi v tng hm) 525 m2, din tch xy dng 182m2, chiu cao tng 3 tng.

4.3.3. T chc giao thng v h thng k thut:

Cc snh ra vo cc khu chc nng c b tr hp l, trnh chng cho cho ngi s dng. Cc nt giao thng chnh ca cng trnh c b tr ti v tr trung tm khi nh m bo c ly phc v. Nt giao thng c bn bao gm 03 bung thang my (trong c 01 bung c kh nng vn chuyn bng ca), 01 thang b v 01 thang thot him, kt hp vi h thng snh tng v hnh lang gia ca cng trnh, m bo thun tin cho qu trnh s dng v cc yu cu v an ton thot ngi khi cng trnh gp s c.

H thng k thut ca cng trnh (in, nc, cc khu v sinh...) c b tr theo trc ng, thun tin trong qu trnh s dng v tit kim kinh ph u t cng nh kinh ph bo tr cng trnh sau ny. 4.3.4. Gii php s dng vt liu: Gii php thit k c s sut nhng m hnh t chc khng gian tng i phong ph pht huy tt cho vic thit k ni tht trn nguyn tc: p ng tt nhu cu s dng theo cc tiu chun qui phm, to c c im cho cc khng gian s dng nh snh trung tm thng mi, khu dch v cng cng hay cn h .

Vt liu mt ng v tng ngoi s dng loi c cht lng tt, mu sc sng, hi ha tnh nng chng thm, chng ru mc v bn mu nhm khc phc vic cc h dn t ci to sn li mt ng gy nh hng n cht lng v thm m cng trnh. Ca tip xc vi mi trng ngoi nh s dng loi knh an ton, khung nha li thp sn mu. Cc chng loi vt liu c nghin cu s dng mt cc k lng trn c s nhng nguyn tc bo m bn cng trnh v pht huy tt nht cht cm b mt xy dng. Phn cng trnh ta nh vn phng v cn h cao 9 tng c p t nhin, mt s phn c p tm hp kim nhm. Mi bng BTCT vi cc lp vt liu chng thm, chng nng.

Vt liu s dng u tin cc vt liu sn c ti a phng kt hp cc vt liu hin i khc m bo u t xy dng cng trnh p ng yu cu cht lng ca Ch u t. Chng loi v quy cch c th ca vt liu s dng cho d n s c n v t vn thit k nghin cu xut trnh Ch u t ph duyt.

Bin bo: Bin bo nguy him

Bin bo c s c

Bin bo hng dn, ch dna. An ton s dng cng trnh:

Cng trnh c b tr 4 mt gip cc trc ng v sn thong, thun tin cho xe cu ho tip cn khi c s c.

Ngun cp nc cha chy l cc b ngm c dung tch m bo, ngoi ra cn thit lp t thm cc tr cha chy ngoi nh cho lc lng cha chy chuyn nghip.

H thng phng chy cha chy t ng: Trang b h thng bo khi, bo nhit t ng cho tng cn h dn tn hiu v trung tm (trc bo v). Trng hp c chy th lc lng ti ch s pht hin ngay im gy chy v dng bnh cha chy, vi nc cha chy c p lc cao ti mi tng dp m chy.

Khi c s c th s dng li thot him l cu thang c ca ngn chy, di chuyn xung tng trt v thot ra ngoi. Tng cng chiu rng li thot him cho mt tng 4,5m thot ngi (khong 120 ngi/tng). Khu tng hm ngoi cc li thot ti cc trc giao thng ca cc l cn c b sung thm li thot trc tip ln sn ca khu .

Cc cu thang thot him c h thng ca chng chy, my tng p kh, m bo khng t khi khi c ho hon nhm m bo an ton cao nht khi thot ngi.

b. An ninh v qun l:

Thit k m bo cho ta nh c an ton v mt s dng. Lc lng trc bo v hot ng di s iu hnh ca ban qun tr chu trch nhim.

Trc bo v 24h/24h ti snh chnh ca nh chnh, t quy trc qun l c cc li ra vo ln cc tng lu. Ban m ch cha mt li ti snh chnh nhm m bo an ton trt t s dng. B phn trc cn c nhim v qun l h thng bo ng, bo chy cho ton nh nhm pht hin s c sm nht x l kp thi.

B phn trc gi xe ti tng hm m bo an ton ti sn xe c cho cc h. Ton b cc li i, cu thang u c b tr d quan st v qun l.

4.4. Gii php kt cu4.4.1. Tng quan v kt cu cng trnh

H kt cu s dng phi c vng chc cao, m bo bn v n nh theo cc quy nh ca Tiu chun xy dng hin hnh. ng thi, h kt cu ny cn phi tha mn cc yu cu v thm m kin trc v cc phng n k thut ca b mn khc nh in, cp thot nc, iu ha thng gi, thng tin.

D n gm cc cng trnh nh sau:a. Nh Bit Th

V tng th, cng trnh nh Bit Th l cc mu nh c 3 tng ni.

H thng kt cu ca cng trnh c chng ti p dng l h kt cu khung sn ton khi.

Kt cu khung b tng ct thp ton khi vi h dm sn c khng nh l gii php kt cu chu lc kinh t v hp l cho cc cng trnh dn dng v cng nghip c p dng trn th gii nhiu nm nay, ph hp vi iu kin v trnh cng ngh ti Vit Nam.

i vi phn mng, chng ti thit k v p dng gii php mng cc p kt hp mng bng cho cng trnh trong s dng h dm mng lm tng n nh v s lm vic ng thi ca h mng to thnh mt h mng hon chnh v bn vng. Vi quy m cng trnh v cu to a cht ti khu vc xy dng, y l mt gii php mng hon ton ph hp, m bo s n nh lu di v an ton cho cng trnh.

b. Nh th dc thm mV tng th, cng trnh nh th dc thm m l khi nh c 3 tng ni. H thng kt cu ca cng trnh c chng ti p dng l h kt cu khung sn ton khi. Kt cu khung b tng ct thp ton khi vi h dm sn c khng nh l gii php kt cu chu lc kinh t v hp l cho cc cng trnh dn dng v cng nghip c p dng trn th gii nhiu nm nay, ph hp vi iu kin v trnh cng ngh ti Vit Nam.

i vi phn mng, chng ti thit k v p dng gii php mng cc p cho cng trnh trong s dng i mng n kt hp h dm mng to thnh mt h mng hon chnh v bn vng. Vi quy m cng trnh v cu to a cht ti khu vc xy dng, y l mt gii php mng hon ton ph hp, m bo s n nh lu di v an ton cho cng trnh.

c. Ta nh vn phng lm vic v cn h cho thuV tng th, cng trnh nh vn phng v cn h cho thu l khi nh c 9 tng ni, 3 tng hm.

H thng kt cu ca cng trnh c chng ti p dng l h kt cu khung sn ton khi kt hp vi vch, li b tng ct thp c b tr ti cc khu vc thang my tng cng cng, tng kh nng chu ti trng ngang cng nh chng xon cho cng trnh.

Kt cu khung b tng ct thp ton khi vi h dm sn c khng nh l gii php kt cu chu lc kinh t v hp l cho cc cng trnh dn dng v cng nghip c p dng trn th gii nhiu nm nay, ph hp vi iu kin v trnh cng ngh ti Vit Nam.

i vi phn mng, chng ti thit k v p dng gii php mng cc khoan nhi cho cng trnh trong s dng i mng n kt hp dm mng to thnh mt h mng hon chnh v bn vng. Vi quy m cng trnh v cu to a cht ti khu vc xy dng, y l mt gii php mng hon ton ph hp, m bo s n nh lu di v an ton cho cng trnh.

4.4.2. Yu cu chung v thit k kt cu cng trnh:

An ton bn vng theo tnh cht ca cng trnh v theo thi gian

m bo cc yu cu v cng nng, thm m, k thut ca cng trnh

Vt liu s dng ph hp vi gii php kt cu v kh thi cho thi cng

Bo m c kh nng chng chy theo quy nh

Tun th cc qui chun qui phm hin hnh

Cp nhp c tnh tin tin hin nay ca th gii

4.4.3. C s thit k

a. Bn v

Phn bn v Kin trc cng trnh.

Phn bn v ca cc b mn in, iu ha, Cp thot nc, Thng tin.

b. Ti liu

Cc Tiu chun, Quy phm p dng trong tnh ton

Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam tp I, II, IIINi dung

TCXDVN 2737 : 1995Ti trng v tc ng-Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 229 : 1999Ch dn tnh ton thnh phn ng ca ti trng gi-Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 375 : 2006Thit k cng trnh chu ng t

TCXDVN 205 : 1998Mng cc -Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 356 : 2005Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp - Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 338 : 2005Kt cu thp-Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 198 : 1997Nh cao tng : Hng dn thit k b tng ct thp ton khi

TCXD 324 : 2004Xi mng xy trt

TCXDVN 5573 : 1991Kt cu gch v gch ct thp-Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 170 : 1989Kt cu thp-Gia cng lp rp v nghim thu-Yu cu k thut

TCXDVN 195 : 1997Tnh ton cc khoan nhi - Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 269 : 2002Cc Phng php th nghim bng ti trng tnh p dc trc

TCXDVN 45 : 75Nn, nh v cng trnh Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 2737 : 1995Ti trng v tc ng Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 375 : 2006Thit k cng trnh chu ng t

TCXDVN 356 : 2005Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 338 : 2005Kt cu thp Tiu chun thit k

TCXD 324 : 2004Xi mng xy trt

TCXDVN 5573 : 1991Kt cu gch v gch ct thp Tiu chun thit k

TCXDVN 170 : 1989Kt cu thp-Gia cng lp rp v nghim thu-Yu cu k thut

TCXDVN 45 : 75Nn, nh v cng trnh Tiu chun thit k

Ti liu tham kho

Cc ti liu, gio trnh, hng dn tnh ton, cu to kt cu trong v ngoi nc

Tuyn tp bo co hi ngh khoa hc xy dng cng trnh trong vng c ng t Vit Nam do B Xy Dng v Hi kt cu v Cng ngh xy dng t chc ngy 24/4/2001. Tiu chun M UBC : 1994,1997

Tiu chun Anh BS 8110 97

Bn phn vng ng t Vit Nam, Nh xut bn Khoa hc k thut, 1991

c. Bo co kho st a cht cng trnh

D n : T Hp Vn Phng lm vic v cn h cho thu ca n v chuyn trch lp

4.4.4. Cc phn mm my tnh s dng trong tnh ton

Chng trnh phn tch kt cu ETABS ver. 9.7.0 (M)

Chng trnh phn tch kt cu SAFE ver.12.1.1(M)

Cc phn mm Microsoff Office : Ecxel, Word

4.4.5. Vt liu s dng:

a. Nh Bit th cho thu*B tng

B tng cc xem bn v chi tit

i vi cc cu kin chu lc bao gm mng, ct s dng b tng cp bn chu nn B15 (tng ng vi M200) vi cc thng s nh sau:

Cng chu nn khi vung(150x150) sau 28 ngy :Bm=200kG/cm2 Cng tnh ton gc chu nn dc trc : Rb = 85 kG/cm2 Cng tnh ton gc chu ko dc trc : Rbt = 7.5 kG/cm2 M un n hi ca vt liu

: Eb = 230000kG/cm2 i vi cu kin chu lc bao gm dm, sn s dng b tng cp bn chu nn B15 (tng ng vi M200) vi cc thng s nh sau :

Cng chu nn khi vung(150x150) sau 28 ngy :Bm =200kG/cm2

Cng tnh ton gc chu nn dc trc : Rb = 85 kG/cm2

Cng tnh ton gc chu ko dc trc : Rbt = 7.5kG/cm2

M un n hi ca vt liu : Eb = 230000kG/cm2

i vi cc cu kin khc (cu thang, b nc, lanh t, ging tng); s dng b tng cp bn chu nn B15 (tng ng b tng M200) vi cc thng s nh sau Cng chu nn khi vung(150x150) sau 28 ngy :Bm =200kG/cm2

Cng tnh ton gc chu nn dc trc : Rb = 85 kG/cm2

Cng tnh ton gc chu ko dc trc : Rbt = 7.5 kG/cm2

M un n hi ca vt liu : Eb = 230000kG/cm2

i vi lp b tng lt nn : s dng b tng dm 4x6 cp bn chu nn B7.5 (tng ng b tng mc M100)

*Ct thp trong b tng

Cc cu kin b tng ct thp ca cng trnh s dng loi thp nh sau

Ct thp trn ( 10 (cm). i vi cng trnh ny, T vn thit k la chn chiu dy sn 15 (cm). Chi tit xem thm bn v

+ Cu kin ng

Cu kin ct tip nhn hu ht ti trng ng (Tnh ti + Hot ti) ca cng trnh v mt phn ti trng ngang. m bo kh nng chu lc v n nh cho cng trnh, T vn thit k tnh ton v xut tit din ct chnh l 300x300mm, 400x400 mm.Chi tit xem thm bn v kt cu

Yu cu v mt s dng

Khi cng trnh a vo s dng, n phi m bo cc yu cu ti thiu ca con ngi sng hoc hot ng trong . Bao gm:

Cng trnh phi m bo n nh di tc dng ca cc ti trng ng : m bo khng ch vng, nt n ca sn, dm trong gii hn cho php.

