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ABSTRACT BOOKINDIAN SCIENCE & ENGINEERING FAIR (INSEF)

INSEF Regional Fair – Sardarshahar, RajasthanDecember 8th, 2013

Conducted By

Cambridge Convent School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

http://cambridgeconventschoolsrdr.com/

in association with

Science Society of Indiahttp://sciencesociety.in

on December 8th, 2013 at Cambridge Convent School, Sardarsahar, District Churu, Rajasthan

(The abstract text provided is exactly as submitted by the participants)INDEX

Project Subject Category (Total) Page Nos.

Behv Science (3) 1 to 3

Energy (11) 3 to 11

Engineering (11) 12 to 23

Environment (7) 24 to 29

Maths (5) 30 to 33

http://sciencesociety.in/

http://cambridgeconventschoolsrdr.com/

Project Code : Behv Sc-01 (Jr) Online ID:400

Title: WRITING PAD FOR THE HANDICAPPEDSubject Category: Behavioural ScienceName: rajesh sharma Std: 7Guide: bajranglal soni School: Seth Sampatramji Dugar School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

The curiosity and inquisitive nature of the individual to probe into the realms of different fields of science, flanked by the uncessing endeavour and guidance of the teachers and the Headmaster, in bringing out the latent talents and the originally of the individual has resulted in the making of writing aid.

Reading alone is not sufficient for the students. It is very important that they also write. Writing once is equal to reading ten times. The device is useful for anyone to write without the assistance of others. One can write even in a running vehicle with the help of this aid.

It is very useful for the Nursery children to know to draw straight lines. This device is also useful for the handicapped to write easily. The students who are suffering from nervous debility can write more smoothly.

Construction and Working

It is very cheap and easy. It is possible to make this at a cost of Rs. 5/- only. Only broken pieces of wood are needed for making this aid. Of course such pieces are available everywhere. So it is easy for all students to make this aid and get themselves trained. Even the students from I to V std. can use this aid to write properly and straightly and with concentration of the mind.

The right wrist is strapped to the smaller board (a) which slides up and down in the slate in board (b) which, in turn, slides to and for along the greaves of the writing board placed on the train compartment table. This arrangement provides plant Y of “elbow-room” for writing and at the same time causes each belt to act simultaneously on both paper and pen, or rather the hand holding the pen. This makes the process as simple as writing on an ordinary table at home. The only unpleasant thing about it is that since the jolts again do not act simultaneously on both wrist and head, you get a jerky picture of what you are writing.

Project Code : Behv Sc-02 (Team) Online ID:428

Title: A Carbon Footprint Calculator for Indian HouseholdsSubject Category: Behavioural ScienceName: Srijon Mukherjee & Kushagra Srivastava Std: 9Guide: Nirja ASchool: Amity International School, Sector-44, Noida, U.P

ABSTRACT:

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The largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from human activities in India is from burning fossil fuels for electricity, cooking, and transportation.In our project, we studied how each of these activities contribute to the overall greenhouse emissions originating from an Indian household to develop a calculator to estimate the carbon footprint of an Indian household based on the following parameters-• location (state)• income• household sizeWe researched Government records available on the internet, and conducted several surveys in our neighbourhood to study the electricity and fuel requirements for households across different income ranges. After collecting the data, we plotted graphs to study the relationship between the carbon emissions with the household income and number of family members (their graphs are shown below as well as our observations). We also developed a method to calculate a location factor based on climate and electricity source, which could be multiplied with the electricity consumption to account for changes in state. To make the factor for electricity source, we obtained data on the types of energy production facilities in different states. Using the ratios of their emission intensities, we developed the factor. To calculate the conversion factor for climate, we collected information on the average temperatures and humidity of the different states. Using that information, we calculated the amount of electricity that would be required to heat or cool the location to the ideal temperature in each season. Finally we used polynomial and piece-wise linear curve fitting techniques to devise a set of functions to calculate the carbon footprint of any Indian household based on location, income, and number of family members. After having obtained the formulae, we incorporated them into a JavaScript and a Flash computer program to make a carbon footprint calculator. We discovered that the carbon footprint increased exponentially with increase in income. Doubling the income increased the carbon footprint by almost 200%. However, household size led to gradual increases and the graph began to flatten near the end. This was probably because the per capita income reduced and thus the living conditions.The formulae that we developed have some limitations. Firstly, they are applicable only to India. Also, they can only calculate the direct footprint not including factors like improper waste disposal and public transport. Another limitation of our formulae is that they are limited to urban households and don't address rural scenarios.

Project Code : Behv Sc-03 (Team) Online ID:430

Title: Portfolio Optimization: Case Study AnalysisSubject Category: Behavioural ScienceName: Pranjal Agrawal & Sunidhi Mittal Std: 9Guide: Mandira BhattacharyyaSchool: Amity International School, Sector-44, Noida, U.P

ABSTRACT:

Indians have limited savings to invest. This project aims at analyzing the variation in growth of portfolio size over a 10 year period due to optimization of the weights of asset classes being held. The report first uses secondary sources such as books, journals, financial dailies and the internet to list out the various asset classes and their characteristics. It also explains the various basic investing concepts required for portfolio optimization. It analyses two real

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life case studies through primary data collection to understand their existing portfolio and to apply portfolio optimization techniques.The first Case study is of a well earning family having a well diversified portfolio. The second is of a teacher whose money is just accumulating in the Savings Bank and is yet to start investing. Portfolios were optimized by leveraging all asset classes and moving investment from low return asset class to high return asset class keeping in mind the associated risk. The difference in portfolio sizes of the old and optimized portfolio after 10 years was 36% and 145% in the first and second case study respectively.The first hypothesis that all kinds of portfolios can be optimized has been proved true by analyzing the optimization of two very varied portfolios. The second hypothesis that an optimized portfolio ensures much more growth of the portfolio than if left untouched has also been proved true. This concept of portfolio optimization can be of practical use not only to individual households but also to corporate and NGO’s.

Project Code : Energy-01 (Team) Online ID:330

Title: MULTIPURPOSE EXERCISE MACHINESubject Category: ENERGYName: abhilasha suthar & nishant Std: 11Guide: bajranglal soniSchool: Meera Niketan Girls School Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

When we do cycling from normal exercise machine then we use our muscular energy .In the process ,the muscular energy is not used in any formative way because we don’t get any out put. That is way, we have developed the multipurpose exercise machine. The design of this model is some different form normal exercise machine .It has a circular wheel , there are some magnets fitted at its circumference. At one side of the circumference of this wheel there is a copper pipe and there are the coils of copper at the other side . there is a gear box in this model to increase rpm.When w e do cycling the wheel moves due to kinetic energy and the magnets fitted at the wheel also move relatively to the pipe. We know that ,around the magnet there is a magnetic field . The passing of magnetic waves through the pipe of copper is called magnetic flux due to the movement in the wheel. In this way eddy current is produced in the pipe of copper according to the low of faraday. The pipe becomes hot due to the eddy current and so dose the water in it also in the same way. The electricity is also produced in the coils of copper with work form and led can be sure or the batteries of the laptops and mobile sets can be charged.

Project Code : Energy-02 Online ID:399

Title: wireless electricity by solar and microwaveSubject Category: EnergyName: ARVIND SINGH RATHORE Std: 11Guide: bajranglal soni School: Seth Sampatramji Dugar School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

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Transmitting electricity wirelessly is a new and attractive technology that is turning heads. The purpose of the project is to determine whether this technology would be practical for consumer use without causing any major interferences and maintaining adequate efficiency.Summary Wireless electricity is not a new technology, but recent advancements in electronics have made the possibility for implementation into the market more likely. It was found that using resonance within the circuitry of the coils yielded higher efficiency and farther distance. Resonance tunes the system to a specific operating frequency, but much like in mechanical resonance with music, electronic resonance creates harmonic frequencies as well. The hypothesis of my experiment was that transmitting electricity will be practical at short distances, but will cause noticeable interferences with RF receivers at the harmonic frequencies. After creating and improving upon my coil designs, I tested my coils using a radio receiver that measured the intensity of the signal in dBμ. Improving the Q of my inductors allowed for me to operate on a smaller bandwidth to achieve more accurate results. I took my inductors to an open space to eliminate as much background noise as possible. I then measured the intensity at thirty-degree intervals around my transmitter, increasing the distance as I went. The data collected seems to show that, even with a very voltage application, transmitting electricity wirelessly would greatly interfere with consumer products that can operate within the harmonic frequencies of the transmitter. Considering the power transfer needed for higher voltage application is much higher than the power in my experiment, wireless electricity might overpower consumers’ radio stations.

Project Code : Energy-03 (Jr) Online ID:403

Title: SOLAR PUMP( NEW INNOVATIVE )Subject Category: EnergyName: NITISH Pareek Std: 7Guide: bajranglal soni School: Basic S.S.. School Gvm

ABSTRACT:We have developed this remarkable equipment that can be used for land irrigation. This uses valuable materials in little quantities and primarily operates on solar energy.

Materials Used

Empty coal-tar drum, concave mirrors, valve pins of cycle tube, rubber pipes, and stand.

