ObjectiveTo use picture clues, media clips and the

Muslim concept of

Jihad to understand

Muslim attitudes to

war.

Grade CAll will be able to describe the

meaning of ‘greater’ and ‘lesser’ JIHAD and explain why the concept of ‘lesser

JIHAD’ is often misunderstood.

Grade BMost will be able to examine

quotes from the Qur’an and explain their meaning.

Grade A/A*Some will be able to express an

opinion on whether it is ever ethical for a Muslim to fight

in a war.

Your GOALS for the end of

this lesson are…

Outcomes…

STARTER…What do you think

the word STRUGGLE

means?

Write a definition OR a list of words

OR ideas to explain this word.

Struggle means to do

something with difficulty in an

attempt to reach a goal.

The main Muslim attitude to war is that it is part of

Muslim struggle (JIHAD) – Muslims believe that it

may be necessary to go to war to achieve

JUSTICE as long as the war is JUST.

The Muslim version of a JUST WAR (sometimes known as a HOLY WAR)

has slight different conditions to the Christian version.

The word Islam comes from the word SALAAM, meaning PEACE. It also means submission.

Muslims are taught that they should work or fight for JUSTICE.

ALL Muslims will avoid WAR if possible.

Watch the following clip carefully...1. What does the term JIHAD mean?

2. There are TWO types of JIHAD what are they?

The Qur’an teaches Muslims that in order to follow the will of Allah, people will face many struggles, both inside themselves

and in the world.

A personal effort made by every

Muslim to devote his or her life to

carrying out Allah's will and

fight against evil.

There are TWO types of JIHAD1. GREATER JIHAD

What do you think this struggle involves?2. LESSER JIHAD

What do you think this struggle involves?

1. GREATER (inner) JIHAD struggle that Muslims face

within themselves.2. LESSER (Physical) JIHAD Struggle with the

outside world

Set up your book

in the following

way…Use the

following slides to help you

make notes

JIHADGreater

Lesser

This is the conflict of good and evil within ourselves.

Using your mini whiteboards can you work out what GREATER JIHAD involves from the

following pictures...?

GREATER JIHAD…

The struggle that Muslims face

within themselves.

DO NOT be greedy

I want a hat and scarf!

DO NOT envy

Do good deeds

• Visit mosque regular

Visit Mosque regularly

• Study Quran regular

Study the Qur’an regularly

• Help the poor and needy

Help the poor and needy

• Be a good friend and neighbour

Be a good friend and neighbour

How is HAJJ a good example of GREATER JIHAD?

This is physical struggle – although Islam is a religion of peace the Qur’an

teaches that there are certain circumstances where the use of

violence is permitted.Using your mini whiteboards and the following

slides can you work out why violence is sometimes permitted...

LESSER JIHAD…

The struggle that Muslims face

with the world.

The Qur’an teaches must

fight if they are attacked.

Muhammad did it – so its ok!

Muhammad himself fought in wars and many of his teachings permit war.

Those who die in a holy war will go straight to heaven.

Something to think about…

Which is more difficult to

achieve, the GREATER or

LESSER jihad? Why?

Grade CAll will be able

to describe the meaning of ‘greater’ and ‘lesser’

JIHAD.

Did you achieve YOUR goals?…

Outcomes…

Watch the following clip carefully...Why is the concept of JIHAD often misunderstood by non-Muslims?

This is mostly a stereotype fed by the media who misunderstand many aspects of Muslim life. Jihad is

often linked to terrorists and terrorism as they misuse the concept of Jihad to justify their actions.

JIHAD misunderstood...The idea of Jihad is

often misunderstood by non-Muslims who then see Islam as

being a violent religion, when the vast majority of

Muslims are peaceful.

Although jihad does not mean war, many Muslims believe that the fight against evil

and the preservation of

Islam may justify going into battle.

So jihad doesn’t mean war...

This is then described as Harb-al-Muqadis, which is

technically a Holy War.

Grade CAll will be able

to explain why the

concept of ‘lesser JIHAD’

is often misunderstoo

d.

Did you achieve YOUR goals?…

Outcomes…

Read each QUOTE and write down what you think it means – what is it teaching Muslims about WAR?

Muslim teachings on WAR…

Fight in the way of Allah those who fight you but do not transgress (break the rules). Allah does not like

transgressors. (Qur’an 2:190)

Permission (to fight) has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged. And indeed, Allah is competent to give

them victory. (Qur’an 22:39)And what is (the matter)

with you that you fight not in the cause of Allah and (for) the oppressed among men,

women and children. (Qur’an 4:75)

And if two parties among the believers should fight, then make settlement between the two… in justice and act justly. Indeed, Allah loves

those who act justly. (Qur’an 49:9)

If anyone killed a person not in retaliation of murder, or (and) to spread mischief in the land – it would be as if he killed all mankind, and if anyone saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of all

mankind. (Qur’an 5:32)

I think this means…

I think this means…

I think this means…

I think this means…

I think this means…

I say its

OK!

Muslim conditions of a JUST or HOLY war...Can you work out the 6 conditions of a Muslim JUST/HOLY war from the

picture clues?THINK – PAIR – SHARE (everyone on their mini whiteboards)

Now match these 6 conditions up to the QUOTES from the Qur’an.

JUST CAUSE =• Defence of Islam• Self-defence• Fighting injustice All other non-violent methods must

have failed! It must END when the enemy surrenders.

War must be

authorised by a Muslim Authority!

This is called

FATWA!

It must be fought with the MINIMUM amount of suffering and innocent

civilians MUST NOT be killed.

It should aim to restore PEACE and FREEDOM

NOW think about the SIMILARITIES and DIFFERENCES to the JUST WAR criteria.

Create a KEY and highlight these on your mind map.

JUST CAUSE

=

• Defence of Islam

• Self-defence

• Fighting injustice

SIMILAR

DIFFERENT

All other non-violent methods must have failed!

SIMILAR

I say YES!

War must be

authorised by a

Muslim Authority!

DIFFERENT

This is called

FATWA!

It must be fought with the MINIMUM amount of suffering and innocent civilians MUST NOT be

killed.

SIMILAR

It must END when the enemy surrenders.

DIFFERENT

It should aim to restore PEACE

and FREEDOM

SIMILAR

Choose ONE similarity and ONE difference…

How are they SIMILAR?

Explain your response

How are they DIFFERENT?Explain your

response

Grade BMost will be

able to examine

quotes from the Qur’an and explain

their meaning.

Did you achieve YOUR goals?…

Outcomes…

A growing number of Muslims (such as the Muslim Peace Fellowship) have a

more PACIFIST view...WHY?

Muslims AGAINST war…

This is because...

• The word Islam is Arabic for PEACE – PEACE is therefore at the heart of their faith.

• WMD and nuclear weapons cannot follow the rules of lesser Jihad as innocent people will always be killed.

• There are always other means to gain PEACE instead of war.

• Violence only leads to more violence – it increases hatred.

• References in the Qur’an relate to the past not the present.

• HOWEVER they too will accept WAR as a LAST RESORT.

In your answer you should refer to one religion other than Christianity.

‘A religious person should not fight in a war’

(i) Do YOU agree?

I…… because…

I also…… because…

Finally I… because….

(ii) Give reasons why some people might disagree WITH YOU.

Some people might disagree with me because…

Also…

Finally…REMEMBER: Points should be DETAILED

Swap with a partner and mark each others work in GREEN PEN

The type of question (D) and the marks

for each question (6).

Please comment – giving a POSITIVE and a TARGET

Grade A/A*Some will be

able to express an opinion on whether it is

ever ethical for a Muslim to

fight in a war.

Did you achieveYOUR goals?…

Outcomes…

Call to JIHAD…

We will look at 4 events that some have claimed to be examples JIHAD...

Use what we have learnt in today's lesson to decide whether you think each of these to be an example of

Jihad – Explain your response to each example.

Now we know what we do about GREATER and LESSER JIHAD

we can make a decision over recent events and dismiss

any misconceptions...

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjtLK2TdvHE

One thing I have learnt today is...

One thing that has surprised me this lesson is...

One thing I would like to know more about is...

Plenary...