Cng trnh phi m bo n nh di tc dng ca cc ti trng ngang nh gi, bo, ng t : m bo khng ch vng, nt tng, vch knh trong gii hn cho php. m bo rung lc, chuyn v ngang ca cc tng khng vt qu gii hn cho php.

Yu cu v mt thm m kin trc

Cu kin kt cu phi tha mn cng nng kin trc v tnh thm m ca cng trnh, c th nh sau:

i vi cc sn in hnh tng 1-3 : Chiu cao thng thy ca tng theo tnh ton l 4.8, 3.8 (m) m bo cho hot ng ca con ngi khng b hn ch v m bo tun th theo Tiu chun ra

Yu cu k thut cng ngh ca cng trnhNgoi cc yu cu k trn, cc cu kin kt cu cn phi p ng c cc yu cu v k thut i vi cc phn in, nc, iu ha, thng gi, thng tin sao cho khng nh hng n cng nng yu cu phi c ca chng v s c mt ca cc h thng ny khng nh hng n cng nng, thm m ca cng trnh

c. Nh vn phng lm vic v cn h cho thu*Phn mng

- a cht cng trnh

Nh vn phng v cn h cho thu do n v chuyn trch lp

- Gii php thit k mng cng trnh

Cn c vo quy m, tnh cht, ti trng v iu kin a cht cng trnh, phng n mng s c a ra trn c s m bo tnh k thut, an ton ng thi c cn nhc n iu kin kinh t v tnh kh thi ca phng n. Sau y chng ti xin xut phng n mng la chn nh sau:

S dng phng n Mng i n trn h cc khoan nhi, trong i cc c chng bi h cc khoan nhi (Cc trn D1000 (mm), D1500(mm)) vi mi cc c t vo lp cui si mt on 2.0m. Kh nng chu ti ca mt cc d kin khong 1400T vi cc D1500 (mm).

- Thit k cc cu kin phn ngm

Chiu dy i cc (Hi cc) c la chn ch yu da trn kh nng truyn ti trng t chn ct xung cc v kh nng chng chc thng. Chi tit xem thm bn v i cc.

*Phn thn

- Gii php kt cu

Cng trnh l khi nh 9 tng v 03 tng hm, c kch thc nhp khung in hnh ( Phng X) l 2.745 n 4.55m, bc khung (Phng Y) l 2.57 n 4 m, tng s tng pha trn mt t l 9 tng, chiu cao nh l 32.10 (m). Tng 1 cao 4.2 m, cc tng in hnh cao 3.3m.

Cn c vo tnh cht s dng, qui m v ti trng cng trnh, T vn thit k xut la chn gii php kt cu phn thn cho cng trnh l: H hn hp khung vch - li - sn b tng ton khi ti ch. y l dng kt cu kh ph hp vi qui m cng trnh.

- Thit k cc cu kin phn thn

Da trn cc yu cu c bn sau:

Yu cu v mt chu lc

Cu kin kt cu phi m bo kh nng chu c cc ti trng ng v ti trng ngang (gi bo + ng t) truyn ln cng trnh. C th nh sau:

+ Cu kin ngang

Trong s tnh ton, h sn dm b tng ct thp c gi thit c cng trong mt phng v cng ln, c kh nng phn phi lc ngang cho cc cu kin ng. m bo iu kin ny, chiu dy ti thiu ca sn dsn >10 (cm). i vi cng trnh ny, T vn thit k la chn chiu dy sn 12 (cm). Chi tit xem thm bn v

+ Cu kin ng

Vch, li b tng ct thp l cu kin ng tip nhn ch yu ti trng ngang trong s kt cu (khong 60-70% tng ti trng ngang) v c nhim v truyn mt phn ti trng thng ng (Tnh ti +Hot ti ) ca cng trnh xung mng. m bo cng n nh theo chiu cao cng trnh, T vn thit k la chn b dy vch thang my: d = 300 mm. Chi tit xem thm bn v kt cu.

Cu kin ct tip nhn hu ht ti trng ng (Tnh ti + Hot ti) ca cng trnh v mt phn ti trng ngang. m bo kh nng chu lc v n nh cho cng trnh, T vn thit k tnh ton v xut tit din ct chnh l 600x600mm, 800x800 mm. 900x900mm, 1000x1000mm Chi tit xem thm bn v kt cu

Yu cu v mt s dng

Khi cng trnh a vo s dng, n phi m bo cc yu cu ti thiu ca con ngi sng hoc hot ng trong . Bao gm:

Cng trnh phi m bo n nh di tc dng ca cc ti trng ng : m bo khng ch vng, nt n ca sn, dm trong gii hn cho php.

Cng trnh phi m bo n nh di tc dng ca cc ti trng ngang nh gi, bo, ng t : m bo khng ch vng, nt tng, vch knh trong gii hn cho php. m bo rung lc, chuyn v ngang ca cc tng khng vt qu gii hn cho php.

Yu cu v mt thm m kin trc Cu kin kt cu phi tha mn cng nng kin trc v tnh thm m ca cng trnh, c th nh sau:

i vi cc sn in hnh tng 1-9 : Chiu cao thng thy ca tng theo tnh ton l 4.2, 4.8, 3.3 (m) m bo cho hot ng ca con ngi khng b hn ch v m bo tun th theo Tiu chun ra

Yu cu k thut cng ngh ca cng trnhNgoi cc yu cu k trn, cc cu kin kt cu cn phi p ng c cc yu cu v k thut i vi cc phn in, nc, iu ha, thng gi, thng tin sao cho khng nh hng n cng nng yu cu phi c ca chng v s c mt ca cc h thng ny khng nh hng n cng nng, thm m ca cng trnh

- Tnh ton kt cu

+ S kt cu

Cc khi nh c tnh ton c lp bi chng trnh ETABS v.9.7.0 ca hng CSI (M).

+ Phn mm tnh ton:

Kt cu cng trnh c tin hnh phn tch tng th (3D) bng phn mm phn tch kt cu ETABS Version 9.7.0 . y l chng trnh phn t hu hn chuyn dng cho cng trnh nh dn dng.

Cc tnh nng c bn ca phn mm bao gm :

Tnh ton v thit k kt cu theo m hnh khng gian ba chiu vi cc loi ti trng (Tnh hot ti, ti trng gi bo, ng t )

Gi thit v ng x ca vt liu b tng ct thp : Vt liu lm vic trong giai on n hi tuyn tnh.

Phn tch cc c trng ring ca kt cu : Tn s ring, mode chuyn v tng ng ca m hnh.

Tnh ton v kim tra cng trnh c k n kh ln n hi ca cu kin ng (ct, vch) trong giai on thi cng (Sequential construction case).

Thit k cu kin b tng ct thp theo cc tiu chun : TCXDVN 356-2005, BS8110-97, UBC-97, EURO CORE 2.8 (l c s chp nhn ca tiu chun thit k ng t: TCXDVN 375-2006 Design of structures for earthquake resistance )

Ngoi ra, tnh ton kt cu bn sn, chng ti tham kho chng trnh tnh ton SAFE 12.1.1 cng l mt sn phm ca hng CSI (M) kt hp vi cc bng tnh bng Excel.

Cc iu kin chuyn v, cc iu kin n nh tng th v n nh cc b ca cc cu kin s c tnh ton, kim tra m bo ph hp vi Tiu chun & Qui phm xy dng hin hnh.

4.5. H thng cp in

4.5.1. C s thit k: Cc vn bn ca Tng cng ty in lc Thnh ph H Ni c nu trong phn u ca d n.

H s kin trc.

Mt bng, mt ng, mt ct.

Cng nng tng phng, tng tng v dy chuyn cng ngh trong cng trnh.

4.5.2. Cc tiu chun p dng trong d n

Cng tc tnh ton thit k h thng cung cp in cng nh cng tc lp t, th nghim u phi tun th cc tiu chun, quy phm hin hnh ca ngnh in, ngnh xy dng v cc ngnh c lin quan.

Ngoi ra cn vn dng mt s tiu chun quy nh chung ca hi ng in quc t (IEC) c cng nhn ph hp vi iu kin kh hu m vit nam.

Cc tiu chun c th sau y l c s cho cng tc tnh ton thit k, cng nh cng tc lp t th nghim vn hnh v mua sm thit b phi p ng y tnh nng k thut nu trong h s thit k.

TCVN 7114-1 - 2008 Chiu sng ni lm vic-trong nh.

TCVN 9207:2012 - t ng dy in trong nh v cng trnh cng cng - Tiu chun thit k.

TCVN 9206:2012 - t thit b in trong nh v cng trnh cng cng - Tiu chun thit k.

TCVN 9385:2012- Chng st cho cng trnh xy dng Hng dn thit k, kim tra v bo tr h thng.

TCVN 7447 :2010- H thng lp t in h p.

QP - 4756 - 1989 Quy phm ni t v ni khng cc thit b in.

IEC-60346 Electrical installtion in buildings.

Quy phm trang b in phn I n phn IV ca nghnh in.

11 TCN-18-2006 Quy nh chung - Quy phm trang b in phn I do b cng nghip ban hnh.

11 TCN-19-2006 h thng ng dn in - Quy phm trang b in phn II do b cng nghip ban hnh.

11 TCN-20-2006 Trang b phn phi v trm bin p - Quy phm trang b in phn III do b cng nghip ban hnh.

11 TCN-21-2006 bo v v t ng - Quy phm trang b in phn IV do b cng nghip ban hnh.

4.5.3. Nhu cu s dng in:

a. C s tnh ton cng sut :

Tnh ton cng sut ca cng trnh da trn cc c s yu cu s dng in ca cc phng trong cng trnh.

in chiu sng:

+ Chiu sng cho khu vc vn phng:

300 - 500 lux.

+ Chiu sng hnh lang , snh , khu ph tr:

100 150 lux.

+ Khu vc dch v :

500-700 lux.

+ Khu vc tng hm :

30 50lux.

in cm :

+ Mt cng sut in cm cho khu vc vn phng : 30W/m2.

+ Mt cng sut in cm cho khu vc dch v: 15W/m2.