There are two holes on the both cross-sectional sides of the closed coal-tar drum (or any other drum of corresponding size), one at bottom side (A) and another at top side (B) as shown in Fig. 5.1. The third hole is on the upper side (C) of the cylindrical surface of the drum. These holes have been made airtight by the valve pins. Two rubber pipes are fitted with the side valve pins to make it airtight. One tube has been fitted with the valve pin on the top of the drum. The drum is coated with black color and kept in the sunlight. This would help in absorbing more solar energy by the water stored in drum.

While keeping the drum in sunlight, sucking pipe B is dipped into a water resource (tank/pond/well) and the delivery pipe (A) is made airtight. The upper passage C becomes free when the valve tube is removed. The equipment is placed at a slightly higher location.

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The outlet passage C is made airtight by fixing the tube after being heated for some hours in sunlight. The drum may be heated quickly by focusing the sunlight o n it through the concave mirrors as shown in Fig. 5.1.

The hot drum being kept in the sunlight heats the air inside. The hot air passes out through the upper outlet. After few hours, a tube is fitted to the valve pin to make it airtight. The drum gradually gets cooled (after sunset) resulting in the compression of inside air that remains into the drum. Thus, the air pressure inside the drum is reduced. This results in the rise of water level in the sucking pipe B, whose one end is immersed within the water inside the drum. Thus the water may be sucked outside from the water-filled drum. The water level inside the drum may be replenished through the delivery pipe A as shown in Fig. 5.1. In this case, the pump once started by the solar energy delivers water to the field continuously. For domestic use, when we wish to lift water from a well to a high-rise building, the drum is placed on the top of the building. Firstly, the drum is completely filled in the above-described manner and then the tube must be removed from the upper passage. When the tube is removed there is no supply of water from the well into the drum. Due to the air pressure on the water inside the drum, water is released through the delivery pipe A (at a higher position than the well), till the drum becomes empty. Thereafter, it is required to make the drum full by starting the pump once again. In this case, the pump is needed to be started again and again according to use.

The sucking of water into the empty drum is due to greater air pressure on the outside container (drum) than the air inside the drum. It happens due to explosion of air by heating o n sunlight. The delivery of water from drum through the pipe is due to height of hydraulic equilibrium.

A drum of 11 cm in length and 8.5 cm in diameter having volume of 149.6 cc can release 18 litres of water per hour rough a pipe of 0.6 cm diameter. 149.6 cc volume of air inside the empty drum is heated by sunlight within 2 to 3 hours and sucks water and delivers 18 litres of water per hour. This equipment may be developed and may be used for irrigation by farmers in rural areas where the supply of electricity is poor.

Such a “solar water pump” is operated without consuming any electricity and required very little financial expenditure. The portability of this model is also an additional feature.


Title: THE GREEN MICROGYM-Conserving Electricity Through Weightlifting

Subject Category: EnergyName: SHRAMIK RAWAL & MUDIT GUPTA Std: 9Guide: HEMLATHA R. KUMARSchool: Amity International School, Sector-44, Noida, U.P

ABSTRACT:

We have built an indigenous green microgym to be used in Urban and Rural India. As we know that there are special dynamos which have the ability of converting the physical energy into electricity. We have used this principle in our Green microgym. Though its usage is complicated, we have tried to analyse its steps. Hence people may not loose only calories and does their daily exercise to maintain their fitness but also play a major role in sourcing

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Electricity through movements in Gym.We have tried to convert the dynamo working principle where the physical energy of the people who work out on the various gym equipment. The force generated creates a motion in the dynamo which simultaneously by its movement (i.e. RPM – revolution per minute) generates larger Rotational Speed Gain through a lower RPM. The two pulley connected by belt to this dynamo is connected to the electromagnetic field. When the magnetic flux changes through closed loop connection then an electromotive force (i.e. E.M.F.) is induced in the loop. This EMF is used to produce electric current which is the induced current. The idea is to rotate the coil in the magnetic field and induce current. Thus, people while doing the exercise may not loose only calories but also contribute in generating electricity through other resources. This is mode of running the gym by human energy.The Second storage is in battery or direct usage depending on equipment, magnitude and conversion techniques Useful output is charge batteries for later use and electrical energy which is used instantaneouslyFor Example we can charge lead storage battery, nickel cadmium battery, nickel metal hydride battery and lithium ion battery by passing the current produced by microgym.Energy efficiency percent = 100% useful output / total input from source.Thus the gym is unique in creating its own energy through members workout. We tried to make a model of our own green gym on the given lines with innovative ideas for rural workout which could be used extensively in our country since India’s 80% population lives in village applying the above Physics principles, we can build up a innovative dynamo for the same.


Title: Make Your Own Solar PanelSubject Category: EnergyName: Anirudh Roy & Srijan Kumar Std: 9Guide: Mrs. Soma SinghSchool: Amity International School, ite-3 meerut road, Ghaziabad

ABSTRACT:

Our project is based on the principle of the P-N junction present in the LED. By using the properties of this P-N juction we have created a solar panel by joining various LED's. It uses the same principle of solar panel. Till now we have been ableto light up a 18 LED used torch (by using an LED panel). Our aim is to recharge lithium battery. Once done, we have a product with which all of us students can make our solar panel and recharge lantern with our pocket money. We intend to increase our current output by using a parabola mirror in the future, which will give more concentrated light on LEDs enhancing current output from LED panel.


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Title: FREEZOMAN- An innovative cooling device. Subject Category: EnergyName: Siddhant Bhambri & Rahul Chowdhary Std: 10Guide: Mrs. Nidhi SehgalSchool: Amity International School, Saket, New Delhi- 19

ABSTRACT:

SYNOPSIS OF THE PROJECT FREEZOMAN (zero energy cooling device)

INTRODUCTION- It has generally been observed that maintaining of low temperature of things and transporting a cold food material for instance, is a huge task. The primary aim of this project was to develop an energy efficient, cost effective and reliable refrigerator like cooling device that will not only save energy but will help the general masses to save the environment, without compromising on the level of comfort. It does not require any special place to keep, and maintainence costs are negligible. This project was undertaken out of need to provide an alternative to those who want cooling like conventional refrigerators but do not have the resources to purchase such a sophisticated device.

WORKING- This project, FREEZOMAN, works on the simple concept of endothermic dissolution between water & some particles, which readily absorb heat from the chambers inside the Freezoman and provide a cooling effect. As shown further, the cooling provided for a small area which can be designated as a cold storage, is relatively more efficient than that of a refrigerator.(We have used urea in our experiment)

After performing a series of experiments with various amounts of solute particles and water, it was concluded that Freezoman gave better cooling (at an average temperature drop of 14 Degree Centigrade) than an average refrigerator (which normally gives the temperature drop of 6 Degree Centigrade in same time interval).

After performing the series of experiment for this project, FREEZOMAN it is concluded that it gives better cooling & also saves energy which can be further used for other fruitful purposes. Besides, since we've used urea, it can also be used as a fertlizer, thus enhancing the viability of FREEZOMAN in almost every place and situation.


Title: Cost effective solution for alternate power in Rural IndiaSubject Category: EnergyName: Kritin Gupta & Aman Agarwal Std: 10Guide: Ms. Divya AsriSchool: Amity International School, Sector-44, Noida, U.P

ABSTRACT:

The design is a passive solar ventilation system, which means they are non-mechanical. Examples of mechanical ventilation include whole-house ventilation that uses fans and ducts to exhaust stale air and supply fresh air. Through convective cooling principles, our design allow cool air in while pushing hot air from the inside out. Designed based on the fact that hot

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air rises, they reduce unwanted heat during the day and exchange interior (warm) air for exterior (cool) air.

The design is typically made of a black, hollow thermal mass with an opening at the top for hot air to exhaust.Inlet openings are smaller than exhaust outlets and are placed at low to medium height in a room. This cost effective alternate power source employs convective currents to draw air out of a building. By creating a warm or hot zone with an exterior exhaust outlet, air can be drawn into the house ventilating the structure.

When hot air rises, it escapes through the exterior exhaust outlet, either to the outside or into an open stairwell or atria. As this happens, an updraft pulls cool air in through the inlets.Another opening at the bottom of the house that allows air from outside the house to enter the design and rise upwards hence rotating the turbine to produce electricity. thus the same design could ventilate and produce electricity cheaply. The idea is ideal for India as it requires a warms temperature (average temperature is 22 degree C )

Project Code : Energy-08 (Jr) Online ID:444

Title: LOW COST LOW POWER PORTABLE PERSONAL AIR CONDITIONER

Subject Category: EnergyName: NISHANT NARAIN Std: 8Guide: SHUBHAM CHAKRABORTYSchool: AMITY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL SECTOR-1

VASUNDHARAABSTRACT:

Our motto is simple.Why to cool the entire room, every nook and corner, every wall and the roof, when all one needs is to cool oneself to sleep properly.

We have simply redesigned the way an air-cooler-cum-conditioner should work. It is so light that it can weigh less than 10 kg when fully laden. It is personal.

It can cool one person (with modifications 3 people) and create a temperature drop of over 6 degrees (experimentally found) with reference to the room temperature.

It uses innovative solutions to problems like de-humidification and cooling the system.

Net power consumption is less than 200 watts which includes both active and passive power consumption. It can cool in summers and heat up people in winters.


