To-HQ-02-026-00 Philosophy Communications Security Systems Onshore

OMV Exploration & Production GmbH

00 Final Issue HCG 31/5/05 JEA 31/5/05 PZ 03/6/05 MF 03/6/05

A2 Client Comments Incorporated HCG 26/03/05 AKO 26/03/05 GS 30/03/05

A1 Issued for Comment/Approval HCG 26/01/05 AKO 26/01/05 AS 26/01/05

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Issue or Revision Description Origin By

Date Chkd By

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Philosophy for

Communications and Security Systems Onshore

Document NumberTO-HQ-02-026-00


Document Number Rev Page Philosophy for Communications and Security Systems

Onshore TO-HQ-02-026 00 2 of 28

Revision Description of revision A1 Issued for Comment / Approval

A2 Client Comments Incorporated

00 Final Issue




Contents

1.0 PREFACE .......................................................................................................................5

2.0 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................5

3.0 ABBREVIATIONS...........................................................................................................5

4.0 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................6 4.1 General ....................................................................................................................................... 6

5.0 APPLICABLE CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS........................................6 5.1 Codes and Standards List ........................................................................................................ 7

6.0 SYSTEM GOAL ............................................................................................................10

7.0 SYSTEM BOUNDARIES ..............................................................................................10

8.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY................................................................................................11 8.1 Public Address and Alarm System Onshore Plant............................................................... 11 8.2 Area Coverage Design ............................................................................................................ 11 8.3 Types of Alarm Signal ............................................................................................................. 11 8.4 Alarm Priority Access ............................................................................................................. 12 8.5 Interface to Other Systems ..................................................................................................... 12 8.6 PA / GA System Access .......................................................................................................... 12 8.7 Speech Requirements ............................................................................................................. 13 8.8 Loudspeakers and Flashing Lights ....................................................................................... 13 8.9 Telephone Communication System....................................................................................... 13 8.10 Plant Radio System for Onshore Plant .................................................................................. 16 8.11 Physical Interfaces .................................................................................................................. 21 8.12 Aviation Flight Operations Control ........................................................................................ 22 8.13 Closed Circuit Television System .......................................................................................... 23 8.14 Security Systems..................................................................................................................... 24 8.15 Entrance Control...................................................................................................................... 25 8.16 Power Supplies ........................................................................................................................ 26

9.0 MAINTENANCE IN DESIGN ........................................................................................28




10.0 DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS.........................................................................28

11.0 CERTIFYING AUTHORITY REVIEW REQUIREMENTS..............................................28




1.0 PREFACE

This Philosophy defines the OMV Exploration & Production GmbH corporate policy on the design of Communications and Security Systems for onshore hydrocarbon production and processing facilities. The document specifies basic requirements and criteria, defines the appropriate codes and standards, and assists in the standardisation of facilities design across all onshore operations.

The design process needs to consider project specific factors such as the location, production composition, production rates and pressures, the process selected and the size of the plant. This philosophy aims to address a wide range of the above variables, however it is recognised that not all circumstances can be covered. In situations where project specific considerations may justify deviation from this philosophy, a document supporting the request for deviation shall be submitted to OMV E&P for approval.

Reference should be made to the parent of this philosophy, document number TO-HQ-02-001 for information on deviation procedures and Technical Authorities, general requirements and definitions and abbreviations not specific to this document.

2.0 DEFINITIONS

There are no definitions with particular relevance to this document.

3.0 ABBREVIATIONS

The following abbreviations are significant to this document.

CCITT International Committee for Telephony and Telegraphy Recommendations

DECT Digital European Cordless Telecommunications DPNSS Digital Private Network Signalling System DTMF Dual Tone Multi-Frequency GHz 1 GHz = 1000 MHz MF Medium Frequency (300 kHz to 3 MHz) MHz 1 MHz = 1000 kHz




PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network UHF Ultra High Frequency (300 MHz to 3000 MHz) VHF Very High Frequency (30 MHz to 300 MHz)

4.0 INTRODUCTION

This document describes the Philosophy for Communications and Security Systems to be adopted for OMVs Onshore Plant(s) and installations. This document serves as a basis of design for onshore plant. The philosophy combines the statutory requirements with good design practice and economic considerations for the installation. The structure of onshore telecommunications has evolved in line with statutory requirements, health and safety legislation, operational needs and technological advances.

4.1 General

4.1.1 Scope and Purpose

This document describes the OMV Philosophy for Communications and Security Systems Onshore and provides guidance on the type of telecommunications and telecommunications systems required on the onshore plants, covering the communications needed around the appropriate plant, for both regular and emergency communications. This philosophy takes account of good design practice, health, and safety legislation and technical and economic considerations.