Ngun in cp cho cng trnh c ly t t h th ca trm bin p v my pht in diesel d phng.

b. Bng tng hp cng sut in cn h cao tng ton nh:

TTTng/t inS lngPtb(kW)H s KsdPtt(kW)Dng in (A)

1Tng 3156.680.845.3481.62

2Tng 4156.680.845.3481.62

3Tng 5156.680.845.3481.62

4Tng 6156.680.845.3481.62

5Tng 7156.680.845.3481.62

6Tng 8156.680.845.3481.62

7Tng 9160.000.848.00108.0

0.7320.0

Tng225.0

8iu ha12250.8180.0

c. Bng tng hp cng sut cc ti u tin:

TTTn ph tiPtb(kW)H s KsdPtt(kW)

1Thang my 1,2,367.60.854.00

2Thang cun67.60.830.00

3T in bm sinh hot30.00.515.00

3T in tng hm 2,318,50.815.00

4T in tng hm 175.00.860.00

5T in tng 175.00.860.00

6T in tng 275.00.860.00

7T in chiu sng hnh lang12.500.810.00

8T in thng gi tng hm62.500.850.00

9Qut tng p cu thang25.0000

10T in bm PCCC55.0000

Tng354

0.8283.2

d. Bng tng hp cng sut khu nh trung tm th thao-cng cng:

TTTn ph tiS lngPtb(kW)H s KsdPtt(kW)

1Trung tm th thao,cng cng01750,860

d.Bng tng hp cng sut khu nh lin k, bit th:


1Bit th, lin k1011.600.780

e. Bng tng hp cng sut chiu sng h tng ngoi nh:


1Chiu sng110110

f. Tng cng sut in ton cng trnh:

Cng sut tnh ton:PTT = 225+180+283+60+80+10 =838 KW.

Tnh chn my bin p cung cp in cho cng trnh:

My bin p phi c kh nng cung cp in cho ton b cc ph ti dng in trong cng trnh, ng thi phi c kh nng ph hp vi vic pht trin ca cc ph ti sau ny.

Stt =Ptt/cos(Trong :

- cos( : h s cng sut, cos(=0,85

Stt=838/0,85 =985,88 kVA

Trn c s tnh ton nh trn, chn trm bin p c dung lng 1x1000kVA cung cp in cho cng trnh. Trm bin p c trang b t in b nhm nng cao h s cng sut cos(.

p ng yu cu cht lng in tnh lin tc v n nh cng trnh s c cung cp in bng 2 ngun: ngun in li thnh ph v ngun in d phng do my pht in igen. Ngun in d phng do my pht in igen 380/220V350kVA-prime t phng my pht in, cp in cho cc ph ti u tin nh: n chiu sng tng hm, hnh lang cu thang, phng kt, thang my, bm cu ho, bm sinh hot ,khi c s c mt in li my pht in d phng Digen 3 pha 350kVA 380V 50HZ s t ng o ngun thng qua b ATS-4P-630A. + Ph ti dng in trong cng trnh gm: chiu sng, cm ly in phc v my tnh v cc thit b di ng cm tay cng sut b.

+ H thng in ng lc gm: Thang my, thang cun, my bm sinh hot, bm cha chy.4.5.4. Phn cung cp v phn phi nguna. Li in ngoi nh:

Li in ngoi nh bao gm :

Tuyn cp chnh gm cc cp li ng Cu/XLPE/DSTA/PVC i t cc t h th ca trm bin p n v tr u vo cng trnh. Sau cp in c lun qua v tr tng vy i trn mng cp n cc t in tng t phng k thut in ti tng hm 1 ca to nh v i vo phng my pht in d phng.

b. Li in trong nh:

T t in tng ti phng k thut in tng hm 1 ca mi n nguyn ca to nh, cc cp in CU/XLPE/PVC s i theo thang cp dc theo trc ng hp k thut in dn ln cc tng cp in cho cc bng in tng.

Li phn phi in s dng dy li ng cch in PVC i t bng in tng theo mng cp dc theo hnh lang v lun trong ng nha i theo kt cu xy dng n cng tc, cm, n v cc thit b dng in khc.

Ti phng k thut in tng tng c b tr cc loi t bng in nh sau:

+ T in tng c trang b my ngt in kiu MCCB v MCB cp in cho cc bng in phng.

+ Bng in ca tng khu vc l loi treo tng , t ti cc v tr thun li, c trang b my ngt in t ng phn phi in chiu sng v cm ca cc khu vc .c. T in phn phi:

Cc t in tng khng ch, bo v v phn phi in cho cc ph ti trong ton cng trnh t ti phng k thut in tng hm 1. Cc t in c thit k theo modul .

Cc t in, bng in tng, bng in phng c ch to trong nc theo dy truyn cng nghip, v kim loi sn tnh in c y cc ph kin g, lp t thit b bn trong nh p t mt, thit b o lng, cp in, cc ni t .v.v. Cc thanh ci l cc thanh ng c tit din ph hp vi tng loi t.

d. Mng in trong nh:

Mng in c thit k cp in p 380/220V 3 pha 5 dy; 1 pha 3 dy ( h TN-S ) dng in xoay chiu tn s 50 HZ. Ton b cc cm in u c cc tip t, tt c cc v thit b bng kim loi khng mang in nh mng cp v thang cp bng kim loi c ni vi dy tip t an ton in.

T cc t in tng n cc bng in tng bng cc ng cp c nh trn mng cp v thang cp bng kim loi.

T cc bng in tng cp n cc bng in tng cn h cp in i trong mng cp c c nh st mt trn. on xuyn tng vo phng cp in c lun trong ng nha cng (32.

T cc bng in phng dy n cc ph ti cui cng l n, cm. Dy c lun trong ng nha cng (16, (20 t ngm trong tng, trn. Ring nhng ni c trn gi ng nha c kp ni st trn b tng.

+ T cng tc n n dng dy PVC(2x1,5).

+ Dy n cm dng dy PVC(2x2,5) + PVC(1x2,5)E.

+ Dy n bnh nc nng dng dy PVC(2x2,5) + PVC(1x2,5)E.

PVC(1x2,5)E : l dy ni vo h dy tip t an ton.

Ngoi ra c th xem chi tit trn tng s phn phi in trong bn v.

4.5.5. Tnh ton chn dy dn, thit b bo v:a. Tnh ton chn dy dn:

Chn theo dng in tnh ton bng nhng cng thc sau:

+ Vi mch nhnh 1 pha: ITT=

+ Vi mch nhnh 3 pha : ITT=.

+ Vi mch chnh 1 pha : ITT=

+ Vi mch chnh 3 pha: ITT=

Trong : P= cng sut t (W).

Kc= H s ng thi.

Up: in p pha.

Ud: in p dy.

Cos : H s cng sut:

(Vi n nung sng, in tr thun Cos =1)

b. Thit b ng ct bo v:

Chn thit b ng ct bo v sao cho tho mn iu kin sau:

Itt < Itb < Id

Trong :

Itt : dng in tnh ton .

Itb : dng in nh mc ca thit b.

Id : dng in cho php ca dy dn m n mang ti.

T t in h th my bin p cp in cho khi chung c dng thanh dn nhm BUSWAY AL-3P-100%N+50%E-65KA cp in cho tng tng.

T t in tng T-ATS cp in cho cc ph ti u tin thuc t in tng 1, t in tng 2, t in tng k thut dng cp rut ng cch in XLPE v bc PVC. Cp in h thng t in thang my, t in bm nc sinh hot, bm cu ha dng cp chng chy FR (tit din xem s phn phi in).

Ti cc tng mi tng t mt t in tng trong phng k thut in cao 1,5 mt so vi ct sn (tnh t tm t in), cp u t thanh BUSWAY vo cc t in tng dng cp rut ng cch in XLPE v bc PVC (tit din xem s phn phi in) cp c c nh trn mng cp trong phng k thut in.

Cp t t in tng n cc bng in cn h dng cp rut ng cch in PVC v bc PVC: CU/PVC(2x10), CU/PVC(2x16) i trong mng cp treo trn.

ng dy trc cp in cho cm in dy rut ng v bc CU/PVC (2x4)mm2 hoc CU/PVC (2x2,5)mm2.

ng dy trc cp in cho n dng dy rut ng v bc CU/PVC (2x2,5)mm2.

Dy t cng tc ra n, qut dng dy CU/PVC (2x1,5)mm2 ko trong ng nha chng chy t ngm trn v tng.

Mng cp dng loi tn t l sn tnh in kch thc (200x100x1,5) cho cc khu vc nm ngang treo trn. Cn trc ng dng thang cp rng 600 sn tnh in mu trng sa.

4.5.6. H thng chiu sngTrong ton cng trnh c nhng dng chiu sng sau:

Chiu sng chung (chiu sng lm vic-chiu sng sinh hot).

* Chiu sng chung: Trong cng trnh ch yu dng hp n hunh quang nh sng ban ngy loi 1 bng 36W, loi 2 bng 36W, n 3 bng 18W c cha phn quang, n downlight ti khu thng mi, snh Nhng ni c trn gi hp n c t m trn. Nhng ni khng c h trn gi hp n c gn trc tip ln trn b tng, cc vn phng h thng chiu sng c thit k theo yu cu ca thit k ni tht.

* Cc khu vc hnh lang, snh, cu thang dng n hunh quang 3 bng 18w, n bn cu bng compact 18w t st trn.

Gara t dng n hunh quang mng ni.* Tt c cc n phng in trong cht kh dng trong cng trnh u l cc loi c km t b.

* H thng in chiu sng c bo v bng cc p-t-mt lp trong cc bng in, iu khin chiu sng bng cc cng tc lp trn tng cnh ca ra vo, li i li, nhng v tr thun li nht.

* Cc n chiu sng s c v cc n bo li ra s c b tr ti tt c cc li ra vo nh: snh chnh, hnh lang, cu thang v mt s khu vc cng cng khc.

4.5.7. Thit b in bo v ng ct v iu khinTrong ton cng trnh c nhng dng chiu sng sau:

Chiu sng chung (chiu sng lm vic-chiu sng sinh hot).

* Chiu sng chung: Trong cng trnh ch yu dng hp n hunh quang nh sng ban ngy loi 1 bng 36W, loi 2 bng 36W, n 3 bng 18W c cha phn quang, n downlight ti khu thng mi, snh Nhng ni c trn gi hp n c t m trn. Nhng ni khng c h trn gi hp n c gn trc tip ln trn b tng, cc vn phng h thng chiu sng c thit k theo yu cu ca thit k ni tht.

* Cc khu vc hnh lang, snh, cu thang dng n hunh quang 3 bng 18w, n bn cu bng compact 18w t st trn.

Gara t dng n hunh quang mng ni.

* Tt c cc n phng in trong cht kh dng trong cng trnh u l cc loi c km t b.

* H thng in chiu sng c bo v bng cc p-t-mt lp trong cc bng in, iu khin chiu sng bng cc cng tc lp trn tng cnh ca ra vo, li i li, nhng v tr thun li nht.* Cc n chiu sng s c v cc n bo li ra s c b tr ti tt c cc li ra vo nh: snh chnh, hnh lang, cu thang v mt s khu vc cng cng khc.

4.5.8. Phng thc lp t thit b in:a. Phn chung:

Thit b lp t trong cng trnh phi mi, ng b, c qui cch v cc c tnh k thut nh m t trong thit k, ph hp vi cc tiu chun v k thut v cht lng nh m t trong thuyt minh k thut phn in ca cng trnh.

cao lp t cc thit b ( so vi mt nn hon thin ) :

+ bng in : 1300mm ( n tim bng in )

+ cng tc : 1300mm ( ring cng tc WC ngi tn tt cao 1000mm).

+ cm in : 300mm

V tr ca t in, bng in ch l tng i, v tr chnh xc s c xc nh ti thc t ( nhng v tr c bit c th iu chnh cao lp t theo yu cu ca bn A theo b tr ni tht c th).

Cc t in tng t trn b xy cch nn nh 0,2 n 0,5m.

Nhn dng cp in theo mu :

+ Cp ng lc :

Cp in 3 pha : pha A - , pha B vng, pha C - xanh thm, trung tnh - en sng hoc trng

Cp in 1 pha :

dy pha - en

Dy trung tnh - en sng hoc trng

Dy ni t thit b c mu vng xanh

+ Cp chiu sng :

pha A -

pha B - vng

pha C - xanh thm

trung tnh - en

dy ni t thit b c mu vng xanh

b. Phn thang cp, mng cp v ng ng:

Khong cch gia cc gi mng cp theo phng ngang khng ln hn 3m.