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Title: TABLE LIGHT-CUM WATER HEATERSubject Category: EnergyName: aman sharma & rajan soni Std: 11Guide: bajranglal soni School: Cambridge Convent School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

Many sources of energy goes wasted without proper utilisation unaware of our knowlegde. One such source of energy is the heat energy produced from the table lamp while it is kept on. This table-light-cum-watr heater is a device which utilize both the forms of energy viz, heat and light.

Heat energy produced by the bulb which also gives light energy is employed for the heating of water. In a short span adequate quantity of hot water can be prepared using this device. Black body radiation principle is also involved in this device. Students gain the knowledge of proper utilization of heat and light energy and also understand the tecnique of black body radiation.

This is a simple table-lamp in which the cover of table lamp is made of PVC tube of 5mm diameter. The PVC tube is a flexible one and it is wound over the bulb in the form of a shade (cover) for the table lamp. Each circle of the shade made by PVC tube should be tied up with a simple rope. Care is taken while winding the PVC tube such that the PVC tube does not touch the bulb. One end of the tube is connected to a reservoir kept a place above the end of the table-table --preferably the reservoir (water drum) may be kept hanged on the wall. The other end of the tube (of shade) is left into a hot pack kept below the level of the table-lamp. Used clip can be employed for the controlled supply of water from the reservoir. Once the light is kept on, the wate supply ca be regulated the PVC tube. The PVC tube should be painted black. By this method one bucket of hot water (80 degree Centigrate) can be obtained if the table-lamp is held for one half-an-hour. By increasing the speed of flow of water luke warm water can also be obtained.


Title: SOLAR PUMPSubject Category: EnergyName: rajat nahata & subham sharma Std: 11Guide: bajranglal soni School: Cambridge Convent School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:


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Title: Efficient boiler and stove using Water Fuel Subject Category: SeniorName: abhishek sayare & anant chaturvedi Std: 9Guide: bajranglal soni School: basic public school, Sardarshahar

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: Today the biggest problem of the world is of environment and energy. The direct relation of environment is energy production and use of energy. The environment is being polluted by using of the natural energy sources like coil and oil. Global warming effect is also created by the conversion of the energy. The new energy produced from the natural energy source of coal and mineral oil is also the prime cause of environmental pollution. In the day to day life energy is needed to perform all the works for operating different scientific devices. This way knowingly or unknowingly we are polluting the environment for the utilization of the energy. To solve these problems we have two ways:1. We should use the non conventional source of energy.2. We should enhance the efficiency of our devices with the condition that it consumes least possible energy or uses the non conventional energy. Keeping these ideas in mind I have designed such a boiler in prototype in which efficiency has been tried to be enhanced by increasing the temperature along with the traditional engine. We know that boiler is utilized in important industries for producing electricity. If the heat generated in the boiler is either by electric heater or coal or mineral oil, the efficiency in the boiler can be increased by using water in the boiler to enhance the process of generating the heat. This process is based on the following two facts:1. When the water vapor is released on the heated carbon or on burning coal then the liberated oxygen and hydrogen present in the water vapor reacts with the mixture of coal’s basic element Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen, known as Water Gas, which is inflammable. This water gas burning with coal increases the heat found in the coal. This way along with enhancing the efficiency of the boiler it increases the production and maintains the environmental safety.2. When the water vapor is moved on the heated iron foils then the water bifurcates into its elements of Hydrogen and Oxygen. The practical aspect of this act can be utilized for the household stove or boiler used in our daily life, whatever may be the traditional source of producing heat in the boiler. If the iron foils or net is placed in the center of place of the radiation from the received heat or heat of the effective work, then the traditional energy in the boiler would not face much loss and the iron foils would keep getting heated. Now when a part of the heat produced by the boiler or the vapor generated in the boiler is moved through the jet pipe of heated iron foils, then the water vapor is bifurcated into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen being inflammable increases the heat of the oven of the boiler. This increase in the efficiency of the boiler is done without polluting the environment and we get enhanced production also. This way we can enhance the efficiency of the boiler by increasing the heat in the boiler getting the water gas or the hydrogen and oxygen by moving the water through the boiler. 3. Historical background of Primary attempt Generally it is studied that when steam of water is flown through heated coal then carbon of coal and oxygen of water steam turns into carbon mono oxide and

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hydrogen separates from it. In this reaction the mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide works as an inflammable gaseous compound. In general language it is called water gas. This concept is turned into technology and a prototype is created at science center. The following weakness was found in this project: (1) Today wood coal and mineral coal is less used in homes for cooking purposes. (2) It is not cost effective for the ordinary household. Second Attempt In second attempt a kerosene stove was taken instead of wood coal stove. The basic principle was that when steam water is blown on red hot iron particles, hydrogen and oxygen get separated in this process and oxygen reacts with iron to form iron oxide and hydrogen remains as it is. This residual hydrogen is used as an inflammable fuel. For practically see this process water stove is prepared according to the picture. By observing this experiment it was found that about 30 to 35 per cent of kerosene oil is saved. In this scenario the burner was developed and water is sent through gravitational force in the burner. There needed to further develop this model.WEAKNESS In developed burner only upper part of it was used instead of iron particles and the attached water tube to burner and to send water to copper tube plastic bottles were used from the height of one meter. Due to uncontrolled supply of water there was uncertainty in the formation of vapor.Third Attempt In this project a stove was made of two tanks in which one tank was for ozone oil and other was for water. In both the tanks to create pressure pump was made. by developing burner a place to keep iron particles . and arrangement was made to pass the water vapor in nearby to vapor ejection point of kerosene tank. To know the pressure in the tank pressure meter was installed in it so that pressure can be controlled in the tank. So it was found that around 50 to 60 kerosene is saved in this stove.Future programmers By experiment such stoves it was found that this kind of stoves can be used in households only First Plan In this project we will use water vapor which will be useful for such boiler which uses solid as fuel for heat production. Steam will be generated in extra attachment is made in a boiler run on by producing heat by burning coal and this steam will be stored in a special tank and will be regulated by electric circuit valve To convert water into vapor we have to use fuels like gas, charcoal, coal etc .So it will not be useful. This steam is thrown on fire sparks. The speed of throwing vapor reacting with hot coal will be proportional. So that carbon monoxide and hydrogen will be formed so that there will be increase in heat in extra attachment. Then finally economic analysis will be done.Weakness: Such produced water vapor is used in those boilers which use coal as its fuel. In gas and other kinds of fuel this water vapor generating equipment is useless. Second plan So the challenge was to develop such model which can be used in all kinds of boilers which uses different kinds of fuels. In second attempt we have developed model which can be used for electric gas, coal or any kind of fuel propelled boilers. Because the same process was used which was used in developing water heater? Means the vapor generated in

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boiler was used to heat water. And some part of vapor generated in boiler will be passed through in particles. When water vapor is passed through iron particles it will convert into oxide and hydrogen and this hydrogen will be traditionally used to increase heat. And exactly as water stove the efficiency of generating heat in boiler will be increased by 60 to 70 percent. To get extra heat from water, a small diameter pipe will be attached from the original copper tube of boiler, the upper part of oven or iron particles is fueled at the hot part of exit place of gases and iron oxide formed in this process is used in other industrial purposes.

Project Code : Eng-01 (Team) Online ID:331

Title: Circular vertical axis wind mill design.Subject Category: ENGGName: pranjal pareek & pardti pareek Std: 10Guide: bajranglal soniSchool: Meera Niketan Girls School Sardarshahr, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

Abstract Windmills convert the wind into either mechanical or electrical energy. If the efficiency of a windmill can be increased, then the need for expensive, polluting power generators will be reduced. The tip speed ratio of a windmill blade is directly proportional to the energy output. If the shape of a blade can be altered to increase the tip speed ratio, windmill performance increases. If the blade's surface can be coated to increase the tip speed ratio, windmill performance also increases. This project examined different blade shapes to determine the optimum shape for blades rotating on vertical axes. Different blade shapes were also tested for blades rotated on a vertical axis. Finally, different surface treatments were tested to determine if surface treatment could enhance blade performance. Other areas were identified for additional research. The shape of the blade has a great deal of influence on the performance of the windmill. The tip speed ratio increased dramatically as the shape of the blade was modified to become more aerodynamically efficient when the blade was rotated on a horizontal axis. Blade shapes appearing to produce more lift and less drag were more efficient. Some blades did not rotate at all. However, when the direction of the wind was changed to reflect the effects on blades oriented on a vertical axis, each shape rotated reasonably well. It would appear that the blade shapes producing more drag performed better on a vertical axis. Tables of test results and charts of relative blade shape performance follow.


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Title: Safe Saw Machine (Attachment)Subject Category: ENGGName: resham soni & sapna soni Std: 9Guide: bajranglal soniSchool: Govt. Tantiya Girls School, Sardarshahr, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

1. A special electronic and mechanical arrangement has been made to prevent accidents caused by improper handling of saw machine. It can be mounted on any saw machine after a little change.2. In this arrangement there is a very simple electronic circuit made by p-n-p and n-p-n transistors. The cost of this electronic circuits is 200-300 Rs/- only.

this electronic circuit is connected to a mechanical lever and gear box arrangement which can be attached any saw machine and can be prepared by local mechanics and black smith and cost of this.

