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CPR for life
Welcome
« Everything about CPR »New 2005 standards
NoticeThis slide-show is for private use only.
The public viewing, copy or any other usage are strickly forbidden.
All rights reserved
This slide-show cannot replace in any way, an apropriate CPR trained course in First-Aid and CPR given by certified
instructors
Demo
This is a demo of the slide-show« CPR for life »
83 slides on a total of 285 in it’s original version.
Make your choice
•You can view the slide show as it is… click in the screen to continue…
Or
•Or choose a subjet in the next following menu
Main Menu
• Law and rules about first-aid• The goals of First-Aid• Protect yourself• The intervention protocol(Démo)
• Heart disease (Démo)
• Unconsciousness and loss of consciousness
• The CPR technic
• Cerebral stroke (Démo)
• Drowning accident
•Adult (Démo)•Infant•Baby
• Respiratory unchoking
•Conscious Adult
•Unconscious Infant•Conscious Baby•Unconscious Baby
•Conscious Infant
The intervention protocol
Check the area around:• See for possibility of any dangers…
For me And the victim
•Check the number of victim(s).More victims than rescuers 911
•Check for witness.•They may know what happens
•Try to determine the causal mechanism.Trauma * yes * or no
If « no » = Medical problem
•For help
At any time when we intervine, it is very important to respect this protocol to ensure that our actions are adequate and safe
…if so, make it secured
•Do not move the victim•Cervical protection•911
The trauma to the head and spinal column
Our spinal column
Cervical C1 to C7
Thorax T1 to T12
Lumbar L1 to L5
Sacral
•As shown on this picture, nearest the trauma is located near the column neck and head, the more likely the damages are important.
•The coloured parts, shows the parts at risk of paralysis, according to the affected area.
•It is therefore very important to maintain the victim spine immobile, to take the least possible risk to aggravate the injury.
Note that damage to the cervical spine (c1 to c7) can lead to cardio-respiratory arrest.
The intervention protocol
The primary exam:
T’
A
B
C
The intervention protocol
The primary exam:
T
B
A
C
he state of consciousness
irway
reathing
irculation
The intervention protocol
The primary exam:
The state of consciousnessTalk to the victim to see if it is « Alert ».
•Request the permission to help if « no answer » * Make noise *Clap your hands * Whistle if « still no reaction » *Create a pain *Press firmly the trapezoids *Rub the sternum
No reaction = Inconscious = AmbulanceAsk to a witness to call the « 911 » orcall them yourself if your alone ………… but
The recovery positionNever leave an unconscious victim alone lying on his back.
If you are alone and you must leave to call the ambulance, take care not to let the victim on his back.
Why ??
Risk of regurgitation or vomit that could be sucked into the lungs of the victim.
The major risk is the tongue of the victim that could collapse in the bottom of its throat and obstructs the airways.
Why ?
At the unconsciousness the stomach sphincter is relax and may open.
The vomit may be sucked into the lungs.
The tongue in the bottom of the throat
The blood circulation
•When you place the victim in the recovery position it is always preferable to turn on its left side.
•The inferior vena cava, is located at the bottom of the abdomen on the right side of the spine. This one risk to be compressed by the organs that lie ahead and thus reduce bloodstream.
•This has a very little impact with most people.
•Be careful especially with pregnant women and obese people, cause the weight of the fetus or weight of the viscera could hinder a more significant blood circulation if the victim is lying on its right side.
The intervention protocol
The primary exam
The state of consciousnessAIRWAY
…switch the head back to full extension to remove the tongue from the back of the throat.
Take a look in the victim’s mouth and remove any foreign objet that could be in .
Keep the victim’s head in that position.
By placing a hand on his forehead and 2 fingers on the chin…
The tongue collapsed in the throat
The intervention protocol The primary exam
The state of consciousnessAirway
Continue to keep the victim’s head in extention .
Breathing
Approaching your ear above the mouth and nose of the victim. (5 to 10 seconds)
•Listen to the sound of his breathing
•Try to feel his breath on your cheek
•See if the thorax is moving
…if there is no breathing•Immediately give 2 effectives breaths How
The intervention protocol The effectives breaths
the head must be kept in back full extention.
If you have no mask: Pinch the victim’s nose, open your mouth wide, make a seal on the victim’s mouth and blow the air very slowly.Just enough air so that the victim’s chest raise somewhat.