Khong cch gia cc gi ng lun dy kim loi khng ln hn 2m. Ti nhng v tr ni ng v hp ni gi c t trong phm vi 0,3m tnh t im ni.

ng lun dy c t ct cc ng ng cp hi, nc nng t nht l 300mm. Ti nhng v tr giao ct vi cc ng ng k trn m khng th trnh c th ng lun dy phi c t cch lp cch nhit ca cc ng ng mt khng cch ti thiu l 150mm.

c. Yu cu ni t thit b:

Cc thit b di y phi c ni t bng 2 dy ni t ring r :

+ V ng c trung th, v my pht in, v my bin p.

+ Cc phn kim loi khng mang in ca cc thit b nh v ca t in, b iu khin ng c.

+ Cc bn, b, gi ng ng, ct hoc cc thit b khng c t trc tip hoc ni bng bulng vi gi c ni t.

+ Cc phn bo v dy dn in, cp in nh : ng lun dy bng kim loi, v bc kim loi ca cp in, mng cp, thang cp, thanh dn

Ni r nhnh trn thanh ni t chnh v ni t thit b c thc hin bng cc u ct p p lc.

4.5.9. H thng chng st v ni t

Chng st cho cng trnh s dng loi u kim thu st c sn xut theo cng ngh mi nht, kim thu st pht x sm PULSAR (Php) c bn knh bo v 107m hoc cc hng khc c c tnh k thut tng t. Ch cn s dng 1 kim duy nht lp trn mi, c th bo v chng st nh thng cho cng trnh v cc hng mc ph tr. Dy dn st dng dy ng bn c tit din 70mm2. Kim thu st c ni vi h thng ni t bng hai dy xung.

Dy ni t bng ng dt 25x3mm. Cc ni t bng thp (20, m ng di 2,50m. in tr ni t ca h thng chng st c thit k bo m ( 10 m. Trong trng hp nu in tr sut ca t qu ln, kh m bo c gi tr in tr nu trn th c th s dng ho cht (GEM) lm gim in tr sut ca t, t c gi tr in tr ni t theo yu cu.

H thng ni t an ton cho thit b c thc hin c lp vi h thng ni t chng st. in tr ca h thng ni t an ton phi bo m ( 4 m. Tt c t in, bng in, thit b dng in c v bng kim loi u phi c ni vi h thng ni t ny.

4.5.10. Quy cch thit b v vt liu

Thit b v vt liu a vo cng trnh phi mi, ng b v tun theo cc tiu chun ti thiu v k thut v cht lng.

T in tng v cc bng phn phi in l loi chn b gm khung t lp aptomat v cc thit b khc nh m t trong bn v.

Aptomt dng trong chiu sng dng loi bo v C, Aptomt dng trong ng lc dng loi bo v D.

Cng tc n phi tc ng m v dt khot, c dng in v in p nh mc nh ghi r trong bng lit k thit b.

Cp v dy dn l loi li ng, cch in PVC, in p cch in 600V.

ng lun dy i trong nh l loi ng PVC cng ca SP hoc loi tng ng.

4.6. H thng cp thot nc

4.6.1. Phn cp thot nc mu nh bit th

Ti liu c s

Phn cp thot nc cng trnh cc mu bit th thuc d n T hp vn phng lm vic v nh cho thu ti s 5, ph Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh, thnh ph H Ni c tnh ton thit k da trn cc c s sau:

Lut Mi trng s 29/L-CTN, 1 thng 7 nm 2006.

- Quy chun cp thot nc trong nh v cng trnh 47-1999Q-BXD.

- TCVN 4513:1988 :Cp nc bn trong. Tiu chun thit k.

- TCVN 4474:1987 :Thot nc bn trong. Tiu chun thit k.

- TCXD 33:2006 :Cp nc. Mng li bn ngoi v cng trnh.

- TCXD 7957:2008 :Thot nc. Mng li bn ngoi v cng trnh.

Cc bn v kin trc ca hng mc do cng ty CAD.,JSC lp.b. Phn thot cp nc sinh hot

* Ngun nc.

Ngun nc cp ca cc mu nh bit th c ly t h thng cp nc bn ngoi ca khu vc.

* Cc gii php k thut

S cp nc sinh hot ca khi nh :

Nc sch t mng ngoi B cha nc ngm Bm cp nc Bn cha nc trn mi Cp xung cc thit b dng nc

Nc t b trn mi cp xung cc ng ng chnh, ng nhnh, cung cp cho tt c cc thit b dng nc.

S dng trc ng cp nc cho khu v sinh cc tng

* Tnh ton nhu cu dng nc

+ Nhu cu dng nc sinh hot: 1m3

= 0,2 x 5 = 1 (m3)

Trong

N: tng s ngi m cng trnh phc v, tnh trung bnh c 5 ngi trong 1 mu bit th

qtcsh: tiu chun dng nc, qtcsh = 200 (lt/ngi/ngy)

+ Tng nhu cu dng nc ln nht trong ngy : 1,4m3

= 1 x 1,4 = 1,4 (m3)

Trong

k: h s khng iu ha ngy m ( k = 1,1 1,4), chn k = 1,4

* Dung tch b nc mi v b nc ngm sinh hot

+ Dung tch b nc mi sinh hot: 1m3 Wbm = 100% Qmax/ng (m3)

Trong :

Wbm - dung tch b nc mi

Qmax/ng - Nhu cu ngy dng nc ln nht.

Wbm = 1,4 m3. ph hp vi kt cu mi, s dng 1 bn nc inox c dung tch 1m3.

+ Dung tch b nc ngm sinh hot cho khi nh:3m3

Wbn = 2Qmax/ng (m3)

Wbn = 2 x 1,4 = 2,8 m3

Trong :

Qmax/ng : lng nc sinh hot ngy m ln nht cn dng trong 1 ngy tnh theo s ngi , Qmax/ng = 1,4 m3/ng.

B nc c xy dng bng vt liu gch,b tng c dung tch hu ch 3m3.

* Chn bm

Bm sinh hot

My bm cp nc sinh hot cho cng trnh c bm vi ch t ng nh h thng van in bo cn v trn lp trn b mi v b ngm

H thng bm cp nc ca cc mu nh s dng l bm in

Ch hot ng ca bm : bm hot ng 1 ln mt ngy v bm 1 ln trong vng 30 pht.

Bm c thng s : Qb = 3m3/h; H = 15m.

Chn ng y c ng knh DN32 v ng ht c ng knh DN34, s dng ng nha U.PVC v PPR.

Bm tng p

Do chiu cao hnh hc khng p lc nc cp cho cc WC tng 3, bm tng p c s dng nhm cung cp p lc cn thit cho cc thit b v sinh.

Chn bm tng p c thng s : Qb = 1m3/h; H = 10m.

c. Phn thot nc sinh hot

* Cc gii php k thut thot nc sinh hot

H thng thot nc sinh hot c chia ra 2 loi nh sau sau:

Nc thi quy c l nc ra (nc xm) : t lavabo, nc thu sn, nc thi git raCc loi nc thi ny ch yu l cha cc thnh phn hp cht v c cha Mn, Ca v cc thnh phn hp cht sinh hc l lng kh phn hy.

Nc thi quy c l nc x (nc en): l loi nc thot t x, tiu

Nc ra (nc en) c thu gom bng h thng thot nc ring sau c u ni vi h thng thot nc khu vc ngoi nh (trong trng hp khng c h thng thot nc ring th s u ni vo h thng thot nc chung)

Nc x (nc en) c thu vo h thng b pht x l, sau c u ni vo h thng thot nc khu vc.

Tnh ton ng ng thot nc cn c theo ng lng ca cc thit b v sinh.

Ti tng 1, nc ra c thu t cc trc ng thot nc v u ni vi h thng thot nc thi ngoi nh.

Ti tng 1, nc x c thu t cc trc ng thot nc v u ni vi h thng b pht

* Tnh ton b t hoi

Dung tch b t hoi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

Wbp = 1,5Qmax/ng = 1,4 x 1,5 ( 2,1m3

Trong :

0 Qmax/ng - Lu lng cp nc sinh hot, Qmax/ng = 1,4 m3

Xy b t hoi c xy dng bng vt liu b tng v gch,v tr t b gn khu v sinh thun tin cho thot nc. B c dung tch 3m3.

d .H thng thot nc ma mi:

H thng thot nc ma trn mi c dn theo cc ng ng xung h thot nc ma ca cc mu nh.

Lu lng nc ma tnh ton:

Q = (l/s)

Trong :

F - Din tch thu nc ma

F = Fmi + 0,3 x Ftng (m2)

Fmi - Din tch hnh chiu ca mi (m2)

Ftng - Din tch tng ng tip xc vi mi (m2)

K - H s, K = 2,0

q5 - Cng ma l/s-ha trong thi gian ma 5 pht ti khu vc xy dng cng trnh, q5 = 484,6(l/s.ha)

T kt qu tnh ton, thot nc mi ta chn s b s lng cc ng thot nc ma mi c ng knh D60 c b tr hp l sao cho m bo kh nng thot nc l ti u c th hin c th trn bn v.

4.6.2. Phn cp thot nc Trung tm th dc th thao

a. Ti liu c s

Phn cp thot nc cng trnh Trung tm th dc th thao thuc d n t hp vn phng, dch v v cn h cho thu s 5, ph Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh, thnh ph H Ni c tnh ton thit k da trn cc c s sau:







- Cc bn v kin trc ca hng mc do cng ty CAD.,JSC lp

b. Phn thot cp nc sinh hot

* Ngun nc.

- Ngun nc cp ca Trung tm th dc th thao c ly t h thng cp nc bn ngoi ca khu vc.

* Cc gii php k thut

S cp nc sinh hot ca khi nh :


Nc t b trn mi cp xung cc ng ng chnh, ng nhnh, cung cp cho tt c cc thit b dng nc.

S dng trc ng cp nc cho khu v sinh cc tng

S cp nc b bi

Nc sch t mng ngoi Bm cp nc B bi B lc tun hon Bm cp nc B bi


+ Nhu cu dng nc sinh hot: 2,25m3

= 0,015 x 150 = 2,25 (m3)

Trong

N: tng s ngi m cng trnh phc v, tnh trung bnh c 150 lt ngi trong 1 ngy sinh hot


c, Tng nhu cu dng nc ln nht trong ngy : 3,15 m3

= 2,25 x 1,4 = 3,15 (m3)

Trong



+ Dung tch b nc mi sinh hot: 1m3 Wbm = 100% Qmax/ng (m3)

Trong :

Wbm - dung tch b nc mi

Qmax/ng - Nhu cu ngy dng nc ln nht.

Wbm = 2,25 m3. S dng 1 bn nc inox c dung tch 3m3.

+ Dung tch b nc ngm sinh hot cho khi nh: 5m3

Wbn = 2Qmax/ng (m3)

Wbn = 2 x 2,25 = 4,5 m3

Trong :


B nc c xy dng bng vt liu gch,b tng c dung tch hu ch 5m3

+ Dung tch b nc lc nc tun hon cho b bi :3m3

Wl = 5% Wbb (m3)

Trong :

Wl : dung tch b lc tun hon, m3

Wbb : dung tch hu ch ca b bi, 153 m3

Wl = 7,56 m3, b nc c xy dng bng vt liu gch,b tng c dung tch hu ch 8m3

* Chn bm

Bm sinh hot


H thng bm cp nc ca cc mu nh s dng l bm in

Ch hot ng ca bm : bm hot ng 1 ln mt ngy v bm 1 ln trong vng 30 pht.

Bm c thng s : Qb = 3m3/h; H = 20m.

Chn ng y c ng knh DN32 v ng ht c ng knh DN34, s dng ng nha U.PVC v PPR.

Bm cp nc b bi

S dng bm cp nc cho b bi vi 2 nhim v: bm nc t h thng cp nc bn ngoi cho b bi v bm nc lc tun hon cho v bi

Chn bm tng p c thng s : Qb = 60 m3/h; H = 20m.