Project Code : Eng-03 Online ID:404

Title: Accident-proof Electro-locomotiveSubject Category: EngineeringName: gajanand jogi Std: 9Guide: bajranglal soni School: Buniyadi S.S. School

ABSTRACT:

Most of the train accidents happen due to the back-to-front collisions between two successive trains or between a train and an engine. The vital cause of such accidents is mainly improper signaling. Even in entirely automatic signaling arrangements, faults might occur due to various factors. So. In order to prevent such back-to-front collisions, every engine, passenger, train, etc. must be provided with built-in safety arrangements such that whenever any engine, locomotive or train comes close to the back of any other engine, locomotive or train, the motion of that engine, locomotive, or train will cease automatically thereby preventing any collision.

I intend to use the principles of physics in this research paper to help explain the processes involved in transforming electrical energy to an electric locomotive. This paper may include the railway electrification system but may not necessarily be valid for all locations around the world.

The scientific principle involved in this exhibit is to cease the motion of trains with the help of light dependent resistance. i.r. circuits ,radio controlled circuits and ultrasonic sound equipments

Material Used

1. transistors : Two BC 157B: One BC 147B ic 555 , 4011,4017. 4026, 40110 2. rectifiers : One SCR SN 604

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3. capacitors : Two 2000 µF: 12V Electrolytic One 0.22 µF, 160V Polyester4. relay : 9 V and ac 220v power supply ,5. capacitore, transformers , relay switch gearbox pulies model of vahicals6. miscellaneous : 9V D.C. miniature motors: battery operated toy locomotives; veroboard; connecting wires; mains-cord, wooden board for the model assembly; serews: solder; resin etc.

Power Transmission There are two kinds of power transmission that are used for electric locomotives. These include alternate current and direct current. Alternate current, as the name suggests, flows in more than one direction where as DC is restricted to one direction only Alternating current has an advantage over DC current such that it can be used over large distances even through a wire that has a smaller radius. Direct current locomotives typically require wires with greater diameter and in some cases a third rail. At present, alternating current locomotives haul trains over large distances or main line areas where as DC locomotives are restricted to shorter distances. The voltage difference is also great as AC is varied between 15KV to 50KV while DC is confined to below 3KV There are different methods in which the current is transferred. One way is through a third rail and the other is through overhead wires. The third rail is most popular with DC electric systems. Examples of trains that use the third rail are usually metro rail systems but they can be found in main-line routes in southern England to provide speeds of up 100 miles per hour at 750V DC There are certain disadvantages of the third rail. The first one is that there is a safety hazard. If pedestrians were to trample on the rail, they are likely to have a shock hazard. Secondly, weather conditions such as snow can cause the system to not function (Railway Technical). Third Rail systems also have rail gaps in order to cope with excess voltage supply. For each gap, there is what is called a “substation”. These substations ensure continuity and provide voltage in the direction of propagation and are off support if one substation were to fail. Substations also give an indication for the train to continue on its route or to halt for any reason. In cases where there may be faults along the electric lines, there are switches to stop the flow of current which means that the train must stop before entering that section (Railway Technical).

Figure (a) represents the circuit diagram of the governor unit which helps to cease the motion of the locomotive to which it is attached. Immediate when the locomotive accidentally comes close to the back of any other locomotive or train running on the same railway track in the same or train running on the same railway track in the same direction. In this way, the back to front collisions are prevented. Basically, the governor unit is an electronic Light Activated Latching Switch. The LDR and the Potentiometer VR, together form a voltage divider network. Voltage at the point P ( i.e. at the base of TR1) is normally kept just below the cut-off point of TR1 by adjusting VRI and keeping the LDR in presence of ambient light. Thus, in such condition, TR1 remains inactive. When any light beam of sufficient intensity falls directly over the LDR, positive voltage is developed across the point P and so TR1 becomes active. Thus, the activation of TR1 causes the activation of TR2 and also of TR3. Once activated, TR2 supplies constant bias for TR1 to make it latched, whereas TR3 triggers the SCR which in turn operates the Motor M. This motor is mechanically linked to the dynamic brakes of the locomotive. So, the operation of the motor can cease the motion of the locomotive. The brakes of the locomotive or the motor can only be deactivated by pressing the Reset Switch S1. Therefore, once the circuit is triggered by means of an incident beam of intense light, it can not be returned to the quiescent state by the interruption of the light-beam,

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unless the Reset Switch S1 is pressed to cut-off the power supply from the circuit.

Figure (b) represents the mode of display of the model. Only two locomotives LM1 and LM2 have been used for the display purpose. If the model Electro-Locomotive LM1 is in the standby position at the place C on the railway-track ABC due to break down, the incoming Electro- Locomotive LM2’s driver will not know about the position and condition of LM1, and he will run his Locomotive LM2 forward towards LM1 with high speed. If it is night, LM2 driver will not be able to detect the actual position of LM1 by merely watching the Red Indicator Lamp fitted at the backside of LM1 and he will not retard the motion of his locomotive by operating its brakes. But, when LM2 will reach at the position B, i.e. close to LM1; the intense light-beam being emerged by the Lamp L1 of the LM1 will fall directly over the Light Dependent Resistor LDR2 of the Governor Unit of LM2 and it will be stopped at the position B. Thus, the collision with LM1 be prevented.

Circuits of electric locomotives Now, the various components of the AC electric locomotive will be discussed. The first one is a locomotive with a DC motor. As seen in the above diagram, the locomotive receives its power through the pantograph from the catenary. The voltage received is decreased by a step-down transformer. The amount of current is controlled by a device known as the “tap changer”. The “tap changer” is basically a camshaft set of operated switches and connects more sections of the transformer. The next device is the AC-DC rectifier. The kind of rectifier used in this circuit is the bridge rectifier. It is basically an arrangement of diodes that enable the current to flow in one direction only. The capacitor is used to decrease the fluctuation of voltage. The drop of voltage from the rectifier is eliminated by the voltage drop in the capacitor Instead of using a bridge rectifier, it is possible to use a thyrister. A thyrister is a kind of diode such that it allows current to flow when it receives a command through a third terminal (Physics Daily). The thyristor can be illustrated as an N-P-N and a P-N-P transistor connected to each other. As the current enters the base of the N-P-N transistor, it causes a greater current to exit through both terminals. This current then enters the base of the P-N-P transistor causing a much greater current to leave the emitter. However, if current flows the other way, the initial command is deleted. The device is also turned off if the current is zero. When the thyristor is used to rectify from AC to DC, the sinusoidal wave display on the voltage and time graph is confined to above the positive axis. In order to create a steady supply of voltage and smoothen the delivery, a smoothening circuit is connected. The smoothening circuit may include inductors and capacitors

Project Code : Eng-04 (Jr) (Team) Online ID:408

Title: MULTIPURPOSE UNLOADING VEHICLE ﾓSubject Category: EngineeringName: Nitu Pareek & Nidhi Bothra Std: 7Guide: bajranglal soni School: Basic Public School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

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Reference: In the present time HYDRAULIC method is used for unloading materials from vehicles, but there is a specific disadvantage that is vehicles can’t manage unloading other sides like left, right or in front of them, they only can unload back side of them. Imagine there is any narrow street and we need to unload at its left or right side, than how can we manage? Present vehicles are only able to unload at their backside; the technique of unloading all side is not developing in vehicles yet. These types of vehicles cannot turn or gear left, right or backside at narrow Street. According to this disadvantage in vehicles there is need to fulfill the loss, an equipment discovered in form of model. Including theories: 1:-simple lever theory 2:-Theory of electric magnate 3:-principal of liquid pressure based hydraulic theory.

Including materials: Iron road, siring, liquid, pistol, electric magnate, electric motor, gear box, aluminum plai, nut-bolt, and paint for color.


Title: Multi purpose stick or cane for the blindSubject Category: EngineeringName: dipeeka soni Std: 9Guide: bajranglal soni School: Shree Bal Mandir Pulasar, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

By this electronic stick the following activities can be performed –1. Light Effect Circuit :- With this circuit , the blind at night or any other time can work from room to lavatory and at night by this electric source As the electric pole ,electric bulbs in front of the houses etc, can also be walk easily andfind up door and windows etc.2. Barrier Indicator :- By this infra-red circuit a blind purpose working on the day or night , can hear any abstract coming on his way by the ear-phone or by the sound tone from the speaker bitted in the stick. The tone changes according to the distance of the barrier. He does not collide against anything on his way. While the object is static or dynamic animate or inanimate all sorls of barring can be known by the blind.3. Alarm and light indicator :- When a blind person walk on the road or on any other place , like the vehicles , a multicolor flickers which can be in rotating position as well , which indicates the presence of the blind to the persons coming from behind also in front of him.4. Knowledge of the surface :- A special circuit has been fitted in this stick sensitive circuits are fitted under the lower party the stick which touches the surface from these sensitive indicators , he comes to know whether he is walking on a dry or wet road. If there is water or mud , the stick produces a special tune , hearing it the blind person , by feeling it lessons that he is not go further.5. Protection by Electric waves :- In this stick a specific wave – rotation circuit of the electro-magnet is fitted. In the awkward solution, the blind presses the soft switch of circuit and circuit producer electric waves which sounds an alarm in the collective circuit kept near