5.0 APPLICABLE CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

Codes, standards and regulations referred to in this philosophy shall be of the latest edition and shall be applied in the following order of precedence: -

Local Regulations, The provision of this document, International standards (e.g. ISO, IEC etc),




National standards. Design of the Communications and Security Systems shall comply with the standards listed within this philosophy, however, for instances where local standards are more onerous local standards shall apply.

5.1 Codes and Standards List

The Referenced standards may be replaced by the equivalent standards that are internationally or otherwise recognised provided that it can be shown to the satisfaction of OMV that they meet or exceed the requirements of the referenced standards.

British Standards

BS 2316 Specification for Radio Frequency Cables BS 2950 Specification. Cartridge fuse-links for

telecommunication and light electrical apparatus BS 3939 Graphical symbols for electrical power,

telecommunications and electronics diagrams. BS 4808(Parts 1-5) Specification for L.F. cables and wires with PVC

insulation and PVC sheath for telecommunication. BS 5428 Part 2 Methods for specifying and measuring the

characteristics of sound system equipment - amplifiers.

BS 6204 Specification for safety of data processing equipment

BS 6259 Code of practice for the planning and installation of sound systems.

BS 6305 Specification for general requirements for apparatus for connection to public switched telephone networks run by certain public telecommunication operators.

BS 6312 Connectors for analogue telecommunication interfaces.

BS 6317 Specification for simple telephones for connection to public switched telephone networks run by certain public telecommunications operators




BS 6328 Apparatus for connection to private circuits run by certain public telecommunication operators.

BS 6450 Private branch exchanges for connection to public switched telephone networks run by certain public telecommunication operators.

BS 6656 Guide to Prevention of inadvertent ignition of flammable atmospheres by radio frequency radiation Revised 1991.

BS 6701 Code of practice for installation of apparatus intended for connection to certain telecommunication systems

BS 6789 Apparatus with one or more particular functions for connection to public switched telephone networks run by certain public telecommunications operators.

BS 7378 Apparatus for connection to public telecommunications systems using the Digital Access Signalling System No. 2 (DASS 2) via a 2048 kbit/s CCITT Recommendation G.703 interface.

BS 7602 Guide to general considerations for telecommunication services for electrical power systems

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation (CENELEC)

EN 187101 Optical Telecommunications Cables to be Used in Ducts or Direct Buried Application

EN 41003 Particular safety requirements for equipment to be connected to telecommunication networks

EN 60617 Graphical symbols for electrical power, telecommunications and electronics diagrams.

EN 60794-3 Optical fibre cables. Telecommunication cables. Sectional specification Specifies the requirements of single-mode optical fibre cables which are




intended to be used primarily in public telecommunication networks

European Telecommunications Standards Institute

ETR 027 Methods of measurement for private mobile radio equipment

ETR 028 Radio equipment and systems; uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics

DE/TM-4005 Digital 4, 6, 7 and 8 GHz band radio links DE/TM-4006 Digital and analogue 55 GHz band radio links DE/TM-4010 Digital 13, 14 and 15 GHz band radio links DE/TM-4011 Digital 18 GHz radio links Unmarked Digital 1.5 GHz radio links prETS 300 237/238/239/240 Private telecommunications network prTBR 006/ 3prTBR 10 DECT ETS 300 086 Angle-modulated VHF and UHF radio equipment

for use at fixed and mobile stations in the Private Mobile Radio Service

I-ETS 300 113 Angle-modulated VHF and UHF radio equipment for use at fixed and mobile stations in the Private Mobile Radio Service

ETS 300 162 VHF marine radios ETS 300 175 Radio equipment and systems; Digital European

Cordless Telecommunications Common interface (DECT)

ETS 300 197 Digital and analogue 38 GHz band radio links ETS 300 198 Digital and analogue 23 GHz band radio links ETS 300 219 VHF/UHF hand-portable radios ETS 300 242 Group 3 facsimile equipment ETS 300 296 VHF/UHF hand-portable radios




International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 60079-1 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas

atmospheres. Flameproof enclosures 'd' IEC 60079-7 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas

atmospheres. Increased Safety 'e IEC 60079-11 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas

atmospheres. Intrinsic Safety 'i IEC 60079-14 Electrical apparatus for explosive gas

atmospheres. Electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than mines)

IEC 60794 Parts 1, 2 and 3 Optical Fibre Cables IEC 60096-2 Radio Frequency Cables

IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (Ingress Protection Code)

International Standards Organisation RJ11 Four core telephone and data connector RJ45 (ISO 8877) Eight core data connector (used in 10 Base T data

wiring systems).