Ti tng 1, nc ra c thu t cc trc ng thot nc v u ni vi h thng thot nc thi ngoi nh


* Tnh ton b t hoi


Wbp = 1,5Qmax/ng = 3,15 x 1,5 ( 4,82m3

Trong :

Qmax/ng - Lu lng cp nc sinh hot, Qmax/ng = 3,15 m3

Xy b t hoi c xy dng bng vt liu b tng v gch,v tr t b gn khu v sinh thun tin cho thot nc. B c dung tch 5 m3.




Q = (l/s)

Trong :





K - H s, K = 2,0


T kt qu tnh ton, thot nc mi ta chn s b s lng cc ng thot nc ma mi c ng knh D76 c b tr hp l sao cho m bo kh nng thot nc l ti u c th hin c th trn bn v.

4.6.3. Phn cp thot nc chung c dch v

a. Ti liu c s

Phn cp thot nc cng trnh Chung c dch v t hp vn phng, dch v v cn h cho thu s 5, ph Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh, thnh ph H Ni c tnh ton thit k da trn cc c s sau:







Cc bn v kin trc ca hng mc do cng ty CAD.,JSC lp

b. Phn thot cp nc sinh hot

* Ngun nc.

- Ngun nc cp ca cc mu nh bit th c ly t h thng cp nc bn ngoi ca khu vc.

* Cc gii php k thut

- S cp nc sinh hot ca khi nh :


- Nc t b trn mi cp xung cc ng ng chnh, ng nhnh, cung cp cho tt c cc thit b dng nc.

- S dng trc ng cp nc cho khu v sinh cc tng


+ Nhu cu dng nc sinh hot chung c: 42 m3

= 0,2 x 210 = 42 (m3)

Trong

N: tng s ngi m cng trnh phc v, tnh trung bnh c 5 ngi trong 1 cn h chung c.


+ Nhu cu dng nc sinh hot vn phng: 3,51m3

= 0,015 x 234 = 3,51 (m3)

Trong

N: tng s ngi m cng trnh phc v, din tch vn phng lm vic S = 1166,2m2, tiu chun 5m2/ngi. N =

EMBED Equation.3 234 ngi

qtcsh: tiu chun dng nc q = 15 (lt/ngi/ngy)

+ Tng nhu cu dng nc ln nht trong ngy : 63,714 m3

= (42 + 3,51) x 1,4 = 63,714 (m3)

Trong



+ Dung tch b nc mi sinh hot: 40 m3 Wbm = k(Wh+Wcc) (m3)

Trong :

Wbm- dung tch b nc mi

Wh - Dung tch iu ha kt nc c xc inh theo cng thc

Wh =

EMBED Equation.3 = = 15,9285 m3

Trong :

+ n - s ln m my bm trong ngy, n = 1

+ Wcc - dung tch nc d tr cha chy trong 10 pht tnh ton vi 2 ct cha chy vch tng hot ng ng thi, mi ct c lu lng 2,5l/s, Wcc = 3 m3 Vy th tch b nc mi cn thit l:

Wbm = k x (Wh + Wcc) = 1,3 x (15,9285 + 3) 24,6 m3

k- h s d tr k n phn lng cn y ca b nc mi, k = 1,2-1,3

- Do b nc ngm chim nhiu din tch ca tng hm, trnh lng ph din tch s dng cng cng, bn thit k a ra gii php tng th tch cha b nc mi nhm gim th tch cha ca b nc ngm.

- Wbm = 40 m3. B nc mi c xy bng b tng ct thp.

+ Dung tch b nc ngm sinh hot cho khi nh: 120m3

Dung tch b nc ngm c xc inh theo cng thc sau:

Wbn = (Wh+Wcc) m3

Trong :

Wh = = = 95,571 m3


+ n - s ln ng m my bm bng tay trong ngy (n=1).

+ Wcc : lng nc cha chy vch tng d tr cho 3 gi lin tc (tnh ton vi 2 ct cha chy vch tng hot ng ng thi, mi ct c lu lng 2,5l/s, Wcc = 54 m3 )

Wbn = (Wh+Wcc) = 95,571+ 54 = 149,571 m3

B nc c xy dng bng vt liu b tng ct thp c dung tch hu ch 120m3. Cc b c ni vi nhau bng ng thp .

* Chn bm

Bm sinh hot:


H thng bm cp nc ca khi nh s dng 2 bm in , trong c 1 bm hot ng v 1 bm d phng

Ch hot ng ca bm : bm hot ng 1 ln mt ngy v bm 1 ln trong vng 1 gi

Bm c thng s: Qb = 25 m3/h , H = 65,8m

Chn ng y c ng knh DN90 v ng ht c ng knh DN75, s dng ng thp trng km

Bm tng p:

Bm tng p c s dng cp nc cho tng 7, 8, 9.

- Bm c thng s: Qb = 15 m3/h , H = 32,5m









Ti tng 1, nc ra c thu t cc trc ng thot nc v u ni vi h thng thot nc thi ngoi nh


* Tnh ton b t hoi


Wbp = 0,75 Qmax/ng + 4,25 = 52,0355 ( 52 m3

Trong :

0 Qmax/ng - Lu lng cp nc sinh hot, Qmax/ng = 63,714 m3B t hoi c xy dng bng vt liu b tng ct thp, v tr t b gn khu v sinh thun tin cho thot nc.




Q = (l/s)

Trong :





K - H s, K = 2,0


T kt qu tnh ton, thot nc mi ta chn s b s lng cc ng thot nc ma mi c ng knh D160 c b tr hp l sao cho m bo kh nng thot nc l ti u c th hin c th trn bn v.4.7. H thng thng gi v iu ha khng kh4.7.1. Khi nh cao tng v Nh dch v cng cng:a. C s tnh ton:

TCVN 5687-1992: Thng gi, si m iu tit khng kh. Tiu chun thit k.

TCXD 232 1999: H thng thng gi, iu ho khng kh v cp lnh- Ch to, lp t v nghim thu.

TCVN 6160-1996: Phng chy cha chy. Nh cao tng. Yu cu thit k.

SMACNA: Tiu chun gia cng lp t h thng iu ho khng kh.

TCVN 4088-1985: Cc s liu v thi thit s dng trong thit k xy dng.

ASHRAE Handbook-1999: Tiu chun thit k h thng iu ho thng gi ca hip hi cc nh K thut iu ho thng gi Hoa K.

Nguyn c Li- Hng dn thit k h thng iu ho khng kh. Nh xut bn khoa hc k thut.

Cataloges k thut ca hng iu ho khng kh Daikin, LG, Mitsubishi heavy,...

Cataloges k thut ca hng qut Kruger

Cng trnh c thit k vi h thng iu ha nhit cc b cho khu dch v, thng mi v khi cn h tng 3 n tng 36.

Cng trnh c thit k vi thng s cho iu ho cp 2.

Cc thng s c duy tr trong nh, vi trng thi dao ng nh:

Thng sMa hMa ng

Nhit 24C - 27C22C - 24C

m60 - 75%

60 - 75%

Cc thng s tnh ton bn ngoi nh ly cho khu vc H Ni theo TCVN 4088:1985:

Thng sMa hMa ng

Nhit tN=37,2C8,5C

m=66%=64%

Cng sut in chiu sng:

Khu vc dch v thng mi: 15W/m2 sn

Khu vc cn h: 6W/m2 sn

b. Tnh ton v chn cng sut:

Vi mc ch cng nng s dng ca to nh l khu dch v thng mi, v nh cao tng. Thit k s dng phn mm Trace 700 tnh ton ti nhit v chn cng sut lnh.

c. Phng n thit k:

1. H thng iu ho khng kh

Cn c vo cng nng ca ta nh:

Khu vc vn phng, dch v, thng mi: Thit k s dng my iu ha nhit loi cc b m trn ni ng gi, gii nhit gi cho khu vc dch v thng mi, dn nng c b tr lp t trn tng bn ngoi.

Khu nh : Bao gm cc cn h loi A, B,... thit k s dng my iu ha nhit cc b treo tng, gii nhit gi cho cc phng khch, phng ng mi phng mt b.

2. H thng thng gi:

H thng thng gi cho to nh bao gm cc h thng:

* H thng cp gi ti:

Gi ti c cp vo phng qua cc ca ra vo, ca s v cc khe h.

* H thng thng gi tng hm:

H thng thng gi c thit k nhm to ra s thng thong trong cc khu vc ca tng hm, loi b cc vng kh qun c hi.

Theo tiu chun v sinh, h thng thng gi cho tng hm c thit k m bo c bi s trao i khng kh t 4- 6 ln/h.

Khng kh trong tng hm c ht v y vo h thng ng ng gi lm bng tn trng km i ln tng 1 v thi ra ngoi qua ca louver c li chng cn trng.

* H thng iu p thang thot him:

H thng iu p to ra p sut dng trong khu vc thang thot him, ngn khng cho khi trn vo trong thang khi c chy xy ra, m bo an ton cho con ngi trong qu trnh thot khi to nh. To p sut dng t 25-50Pa khi c ca m.

H thng iu p cu thang thot him cho nh bao gm qut ly tm lp t ti tng k thut, ni vi h thng ng ng dn gi bng tn trng km i trong trc k thut, bn cnh bung thang. Cc ca cp gi c lp trn ng ng cp gi vo bung thang, mi tng s c 1 ca gi.

H thng iu p cu thang thot him c kt ni vi h thng bo chy ca ta nh. Khi c s c chy xy ra, h thng bo chy s cp tn hiu iu khin chy qut tng p cu thang.

e. c tnh k thut h thng iu ha khng kh v thng gi

1. H thng iu ho khng kh

Dn nng:

Loi 1 chiu lnh, gii nhit gi, mi cht lnh R22

V tr lp t: lp t ti khu vc ban cng, hnh lang phi, treo trn tng.

Dn lnh:

Dn lnh loi m trn ni ng gi, loi treo tng, lp t trong phng chc nng.

ng ng dn mi cht lnh:

Vt liu ng dn mi cht lnh: ng ng vi chiu dy theo quy chun.

Bo n ng mi cht bng Amaflex hoc Aeroflex, bn ngoi qun bng Vinyl cch m

Quy cch ng mi cht lnh v bo n:

C NG NG (mm) DY THNH NG (mm) DY BO N (mm)KHU QUANG TREO (mm)

D15.91.0131500

D12.70.6131500

D9.520.6131500

D6.350.6131500

H thng ng thot nc ngng

S dng ng uPVC Class1, bo n bng Amaflex hoc Aeroflex (chiu dy ng bo n 10mm), bn ngoi qun bng Vinyl cch m.

Cc ng ng thot nm ngang phi c dc i=1% theo chiu dng chy. Khng c cc im vng cc b trn cc ng nm ngang.

Ti mi mt khc ngot hoc trn mi mt on ng thng di >3m phi c lp t t thng kh v c li lc chn rc, bn v cn trng

im thot ra phi l thot vo p sut kh quyn.

Lin kt ng ng dn nc ngng t: cc on ng c ni vi nhau bng cc ct, t, mng sng... v nha dn chuyn dng.

Ton b trc ng ng ng thot c c nh bng cc gi hoc coli. Khong cch cc gi hoc colie ph thuc vo ng knh ng.

f. H thng thng gi

1. Thng s k thut thit b thng gi

* Qut ht gi tng hm:

Lu lng: theo thit k Chng loi: qut ly tm

Chc nng: ht gi v y gi

V tr lp t: trong nh



V tr lp t: trong nh

* Qut cp gi tng hm : Lu lng: theo thit k Chng loi: qut ly tm


V tr lp t: trong nh



V tr lp t: trong nh

* Qut iu p cu thang:


Chc nng: y gi

V tr lp t: trong nh


Chc nng: y gi

V tr lp t: trong nh

2. ng ng dn khng kh v s phn phi khng kh:

Phn ny t ra cc yu cu i vi chng loi, cht lng vt liu v cc tiu chun ch to phi p dng trong vic sn xut v cung cp, lp t ng dn kt hp vi cc ph kin v cc g lp.