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the guardian of the build, the relatives of the blind get warned of the circuit of the blind. They also come to know about the direction of the blind by the direction-circuit fitted in the stick. Such circuit can be put on the police station and other help booths.6. Electrified Object Censor :- When the blind leave the house he will come to know the presence working of electric equipment at home, if the touch of the electric equipment produces a shock. Similarly if there is leakage in the big transformers etc. and its touch may create danger A.C. circuit didactor circuit fitted in the stick will produce a peculiar sound and the blind get warned and change in course and thus saves himself the electric-danger.7. Battery arrangement :- All the above electronic circuit work in 6 volt D.C. infraid D.C. transistor circuit .works in 3 volt D.C. , so , 6 volt D.C., current in the entire circuits , is required all the modd . so , in order to fulfill this purpose, four cells of 1u5 volts have been used . these are the dry cells, they are thrown away after the use and the blind has to put new cells. I am order to avoid this problem and also the dry cells cost, too much, inside this stick siticon cheaps are used in the form of solar panels which have been covered with the transparent plastic sheets, in such away that the light of the sun partially or fully falls on the silicon chips fitted inside the stick . the electric energy avoided from the solar pannel the changer inside the stick charges . The cells and all the circuits are kept working otherwise the blind can the charge the changeable cells by the ordinary battery charger at home.8 In order to avoid in the form of sound earphone or speaker is used. But the blind can feel uncomfortable by using it constantly for longer for this perform , as an alternative by an biting another sound . amplifier circuit Pigo.speaker, sound is rotated by which the blind can hear the tone directly even by removing the ear-phone.9. In order to provide the knowledge of time to the blind, a switch has been arranged in the stick which tells the time by nothing.10. At home, there is arrangement in the stick. All the above circuits are assembled with the ordinary electronic ….. … which can be avoid in small towns. It is not difficult to assemble them. The cost in all the material on Delhi market price is Rs-800/- only it can be assembled by training a litescale it will be lessened function are lessen for the better use of the the stick the blind person avoid have to be introdriced first with stick and works of train him in the use of works of push ………… slide punches. He will have to be acknowledge with the sounds of various tones which cam be accomplished with in two or three even if the blind is old or illiterate.


Title: 12 Volt Toilet Tank RefillerSubject Category: EngineeringName: ganesh sharma Std: 11Guide: bajranglal soni School: Seth Sampatramji Dugar School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

A flushing toilet is something that most city dwellers take for granted, but it can be a luxury for those who live away from utility water and electricity. This circuit provides on-off pump switching for a small 12 Volt pump that is used to fill a toilet tank from an external rain water collection cistern. The 12 Volt power comes from a small solar power system. The cistern is located at ground level, so the pump is required to move the water up to the toilet tank. SpecificationsNominal operating voltage: 12V

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Idle current: < 1 maPump Current: < 5ATheoryThe Panasonic hall effect sensor is the heart of the system. The hall effect sensor's output pulls to ground when in the presence of a relatively strong magnetic field. When the magnet is pulled away from the hall effect sensor, the output goes high via the 10K pull up resistor. This turns on the IRFZ34N MOSFET transistor, which pulls the negative lead of the 12V pump to ground, turning on the pump. The LED is also turned on. The 1N4004 diode snubs out potential spikes from the motor, and the 1000uF capacitor across the motor eliminates motor brush noise from the DC wiring. The 100uF capacitor filters noise from the 12V power source. As with all electrical circuitry, it is important to have a fuse and a switch in series with the power source, that is not shown in the schematic. Careful observers will observe a second diode on the board, it is a crowbar diode who's job is to blow the fuse if the power is ever connected with reverse polarity. The crowbar diode is not shown in the schematic. This circuit will work with most momentary action (non-latching) hall effect sensors, you may want to experiment with the sensor and magnet to find the most sensitive orientation for both parts.


Title: Stop Them From Moving and Shaking! (Earthquake Resistant Buildings)

Subject Category: EngineeringName: Akshat Aggarwal & Bhagavatula Anirudh Std: 10Guide: Mandira BhattacharyyaSchool: Amity International School, Sector-44, Noida, U.P

ABSTRACT:

In our report, we have tried to depict a new technique combined with some existing techniques to get a very strong, earthquake resistant structure. According to us, these are one of the strongest structures in the world.We have focused on making pyramidal buildings rather than cuboid buildings. In our technique, there are certain elements which decide the seismic strength of the buildings. How much strength do we need to provide depends on the various factors discussed in the report. Speaking of the angles of the wall, more the height of the building, less will be the angle of the walls with the ground, keeping the super area of the ground floor of the building constant. If the height is assumed to be constant, the angle of the walls will increase with the increase in super area of the ground floor. The basement (if there) can be kept as a cuboid.We have also suggested some additional features which can be implemented in this structure as well. We think that such structures are very strong and can withstand earthquakes of a much greater magnitude than what other buildings can withstand.According to us, this project has a lot of scope in tomorrow’s world. Due to disturbances in the earth, earthquakes can occur any time. Thus, to protect the buildings tomorrow, new techniques have to be engineered today.


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Title: Mathematical Modelling in ArchitectureSubject Category: EngineeringName: Rahul Rajput & Ali Shahid Std: 10Guide: Bharti MudgilSchool: Amity International School, Sector-44, Noida, U.P

ABSTRACT:

When buildings increase in height they tend to become more unstable due to the forces exerted by the winds. At higher altitudes the wind becomes more turbulent and become a serious threat to tall buildings. Therefore the aim of our project was to find out an effective and efficient solution to these problems and make our design of the building as stableas possible. by incorporating the use of the sears-haack body and the Von Karman equation. This equation provides the most aerodynamical shape yet known.Scientific Principle Involved- The scientific principles are Bernoulli’s theoremand fluid mechanics. The Von Karman Principle and the Sears Haack body in addition to aerodynamically efficient engineering were also used. The use of virtual 3D modelling and computational fluid dynamics was incorporated by us.

This mathematically derived equation provides the most aerodynamical shape for a given base area and volume.

Material Used- In our project we made extensive use of virtual 3D modelling and wind flow simulation softwares.

Working Investigations/ Findings- A lot of resources are wasted during and after the construction of a building due to poor designing. Another finding in the project was that in conventional cuboidal designs of buildings high speed and low pressure vortices which create a low pressure void on the leeward side of the building. This results into the creation of cracks and crevices at the base of the building. This may result into the weakening of the structure. By using highly aerodynamic curves and equations such as the ‘Von Karman Ogive’ we were able to generate a model of a building which was aerodynamically efficient and structurally sound that had a very streamlined and laminar airflow around it which eventually reduced the amount of turbulence and vortices around the building. Use of 3D exponential functions such as z=e-a(x2+y2) lead to highly stable and turbulent free structures.During our research we came across some ancient techniques to make buildings more sustainable. On modifying these methods we were able to apply them to modern buildings which worked efficiently. Several unique and low cost methods of sustainability were also devised by us.

Approximate cost incurred and time spent- The cost that incurred by us was almost negligible as all our work was done on virtual 3D simulation software. We spent around 15-20 days working on our project, doing research and creating virtual models.

Utility and further scope of project- As we head towards an energy and resource crisis, more sustainable and efficient designs is the need of the hour. Therefore our efficient designing can lead to more stable and sound structures for the future.

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Books and websites used- we used the following references during our project-www.wikipedia.com, www.soliton.ae.gatech.edu, www.auto.howstuffworks.com, www.exploratorium.edu


Title: Designs In Automated Valet Parking System Subject Category: EngineeringName: Vishesh Rastogi Std: 11Guide: Pankaj Rohilla School: Amity International School, Saket, New Delhi

ABSTRACT:

Objective - This project is designed to tackle the pathetic parking situation in big and crowded metropolitan cities all over the world. For this purpose , the project has developed innovative designs which can double the capacity of a regular multi-level car park and are more time efficient than the already existing automatic systems in foreign countries.It's integrated self parking and security system makes it safer and faster because all movements are computerised , while saving you money on land purchase and keeping more of the world's precious resource green .

Technical details - The project includes 4 architectural designs engineered to offer customised and economic solutions as per requirements(Number of cars, Degree of time efficiency etc).The 4 designs namely are explained as follows-

1) Lift Parking System-( How does it work?) - The car is driven onto an automated platform which starts on the swipe of the parking card.The systems computer will instruct the lift to park the car in the best available position while taking in account any ingress and egress requests in the queue.The process is quick and safe and saves the motors hassle in time .(Where can it be used ) - In this case the building is a narrow multi level car park with limited base on each level and it can be used in large commercial buildings with less base space for car parks.

2)Transfer device system-(How does it work?) - Robot trolleys built into the platform haul the cars from the platforms into the base and vice versa doubling both speed and convenience .Here again there the systems has full control of the cars to and from the base to cut down time and increase efficiency . (Where can it be used?) - The system can be designed to fit huge basement type car parks with a more sophisticated design called the Transfer Device system .

3)Roll Parking System-(How does it work?) In this complex design , A host of automated platforms are suspended on multiple levels serving a core platform for ingress and egress .Speed of parking and delivery is maximised with the multiple platforms processing parking requests simultaneously.