6.0 SYSTEM GOAL

The goal of the Communications and Security systems is to provide a highly reliable communications infrastructure that will provide voice and data communications; local to the onshore plant, nationally within the country in which the plant is located, and globally with other internationally located OMV facilities.

7.0 SYSTEM BOUNDARIES

The boundaries of the communications system shall exist locally where there is an external interface with other Company Systems equipment / hardware to facilitate the transfer of data / information to other Company Systems / Locations




throughout the Onshore Plant. Boundaries shall also exist where OMV systems are required to interface with external telecommunications systems for the purpose of transferring data via independent third party systems nationally (and globally) externally to the Onshore Plant.

8.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

The philosophy shall be that suited to an Onshore Plant

8.1 Public Address and Alarm System Onshore Plant Public Address / Alarm (PA) facilities shall be required, a combined Public Address/Alarm system shall be provided which shall utilise an unduplicated arrangement of equipment, with the main equipment rack being located in the Plant Control Centre or other suitable equipment room. Dependent on local authorities PA access may be limited to office buildings.

8.2 Area Coverage Design

The system should provide alarm tone and voice coverage to all locations where personnel could be present. In areas with ambient noise above 87 dBA the loudspeakers should be supplemented with flashing lights or beacons to call attention to broadcasted alarms or important messages.

Loudspeakers should be installed in areas where acoustic communication is normally impossible due to high noise level. The system should be designed for the situation when the particular noise source is shut off for maintenance.

8.3 Types of Alarm Signal Dependent on the installation type and location, the following alarm and warning signals should be provided for the appropriate PAGA System:-

General Alarm (Go to Plant Internal Muster Stations) Local Alarm (Go to Plant External Assembly Points) Toxic Gas Alarm (as required)




The signal characteristics for both audible and visible alarms should be detailed by local requirements and should be harmonised with current accepted practice.

The Toxic alarm should use a different colour of flashing light to distinguish it from the General alarm signal in areas with high ambient noise.

The flashing lights for the General Alarm and the Toxic Alarm should be controlled from the PAGA System.

8.4 Alarm Priority Access

If an emergency speech announcement is made during an alarm broadcast then the speech should replace the alarm tone for the duration of the announcement; however, visual alarms should continue to operate. The priority system should be capable of accepting additional control units or changing priorities without rewiring or taking the PAGA System out of service.

8.5 Interface to Other Systems

8.5.1 Fire and Gas Equipment

The General alarm should be automatically initiated from the Fire and Gas equipment in addition to the manually controlled initiation from access units.

8.5.2 PABX The PAGA System may include interfaces to accept inputs through the PABX from designated extensions, i.e. restricted by the defined class of service access groups for PABX services.

8.6 PAGA System Access

In addition to being able to automatically initiate the General Alarm from the Fire and Gas system on the installation, the PAGA system should be able to initiate all alarms and broadcast speech announcements from Access Control Units (ACU). Each access control unit should contain all equipment necessary for voice announcements and alarm generation to the PAGA system. The alarm signals should be manually initiated from the various access control units.




8.7 Speech Requirements

Preferably each access control unit should be fitted with a panel mounted swan neck noise cancelling microphone. The audio amplifiers distribution to the loudspeakers should operate with a nominal line voltage of 100V.

8.8 Loudspeakers and Flashing Lights

All loudspeakers should have the appropriate certification for the designated areas. Flashing lights for high noise areas should be of a xenon strobe or rotating mirror halogen lamp type that are capable of emitting light that is seen clearly in all directions.

8.9 Telephone Communication System Where applicable the system shall provide all plant and external trunks, and all plant telephone extensions. Plant dependent, facilities should be included for connection into the public switched telephone network, for inter-telephone network PABX tie-line circuits and for interfaces to the site's hand-portable radio and radio paging systems. It shall have the facility to be capable to interface directly to digital radio links via Digital Private Network Signalling System (DPNSS) interfaces.

8.9.1 Operational Requirements for the Telephone System

The telephone system should provide external and internal telephone communications facilities for various locations on the plant, and should adhere to OMV's telephone philosophy, i.e. services, facilities numbering scheme and how the network is used should be consistent with OMV's stated practice. Special restrictions on calls and services may be introduced for connection to the PSTN. The telephone system should use a common numbering and signalling scheme and be designed so that its services are integrated with OMV's existing telephone network.