Vt liu ch to ng ng dn khng kh:

Cc on ng v ph tng ca ng ng dn khng kh lm bng tn trng km do cc lin doanh sn xut trong nc hoc nhp khu. Vt liu phi c chng ch m bo cht lng theo tiu chun BS 3958 1986 hoc cc tiu chun quc t tng ng khc v phi c trnh mu v chp thun trc khi a vo lp t.

Bng chiu dy yu cu ca tn trng km, ng vung:

TTChiu dy ca tn trng kmCnh di ca ng gi

10.6 mmn 500 mm

20.8 mm500 mm - 1000 mm

31.0 mm>1000 mm

Bng chiu dy yu cu ca tn trng km, ng trn:

TTChiu dy ca tn trng kmng knh ca ng gi

10.6 mmn 400 mm

Tt c cc ng ng dn khng kh khi ghp ni vo cc chi tit chuyn ng (Qut thng gi, indoor unit) u phi s dng cc chi tit ng ni mm chng rung.

Cc ming phn phi khng kh

Cc ming phn phi khng kh c hnh dng v kch thc theo thit k c ph duyt v c ch to bng thp en, sn tnh in hoc nhm sn tnh in.

Cc ming phn phi khng kh c lp t theo cc c v cc v tr c th hin trn cc bn v.

Cc ming phn phi khng kh c lp cng vi b van iu chnh lu lng gi thuc loi c nhiu cnh i nhau iu chnh khi lng khng kh cung cp (nu cn). Tc gi ti cc ca gi cp v ht khng vt qu 3m/s v mc ting n ln nht trong phm vi 1.8 m cc ca ra khng vt qu ch tiu ting n c p dng theo tiu chun Vit Nam.

Kt cu treo ng dn khng kh

S lng v kch thc quang treo hoc gi c xc nh t bn v thi cng theo c tnh k thut tiu chun. Mt b quang treo gm 1 thanh gi L, 2 sut ren, v 2 b bu lon n tng ng (i vi quang treo treo vo trn hoc dm b tng).

Khong cch quang treo nh sau (n v mm):

Kch c ngK/c gi treoSut renThp gc

600 6%

Khng c hi vi nc ung v mi trngE.U environment Lic.

U.S EPA State of New York DOH

Cha ChlorideAASHTO T- 260

Khng ho chtASTM C267- 77Chu c mi trng kim/ axit khi

tip xc lin tc trong gii hn PH: 3- 11

Lc:

Thi gianLc nnLc ko

1 ngy1600 psi (11 MPa)320 Psi (2.2 MPa)


7 ngy5800 psi (11 MPa)7300 Psi(5.0 MPa)


4.9.7. Gii php u ni h tng

- Ngun nc cp cho cng trnh l ngun nc t ng ng chy trn cng trnh c trin khai theo quy hoch duyt (Xem chi tit bn v). ng knh ng cp nc vo b DN110.

- Thot nc thi: nc thi tm ra v nc thi x sau khi qua b pht c x vo h thng thot nc khu vc c trin khai theo quy hoch duyt. V tr u ni (xem chi tit bn v).

- Thot nc ma: Nc ma sn ng ni b c thot kt hp vi nc ma mi t trong nh ra h thng thot ma ca khu vc c trin khai theo quy hoch duyt.V tr u ni (xem chi tit bn v)

- Cp in cho trm bin p cng xut u ni theo thit k t ti cc trm bin p (v tr trn mt bng cp in tng th) t cp trung p dng mch vng ca khu vc.

- H thng thng tin lin lc ca ta nh c u ni t trm thng tin lin lc TVT 4500 s. Trm thng tin TTV c u ni t Tng i khu vc.CHNG V. S B NH GI TC NG MI TRNG5.1. Mc ch ca bo v mi trngBo v mi trng c thc hin vi cc mc ch sau:

Phn tch nhng tc ng do cc hot ng ca d n Nh cho thu v vn phng lm vic ti s 5 ph Thnh Cng, qun Ba nh, H Ni c th nh hng n mi trng. Xc nh cc ngun cht gy nhim ti mi trng bn trong v bn ngoi. xut v xy dng cc bin php kh thi hn ch ti mc thp nht nhng nh hng c hi ti mi trng nhm bo v mi trng v pht trin bn vng. Cam kt thc hin ng Lut Bo v mi trng v cc tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng.5.2. C s php l5.2.1. Cc c s php l:

Lut Bo v mi trng Nc Cng ho XHCN Vit Nam do Quc hi kho 11 thng qua ngy 29/11/2005;

Ngh nh 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/8/2006 ca Chnh ph v hng dn thi hnh Lut Bo v mi trng;

Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/9/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v hng dn nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng;

Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic bt buc p dng Tiu chun Vit Nam v bo v mi trng;

Cc tiu chun Vit Nam v bo v mi trng;

Ngh nh s 81/2006/N-CP ngy 09/8/2006 ca Chnh ph v quy nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh v Bo v mi trng.5.2.2. Cc c s k thut:

Thuyt minh D n n u t v H s thit k c s. Cc ti liu thng k v iu kin a l, t nhin, kh tng, tnh hnh kinh t x hi ca khu vc. Cc ti liu v cng ngh x l v gim thiu cht thi (nc, kh v cht thi rn) trong v ngoi nc.5.3. Tc ng n mi trng5.3.1. Hin trng mi trng khu vc d n:

a. Hng thot nc ma:

Tho thun nguyn tc cho h thng thot nc ca d n c thot vo h thng thot nc chung ca Thnh ph. H thng thot nc ma c x l khp kn v v ni qui nh ca khu vc d n, u ni vo h thng that nc ma ca thnh ph.

b. Hng thot nc bn:

H thng thot nc bn c thit k sao cho hng thot nc v khu vc cng that nc bn ca thnh ph. Cht lng nc thi phi m bo cc tiu chun hin hnh v v sinh mi trng ca Vit Nam v h thng thot nc ca cng trnh phi ph hp vi quy hoch h thng thot nc chung ca thnh ph c Th tng chnh ph ph duyt.

c. Phng n thu gom nc thi:

Xy dng tuyn thu gom ni b t cc b pht dn vo tuyn cng chnh, ti cc h ga ch sn trn mng li.

d. Khng kh:

Cc vt bn c nguy c gy nhim khng kh, nhim mi trng phi c x l, c th cc cht thi rn, cc ph thi sinh hot ca cc ta nh chung c u c tp trung vo khu rc qui nh x l, vn chuyn n ni thnh ph qui nh rlm gim thiu cc nguyn nhn gy nhim mi trng trong khu vc d n v cc vng dn c ln cn.

5.3.2. Tc ng n mi trng trong giai on xy dng:5.3.2.1 Ngun gy nhim khng kh

Nhng ngun gy nhim chnh trong qu trnh xy dng l bi t, , cc loi hi kh c hi nh kh SO2, NOx, CO, CO2, cc hp cht hu c bay hi, dung mi hu c pht sinh t cc loi my pht in, my xy dng (my ng cc, my i, my m, my o, my xc, my cn trc, my trn b tng..) cc loi xe vn ti, t cng on phun sn, phun nha ng, nh bng vt liu. Ngoi ra cn c cc loi khi thi, bi kim loi t my ct, my hn kim loi..vv

Trong giai on san nn, s lng my xy dng ln, vic o, vn chuyn t vi khi lng nhiu s gy nhim khng kh trm trng c bit l bi, n v rung.

Trong qu trnh xy dng cc ngun gy nhim khng kh l t kh thi ca cc my xy dng v phng tin vn chuyn.

Kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng, vn chuyn:

Trong hu ht cc cng on xy dng u c s tham gia ca cc phng tin vn chuyn t , nguyn, vt liu. Khi hot ng, cc phng tin giao thng vi nhin liu tiu th l xng, du diesel s thi ra mi trng hm lng kh thi c cc cht gy nhim mi trng ch yu sau: Cacbua hydro, NO2, CO, CO2Mc pht thi cc cht nhim ph thuc vo nhit khng kh, vn tc xe, phn khi ng c, nhin liu, c trng ng c..vv.

Trong giai on xy dng nh my, mt phng tin vn chuyn ra vo khu vc d n kh ln. Theo c tnh ca ch u t, mt phng tin vn chuyn ln nht nh sau:

Xe chy xng ti trng 3,5 tn707.04.50225Trung tm th

555.57.50100ng ln

503.57.50165ng cao tc

Diesel 15 tn7.35.818.21.6369Trung tm th

3.73.024.11.6377ng ln

3.12.419.81.3310ng cao tc

Bng 5.2. Ti lng pht thi nhim do phng tin vn chuyn

Giai onCO

(g/h)HC

(g/h)NOx

(g/h)Bi

(g/h)SO2(g/h)

Xy dng0,1380.0260.0640.0050,09

Nng cht nhim ln nht ti khong cch x(km) t ngun pht thi c th c tnh ton theo m hnh Gause nh sau:

(mg/m3)

Trong :

C: nng cht nhim cc i ti khong cch x (mg/m3)

Q: ti lng cht nhim t ngun thi (g/s)

u: tc gi trung bnh ti khu vc (m/s)

u=0.5 m/s

(z, (y: h s khuch tn cht nhim theo phng z v phng z, c tnh theo thc nghim, gi tr ca h s ph thuc vo n nh ca khng kh v khong cch t v tr tnh ton ti ngun thi.

x: khong cch ca im tnh ton so vi ngun thi, tnh theo chiu gi thi (m)

Vi n nh khng kh ca H Ni l A, p dng m hnh Gausse, nng ca tng cht nhim theo khong cch x(km) c tinh toan v trnh by trong bng 5.3.Bng 5.3. Nng cht nhim theo khong cch-giai on xy dng

x(m)COHCNOXBiSOx

52.1110.4010.9840.0790.139

101.1310.2150.5270.0420.074

150.7810.1480.3640.0290.051

200.5980.1140.2790.0220.039

250.4840.0920.2250.0180.032

300.4050.0770.1890.0150.027

350.3470.0660.1620.0130.023

400.3020.0570.1410.0110.020

450.2660.0500.1240.0100.017

500.2360.0450.1100.0090.016

550.2120.0400.0990.0080.014

600.1910.0360.0890.0070.013

650.1730.0330.0810.0060.011

700.1570.0300.0730.0060.010

750.1430.0270.0670.0050.009

800.1310.0250.0610.0050.009

850.1200.0230.0560.0050.008

900.1110.0210.0520.0040.007

950.1020.0190.0470.0040.007

1000.0940.0180.0440.0040.006

1050.0870.0170.0410.0030.006

1100.0810.0150.0380.0030.005

1150.0750.0140.0350.0030.005

1200.0690.0130.0320.0030.005

1250.0650.0120.0300.0020.004

Bng 5.4: Quy chun Vit Nam QCVN 05:2009/BTNMTSttThng sTrung bnh 1h

(mg/m3)Trung bnh 8h

(mg/m3)Trung bnh 24h

(mg/m3)

1CO3010-

2NO20.2--

3SO20.35-0.125

4Bi l lng0.3-0.2

Hnh 5.1. Biu m phng s pht tn cht nhim theo khong cch

So snh vi QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT, ch c hm lng NOX cao hn tiu chun cho php ti khong cch khu vc d n 25m, cc kh thi t hot ng ca cc phng tin giao thng vn ti cn li nh bi, CO, bi l u thp hn tiu chun cho php. Tuy nhin, bi khng ch pht sinh t khi thi ca ng c m cn pht sinh do bi t mt ng b cun vo khng kh. Qu trnh pht tn bi theo c ch ny ph thuc nhiu vo iu kin v sinh ca cng trng, thnh phn b mt t v iu kin thi tit.

5.3.2.2. Ting n v rung

a/ Ting n

Khi thi cng v xy dng d n ting n pht sinh cng l mt yu t nh hng n mi trng. Ting n pht sinh ch yu t cc phng tin giao thng vn ti, my xy dng, cc ng c, my bm nc v trong vic xy dng vv... Theo kho st nh gi th mc n pht sinh t mt s phng tin giao thng ph bin nh sau:

Phng tinMc m ph bin (dBA)Mc m cc i (dBA)

Xe t ti c trng ti < 3,5 tn85103

Xe t ti c trng ti > 3,5 tn90105

Xe t cn cu90110

My i93115

My khoan 87 90120

My ng ba 1,5 tn70 7587

My trn b tng bng diesel70 7585

My m b tng80 85100

My ca tay80 8295

Do s lng my mc tham gia nhiu cng cng vic xy dng th mc n trung bnh ti khu vc cng trng ph bin gi tr t 85 5 95 dBA, mc n ny s nh hng trc tip n cng nhn ngoi ra cn c th nh hng n khu vc dn c ln cn c bit vo bui m.

b/ rung

Tt c nhng my mc thit b, cng nh cc cng vic pht sinh ra rung ng u phi tun th theo ng Lut v rung ng. cc my gy rung c th l: My trn b tng, my c ng, my ng cc, my ct kim loi, my m b tngvv v cc cng vic ng cc, ph nn, nghin, p. Tuy nhin i vi d n ny cng trnh ch c xy dng vi quy m 1 tng, ch yu l dng h kt cu thp ging v lin kt th mc nh hng do rung ng l khng ng k.

5.3.2.3 Nc thi :

Trong giai on xy dng d n, nc thi pht sinh t cc ngun chnh sau y:

- Nc thi sinh hot: pht sinh t hot ng ca cng nhn xy dng ti khu vc d n.

- Nc chy trn: do nc ma chy trn trn b mt cng trng.Nc thi xy dng: nc thi pht sinh t cc cng on thi cng nh trn va, ti sn nh v.v

a. Nc thi sinh hot

Nc thi sinh hot cha ch yu cc cht l lng, cc cht hu c, dinh dng cc cht ty ra v vi sinh vt. Vi s lng cng nhn d kin trong giai on xy dng ca d n l 90 cng nhn, tng lng nc thi sinh hot pht sinh nh sau:

Tng lng nc sinh hot = 90 x 60 (lit/ngi/ngy) = 5,4 m3/ngy

Theo cc s liu thng k, c tnh nhim ca nc thi sinh hot c cho trong bng sau.

Bng 5.5. c trng nhim cua nc thi sinh hot (ngun HO)

Thng spHBOD5(mg/l)COD

(mg/l)SS

(mg/l)TN

(mg/l)TP

(mg/l)Coliform

(MPN/100ml)

Gi tr6, 5 8,0250500220408107 - 108

- Nc thi sinh hot pht sinh s c dn vo h thng thot nc tm trn cng trng, rnh thot nc tm c ni vi mng li thot nc chung ca thnh ph.

b. Nc ra tri trn b mt

i vi cng trng ang thi cng, b mt cng trng thng c nhiu cn du m vng vi, cht thi, t, ct v.v Khi c ma hoc nc trn, ton b phn cht nhim trn b mt s b cun theo dng nc v i vo cng thi chung. Nu khng c kim sot tt, c bit l vo ma ma, dng thi ny s gy nhng tc ng ng k ti khu vc xung quanh d n.

- Lng trn ng thot nc, gy tc, bi lng.

- Du m c trong nc thi ngn cn qu trnh khuch tn oxy vo nc, lm cn tr lng nh sng truyn qua mi trng nc.

D n c thc hin trn din tch 4003m2, vi lng ma trung bnh hng nm l 133 mm/thng. Do , tng lng nc ra tri trn b mt c tnh nh sau:

Tng lng nc chy trn = 33747 x 0.133 ( 4489 m3/thng

Khng phi ton b lng nc ma ri xung mt cng trng u chy vo h thng thot nc do c qu trnh thm. Lng nc thm vo t ph thuc rt nhiu vo thi gian ma, lng ma v tnh cht, thnh phn ho l ca b mt t.

c. Nc thi trong qu trnh thi cng

Lng nc thi pht sinh trong qu trnh thi cng khng ln (c tnh vi 2-3m3/ngy) tuy nhin n li thng cha cc cht cn b, t ct v c bit l nguyn vt liu xy dng nh sa vi, xi mng do , pH ca nc thi thng cao. Dng thi ny c kh nng gy tc nhim mi trng v tc ng ti h thy sinh ca ngun tip nhn, gy lng cn trn ng thot nc.

5.3.2.4 Cht thi rn

Cht thi rn trong qu trnh xy dng gm cc ngun chnh sau: t sinh ra t cng on o mng; phn tha ca nguyn liu v v bao ng nguyn vt liu v cht thi rn sinh hot.

Mt s dng cht thi rn c th ti s dng cho cc mc ch khc nh g, v bao xi mng, phn cn li cn c thu gom v em i chn lp theo ng quy trnh. Lng t sinh ra t cng on o mng kh ln, tuy nhin, chng li c tn dng hon ton cho cng on san v nng nn ta nh.

Ngoi cht thi rn xy dng cn c mt lng nh cht thi rn sinh hot ca cng nhn. Tng lng cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh l:

0,3 (kg/ngi/ngy) x 90 cng nhn = 27kg/ngy.

Nu lu tr lu, cht thi rn sinh hot s b phn hu k kh v sinh ra cc kh c nh CH4, mecaptan, H2S.

5.3.2.5 Cht thi nguy hi

Cht thi nguy hi trong giai on xy dng gm c: v hp sn, du m thi ca qu trnh duy tu v bo dng thit b, gie lau dinh du m v.v... c nhng cht ny u c tnh c cao v nh hng ln ti mi trng. Tuy nhin, d n c k hoch thu gom v x l c th i vi ngun sinh cht thi nguy hi gim thiu nhim mi trng (c trnh by chi tit trong phn sau).

5.3.2.6 S c mi trng v tai nn lao ng

S c mi trng: Cc kho cha nguyn vt liu, nhin liu (sn, xng, du v.v) l cc ngun c kh nng gy chy n. Khi s c xy ra c th gy ra thit hi nghim trng v ngi v ti sn. H thng in tm thi cung cp cho cc my mc thit b thi cng c th b s c gy thit hi v kinh t hay tai nn lao ng.

Tai nn lao ng: Trong qu trnh thi cng, cc yu t mi trng, cng lao ng, mc nhim c th tc ng xu ti cng nhn thi cng gy chong, ngt. Tai nn cng d xy ra do s thiu thc, thiu cn trng ca cng nhn khi thc hin nhng ng tc cc v tr nguy him (tng cao, lan can, xy lp ngoi nh ). Tai nn cng xy ra trong qu trnh vn chuyn nguyn liu.

5.3.3. Tc ng mi trng trong giai on hot ng ca d n

5.3.3.1 Nc thi

Nc thi pht sinh t hot ng ca cng trnh hu ht ch l nc thi sinh hot. Tiu chun thi c th ly gn ng bng tiu chun 120 lt/ngi/ngy. V vy, lu lng thi t khu hot ng d n hng ngy vo khong 760 m3.

5.3.3.2 Cht thi rn

Khi d n i vo hot ng, ngun cht thi rn pht sinh t hot ng hng ngy ca d n s bao gm:

Cht thi rn pht sinh trong ta nh l cht thi rn sinh hot, rc thi ca khch ra vo khu nh. Thnh phn ca rc thi sinh hot ch yu l rc hu c (pht sinh trong hot ng nh bp) v rc v c nh: giy vn

Ngun thiS lng nginh mcLng pht thi

-Rc thi sinh hot57080,5kg/ngi.ngy2854kg

-Khch ra vo 10000,1100kg

Tng cng2954 kg/ngy

Lng rc thi ny bao gm ch yu l rc thi t qu trnh sa cha xe t, cht hu c qu trnh sinh hot, plastic, giy,

Lng rc ny s c thu gom thng qua h thng ng x rc thi ng knh 45 -50 v rc thi theo ng x rc v phng x rc c cch ly khng tip xc vi mi trng lng rc ny ch yu c k hp ng vi Cng ty mi trng th tin hnh vn chuyn v chn lp bi chn lp hp v sinh ca Thnh ph.

5.3.3.3 Kh thi

Kh thi pht sinh trong khu vc d n l khi thi do qu trnh nu n ca cc h dn, bi v kh thi ca cc my iu ha. Khi d n i vo hot ng th trung bnh mi ngy lng xe my v t ra vo khu vc d n vo khong 2000 lt xe gn my v hn 500 lt t ra vo. Ti lng cht nhim trong khi thi ng c c th c c tnh thng qua bng sau.

Bng 5.6: Tiu chun pht thi cho ng c

Cht nhimXe khchXe butXe tiXe my

CO (g/km)65876712

NO2(g/km)8.510.210.52.5

HC(g/km)6.07.17.15.0

5.4. Cc bin php gim thiu

Vic m bo khng nhim mi trng ca khu vc ny trong giai on thi cng v trong tng lai khi vn hnh khu nh l mt nhim v rt quan trng cn cc cp qun l quan tm ng mc.

Sau khi tin hnh xy dng cng trnh theo ng vi quy hoch c duyt, mi trng xung quanh s c nhng bin i nht nh. Do vy, vic ra cc quy nh c th trong qu trnh thit k v xy dng, cng nh cc bin php qun l mi trng ca ton khu khi i vo hot ng l bin php tch cc nht gim n mc ti thiu nh hng nu trn.

5.4.1 Giai on chun b u t:

Cc nguyn tc chung cn lu :

- Cc loi hnh nh vn phng lm vic trong khu vc ny c c im t gy nhim, vic x l nc thi s c quyt nh sau khi c s kim tra thc s c tnh ca nc thi. Cc bin php k thut c la chn sao cho m bo cc quy nh v mi trng ti a phng. Tuy nhin m bo tnh kinh t, c gng s dng cc bin php vt l nh ng cn thnh b cc h t hoi.

- Cc thit b s c s dng cn c cc dy chuyn cng ngh hp l, hin i v c bin php qun l vn hnh tin tin. C th l chn dy chuyn cng ngh sch v mi trng, nguyn liu t c hi v dy chuyn vn hnh khp kn, t cht thi, hn ch lng ph nguyn vt liu v bo v mi trng.

- Tng cng trnh c th c xy dng trong khu vc ny cn phi c cc gii php gim tc ng c hi n mi trng v m bo vic thc hin cc gii php khi tin hnh xy dng.

- Bo v mi trng nc: H thng thot nc kn thu gom nc ma v nc thi c xy dng thu gom nc v ni tp trung theo quy hoch chung ca qun. Do ton b nc ma v nc thi trong khu vc d n c thu gom vo h thng cng ngm theo ng yu cu k thut m bo v sinh nn khng gy nh hng nhim mi trng nc ngm trong khu vc.

- Bo v mi trng khng kh: Cc thit b c kh thi phi c x l bi, kh c bng cc thit b kh bi, kh c hin i theo cc tiu chun v v sinh v tiu chun kh thi ca Vit Nam.

- Thu gom cht thi rn: Rc thi c thu gom t cc thng rc v vn chuyn bng xe Container chuyn dng n cc a im x l (nu rc hu c) hoc ti c bi chn lp chung ca thnh ph (nu l rc v c). Vic thu gom rc cho tng khu vc trong ton khu l rt cn thit trong d n ny. Tng hng mc cng trnh c phng n thu hi cc ph liu v phn ph thi cn li trong c rc sinh hot s c chuyn n khu x l cht thi rn.

5.4.2 Giai on thc hin u t:

Trong giai on thc hin xy dng, cc thit b thi cng trong qu trnh vn hnh s c tc ng nh hng n mi trng, cc bin php khng ch cc tc ng c hi nh sau:

- Ngay t giai on chun b thi cng, n v thi cng phi c c cc gii php c th cho cng vic bo v mi trng.

- Cc cht thi rn, cc vt liu ph b phi c a ra khi cng trng tp trung vo khu x l chung ca thnh ph.

- Trong khi vn chuyn vt liu, cc phng tin phi c che y cn thn v ti nc khng gy bi trn ng.