Too fast and too strong breats will cause that the air will fill the lungs and the overflow will go into the stomach.This will cause the victim to regurgitate.
If the air does not penetrate, and you made a tight seal on his mouth, put the victim's head in a neutral position, switch again the head back in a full extention to remove the tongue from the bottom of the throat and try an effective breath again…
The intervention protocol
If the air penetrate this time, keep the victim’s head in this position and give another effective breath and then…
If the air does not penetrate for 2 consecutives times, and you sure have made a tight seal on his mouth….
That’s mean that the victim’s airways are blocked :
Immediately begin the the unchoking manœuvre…
…go to step « C »
The intervention protocol
The primary exam
The state of consciousnessAirwayBreathingCirculation
Check promtly the victim’s reaction: chest moves, coughs, or any reaction… or serious bleeding *
« * «Immediately control any serious bleeding or haemorrhage!
…if the victim is not beginning to breath, immediately begin the C.P.R. manœuvre. (Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation)
We will see this technique during practice on mannequins
And if…
The Heart Diseases
CVA
erebralascularccident
And the
Although it is very important to know the CPR techniques, it is equally important to understand the causes that lead to a cardio-respiratory arrest.
The main causes with adults:
•Choking•Drowning•Electrocution•The asphyxiation•Hypothermia•Traumas•Cardiac diseases
The most common cause with adults is naturally:
•The cardiac deseases
The causes
« Some statistics»•Heart disease are responsible for over 39% of all deaths in Canada. (about 80.000 peoples per year)
•When the first signs and symptoms appears, 80% of the victims wait more than 4 hours before they decide to go to the hospital.
•Since CPR is taught to the public, the number of victims who survived to cardiac arrest has doubled.
•90% of the victim who arrive at the hospital with a pulse will emerge without damages.
•Half of the deaths occurs before the arrival at the hospital.
•About 14000 peoples a year die of a stroke (C.V. A.)
•The pain felt, was the first, the only and last one for 17% of them !
•More than 27% of Canadians are overweight.•More than 4 minutes without breathing and brain cells begin to deteriorate.
What should we conclude from these statistics?
The sooner we recognize the signs and symptoms more quickly we react.
The sooner we go to the hospital and more chance of survival there is .
The sooner I call the ambulance sooner they arrive.
The sooner the ambulance arrive sooner it returns to the hospital.
The sooner I start the CPR more chance of survival there is .
At the heart attack
At cardiac arrest
The sooner the ambulance arrive sooner we can "defibrille."
And more there will be peoples trained to recognize the problems and
administer CPR and more lives will be saved!!!
The sooner I recognize the problem sooner I call the ambulance.
The survival chain
Link Care ofHealthy choice Each personFast recognize Rescuer and the victim Fast access Rescuer and the victim Early CPR RescuerEarly defibrillation Ambulance and « rescuer »Advanced cares HospitalFast readjustment Hospital and the victim
A chain is as strong as the weakest of its links!
The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Quebec (HSFQ)
The rescuer is the vital link in the chain of survival!!!!!!!
The Heart DiseasesThe principal risk factors
• Junk food• High blood cholesterol• Overweigth• Physical inactivity• Smoking• High blood pressure (The silent killer)• Stress• Age• Family history• Diabetes
1 st link
• Sex (women are as much at risk than men now)
The Heart Diseases The principal risk factors
• Junk food• High blood cholesterol• Overweigth • Physical inactivity • Smoking • High blood pressure (The silent killer)• Stress • Age • Family history • Diabetes
Which one can I control ?Yes Yes
As you can see we can control most risk factors !
1 st link
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes/No
• Sex (women are as much at risk than men now) No
The silent killer (hypertension)
•High blood pressure is so called because the signs and symptoms often go unnoticed. You can’t feel it and you can’t see it !
•The only way to know about your blood pressure is to consult your doctor and have him to measure your blood pressure.
• He must check your tension at different times and situations before he diagnose hypertension.
Its adverse effects•Causes hardening of the arteries.•Causes the increasing of the volume of the heart muscle.•Facilitates the accumulation of cholesterol in the artery walls due to the loss of elasticity of them.•Greatly increases the risk of cerebral stroke.