8.9.2 Telephone System and Extension Features

The automatic telephone system should provide programmable telephone features to all telephone extensions. Telephone extension features should be allocated to extensions on the basis of an extension feature programmable class of service. Adequate extension feature classes should be available to permit sufficient combinations of features to meet all normal and anticipated future requirements.




8.9.3 Operator Facilities

The telephone system should include adequate facilities for operator assisted calls. Two or more operator consoles may be required to provide for assistance with answering incoming calls and call set-up.

8.9.4 Numbering Plan

The numbering plan should be consistent with OMV's telephone network and should be verified with the existing operations personnel before commencing detailed design. The intention is to provide a unified linked-numbering plan for calls to and from PABXs within OMVs network. In order to achieve this, extension users should only require to key a code and the called extension number for access anywhere within the Network or a unique number for the appropriate site PABX operator.

8.9.5 Reliability and Safety Aspects

The telephone system equipment should be fully modular utilising Stored Program Control (SPC). The equipment may be centralised or distributed. Reliability of the telephone system is critical to operations and certain safeguards should be put into place to avoid complete failures. This applies to software failures, equipment failures, system failures, operator mistakes, fire, physical damage and power failures. In particular, no single equipment failure should be allowed to cause total disruption of service of the telephone system.

The maximum number of extension and/or trunk circuits that may be adversely affected by any single unit failure should be kept to a minimum.

The telephone system equipment should be powered from a central UPS or alternatively, the equipment may be powered from a dedicated no-break power supply with battery bank and charger. Telephone sets would generally be line powered. Local power would normally be accepted only for telephone sets and other terminals that do not serve emergency purposes. The operator console(s) should be powered from the UPS or dedicated power supply. The maintenance terminal would be powered from a local regulated supply.

A supervisory system should be provided which is capable of carrying out automatic fault diagnosis of the telephone system. The supervisory system should be capable of displaying and updating alarm function information relating to all equipment associated with the telephone system.




8.9.6 Interfaces

Standard physical and network interfaces should be used for all external connections and these should be confirmed with the design requirements of each facility required.

8.9.7 Indoor Telephones

All indoor office type telephones should be provided with wall mounted plug/sockets and should be suitable for desk and wall mounting. Telephone sets should be push button type and have a recall (R) push-button for hold/enquiry transfer functions. This should be timed break for 40 to 150 milliseconds. All telephone instruments selected should be identical, the same colour and mechanically suitable for the type of use intended. Telephones should be selected as analogue, digital and/or loud-speaking/hands-free type, as follows:-

Analogue Telephones Analogue telephone sets should employ MF4 DTMF signalling according to CCITT rec. Q.23. Normal office type telephones are usually provided for non-hazardous areas. These are normally fitted with a switch giving facilities for loop disconnect (LD) and multi frequency tone (MF) signalling and with the ability to select either 'earth' or 'timed-break' recall. Non corrosive sound protected acoustic hoods should be fitted where telephones are wall mounted in open recreation areas or corridors. Digital Telephones Digital telephone sets may be provided where additional functions are required, such as: secretarial functions and other special services. Digital telephone sets should employ digital signalling.

Office Loud-Speaking Hands-Free Telephones Each loud-speaking telephone should give satisfactory performance and quality so that a user can have a telephone conversation a maximum of 5 meters from the instrument.




8.9.8 Hazardous Area Telephones

Robust wall mounted telephone instruments are required for hazardous areas. All telephones should preferably be installed in non-corrosive sound protected acoustic hoods with externally mounted non-corrosive loud ringing bells or sounders. In high noise areas the telephone bell on each instrument should be supplemented with a non-corrosive white (clear) flashing light that is controlled from the telephone set. The telephone sets, bells and flashing lights should be non corrosive and certified for operation in Zone 1 areas, adoption of Zone 1 certification allows commonality of equipment.

8.9.9 Office Intercom System An office type intercom system may be required for specific installations. The main purpose of the system would be to provide communication between offices, and control/radio consoles, equipment and other rooms requiring means of high quality hands free communication with single button access.

8.10 Plant Radio System for Onshore Plant

For very small plants, a radio system consisting of a main station in the control room and a number of handheld radios all operating on a single radio frequency should be adequate. For all other plants, a trunked radio system should be chosen since this will provide the necessary flexibility and a framework for growth. The number of handheld radios needed will depend on the operating philosophy of the plant. Discussions should be held with the operations department at an early stage. Most private radio systems use the 450 or 900 MHz bands but higher frequencies may be allocated if there are many other users in the area.