- gim n cn kim tra bo dng phng tin thng xuyn v khng ch gi vn chuyn qua cc khu dn c. Cc thit b thi cng c n cao nh my o, my ng cc, my m, my i... khng c php lm vic sau 23 gi.

- Cc gii php thi cng cn c la chn k cng trnh nh hng n mi trng khu vc. Mt s gii php c kin ngh p dng nh:

+ Thi cng v hon chnh cc phn vic trn tng khu vc quy nh, lm gn, dn sch.

+ Trnh vn chuyn vt liu xy dng v ph thi xy dng trong gi cao im. Cc phng tin vn chuyn khng c cht ti qu thng xe v phi c che bt theo quy nh.

+ Khng s dng thit b thi cng qu c bi v chng s gy nhim khng kh v ting n ln.

+ Trong khi thi cng, bi sinh ra t cc cng vic lm t, b tng th c phun nc trn b mt gim bi. Vic trn b tng phi c tin hnh ni cch bit. Cc bin php b sung gim lng bi pht ra bao gm ra ng vo cc khu c cc hot ng xy dng thng xuyn. Vt liu xy dng ri nht l xi mng phi c ng trong xi l kn. Trong mi trng hp, cng trnh cn c lm sch v tr li trng thi t nhin ngay sau khi cng vic kt thc.

+ Trong khi thi cng, cc phng tin my mc gy ting n ln phi hot ng thn trng khi nh hng ti cc khu vc dn c xung quanh. Ti cc khu vc khng bng phng cc phng tin xe vn chuyn phi gim tc gim rung ng v m bo an ton.

+ Khu trn b tng: ban ngy nn b tr ch trn b tng cch i tng b nh hng khong 150m.

+ Cng tc o t c yu cu hn ch hot ng cng mt lc nhiu my v c kh nng gy ting n ln.

5.4.3 Bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng trong giai on quy hoch

Ngay trong qu trnh thit k, quy hoch, D n cn phi tun th nghim ngt cc tiu chun thit k cng trnh gim thiu nhim v tc ng xu ca cng trnh ti mi trng v sc khe con ngi c bit l nhng ngi cng nhn v nhn vin hot ng trc tip trong khu vc ca d n, m bo c iu kin lp t v vn hnh tt cho d n sau ny. Cc tiu chun thit k cng trnh cn c tun th gm:

Quy chun xy dng 1997 theo Quy nh s 628/BXD-CSXD ngy 14/12/1996

Tiu chun thit k cng trnh TCVN 5574- 1995

Tiu chun ti trng v tc ng TCVN 2737-1995

Tiu chun thit k nn nh cng trnh TCXD 45 87

Tiu chun thit k XD TCVN 5578-91

Tiu chun thit k KTCT TCVN 5574 91

Tiu chun thit k kt cu gch TCVN 5573 1991

Tiu chun thit k kt cu thp TCVN 5575 1991

Cc tiu chun thit k ca chuyn ngnh khc nh in, nc, chiu sng

5.4.4 Cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng trong giai on xy dng

5.4.4.1 Gim thiu nhim kh

a. Gim thiu nhim bi:Bi pht sinh ch yu do qu trnh ph d, san nn, xy dng v chuyn tr nguyn vt liu. Trong qu trnh thi cng, nh u t tun th cc nguyn tc sau gim thiu lng bi pht sinh:

Cn c cc tm che ph cho cc phng tin vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, xy dng hng ro hn ch s khuch tn bi ra mi trng xung quanh.

Tin hnh san i vt liu ngay sau khi c tp kt gim s khuch tn bi do tc dng ca gi.

Vo ma kh, c bit l khi c gi mnh, cn thc hin cc bin php phun nc lm m hn ch bi.

Xe c s dng lm phng tin vn chuyn cn t tiu chun ca Cc ng Kim v mc an ton k thut v an ton mi trng. Cn s dng cc my mc thi cng khng qu c gim thiu lng khi thi v nng cht nhim trong khi thi.

Xe c ra vo cng trng cn c v sinh bn t bm trn bnh.

Rc thi trong giai on thi cng, hon thin phi c thu gom x l.

Bi l mt trong nhng c th nhim ca qu trnh thi cng xy dng hn na ngun sinh bi khng phi l ngun im m l ngun mt do , khng c mt phng php no c th gim thiu hon ton lng bi pht sinh. Tuy nhin, nu ch u t thc hin tt cc phng php trn, tng lng bi trong qu trnh thi cng s gim i ng k.

b. Gim thiu nhim do cc khi thi v ting n:Kh thi ch yu l cc cht nh NOx, SOx, CO v.v y l cc thnh phn nhim kh c hi, c bit l i vi cc cng nhn lm vic trc tip trong khu vc. Ch u t p dung hai bin php chu ao sau gim thiu lng kh thi pht sinh trong qu trnh thi cng cng trnh:

Khng s dng xe, my qu c chuyn tr vt liu v thi cng trnh.

Khng chuyn ch hng ha vt qu trng ti quy nh ca xe.

Cc bin php trn nhm t c hiu qu theo QCVN 05:2000/BTNMT, QCVN 06:2000/BTNMT, QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT.

5.4.4.2 .Gim thiu nhim nc

Nc ma chy trn: quy hoch h thng thot nc ma chy trn, b tr cc h ga, b phn tch du v song chn rc cc cht nhim ny khng i vo h thng cng thi chung. hn ch c hiu qu tc ng ca nc ma chy trn cn kt hp vi cc bin php thu gom cht thi rn xy dng, v sinh cng trng v b tr khu vc tp kt vt liu xy dng hp l nhm hn ch s tip xc gia nc ma vi cht thi rn, vt liu xy dng.

Nc thi sinh hot: trong giai on thi cng d n, ch u t p dng cc bin php sau gim thiu tc ng ca nc thi sinh hot ti mi trng xung quanh khu vc d n, gm c:

B tr cc nh v sinh lu ng (03 nh v sinh lu ng) trong khu vc thi cng phc v cho nhu cu s dng ca cng nhn.

B tr khu vc sinh hot ca cng nhn ti mt khu ring bit trong din tch ca d n vi cc ng cp nc v thot nc tm thi dn ti cng thi chung ca thnh ph.

5.4.4.2.1 Gim thiu nhim do cht thi rn:

a. Cht thi rn sinh hot: gim thiu ti a cht thi sinh hot pht sinh trong giai on thi cng cng trnh, ch u t thc hin cc bin php sau:

Hn ch ti a vic t chc cc bp n tp th trong khu vc d n, do , s hn ch c lng nc thi sinh hot v cht thi rn pht sinh.

Thu gom cht thi sinh hot vo cc thng cha rc trong khu vc d n ri kt hp vi Cng ty V sinh v Mi trng th em i x l hng ngy.

Khng thc hin cc hot ng chn lp v t cc cht thi sinh hot ti khu vc d n.

Trang b 02 nh v sinh di ng phc v nhu cu ca cng nhn v kt hp vi Cng ty V sinh v Mi trng th x l lng cht thi sinh ra.

b. Cht thi rn trong xy dng:Cht thi rn xy dng pht sinh ch yu l bao b nguyn vt liu, u mu st, g, do , ch d n s thu gom tn dng trit vo cc mc ch s dng khc trong cng trng hoc tp trung ri bn cho nhng h thu gom ph liu.

c. Cht thi nguy hi:Cht thi nguy hi pht sinh trong cng on xy dng ch yu l du m thi ca cc my mc, thit b thi cng, thng cha sn tha. gim thiu ti a cc tc ng tiu cc ca cht thi nguy hi trong giai on thi cng, ch u t cn thc hin nhng bin php sau:

Gim thiu ti a vic sa cha thit b, my mc trong khu vc d n. B tr ring mt khu vc sa cha vi h thng, thit b thu gom du m thi t qu trnh sa cha, duy tu thit b.

Du m thi khng c php chn lp m c thu gom vo cc bn cha 200 lt ri em i x l theo ng quy trnh.

Thng cha sn cn c tp kt vo ni quy nh v kt hp vi Cng ty Mi trng th em i x l theo ng quy nh.

Cht thi nguy hi c x l theo ng Quy nh 155 v x l v thu gom cht thi nguy hi.

5.4.4.3 Bin php gim thiu tc ng ca ting n:Do khu vc d n nm xa trong khu vc dn c nn trong qu trnh thi cng, ting n gy nhng nh hng ng k ti sinh hot ca ngi dn. V vy, vic hn ch ti a nh hng ca cng tc thi cng i vi sinh hot ca dn c l mt cng tc cn phi c quan tm. Cc bin php sau khuyn khch c p dng gim thiu tc ng ca ting n ti cng nhn v hot ng ti cc khu vc ln cn:

Xung quanh cng trng phi c cc bin hiu thng bo v thi gian v nguyn nhn gy ting n trn an cng chng.

Lp t cc thit b gim ting n cho cc my mc c mc n cao nh my pht in, v.v la chn cc loi my mc c ting n nh, pht huy ng c in v hn ch ng c n.

i vi cng vic gia cng bn thnh phm v thnh phm, nu c pht sinh ting n thi phi c gng thc hin vo ban ngy.

Kim tra mc n rung trong qu trnh xy dng, tnh ton s nh hng ca n ti cc cng trnh xung quanh, t , sp t mt lch lm vic ph hp n t tiu chun cho php theo QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT.

i vi cc cng nhn lm vic trc tip ti hoc gn my mc thit b c n cao, cn b tr cho h cc dng c an ton lao ng ph hp nh nt tai gim ting n.

Xy dng hng ro kn quanh khu vc thi cng ngn bt ting n.

5.4.4.4 Bin php gim thiu cc tc ng khc:

Giao thng i li: C ngi ch huy, bng hng dn i vi xe ra vo cng trng. Lc tan ca, cn phi a ht nguyn vt liu vo cng trng. Cc loi xe tham gia vo thi cng v vn chuyn cn phi pha trong cng trng hn ch n tc giao thng.

Gii php v m quan cng trng: Nghim tc chp hnh bn v b tr mt bng ca tng giai on nhm tp kt vt liu v b tr my mc thi cng. Duy tr tt mt bng thi cng, xp v lu vt liu xy dng gn gng, tin hnh kim tra, duy tr m quan cng trng thng xuyn. C i ng dn dp, v sinh cng trng. t cc bin bo nhc nh mi ngi duy tr m quan ca cng trng.

Sc khe cng ng: m bo cc iu kin v sinh sinh hot nh ln, tri, nc sch, n v cng trnh v sinh. Cng nhn c trang b y cc dng c bo h lao ng (c bit l nhng cng nhn lm vic ngoi tri) trnh s nh hng ca thi tit n sc khe ca h. Thc hin khm sc khe nh k cho cng nhn trnh xy ra dch bnh.

i vi cc vn v an ton lao ng: trong thi cng xy dng vn an ton cn c t ln hng u cho cc cng nhn. Ngoi cc dng c bo h lao ng t tiu chun, cng nhn c hng dn, ph bin quy trnh khi thc hin cc cng vic trn cao, s dng in, s dng my mc v.v hn ch ti a sai st k thut trong qu trnh s dng.

5.4.5 Cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng trong giai on hot ng ca d n

a. Cht thi rn

Rc thi ca D n s c thu gom t ng bng cc h thng thu gom t cao xung thp v s vo khu vc tp trung ti y s p dng cc nguyn l phn tch ti ngun, trong s phn ra cc khu ring bit cha cc loi rc khc nhau v cng nhn thu gom tu theo tng chng loi rc s vo cc khu . Sau tu theo tng chng loi rc, Ch u t s c gii php c th nh sau:

i nhng loi rc thi c th ti ch s (nh giy loi, plastic,...) bn cho cc c s ti ch.

i vi rc thi sinh hot, Ch u t s k hp ng vi Cng ty mi trng th x l hoc vn chuyn v vo bi rc tp trung ca Thnh ph.

i vi rc thi nguy hi: Rc thi nguy hi s c thu gom ring bit v c cha vo phng kn theo

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