It is very easy to diagnose hypertension, at the condition you consult your doctor.However, your doctor can’t tell you for how long ago hypertension was installed.High blood pressure can occur at any age.High blood pressure can be controlled quite easily by following your doctor’s recommendations like: Changes in dietary habit. Exercise and weight loss. Stress Management. Medication (in some cases). Medical checks and follow up.
Controlling blood pressure can help greatly to reduce risk of developing heart disease or stroke.
The hypertension
The age and physical inactivityThe current trend seems to confirm that heart disease manifest themselves at an age increasingly unlike the popular belief.
More and more cases are already manifest in the early twenties.
We must stop believing that it can happen only after fourty years of age.
See by yourself
It appears that our kids under 14 years old spend an average of 27 hours per week in front of a screen computer, television or video game
The same poll revealed that theyspend an average of 22 minutes per week to discuss with their parents or family.
In the states 33% of the kids less than 8 years old are already overweight.
In our time, our parents ran tocatch us and bring us inside the home at meal time.
It leaves us speechless ! ! ! ! ? ? ? ?Coté, Le Soleil, decembrer, 5 2002.
Our kids!!
Today we must fight to send them outside !
What about alcohol?It is recognized that alcohol was not a risk factor leading inevitably to heart disease.
Specialists agree that drinking very moderately alcohol may be beneficial to your cardio-vascular system.
European poeples who usually drink red wine regularly have a mortality rate much lower concerning cardiovascular disease.
Against this, their mortality rate caused by cancers of the digestive system, or liver cirrhosis is much higher than in Canada.
•Europe +- 17% Canada +-39%
Has the size of our closed fists.
Beats about 72 times per minute.
Which means 100,000 beats per day.The strongest and most resistant muscle of our body
Adult cardiac rhythm.between 50 and 100 per minute.
Infant cardiac rhythm.between 80 and 150 per minute.
Baby cardiac rhythm.between 130 and 180 per minute.
He therefore greatly need oxygen and nutrients. The coronary arteries that run all around him, feeds freshly oxygenated blood to him.
No other one works harder !
Our heart
•When cholesterol begins to accumulate on the walls of coronary arteries this causes narrowing of these, thus the heart is not receiving enough nutrients and O2 and he will complain about this unusual lack of O2.• The victim will feel strange sensations when he is doing an exercise asking an unusual effort.
Pain or tightness in chest.Difficulty breathing.Indigestion feelings.Nausea or vomitting.Cool and pale skin.Blue-tinted lips and nostrils.Anxiety and denial
As:
This is an angina crisis
The first signs and symptoms of angina
The chest anginaAngina does not cause permanent damage to the heart.Angina is a warning that it is urgent to do something..Angina can be treated and unwind when promtly treated.We must naturally do a clean-up in our risk factors.We must therefore consult our doctor immediately before it gets worst.
butThe reality is quite different and people are waiting too long before they consult and cholesterol continues to accumulate on the arteries walls and they will eventually clog up completely.
slam!!!the heart attack suddenly arrive
The heart attack Upon the occurrence of heart attack, anything can happen. About 17% of people collapse and die within minutes.
The heart attack cause irreversible damage to the heart muscle when it is not treated in the next 180 minutes. (3 hours)
It is therefore extremely important to recognize the warning signs of a heart attack and act immediately
Subsequently of a heart attack, cardiac arrest can occur at any time.
So, what are the signs and symptoms of the heart attack
Pain or tightness in chest. Difficulty breathing. Indigestion feelings. Nausea or vomitting. Cool and pale sweating skin. Blue-tinted lips and nostrils. Fear.
The signs and symptoms of heart attack and angina are almost the same.With the difference that during the angina crisis, the pain and discomfort will disappear quickly with rest and taking nitro..Therefore the nitro has mostly no effect on a heart attack, since the nitro has an effect on dilation of the arteries. Dilate a totaly obstructed artery will change nothing. It is completely blocked!!!
The signs and symptoms
Vomitting.
Anxiety and denial.
The signs and symptoms of the heart attack
*The pain may appear at various places and various intensity.
**The pain is sometimes less noticeable on a women.
During the angina crisis or heart attack
Why the feeling of indigestion?The feeling of indigestion is very often present during the angina crisis and heart attacksThis is the misleading element that makes peoples and the family around the victim to get alarmed too late.The victim prefer to believe in a bad digestion rather than in a heart attack.
What cause that feeling ?•The heart cannot pump adequately oxygenated blood in the body, the brain will restrict some vital organs of the normal oxygenated blood they usually receive.•It is the brain that the first will feel in danger and it will immediately stop the normal supply of oxygenated blood to the digestive system. This will cause this sensation and sometimes even vomiting.•The skin will also be rationed of oxygenated blood, which causes pale skin, cyanosis and cold sweats.
What should the rescuer do immediately?
Immediately sit down the victim in a semi-sitting rest position.
Keep the victim calm and rest.
Immediately call emergency relief. Within the first 2 minutes after the start of the onset of the signs and symptoms.
Loosen tie, shirt collar, waist belt, brassiere, and so on to allow the victim to breathe easily.
Continue to monitor the victim and don’t leave the victim alone unless required.
While waiting for the ambulance, begin the ANAMNESIS of the victim.
Never lay down the victim in order not to overload the heart.
Do not give anything to the victim (water, or any liquid) except in the case we will see further. *******************
L’ANAMNESIS(The medical history of the victim)
Ask and note the following information:•Ask to describe his symptoms.•Ask if this is the first time that unease happen.•Ask if he has already consulted a doctor about this malaise.•Ask if he takes medication and whether he has it with him.•If the victim take the nitro, ask if he already took it and when?•If necessary, attend him in taking nitro, according to the dosage indicated. (Often: 1 dose per five minutes) (Maximum 3 doses, sometimes 4)•Ask the time of his last meal.•Ask if he suffers of allergy. (Medication, food, aspirinemd …)•Ask if he suffers of any disease or clinical problem.•Ask what activity he was doing when the malaise began.
Upon the arrival of the ambulance, give them all the informations collected and any other relevant informations.
•Note the time of the incident and any signs that you saw.
The aspirin md
•The aspirin md,(AAS ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID)•The effects of aspirinmd is known to most people.
•Analgesics properties.•Through its effect, « works as a blood thinners ».
•It goes without saying that this is not the role of rescuer, to prescribe any medications whatsoever.•However it would be acceptable to ask the victim if he is allergic to aspirinmd or if his doctor ever advised him not to take it.•Remember him the effects of aspirinmd and attend him if he wants to take one. (1-325mg. or 2-80mg. (Baby))
•Aspirinmd reduced by about 20% the effects of the heart attack and increases the effect of thrombolysis he will receive at the hospital.
If the victim has taken the "Aspirin md", indicate it to the paramedics upon arrival (the time and dose)
The vascular cerebral accidentVCA
Poeples who are suffering of high blood pressure are very exposed to this kind of problem. "Cerebral hemorrhage"
The same risk factors listed before for heart disease also apply to stroke.
These accidents can be easily fatal to the victim.
The thrombosis often sends warning signs and happens over a long period.
The embolism occurs very suddenly because the blockage is caused by a clot or plaque of cholesterol that comes from another part of the circulatory system.
Cerebral hemorrhage (aneurysm)
Cerebral embolism
Cerebral thrombosis Compression:A vessel of the brain is compressed by a tumor,
or the swelling caused by a shock, a clot or by a bleeding tissues surround it..
Vascular cerebral accident
The signs and symptoms of stroke
•Sudden difficulty speaking or loss of usage of speaking.•Sudden vision problems.•Numbness and tingling in the extremities.•Partial or total paralysis that can be only temporary.
•Loss of consciousness.
•Confusion. •Sudden, violent and strong headaches.
•Unequal pupils.
•Paralysis of the facial muscles.
•Sometimes, loss of control of the sphincters
All these signs and symptoms do not arrive all at the same time. One or two of these signs and symptoms are enough to be alarmed.
What to do now?If the victim is still conscious:
•Place the victim in semi-sitting position and reassure.•Ask someone to call 911 or do it yourself.•Do not give the victim anything to drink, or medication.•Monitor the victim from close in case he lose consciousness.
•Continue to monitor the victim until the ambulance arrives.•Take note of the time and all signs and symptoms.
If the victim is unconscious or becomes unconscious
•Place the victim on its back and begin the ABC•Airways A•Breathing B•Circulation sign C
•If the breathing is present, place the victim in a recovery position, lying on its paralysed side.(Change the victim’s position side every 5 minutes)
And if the victim suddenly collapsed unconscious
Lie the victim flat on the floor on his back (if not already done)
Begin the intervention protocol and the CPR
Main menu
Begin the ABC and if the victim is not breathing…
C P R technique
CPR
ardioulmonaryesuscitation
Adult technique, applies at the age of 8 +
The goal of the C.P.RCardio-Pulmonary-Resuscitation
•Most people believe that the goal of CPR is to restart the heart of the victim.•This is somewhat true, but the chances of restarting a heart that has stopped due to a heart disease are very low.
•In fact, the main goal of CPR is to pump the blood of the victim in order to keep his brain alive and doing so extend the fibrillation period.
•The CPR will help to extend fibrillation until the arrival of the defibrillator.
•Following the cardiac arrest, heart will fibrille for a maximum period of 12 minutes, because after 12 minutes without oxygen to the brain, brain cells are irreversibly damage and died.
•If it goes over 12 minutes between cardiac arrest and the arrival of the defibrillator, this one becomes useless if nobody provide CPR.
The A E DAutomatic External Defibrillator
•And even if a miracle occurs and the victim’s heart restart after more than 12 minutes without breathing, the victim would be in a "vegetable" condition at the best.
•So with the arrival of the ambulance, if fibrillation stopped, after analysis, the defibrillator will send the message "no shock recommended " and even if the rescuer wants to give a shock anyway, it is impossible because the A E D is the one that decides.
No fibrillation, No defibrillationThen the rescuers will provide CPR to the victim until arriving at the hospital and the doctor will decide if it is useful to continue resuscitation manoeuvres.
« Not much chances »
The 5th link of the chain
THE NORMAL ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE HEART
The electric systhem of the heart
Normal ECG
Abnormal ECG …. bradycardia
Abnormal ECG …Tachycardia uncoordinated movement
Ventricular fibrillation
The defibrillator's function is to stop the ventricular fibrillation and restore a normal electrical activity…
…the condition is, fibrillation must be present! !
THE NORMAL ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE HEART
Early defibrillationWhen cardiac arrest occurs, it is extremely vital that the defibrillation is carried out as soon as possible.
A period of less than 4 minutes would be the most beneficial for the victims.
The defibrillation technique (A.E.D.) is now accessible to all…
…and it is strongly recommended that the AED becomes quickly available in all public institutions and enterprises, where there is a large number of people…
…and that a larger number of rescuers can provide the AED.
The CPR by coughing = nonsense…
False - In no way condoned or recommended by medical authorities.
Example:(Submitted, August 2007)
Subject: IMPORTANT read this! Cough CPR
A cardiologist says If everyone who gets this mail sends it to 10 people, you can bet that we'll save at least one life.Read this... It could save your life!! Let's say it's 6.15 pm and you're driving home (alone of course), after an unusually hard day on the job. You're really tired, upset and frustrated. Suddenly you start experiencing severe pain in your chest that starts to radiate out into your arm and up into your jaw. You are only about five miles from the hospital nearest your home. Unfortunately you don't know if you'll be able to make it that far. You have been trained in CPR, but the guy that taught the course did not tell you how to perform it on yourself.
HOW TO SURVIVE A HEART ATTACK WHEN ALONESince many people are alone when they suffer a heart attack, without help, the person whose heart is beating improperly and who begins to feel faint, has only about 10 seconds left before losing consciousness. However, these victims can help themselves by coughing repeatedly and very vigorously. A deep breath should be taken before each cough, and the cough must be deep and prolonged, as when producing sputum from deep inside the chest. A breath and a cough must be repeated about every two seconds without let-up until help arrives, or until the heart is felt to be beating normally again. Deep breaths get oxygen into the lungs and coughing movements squeeze the heart and keep the blood circulating. The squeezing pressure on the heart also helps it regain normal rhythm. In this way, heart attack victims can get to a hospital. Tell as many other people as possible about this. It could save their lives!!
BE A FRIEND AND PLEASE SEND THIS ARTICLE TO AS MANY FRIENDS AS POSSIBLE
Commentary:An email forward that offers spurious advice about how to survive a heart attack has been continually circulating around the Internet since at least 1999. The message outlines a technique for surviving a heart attack while alone that involves vigorous coughing. According to the email, a cardiologist has advised forwarding the message to others in order to save lives. However, the alleged cardiologist is not named, nor is there any reference to a reputable medical institution. In my opinion, any life-critical "medical advise" that is not supported by credible reference material should be used with extreme caution.It should be noted that the cough procedure outlined in the email is not, in itself, a hoax and has been researched and tested by medical experts. In fact, so called "Cough CPR" might be beneficial under certain controlled circumstances. However, this does not mean that the advice in the email message is valid and useful. The most important factor to consider is that, according to medical experts, cough CPR should only be performed under strict professional supervision.
According to the American Heart Association, "the usefulness of 'cough CPR' is generally limited to monitored patients with a witnessed arrest in the hospital setting". The American Heart Association article also notes: The American Heart Association does not endorse "cough CPR," a coughing procedure widely publicized on the Internet. As noted in the American Heart Association's textbook Basic Life Support for Healthcare Providers, the American Heart Association DOES NOT TEACH THIS AS PART OF THE CORE CURRICULUM IN ANY COURSE.
Adult CPR technique
•The victim lying on his back on a hard and flat surface.•The rescuer kneeling at his sides at shoulder level.•The rescuer exposes the victim’s chest to the bottom of the sternum•Find the compression site that is the width of the index above the xiphoïde appendix.•Place the heel of his other hand over his index finger and then his first-hand over the other hand and starts the chest compressions.
30 chest compressions (3,8 to 5 cm deep)(11/2 to 2 in. deep).
At a speed of 100 compressions per minute. (30 chest compressions in about 20 seconds)
Followed of 2 effective breaths.
Consequently
30 chest compressions + 2 breaths = 1 cycle x 5 = 2 minutes
8 +
4th link
CPR hands position
Note: Only the heel of the hand is in contact with the sternum of the victim.
CPR rescuer position
•The shoulders over the victim
•The elbows blocked.
•The arms perpendicular to the victim's chest.
•The knees slightly apart.
•The rescuer let down the weight of its trunk on the victim.
•The movement is initiated at the rescuer hips.
•The rescuer keeps a visual contact with the face of the victim.
•30 consecutives compressions followed of 2 effectives breaths30 in about +- 20 seconds
Adult CPR demo
On the mannequins
CPR technique demo 1
•After checking for the safety of the area the rescuer check the state of consciousness of the victim by making noise with his hands.
•Having found no reaction she creates a pain by tightening the trapezoids and rubbing the victim’s sternum with its knuckles.
The step T of « The ABC »
CPR technique demo 2
•The victim had no reaction when she speaks, neither to noise or pain…
•The rescuer request a witness to call Emergency Medical Service (EMS) (911).
•… and immediatly the rescuer begins « The ABC » of the victim.
•She starts by takink a look in the mouth of the victim in case there would be a foreign object or food.
CPR technique demo 3
•Having suspected no possibility of spinal trauma, she turns the victim's head in full rear extension to open the airways.
•She brings her ear very close over the mouth and nose of the victim and she listens to the breathing, looks to his chest to see if the thorax moves and tries to feel the victim’s breath on her cheek.
A
B
CPR technique demo 4
•The rescuer takes five to ten (5 to 10) seconds to assess the breathing of the victim.
And as the victim is not breathing:
•The rescuer opens wide her mouth, covers the whole mouth of the victim, make a tight seal, pinch the nose of the victim and gives a slow breath.
Just enough air to raise the chest of the victim somewhat.The use of a pocket mask or a face shield is strongly recommended.
CPR technique demo 5
•The rescuer turns its face toward the chest of the victim to take a deep breath and allow time for the victim to expire…
•…she then continues with a second (2nd) slow breath.
CPR technique demo 6
•The rescuer look at the victim from head to toe, to try to find signs of circulation.
(Move, coughing, chest movement etc…)
C
CPR technique demo 7
And as the victim does not have any reaction…
•The rescuer find the compression site that is just the width of the index finger above the xiphoïde appendix…
•…release the victim's head and place the heel of her hand beside her index, then the other hand over the other one, cross the fingers and…
CPR technique demo 8
•…the knees slightly apart for better stability, shoulders over the victim, elbows blocked, the rescuer begins the chest compressions.
•The rescuer perform 30 chest compressions to a depth from 3.8 to 5 cm (112 to 2 in.) at a speed of 100 per minute ( 30 = + - 20 seconds) and…
CPR technique demo 9
•…the rescuer turns its face toward the chest of the victim to take a deep breath and allow time for the victim to expire.
