TOBACCO

Ch. 11.1 Key Terms

Nicotine- the highly addictive drug that is found in all tobacco products

Carcinogen- any chemical or agent that causes cancer

Tar- sticky, black substance in tobacco smoke that coats the inside of the airways and that contains many carcinogens

Carbon monoxide- a gas that blocks oxygen from getting into the bloodstream

Types of Tobacco• Chewing

Tobacco

• Snuff (Dip)

• Pipes

• Cigars

• Cigarettes

Chemicals in Tobacco• A stimulant

• More than 4000 chemicals

• 10% are carcinogens or poisonous

• Carcinogens are cancer causing agents

• The 3 most poisonous chemicals are: tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide

Nicotine• Psychoactive substance-

causes a change in the person’s mood or behavior

• Very addictive- causes a physical dependence

Tar

• Tiny pieces that when inhaled in to the lungs, condense and form a sticky coating on the bronchial tubes

• Same substance used to pave roads!!!• Destroys cilia, waving hair-like projections

that work to keep the respiratory tract clear.

Carbon Monoxide

• A colorless, odorless, poisonous gas released by burning tobacco

• Interferes with the blood’s ability to carry oxygen

• Same gas from car exhaust–if inhaled directly-can be fatal

Other Chemicals in Tar

2 Leading causes of death due to cigarette smoke

1) Lung cancer

2) Heart disease

Ch. 11.2 Key Terms

• Emphysema- respiratory disease in which air can not move in & out of the alveoli because they become blocked or lose their elasticity

• Sidestream smoke- smoke that escapes from the tip of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe

• Mainstream smoke- smoke that is inhaled through a cigarette & then exhaled by a cigarette smoker

• Environmental tobacco smoke (secondhand smoke)- a combination of exhaled mainstream smoke & sidestream smoke

Mainstream smoke

• Smoke that is inhaled through a cigarette and then exhaled by a cigarette smoker

Sidestream smoke• Smoke that escapes

from the tip of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe

• This contains 2x more nicotine and tar, and 5x more CO than mainstream

• Non-smokers who live with smokers have a 20-30% HIGHER risk of dying from heart disorders than non-smokers who live with non-smokers!!!

• Passive smoker- a person who inhales the sidestream smoke

–smoke inhaled by non-smokers

• Passive smoke can cause:• Heart disease *Asthma

• Eye irritation *Cancer

• Ear infections

• Emphysema

Environmental tobacco smoke (Secondhand Smoke)

• A combination of exhaled mainstream smoke and sidestream smoke

• Secondhand smoke causes:-Headache-Nausea-dizziness

Smokeless Tobacco• Cracking and bleeding lips and gums• receding gums, which can eventually make your teeth fall

out• increased heart rate, high blood pressure, and irregular

heartbeats=leading to a greater risk of heart attacks

• ORAL CANCER-lips, tongue, cheeks, gums, ANYWHERE IN MOUTH!

• CANCER-stomach, esophagus, bladder

Health Lung Vs. Smoker’s lung

Tobacco on the skin

Tobacco on the hands

Tobacco on the Mouth

How much money do you save by not smoking???

LETS FIND OUT!!!

Let’s say someone smokes 1 pack a day…

Per PACK they will spend $5

Per WEEK they will spend $35

Per MONTH they will spend $140

Per YEAR they will spend $1680

5 YEARS= $8400

10 YEARS= $16,800

What would you buy with this much money??

Effects of tobacco use on the body• When you inhale a cigarette, the nicotine travels to the

bloodstream and then to the brain- this only take 8 seconds• Heart will beat faster• Increases breathing rate• Blood pressure will increase• Become more alert and energetic• Sense of smell and taste decrease• Yellow Teeth, Fingernails• Smelly clothes, hair, breath, house, car, etc.

Effects of tobacco use on the body• “Smokers Voice” • Stimulates the brain reward system (Addiction)• Increases blood sugar levels• Stimulates vomit reflex• Skin loses elasticity• Narrows blood vessels, reducing oxygen to the

brain• Damages the immune system increasing the

chance of suffering from diseases such as cancer

LUNG CANCER • growth of malignant cells

that attack and replace healthy cells

• NO CURE!!• Now kills more women than

breast cancer!• Many females believe

smoking causes weight loss-There is NO PROOF of this being true!

Chronic Bronchitis– Inflammation of the bronchial tubes, combined

with built up particles– Chronic coughing, excessive mucus production– Cilia becomes useless-covered with tar

Pulmonary Emphysema• Pulmonary=LUNGS

• Destruction of tiny air sacs in lungs which absorb oxygen into the body

• Tiny air sacs=ALVEOLI

• Instead of using only 5% of their energy to breathe, a person with advanced emphysema may use 80% of their energy to breathe!!

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder

• Combination of chronic bronchitis and obstructive emphysema

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

• Condition is which infants die in their sleep for unknown reasons

• Second Hand Smoke Anti Smoking PSA - Video

Effects of Tobacco on the Fetus and Baby

• Risk of miscarriage• Risk of premature birth• Low birth weight• Slow growth rate• Risk of sudden infant

death syndrome (SIDS)• Risk of developing

respiratory illness• Risk of developing

learning difficulties

Ch. 11.3 Key Terms

• Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)- a form of medicine that delivers small amounts of nicotine to the body to help a person quit using tobacco

Why people use tobacco

• Family & friends

• Misconceptions

• Advertising

• Curiosity

• Rebellion

Advertisements

Tobacco & the law

• Selling tobacco to anyone under 18 years of age is illegal– Very high fines for companies caught selling to

a minor– Teens are fined or assigned community service

Withdrawal symptoms

• Nervousness

• Irritability

• Difficulty sleeping