4)Rotating Core Parking Designs-(How does it work?) The design carries exceptional capacity with limited land area, being cylindrical in shape more base can be created while in core platform rotates up and down the car park.Bringing in and out cars in every cycle, As the older designs illustrated. A simple swipe of the parking card is all it takes to deliver your car

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http://www.exploratorium.edu/

http://www.auto.howstuffworks.com/

http://www.soliton.ae.gatech.edu/

http://www.wikipedia.com/

back to you before making a safe, hassle free exit !


Title: Air multiplier fans air multiplier Subject Category: EngineeringName: devkishan mittal & shivam chaturvedi Std: 11Guide: bajranglal soni School: Cambridge Convent School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

This air multiplier fan is very special. What is the different of the air multiplier fan and the general fan. These air multiplier fans have no flabellum. And to some extent absolute security, the air multiplier fan can send the air to a long distance. In addition to cooling, the air multiplier fan can enhance the effect of indoor air circulation. If you want to feel more comfortable when the summer is coming, you should buy the air multiplier fan. When you use the air multiplier fan, you will not need to worry about the air will bring the dirty earth to people’s face. If you use the air multiplier fan, it will protect your children. Because when some people use the general fan, it has the flabellum, so your children will be hurt by the flabellum. Using this non-fan fan will benefit you and your family. If you go shopping in a big store, you will see the air multiplier fan. It can attract more people to shop in this store, because the air multiplier fan is so special and save to the customers. If the store uses the air multiplier fan, the customer will feel more comfortable and will buy more goods in this store. And some customers will take their children with them, when the parents are selecting goods, they will have no time to take more attention to their children. If the sore are not use the air multiplier fan but the general fan, the little boys or girls will be hurt by the fan. So if the store uses the air multiplier, the customer will have more time and energy to buy goods. So the air multiplier fan is good both for the company and the customers. And the company will tell you about the air multiplier how it work. Besides, if you are a housewife, you should use the air multiplier fan. The reason is that the air multiplier is cleaned easily. Because the air multiplier has no flabellum, we can clean it with a short time. Maybe the air multiplier is much more expensive than the general fan, if you are a housewife and have enough money, you had better buy the air multiplier. The air multiplier fan can make your home look more beautiful and special. And when your friends come to your home, they will feel very comfortable and the air multiplier can leave a good experience to your friends.On the other hand, this air multiplier fan can give you a good sleeping. Because it is not noisy, the sound of this air multiplier fan is lower than the general fan. So you can have a good rest when you are tired after a long day’s work. As we all know, it is very noisy during the day time. If you use the air multiplier, it is not very noisy, and almost has no sound, so you can have a good sleep when you have a rest at noon. And the air multiplier fan is good for the old people, because some old people can’t move quickly, sometimes they will hit some at home. If they hit the air multiplier fan, they will not hurt by the air multiplier, because the air multiplier fan has no flabellum. At this time, if the old people use the general fan and their children are not at home, it is very dangerous. So whether you are a housewife or the old

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people, you should use the air multiplier fan.

Appearance of the FanThe ring type structure of this fan is attractive. The upper part of the fan is the ring, shown in the image in blue, although it is available in different colors. The lower part of the fan is cylindrical and has a variable speed control switch on it. This switch is placed at the front and is used to change the speed of the fan. Two other switches placed at both sides work for on and off. Just above the switches small holes are provided around the cylindrical structure. These work as air inlets and have much importance in the operation of the fan.

Operation of the FanThe bladeless ring works in a manner similar to aircraft wings. Actually, the fan does have blades; they are provided in the base of the fan. The air comes in towards a circular structure called a mixed flow impeller inside the cylindrical structure. The mixed flow impeller is actually an air pump, and it is used for blowing air upwards to the ring. Impeller placement is critical. If placed correctly, it can develop a significant negative pressure effect to get the air flow going.Axial Compressor DesignWhen the air reaches the ring, it creates a negative pressure above the joint of the ring and cylinder. This negative pressure forces the air that is present over the back side of the ring forward. Further, this creates a negative pressure at the back side of the ring, and due to this, air starts flowing from back to front, in what is called the Coanda effect. The air flows forward in a circular cross section. The air around the flow also starts moving due to viscous shearing, and the speed of the flow becomes sixteen times larger than that of any ordinary fan.AdvantagesThis fan introduces many advantages compared to ordinary fans, some of which are given below. Safe for ChildrenThis fan needs no exposed blades to provide air flow. Due to this, this fan is safe for children.Easy to cleanThe structure of this fan is very simple, and because of this it’s very easy to clean.Switch for Variable SpeedIn an ordinary fan, three to five switch positions are used to change the speed of the fan. The Dyson requires only one switch to reach the desired speed.Oscillation of the Fan Almost every fan has the quality of oscillating horizontally. However, this fan can flow the air upward and downward by oscillating its bottom vertically. It is because the center of gravity of this fan is very distant from the base.Smooth AirThe air coming from an ordinary fan is not so smooth. It forces the air, by using blades, in the form of turbulent air slaps, which makes the air flow rougher. The Dyson fan is capable of flowing air very smoothly due to the absence of blades.SummaryThe Air Multiplier fan is a gift of engineering with many advantages. Although the price of this fan is comparatively high, this fan provides lots of benefits to overcome this disadvantage.

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Title: New techniques for increase in efficiency (High efficiency Bicycle)Subject Category: SeniorName: suresh darji Std: 11Guide: bajranglal soni School: seth sampatramji dugar school, Sardarshahar

ABSTRACT:

New techniques for increase in efficiency (High efficiency Bicycle) Fly wheel is used to increase kinetic energy in all moving vehicles which uses conventional and non conventional source of energy Due to this system kinetic energy is increased as per the law of physics. But it is seen that there is no such method used in bicycle. All motorized moving vehicles like motorcycle, car truck bus use flywheel. But I have used fly wheel in bicycle. And I found many advantages including increase in kinetic energy. We have experimented with different data and found that now students can cycle the heights with more efficacies. First we understood this technology by experimenting with diesel generator. When we remove flywheel from generator we observed that fly wheel efficiency has deteriorated. We observed this and then used it in bicycle.

Project Code : Env-01 (Team) (Jr) Online ID:333

Title: Automatic Rat trapperSubject Category: ENVName: priti bhati & ashima khan Std: 7Guide: bajranglal soniSchool: Meera Niketan Girls School Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

India is a developing country. Our country is self salient in agriculture sector. But, keeping in view the increasing population. Yet there is more need of researches because due to the lack of education, there is much destruction of grain. The mice play a great sole in it. The tradition rat trappers or cages are not enough to get red of them because they have following default –1. At a time only one mouse is trapped.2. Every time , the mouse is to be released.3. There is constant need of its maintenance.4. In the open store-houses, they are not effective.Keeping all the above point in view , in the present experiments , three types of mouse traps systems have been developed which are as follows in the different situation-1. Electronics mouse repeller.2. Electronic mouse-trap.3. mechanical mouse-trap system.

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Project Code : Env-02 Online ID:401

Title: Aid for Dumb and DeafSubject Category: EnvironmentName: mohit sharma Std: 10Guide: bajranglal soni School: Seth Sampatramji Dugar School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

This experiment is a boon for the handicapped. Especially for those who are Dumb and cannot produce any voice from their throat. Throat handicapped people are of various types. For example some people are born deaf. The people who have never heard the sound of any word could never speak.Some people remain dumb due to some accidents, or their vocal tract could not develop fully, such people can speak with this equipment even if their mouth would not open while speaking, because this device has itself the capacity to produce such sound which is being tried by the handicapped person, even if he is not able to produce clear or unclear sound from his throat.In this equipment one Sensory receptors is attached. This receptor is set with the throat. Whenever any Handicapped person tries to speak then his vocal tract tries to act according to the efforts made by the person. In this effort the words which are to be spoken by the person who is trying to speak creates unclear vibration. Even if these vibrations do not produce effective sound or these vibrations don’t have exit for the vocal devices, then also sensory receptors receiving these vibrations send it to machine’s circuit and the machine converts the signals into sound. This way the effort made by dumb person results in replying not by the throat but by this circuit. And, even the dumb person is able to speak with the help of this machine.This effort in executive manner with experimental form has tried to show in this experiment that this machine can be utilized for the dumb people as well as for those who hears less with little modifications and this can be used as a very good Hearing Aid. This way a small electronic device would prove to be a boon for both Deaf and Dumb people.


Title: water car running on fuel cell by salty waterSubject Category: EnvironmentName: sachin kamma Std: 12Guide: bajranglal soni School: Seth Sampatramji Dugar School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

One of the burning problems of the world is depletion of conventional energy sources and the their use has created obstacles to such an alternative in the form non conventional energy sources .in this regard, fuel cell is a good and sensitive option for producing continuous energy. Keeping this in mind, I have made fuel cell form hard water found in the well of Rajasthan. This was made by using resources found in Rajasthan and according to economical condition an inexpensive and easily available electrolytic between the two

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electrodes. There foe, the fuel cell is made inexpensive and as a result of chemical reaction happening in cell for producing electricity, clean water and heat are produced. thus, we can get rid of some problems.