•…she then continues with a second (2nd) slow breath.
•…then she stops the chest compressions, place the victim’s head in a rear extension to open the airways and give a slow breath to the victim…
CPR technique demo 10
•…the rescuer then returns immediatly at the same location on the chest of the victim…
•…and continues with 30 more chest compressions.
•And so on…
CPR technique demo 11
•…the rescuer return continuously to the same location on the chest of the victim…
•…and continues with 30 more chest compressions
•…and so on until the arrival of the ambulance which will take over, or until the evidence of resumed breathing and circulation or until exhausted its capacity to continue…
•…followed withs 2 slow and effectives breaths…
Note: Taking the pulse is no longer required at the CPR, the pulse is very unreliable and difficult to determine and has the effect of delaying the beginning
of resuscitation manoeuvres!
CPR technique demo 12
And if at any given time, breathing gets back:•Stop immediately the CPR manoeuvre and…
•…resume to « The ABC ».
•The rescuer takes five to ten (5 to 10) seconds to assess the breathing of the victim…
…and if the victim is not breathing…
•The rescuer immediately continue with the CPR technique
•30 compressions followed by 2 slow breaths… until the arrival of the ambulance…
CPR technique demo 13
•…continue with 30 compressions followed by 2 slow breaths…
… and continue the manoeuvres until clearly breathing and circulation signs appears, or as long as your ability to continue or until the arrival of paramedics.
CPR technique demo 14
And if at any given time, breathing gets back:•Stop immediately the CPR manoeuvre and…
•…resume to « The ABC ».
•The rescuer takes five to ten (5 to 10) seconds to assess the breathing of the victim…
…and if the victim is really breathing…
•The rescuer turns the victim immediately in the recovery position and continues to monitor the victim with great vigilance… … until the arrival of the ambulance
CPR technique demo 15
When you will hear the ambulance arriving… do not stop the manoeuvres… …wait until the paramedics tell you to stop.
To give the victim the greatest possible chance of survival, the manoeuvres should not be stopped…
Report to ambulance•When the ambulance arrives, it is essential to report to the paramedics all the details of the event.
• Your name and skills.• What’s happen.• The time of the event.• The event witness name.
•The signs and symptoms seen on the victim.•The allergy.
• Everything that has been noted in the medical history of the victim.
•The medication•The medical history•The hour of the last meal •The events or activity preceding the incident
•The developments since your arrival on the scene.•Any other details: the name of the victim, hospital card, etc…
Let them take charge of the situation, offer your help and stay available as needed.
After a resuscitation attempt successful or not!
• After a resuscitation attempt, whether successful or not, the rescuer feels often troubled, in mourning and even sometimes he feels not being up to the situation and culpabilise.
•It is very important to talk to someone about it !!!
Moreover, any resuscitation attempt should be reported to the HSFQ. The information thus obtained will be very useful and they can also provide their support if needed.
Quebec heart and stroke foundation (HSFQ) 1434, rue Sainte-Catherine Ouest Bureau 500 Montreal (Quebec) H3G 1R4
•The Quebec heart and stroke foundation can greatly help you!
Tel. : (514) 871-1551 1-800-567-8563 Telec : (514) 871-9385
• Please contact:
The acts of good citizenship
•We must never hesitate to encourage gestures of good citizenship and not hesitate to emphasize to your friends, your family and the general population.
• If you witnessed, a remarkable act of good citizenship, please do not hesitate to recommend that person with concerned agencies.
•This person deserves that his gesture be emphasized, which could encourage citizenship… which our planet so badly needs!
There is a form to recommend a person who has raised a gesture of good citizenship.
Quebec heart and stroke foundation (HSFQ) 1434, rue Sainte-Catherine Ouest Bureau 500 Montreal (Quebec) H3G 1R4
•Every years, in November, the Quebec government submits a certificate of good citizenship to these citizens.
Tél. : (514) 871-1551 1-800-567-8563 Téléc : (514) 871-9385
•To get it please contact:
Test your knowledge in CPR
If you want to check your knowledge in First-Aid and CPR
You can answer an online quiz, by clicking on this link below.
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CPR and First-Aid quiz
End of the slide-show
Thank’s for your attention !
Raymond Morneau
www.quebecfirstaid.com
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