8.10.1 Trunked Radio

For a trunked system, the minimum number of radio channels is three; a control channel and two traffic channels. This will support 20 to 50 users depending on the number of calls they make. More channels can be added to support more traffic from more users. While a system with one traffic channel is technically feasible it has operational limitations and should be avoided. Software in the control station allows users to be allocated to virtual groups. These groups communicate with each other over the two or more traffic channels e.g. operations, maintenance, security. Priorities can be set to resolve conflicts when there are more callers than traffic channels to support




them. A user can also belong to more than one group, e.g. operations group and an emergency team group. Allocations can be changed from the main system console. For small systems having no more than 3 channels each base station shall have a stand-by transmitter/receiver set. Switch-over from one set to the other shall be done manually. For a trunking system, the loss of a channel would not be serious, since all channels are dynamically shared but users may have to wait longer to obtain a free channel. Depending on the size and criticality of the system, at least one spare transmitter/receiver should be kept on site. The control unit assigning the channels shall have redundancy built in. Each user group shall have one or more radio operator consoles which should be capable of being placed at any point in the plant. A radio operator console consisting of a handset or microphone, loudspeaker and push-to-talk button should be provided at every operator position in the (central) control room. The loudspeaker is used to monitor the conversation of the operational group and of the security group. Alternatively, separate loudspeakers may be considered, in which case the volume of both speakers shall be individually adjustable, and the system shall be designed such that there is no acoustic feedback. NOTE: If the radio operator console is to be built into the desk or panel, timely co-ordination with the engineer responsible for the design of the instrument desk or panel is required.

8.10.2 Location and Antenna

The radio equipment and associated antennas should be located in a position to give optimum coverage of the plant. A telecommunications tower may be require. If it is not possible to provide reliable coverage from a single location, one or more repeaters should be considered. For coverage inside buildings, tunnels or areas shaded by steelwork a leaky feeder constructed from coaxial cable may be used.

8.10.3 Extra Connection Points

When communication is required into a space or area where radio transmissions are prohibited, e.g. in the vicinity of certain electronic equipment, then a wired audio channel shall be provided. For this purpose, a number of sockets into which a headset can be plugged shall be distributed in




the room or basement area. The sockets shall be connected to a transmitter/receiver, which shall be treated as a portable/mobile. The number and distribution of the sockets shall be such that easy accessibility to all cabinets is obtained. Two headsets per room shall be provided.

8.10.4 Interface with the Telephone Exchange

Depending on operational requirements, the radio system may be connected to the telephone exchange allowing automatic access to a radio channel by telephone. This is only applicable to trunked systems. Access to a radio channel shall be limited to selected extensions only. This restriction is a feature which is possible with modern telephone exchanges. It shall be assured in the design of the interface that access from the radio operator console to the radio channel is not blocked by communication between the radio channel and a telephone set.

8.10.5 Handheld Radios

Handheld (portable) radios for use in plants shall have a type of protection "EX-i" (intrinsically safe, preferably type "EX-ia") as specified by IEC 60079-11. The handheld radios shall be small and light weight (maximum 1 kg, including battery pack) and shall be physically robust to withstand the harsh environment and rough handling on site. Each handheld radio shall be provided with:

short flexible antenna (helicoil or short whip); a leather case and carrying strap;

a separate microphone/speaker/push-to-talk button, which can be

attached to the collar of a jacket; in some cases it may be desirable to install this in a safety hat;

two battery packs: one in use and one being recharged.

Handheld radios used in extreme conditions (e.g. operations and fire-fighting) shall be "splash waterproof", having an ingress protection (IP) of minimum IP 54 as defined by IEC 60529.




A sufficient number of charging units shall be provided at all locations where handheld radios are kept. The battery chargers should be capable of "rapid" charging. Radio batteries are expensive and if there are a significant number of radios (say 20 or more), a computer based battery charging and management system should be considered.

Additional spare handheld radios should be purchased to replace units withdrawn for maintenance.

8.10.6 Vehicle Radios

The plant radio system should be used only for communications within the plant boundary and shall only be used when the vehicle is stationary. All the radios will therefore be handheld. If there are operational requirements for radios to be used in vehicles, special adapters should be available as an option from the Manufacturer. When a handheld radio is inserted into this adapter, then use shall be made of:

the vehicle battery instead of the battery of the handheld radio; a car-mounted antenna; a separate audio amplifier and loudspeaker mounted in the car. It is unlikely that permanently installed mobile radios will be required but if they are, they shall be of durable design to withstand the intended use (such as in a rough-terrain vehicle on unpaved roads). The vehicle battery shall power the radio and an antenna shall be installed on the car. If necessary the vehicle shall be equipped with a suppressor to overcome the electromagnetic noise generated by the vehicle engine.

