Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
To
An easy way to explain the internet is to think of your school computers all linked together into a network that you can put information into and get information out that you and other people in your school have put in.Now imagine that a friend from another school wants to use your information and give you some of hers. You both connect your computers to modems that allow your computers to share information.Other networks can connect to yours and to other networks. This is called inter-networkingor the internet as it became known.It is a way of sending information from one computer to another anywhere in the world using phones or satellites, radio links and a lot of other ways.
In the 1960s a group of researchers working for the USA Government Defence Department invented a computer network that could keep working even if some of the computers were lost or damaged, eg during a war or a natural disaster.It was called the ArpaNet
Over the next 20 years or so big businesses, universities and other researchers joined this network until they made a web of networks that were all linked.Then ordinary people started to use the internet and today there are millions of people all over the world who can use the internet in lots of different ways.
There are two things that you have to be aware of on the internet.1. Keeping your personal details safe. 2. Being aware that people are not always who they pretend to be.
HTML
In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee develops HTML, which made a huge contribution to how we navigate and view the Internet today
WWW
Tim Berners-Lee introduces WWW to the public on August 6,1991. The World Wide Web (WWW) is what most people today consider the "Internet" or a series of sites and pages that are connected with links. The Internet as a whole had hundreds of people who helped developed the standards and technologies that make it what it is today, but without the WWW the Internet would not be as popular and useful as it is today.
The first website at CERN - and in the world - was dedicated to the World Wide Web project itself and was hosted on Berners-Lee's NeXT computer. The website described the basic features of the web; how to access other people's documents and how to set up your own server. The NeXT machine - the original web server - is still at CERN. As part of the project to restore the first website, in 2013 CERN reinstated the world's first website to its original address.On 30 April 1993 CERN put the World Wide Web software in the public domain. CERN made the next release available with an open licence, as a more sure way to maximise its dissemination. Through these actions, making the software required to run a web server freely available, along with a basic browser and a library of code, the web was allowed to flourish.
HTML is a markup language for describing web documents (web pages).HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup LanguageA markup language is a set of markup tagsHTML documents are described by HTML tagsEach HTML tag describes different document content
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <title>Page Title</title></head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
The DOCTYPE declaration defines the document type to be HTML
The text between <html> and </html> describes an HTML document
The text between <head> and </head> provides information about the document
The text between <title> and </title> provides a title for the documentThe text between <body> and </body> describes the visible page contentThe text between <h1> and </h1> describes a headingThe text between <p> and </p> describes paragraph
Using this description, a web browser can display a document with a heading and a paragraph.
HTML HeadingsHTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags:
Example
<h1>This is a heading</h1><h2>This is a heading</h2><h3>This is a heading</h3>
HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag:
Example
<p>This is a paragraph.</p><p>This is another paragraph.</p>
HTML links are defined with the <a> tag:
Example
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a>
Or
<a href=“dojo.html">Carmarthen Coder Dojo</a>
The link address is specified in the href attribute.
Attributes are used to provide additional information about HTML elements.
HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.
The source file (src), alternative text (alt), and size (width and height) are provided as attributes:
Example
<img src="w3schools.jpg" alt="W3Schools.com" width="104" height="142">
<img src=“code.png" alt=“Coding is cool" width=“256" height=“256">
HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.In this example, the <p> element has a title ( Tooltip )attribute. The value of the attribute is "About W3Schools":
<p title="About W3Schools">W3Schools is a web developer's site.It provides tutorials and references coveringmany aspects of web programming,including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, XML, SQL, PHP, ASP, etc.</p>
HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is specified in the href attribute:
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a>
<img src="w3schools.jpg" width="104" height="142">
HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.The filename of the source (src), and the size of the image (width and height) are all provided as attributes:
The alt attribute specifies an alternative text to be used, when an HTML element cannot be displayed.The value of the attribute can be read by "screen readers". This way, someone "listening" to the webpage, i.e. a blind person, can "hear" the element.
<img src="w3schools.jpg" alt="W3Schools.com" width="104" height="142">
HTML <li> Tag<ol> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Tea</li> <li>Milk</li></ol>
<ul> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Tea</li> <li>Milk</li></ul>
Tag Description
<b> Defines bold text
<br> Defines a single line break
<u> Defines text that should be stylistically different from normal text
Your Exercise:Add a tooltip to the paragraph below.Hint: Use a title attribute.
Your Exercise:Change the size of the image below.
Your Exercise:Change the destination of the link .
Check out :-
http://www.codecademy.com/en/tracks/web
And
http://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp
