THREE MAJOR PERIODS IN THE EVOLUTION OF

ENGLISH

To distinguish Old English To cover Middle English Modern English To base on Prefix Suffix Compounding Influence Upper classes Lower classes To borrow To derive Renaissance considerable

1. Відрізняти2. Охоплювати3. Базуватися4. Префікс5. Новоанглійська6. Середня англійська7. Стародавня англійська8. Запозичувати9. Низи10. Значний11. Словоскладення12. Суфікс13. Вплив14. Ренесанс15. Походити16. верхи

To distinguish Old English To cover Middle English Modern English To base on Prefix Suffix Compounding Influence Upper classes Lower classes To borrow To derive Renaissance considerable

1. Відрізняти2. Охоплювати3. Базуватися4. Префікс5. Новоанглійська6. Середня англійська7. Стародавня англійська8. Запозичувати9. Низи10. Значний11. Словоскладення12. Суфікс13. Вплив14. Ренесанс15. Походити16. верхи

THREE MAJOR PERIODSOE - Old English (about 1100) ME – Middle English (1100-1500)Modern English (1500-to the

present)

THREE MAJOR PERIODS

1st- Old EnglishBased on native English words;Old words were given new meanings;New words were formed by adding

suffixes and prefixes;The most influential – Latin;From the 8th century Scandinavians

influenced the English language."Hwæt! We Gardena in geardagum, /

þeodcyninga, þrym gefrunon“ (Listen! This has been told about the

Danes)

The initial page of the Peterborough Chronicle, The manuscript is an autograph of the monastic scribes of Peterborough telling the history of the Anglo-Saxons. The opening sections were likely scribed around 1150 towards the end of the Anglo-Saxon "Old English" period

2nd – Middle English In 1066, William the Conquerer defeated the King

Harold Godwinson and the English forces in the Battle of Hastings. William came from France, and he rewarded many of his supporters with land and titles in England. During this time period, French was the language of prestige, so English incorporated many French words.

The great poet Geoffrey Chaucer wrote in Middle English,

"Whan that Aprill, with his shoures soote / The droghte of March hath perced to the roote / And bathed every veyne in swich licour, / Of which vertu engendred is the flour“

Now this variety of French is called Anglo-French

The image is from the opening of John Mirk's Festial.

Words derived from Latin and Greek due to Renaissance (early Modern English);

Words borrowed from nearly all the languages of Europe;

Today there is American English, British English, Australian English, and Indian English to name just a few. Each of these have their own specific vocabulary and grammars.

3nd – Modern English