8.10.7 Power Supply

The plant radio system is crucial to the safe operation of the plant, especially during plant upsets. It should be assured that the system will continue to operate in the event of a mains failure. To obtain a high degree of availability, the system shall be powered from a battery backed power system. The battery back-up time depends on the operational requirements but should be at least 8 hours.




8.10.8 Operational Radio System

The function of the Operational Radio System is to provide a secure means of communication between personnel who are required by the nature of their duties to be mobile, but who, at the same time, need to be in constant contact with the Plant Control Centre (PCC) and with one another. It shall also provide the main means of person to person communication within the site from the Emergency Response Centre during emergency situations. The system shall comprise one or more radio base stations, coaxial feeder, antennas and hand-portable radios, and shall, under present radio licensing arrangements, operate in the UHF frequency band.

Hand portable radios shall be intrinsically safe and certified for use as stated in 8.10.5 above.

The radios shall also be supported by a range of accessories necessary for onshore plant operations and be provided with battery charging facilities located within a safe area.

The radio base stations shall be located in either the PCC or some other suitable area within the Emergency Response Centre.

A distributed antenna system shall be utilised to ensure complete coverage of the installation.

8.10.9 Trunked Radio Telephone System (Optional)

The principal purpose of a trunked radio system shall be to minimise the number of hard-wired telephones in order to reduce telephone cable installation on site, in situations where the site manning levels will be low. Offsetting any installation cost savings, will be the cost of the radio trunking switch and the relatively high price of the associated hand portable radios.

A secondary consideration shall be the extent to which a trunked radio system, if provided, might enhance or be a substitute for the operational radio system.

Trunked radio techniques enable hand portable radios to act as telephone extensions, which can selectively call their control centre, other hand portables, and hard-wired telephone extensions. The hand portables may also dial up the PABX to be given the same telephone access facilities as a normal hard-wired instrument.




The Trunked Radio System will not necessarily provide open channel calling between the control centre and hand portables and between hand portables, which may be considered to be operationally essential, particularly when dealing with emergency situations. Its ability to do so will depend upon how the system is designed and the number of radio channels that are made available for its use.

The Trunked Radio System should not automatically be looked upon as a substitute for the Operational Radio System.

8.10.10 Tropospheric Radio System

It is not anticipated that the troposcatter radio systems will be provided on new facilities, so this topic has been omitted from this philosophy.

8.11 Physical Interfaces

The system designer should define the interface requirements between the different data communication networks at the physical layer level. The interface connection specifications should contain:-

mechanical information such as type of connector and cable connections;

electrical characteristics such as the type and amplitude of the signal; procedural information including the signal timing; functional information which describes the purpose of the signals.

Interfaces between different data communication networks at the physical layer level can be grossly understated, and it is important for different contractors and/or suppliers to clearly understand the requirement for interconnection. For guidance the following parameters should be defined to avoid confusion in this area:-

Interface standard used. Asynchronous or synchronous. Date rate. Balanced or unbalanced. Logic voltage level used.




Pin connections allocated/required. Length of interconnection cable. Type of interconnection cable used. Cable capacitance (where applicable). Details of the procedural protocol, timing and control.

8.12 Aviation Flight Operations Control Where it has been necessary for OMV to provide a local airstrip to facilitate access to remote their plants i.e. desert locations, the capability to communicate, two way, and to provide navigational guidance to both fixed and rotary winged aircraft, in accordance with the requirements of the ICAO will be provided. A suitable building / location will be provided to house the telecommunications equipment. As a minimum this will include the following. A secure power supply, as per the type detailed in 8.16 will be required to power the equipment. An aviation non-directional radio beacon (NDB) will be provided. This will be controlled from the Flight Operations Control Centre. Air band radio facilities will be provided to support flight operations. Fixed Air band radios will be provided in strategic locations, including the Emergency Control Centre. Hand portable radios will be provided for local co-ordination of fixed and rotary winged aircraft landing operations. Accessories, including headsets, will be provided with each hand portable Air band radio. Where appropriate full RADAR facilities are to be provided. A meteorological monitoring package will provide weather data for flight operations. The weather information will be provided in the Flight Operations Control Centre. Other locations can confirm current weather conditions by contact with the FOCC. The weather data will include, as a minimum:

Air pressure Wind speed and direction Air temperature Visibility




8.13 Closed Circuit Television System 8.13.1 Operational Requirements

A number of closed circuit television systems (CCTV) may be installed on the site to aid the visual supervision and surveillance of certain critical operations. The main objectives of the CCTV system(s) are to monitor unmanned machinery, critical equipment and critical operations. A CCTV system may also be required to monitor personnel movements.