Not in Rajasthan even in front of the whole world energy problem is growing up as a serious problem. CO2 National energy storage are to ending & by using these sources also a danger of environmental pollution .But to fulfill the needs of daily routine work discovery of options is also very necessary.


Title: Natural pestiside for agriculture (solanum xanthocarpum )Subject Category: EnvironmentName: Sunita Suthar Std: 10Guide: bajranglal soni School: Govt. Tantiya Girls School, Sardarshahr, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

Introducion -

Explosion of population and continuous shortage of agriculture land. has created the problem of shortage of food grains production that is why day by day the tradition of new scientific inventions and resources have developed which is supposed to be correct to face the food problems .but due the use of unnatural means humanity has created more serious problem than food shortage . because we have started the use of chemical fertilizer and pestistates . In the present recommendation by experiment and invention the plants available in rajasthan which possess the qualities of killing in seeds &weeds Like neem . just like neem there is are another plant with the name (solanum xanthocarpum )the disereption of which is available is aurved Literature which is not consumed or eaten by the cattle’s even possessed the qualities of pain killing .the juice of this plant can be utilized as natural pestisid it has been proved by experiment .

Aims-1. To reduce the use of chemical pesticide 2. To reduce the expenditure on chemical pesticide by using natural pesticide 3. to mention the fertility of the soil and balanced the saline and salty 4. to save the generation of useful insects and birds from chemical insecticide 5. to stop the adverse effect on the life of human beings 6. to make simple and easy the use of natural pesticides and to train the formers , so that they make use of natural pesticides instead of chemical pesticides 7. to help is the economic development of the formers by the use of natural pesticide instead of chemical pesticides

Principal – 1. To develop the knowledge and method of solanum xanthocarpum extraction and liquid extract 2. To distillation and preserve the extract of any fruit &seed

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3. know how we can make dilute and consultant liquid 4. solar distillation and extract methods 5. The effect of enzyme function different matter on the daily routine of insects 6. to bring a change in the daily routine of insets by the use of amino acid and DNA 7. BY amino acid and DNA develop change in the behavior of insets life cycle8. knowledge of solar distiller system in simple method

Required material for use

Wood , ply, plasticc, aluminum sheet , ordinary heater , gas burner, beaker , test tube, stand, condenser tube ,plant ,thermometer , bottles, microscope etc.

Method First of all make the powder of the fruits of solanum xanthocarpum and mix it in water, then boil it is a flask. Then with the help of distillation device by fractional distillation method. extract is take out this extract is obtained through different temperature . this extract is then mixed in water with different quantities –as for one liter water , 100 ml ,50 ml. then it is sprayed on suffering plant and one week observation is done and the life span of insets is studies In krishi vigyan Kendra of i.a.s.e.university sardarshahr experiment was done on suffering plants by spraying the mixture of different varieties and result have been obtained and noted . because these plants are grownry &found on the road side or on the fance sides if the field , solar distillation method can be used and money can be saved . in this way the the former it can get natural pesticides with out any expenditures. In the old age this plant had been use for tooth ache stomach ache etc diseases . so that is proved that safe for humans. 1. In the form of natural pesticides the extract of solanum xanthocarpum is modern ,harmless & eco friendly of atmosphere pollution 2. All the experiment have been done is four block – two lines on crops . for every spray block 4X3mm it mean total area 12X4 =48 for spray area of block . one litter. mixture was used remained 0.0005% to 0.01% and different result have been obtained .

Result Katra 1. Katra on plant is destroyed by mixture of 0.02%2. does not effect on the development of the plant 3. development and formation of Leaves paragan develop & Lives systematically

Result sundi 1. Sundi on the plant destroyed with the spray of 0.02% mixture 2. No effect on the development of the plant 3. leaves development & formation of leaves and paragan develop systematically

Result telia 1. Telia is destroyed on the plant by the spray of mixture of 0.0025% 2. No effect on the development of the plant3. Formation of leave and paragan develop continue completely systematic

In Solanum xanthocarpum

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Insect killer contents seemdra metabolit as tepunetus aelealedes flil propntus pove aeitcene , planonitus ajedrkitn


Title: Innovative Fire extinguisherSubject Category: EnvironmentName: chandra prakash sharma Std: 9Guide: bajranglal soni School: Seth Sampatramji Dugar School, Sardarshahar, Rajasthan

ABSTRACT:

There is always a threat of fire in small villages and towns. In big cities there are fire stations but in small tehsils and villages there are no such provisions. Apart from this shortage big cities have space problem due to narrow lanes and slums. In multi storey buildings there is no proper arrangements for Fire extinguishers.So this Fire extinguisher is created keeping all these problems in mind. Presently, following problems are faced by fire brigade in putting off the fire:1) In high rise buildings there is problem in putting off fire at height2) Due to narrow lanes and slums there is always a problem in movement of fire brigade.3) There is no provision of fire brigade in small villages and Tehsils.In this new experiment a new fire extinguisher is made which solves all the above mentioned problems Principle:1) To convert static energy into kinetic energy2) Preparing gas by chemical reactions3) Using liver and lift principle Material used: Two iron pipes of two size, High Spring, pieces of Iron rod, Iron Angle, Blending material, Sodium Carbonate, General Sulphuric acid, Colours , Nails , Tension springs . Wood, Ply, etc. Working Process:In this equipment a high tension Spring cylindrical base is created based on its diameter. By pulling it static energy is restored. To pull it a rod is created with the help of iron and wood. By doing this a gum like structure is created and it is paced on iron stand. When anything is placed on this pulled string and when released the thing moves very faster in upward direction by converting static energy into kinetic energySimilarly sodium carbonate and Sulphuric acid is kept on this machine in a rubber bag which is related to a nail. When this is thrown on any wall the rubber bag bursts due to nail and acid and soda reacts to produce Co2 gas. Use:1) This equipment can be carried by one person. So it is easily moveable at any place 2) The projected acid and soda can reach to higher places. So it can be used to put off fire at high rise buildings 3) Due to low cost of production it can be kept in small villages and Tehsils 4) It reduces all the problems of fire brigade car.

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Project Code : Env-06 (Team) (Jr)Online ID:469

Title: SAFTY DEVICE OF A BOAT AND OIL SPRAYER

Subject Category: JuniorName: vishakha saharan & rajat saharan Std: 8Guide: bajranglal soni School: basic public school, Sardarshahar

ABSTRACT:

Introduction:

Serious boat accidents resulting in the loss of precious life and property are not in frequent in our country. One of the gravest accidents occurred in our locality when a boat with 50 children and 8 teachers was suddenly capsized midstreant. We lost many of our beloved friends and many parents their dear children. We were shaken to action by this tragdy. We analysed the causes of such n accident. A mishap of this kind gnerally occure due to ovarloading of the boat ar sudden entry of water through any leakage.It is known to all that water exerts prensure on all sides. The up-thrust of warer is taken as the main priknciple of the model.

Materials Used:

1. A small wooden boat which is the basic part of this exhibit.2. A plastic pipe 1 root inlength an half inch in radius.3. A small plastic ball which can easily pall through the above pipe and can move up and down at ease.4. A bulb of 3 volts.5. An electrical siren.6. A few feet of conductive cable7. Two electrodes.8. A little of plaster of paris to stickthe pipe tightly to the boat.9. Six 1.5 volt dry cells.10. One battery container.11. A few dyes to colour the boat.12. One small soft spring.13. One piece of rubber.14. Colour for sealing the cables.15. A little paste.16. A few weights to show the function of the exhibit.

Construction and working.

1. Find out the centre of gravity of the boat at the bottom and make a small hole there.2. Place a plastic pipe of half an inch radius at the hole and out it off making it equal in height to the boat.3. Cut off one square inch from either end of the pipe.4. Take one electrode, the height of which is less than the diamer of the pipe and join it to

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a rubber strap bymaking a hole.

5. The rubber strap is made straight with the help of a flexible spring.6. Now the rubber strap is attached tothe pipe with the help of the paste in such a way that it rests half inch below the nearer end of the pipe. 7. Another metal plate is attached toit.8. The ball is placed into the pipe which is fixed tightly on the hole in the boat with the plaster of paris.9. An electric bulb is attached at the top of the post with which the sails are tied with plastic wires.10. The siren is tied to tha post.11. The bateries are placed in battery container whichis them placed in a suitable spot under the deck.12. One end of the battery container is connected with the piece of metal attached to rubber with wire.13. Two other wires, one of which is connected with th bulb and the other is tied with the siren join the other end of the battery container.14. Another wire connects the bulb with the siren. Thuw preparation of the exhibit is complete.

The safe boat is dropped ina tub filled with water to float. In this state, the water inside and outside the boat will remain at the game level. Now more and weight is placed onthe boat. The boat will slowly tend to go into the water. The very moment

whenan addition ofa little more weight than it can take is added, it makes the boat sink intothe water, the bulb will flash and the siren will keep on ringing. It happens so when the boat slowlygoes down into the water and the ball inside the pipe rises up to the mouth of the pipe. at thistime it pressurises the plate attached near this end. As a result it gets connected with the other plate and electrical energy is generated. It makes the

bulb light up and the siren rings. Now if a little weight is taken away, the bot will rise a little and the ball goes down a little. The two plates are now disconnected and the electrical circuit is lost. The light goes off and the siren stops ringing. If such a

thing happens at the time of a boat journeybecause of overloading, the load may be lessened a little to avoid the dangerand make the journey safe. And if it happens in the

midstream, people oneither side of the river will see the light at the top of the pole and hear the sound ofthe siren and rush to their help. Water in excess must not come into the boat, as it is the main cause of boat capsizing.