8.13.2 Design Requirements

Each CCTV system should be able to produce either monochrome or colour moving scene video pictures from areas on the installation that are situated in low lighting conditions.

Cameras should be equipped with all necessary accessories to provide the functions and features that are required for their location and viewing requirements.

Control panels should be fitted at the central CCTV monitor locations to provide the main interface between the operator and the cameras. All necessary controls for remote operation should be located in the panels.

8.13.3 Equipment Requirements

The CCTV systems should be configured from the following main items of equipment:-

Camera and Monitor Control Panels The control of each CCTV system should be arranged from a main control panel. The panel should be equipped with facilities for selection and control of individual cameras as required. Monitors Each CCTV monitor should be suitable for console mounting and would be fitted with on/off switch, brightness and contrast controls. Monitors are typically 14 inch.




Central Video Equipment Any central video equipment which requires no handling during normal operation would normally be incorporated in equipment cabinets and located in an equipment room adjacent to the control panels and monitors. The cabinets would normally house any camera control equipment, video distribution units, cable equalisation correction units and power supplies. The cabinets should preferably be 19" EIA standard type. Camera Equipment The camera equipment should be selected to meet the overall operational requirements for the system with particular reference to lighting conditions and system resolution. Pan and tilt units may be required to remotely control the positioning of the cameras. Typically, the pan and tilt units should allow a pan rotation of +180 and a tilt rotation of -20 to +60. Window washer and wiper units would be installed in areas where mud, oil, sea spray etc. could be deposited on the camera housing window during normal operation.

8.14 Security Systems

Telecommunications provide support to an overall security plan and procedures appropriate to the local threats and consequences. The telecommunications aspects may include:

entrance control; intruder detection; communication with security staff; communication with city or national security forces.

Simple systems are best and the local maintenance capability will often limit the complexity that can be used.

If an emergency speech message is made during an active alarm tone then this alarm tone should be attenuated for the duration of the emergency speech message to allow the speech to be audible above it.




8.15 Entrance Control The security plan will have divided the plant to be protected into separate zones, some or all of which may need an entrance control system to:

Permit and register incoming and outgoing personnel; Give entrance/exit to vehicles.

The system and procedure shall control the specified area and establish the inventory of people within that area.

Authorised persons and/or vehicles are provided with electronic badges or tags. Each badge is unique and is interrogated by fixed equipment (badge readers) at the normal entrances and exits. The interrogation should be by inductive coupling or radio and should not rely on physical contact with the card.

There shall be separate badge readers to record in-coming and out-going persons. The system shall contain a data base of valid cards with the name of the bearer. Facilities for restricted areas and time-zones shall be provided. The system shall check the validity of the card and shall record each reading.

The contents of the memory of the badge reader shall not be lost in case of power failure. The system shall start automatically at power return.

Each reader position shall be provided with indication "valid" and "invalid" and intercom facilities to the gate-house. The "valid/invalid" indication shall be repeated in the gate-house.

The pedestrian entrance mechanism shall allow entrance of one person after the reading of a valid card.

The car and truck entrance may be equipped with traffic lights and barriers. The barriers shall be controllable from the gate house; depending on a switch setting, the barrier shall open and, if applicable, the traffic light shall turn green on the presentation of a valid card. There shall be readers at two heights, i.e. one for cars and one for trucks.

The gate-house shall have intercom facilities to all badge reader locations.

All entrances and exits shall have an emergency release, controllable from the gate-house.




All emergency exits shall be interfaced with the system; open position shall raise an alarm at the gate-house.

8.15.1 Intruder Detection

The intruder detection system provides an alarm when persons or vehicles attempt entry or exit other than through the recognised entrances. Fences and/or guards protect most plants, but these "conventional" protection methods are often insufficient and additional measures are then required.

The system should detect attempted entry reliably and without false alarms due to weather, birds, animals etc. There are many methods and systems. The choice is usually not easy, as more than one system may be needed, and specialist advice is required. CCTV as described in Section 8.12 above should be considered to provide a visual check and back-up to other alarm system(s).

8.15.2 Communication with Security Staff

Communication with security staff throughout the plant and offices will be an integral part of the security plan since these staff will provide the human response to alarms raised by the automatic equipment. They will normally be assigned a separate group on the plant trunked radio system. If there is no trunked radio system they may need their own radio channel. In extreme cases, encryption of the radio traffic may be required to prevent intruders overhearing or interfering with instructions to the security staff.

8.15.3 Communication with Local or National Security Forces

Installation security staff may not be able to deal with all situations and back-up from city or national security forces may be required. The plant PABX will provide the normal means of communication but a separate secure line may be justified. In extreme cases this may need to be protected from interception or from being cut off, e.g. a direct radio link.

8.16 Power Supplies 8.16.1 General

Power supplies for telecommunications systems will be derived from one of three sources:




The main A.C. distribution switchboard, which is fed from the installation's main generation system;

The emergency A.C. distribution switchboard, which is fed from both the installation's main generation system and emergency generation system.

The installation's D.C. battery supported no-break supply. On failure of the main generation equipment there will be a break in the supply from the emergency distribution switchboard during the start-up time of the emergency generator.

The outlets from either distribution board may be fed to the telecommunications equipment via A.C. or D.C. Un-interruptible Power Supply (UPS) units.

UPS sources shall be used for telecommunications systems where no break in the supply can be tolerated, either because of mandatory requirements, or where breaks in transmission would significantly impair operational efficiency, or where the equipment design is such that damage may result.

The telecommunications systems designer shall, for each system, identify the type and reliability of the power supply required and, in conjunction with the electrical designer, arrange for the appropriate provision to be made.

8.16.2 Public Address and Audible Alarm Systems

Where local regulation stipulate mandatory duplicated systems each set of the duplicated equipment shall be powered from the Emergency Switchboard via separate A.C. or D.C. UPS systems.

8.16.3 Power Supplies for Operational Telecommunications Equipment The operational telecommunications systems, with the exception of those classed as non-essential services, are generally considered as forming part of an installation's 'Minimum Life Support Equipment' and as such shall be powered from the Emergency Switchboard, normally via UPS outlets.

Because of the particular needs of the telephone exchange, the no-break battery supply equipment is usually provided as part of the telephone system.




9.0 MAINTENANCE IN DESIGN The telecommunications system (s) shall be designed taking maintainability into consideration by simplifying maintenance and reducing maintenance costs where practical.

10.0 DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS

The following project documents should be produced as a minimum to cover the design of the telecommunications system:

Front end engineering design (FEED)

Onshore Plant Operational philosophy Block Diagrams Design specification of telecommunications packaged / systems Calculations

Detailed design

Documents listed under FEED above. Functional design specification of telecommunications packages /

systems

Equipment Location and Layout drawings Equipment General arrangement drawings Hook Up and Termination Diagrams Vendor / Supplier Drawings Calculations

11.0 CERTIFYING AUTHORITY REVIEW REQUIREMENTS

Some onshore plants may require the entire design to be certified or verified by an independent authority due to local regulations or as instructed by OMV. Under these circumstances an agreement should be made with the certifying authority early in the design phase as to documents they require for review:

The agreed documents should be issued to the CA in a timely manner to ensure completion of the design verification preferably before commencing construction.

PREFACEDEFINITIONSABBREVIATIONSINTRODUCTIONGeneralScope and Purpose

APPLICABLE CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONSCodes and Standards List

SYSTEM GOALSYSTEM BOUNDARIESDESIGN PHILOSOPHYPublic Address and Alarm System Onshore PlantArea Coverage DesignTypes of Alarm SignalAlarm Priority AccessInterface to Other SystemsFire and Gas Equipment

PAGA System AccessSpeech RequirementsLoudspeakers and Flashing LightsTelephone Communication SystemOperational Requirements for the Telephone SystemTelephone System and Extension FeaturesOperator FacilitiesNumbering PlanReliability and Safety AspectsInterfacesIndoor TelephonesHazardous Area Telephones

Plant Radio System for Onshore PlantTrunked RadioLocation and AntennaExtra Connection PointsInterface with the Telephone ExchangeHandheld RadiosVehicle RadiosPower SupplyOperational Radio SystemTrunked Radio Telephone System (Optional)Tropospheric Radio System

Physical InterfacesAviation Flight Operations ControlClosed Circuit Television SystemOperational RequirementsDesign RequirementsEquipment Requirements

8.14 Security SystemsEntrance ControlIntruder DetectionCommunication with Security StaffCommunication with Local or National Security Forces

Power SuppliesGeneralPublic Address and Audible Alarm Systems

MAINTENANCE IN DESIGNDOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTSCERTIFYING AUTHORITY REVIEW REQUIREMENTS