Project Code : Env-07 (Team) Online ID:470

Title: Removing the Co2 Gas from AirSubject Category: SeniorName: gourav dugar & mandeep choudhary Std: 9Guide: bajranglal soni School: basic public school, Sardarshahar

ABSTRACT:

Today the major environmental problem of the world is Global warming which has aroused in the nature due to increasing amount of the Carbon-dioxide in the atmosphere. The danger of global warming is continuously increasing along with the increasing quantity of Co2 as we

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are consuming natural energy excessively in the world in various industries. The main impact of global warming is rising in the temperature over the earth. The Glaciers are melting due to increase in the t temperature on the earth. Sea water level is rising up, due to that coastal areas are reducing and fertile soil, villages and big cities on coastal areas are drenching. The sea level is going up by 2 to 2.5cm every year. With this speed of increasing sea level in many cities of the world will drowned in upcoming century as well as the existence of creatures and plants on earth will vanish. So it is very important that we should adopt some measures to reduce the excess level of Co2 and try to use some alternative ways which stop generation of Co2. With inspiration of this objective we have created this model. In this experiment new compounds (which are safe for environment) are created by reaction among absorbed Carbon-dioxide of the atmosphere with other chemical compounds. We know that the Carbon-dioxide gas easily reacts with Hydroxide and the elements which are found in the form of compound can be utilised in other industries.

Project Code : Maths-01 (Team) Online ID:426

Title: Math modelling in earthquake resistant buildingsSubject Category: MathsName: Sarthak Chauhan & Naman Khosla Std: 10Guide: Mala ManiSchool: Amity International School, Sector-44, Noida, U.P

ABSTRACT:

Objective -• To know the causes of an Earthquake.• To know the minimum intensity of vibration that causes damage for the building.• To know the effect on simple and complex shapes of building during an earthquake.• To calculate the most cost efficient earthquake resistant building.• To know recommended mortar mixes for different categories of buildings on soil type in different seismic zones.• To know the size and position of openings in bearing walls.Scientific Principal Involved- Earthquakes are one of the most destructive of natural hazards. They may occur at any time with sudden impact and no warning. They can destroy buildings in seconds, killing or injuring the inhabitants. We can’t feel earthquakes that measure below 2.0 on the Richter scale, and those that measure below 4.0 do not usually cause damage. From 5.0- 5.9 a slight damage is caused. From 6-6.9 it is damaging, between 7.0-7.9 it is destructive and in the range of 8-8.9 it is devastating.

In order to minimize torsion and stress concentration the building should have a simple rectangular shape and be symmetrical both with respect to mass and rigidity.If symmetry of the structure is not possible in plan, the length of such building betweeN

separation sections shall not preferably exceed three times the width i.e. l≤3w.

Buildings having plans with shapes L, T, E, Y, + shall preferably be separated into rectangular parts by providing separation sections at appropriate places with a gap width between 15-30

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mm.To avoid pounding between adjoining buildings due to horizontal vibrations of the two buildings a gap of4% of the taller building should be maintained between them.

There are main five seismic zones in India. The recommended proportion of Cement- Lime –Sand ratio for Zone II and III is 1:2:9 or Cement- Sand ratio of 1:6 or richer. The Cement –Sand ratio for Zone IV and V is 1:4 or Cement – Lime –Sand ratio is 1:1:6 or richer. Though the equivalent mortar with lime will have less strength at 28 days, their strength after one year will be comparable to that of cement mortar.

We have observed dimensions of openings and piers for recommendations and found out the details of size and position of openings in bearing walls for different Building Categories.

To design a building to withstand the 8.9 magnitude earthquake. One must add base isolation. Now we have three options to work with- Building mass (m)Damping constant(c) and Stiffness constant(k) f(t) = mϋ + cύ + kuApproximate cost incurred and time spent- Rs 80/- and time spent is 30 days.Utility and further scope of the project - This project helps us to understand how we can save our existing building to reduce the damage. It helps in awaking people while purchasing new flat in a multistory building and a house in seismic zones. It helps us to provide a guideline to construct Earthquake Resistant House.


Title: Mathematical Modelling in Forensic ScienceSubject Category: MathsName: Chaitanya Kumar & Abhineet Mathur Std: 9Guide: Rajeev KumarSchool: Amity International School, Sector-44, Noida, U.P

ABSTRACT:It' s a very common misconception that all forensic analysts do is collect blood, hair or fingerprint samples from an area, do some DNA analysis and catch the culprit. But, the truth is that there is a lot of mathematics that is involved behind scenes.

Everything, from a knife stab to a rifle shot, uses mathematics and clues like blood spatter patterns, position of a body, GSR particles in the air provide a lot of useful info. Furthermore, forensics involves almost every branch of mathematics (functions, trigonometry, statistics, geometry; you name it) as well as many branches of Physics (ballistics, dynamics, statics etc.), Chemistry and Biology; all of them involve maths.

We have researched extensively and ended up with a report which contains many formulae, functions and methods, some charts and a model depicting 2 crime scenes which can be solved using basic mathematics.

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Title: A unique solution for car parking problems in metrosSubject Category: MathsName: Ambika Pachaury & Vani Gupta Std: 10Guide: Vineeta AggarwalSchool: Amity International School, Sector-44, Noida, U.P

ABSTRACT:

India's population is increasing day by day and so are the number of cars on the road. However, the parking area is limited. Increasing it is a difficult job therefore we need to find innovative ways to park cars so that a larger number of cars can be accommodated. Realizing this need, we decided to find an innovative parking system keeping our school's parking and traffic regulation problem in mind. For our project, we took the measurements of our school's and the roads near it's dimensions. We used the trigonometric ratio sinθ=perpendicular/hypotenuse in a right angled triangle made in a parking stall to calculate the angle that should be used to construct it. Taking the width of a car to be a constant number which is 11 feet keeping in mind all kinds of cars as well as the aisle length needed to open the doors, the new formula obtained is SINθ=WIDTH OF CAR/WIDTH OF CAR PARKING STALL in which the angle is inversely proportional to the width of stall. Using this, we did some calculations to find the appropriate angle for our school parking system, which have been shown below. We found that although 90 parks maximum number of cars it causes problems in car turning and maneuvering while a 45 angle would park too less cars so we took an urban design manual and keeping in mind the width of the road left for cars to travel which is only 17 ft we concluded that 60 would be the most appropriate angle. Apart from this we also came to realize that one way traffic flow would be better suited for such an area. So we designed one way traffic flow for Amity wherein we enter the school campus from the side road of Noida Expressway and exit from the Amity Chowk.

Project Code : Maths-04 (Team) (Jr) Online ID:435

Title: USE OF RIGIDITY OF TRIANGLES IN CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES

Subject Category: MathsName: SANJANA MALIK & KHUSHI NEHRA Std: 7Guide: S. KAMALAMBALSchool: AMITY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, SECTOR-44, NOIDA,

U.P.ABSTRACT:

Rigidity is the physical property of being stiff and thereby resisting deformations. Rigid structures are those structures which do not change in shape when subjected to external loads. The property of rigidity is more in triangles than any other polygon, for it is not possible to change the length of a side without changing at least one of the angles, and also it is not possible to change any one the angles without changing the length of one of the sides. Thus,

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triangles have a great advantage in rigidity.

As rigidity is inversely proportional to the angle (Rigidity ∝1/angle) , that is, lesser the angle,

the more the rigidity is. So, our research started at this point and we incorporated this idea in building a model, which shows the transfer of most of the load on the pillar when the moving load is at the center and tries to transfer the load to the earth when the load is at the entry and exit point, through the concept used in cable-stayed bridges.

The efficiency of the bridge is calculated using the formula-Efficiency=(Weight the bridge can hold)/(Weight of the bridge)The efficiency can further be increased by lightening the deck and the weight of the cables used.


Title: ADVANCED PROJECTILE DESIGNING THROUGH THE STUDY OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS OF PROJECTILE MOTION.

Subject Category: MathsName: YADURAJ GUPTA & ROHIT S REMELLA Std: 11Guide: SHUBHAM CHAKRABORTYSchool: AMITY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL VASUNDHARA

ABSTRACT:With the help of computer programming, wind tunnel analyses and mathematical modelling in this project we have tried to analyse the projectile motion in greater details than what is taught at school level. Through our studies and incorporation of all possible physical aspects which effect a projectile motion such as air drag and fluid dynamics, we have tried to create equations which mimic the original motion to as great detail as possible. Through this we have created a new way to overcome the aerodynamic effects that plague most unguided projectiles such as cannon shells. We intend to take the study forward into greater details and end up with a mechanism of creating projectiles which will be able to counter the aerodynamic effects.To do this study we have taken help of various theorems in physics as well as python programming language to study the effect in greater details.

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Documents

to download the abstract book - Science Society of India