Today is Thursday,June 4th, 2015

Pre-Class:Today we are reviewing.

Have your questions ready!

Today’s Agenda

• Review• Review• Revolution?• Review

Review Game Rules

• I will ask a question to the class.• Each participant (that’s you) writes down the

answer silently.– Not each group…each individual.

• After a few moments, I will say, “Compare answers.”

• Each of you will look at what the other wrote.

Review Game Rules

• Did you each get the right answer?– 2 points.

• Did one of you get the right answer?– 1 point.

• Neither of you?– For shame. 0 points.– And eternal guilt.

Review Game Rules

• The List of Do Nots:– Do not talk to each other, make noises, gesture,

give answers (my discretion here) between when the question has been read and when I say, “Compare answers.”• Doing so will result in a disqualification for that round.

Don’t believe me? Try it.

– Do not fall asleep when I’m getting scores.• If you’re not paying attention, I’m not giving you points.

Review Question 1

• Which is more violent – a solar flare or a solar prominence?– Solar flare.

Review Question 2

• What’s the X-axis on an H-R Diagram?– Temperature or spectral class, hottest to the left.

Review Question 3

• And the Y-axis of the H-R Diagram?– Luminosity (or brightness).

Review Question 4

• Imagine looking at a compass positioned on the surface of the Sun. How many years would it take for the needle to flip 180°?– 11 years (22 total to flip and flip back).

Review Question 5

• What is one (of the two acceptable) names for the areas in which stars are born?– Nebula or interstellar cloud.

Review Question 6

• What is the name given to the study of vibrations coming from the inner parts of the Sun?– Helioseismology.

Review Question 7

• What kind of star is a pulsar?– A neutron star.

Review Question 8

• What is the lowest layer of the Sun we can see?– The photosphere.

Review Question 9

• What stellar property is the strongest predictor of the length of a star’s life?– Mass.

Review Question 10

• BONUS NON-ASTRONOMY QUESTION• You may wager any/all of your points.• Category: World Geography

• It’s the only city on two continents.– Istanbul, Turkey, which is spread between Europe

and Asia.

Review Question 11

• What are the letters that signify the main spectral classes, in order, starting with the hottest class?– OBAFGKM

Review Question 12

• 90% of stars are what type?– Main sequence stars.

Review Question 13

• Stars that appear in the upper right part of an H-R Diagram are of what type?– Red giants (also acceptable: red supergiants or just

plain “giants.”)

Review Question 14

• What absolute magnitude might a star have if it is brighter than another star with magnitude 0?– Magnitude < 0 (so, a negative value).

Review Question 15

• What two forces must be in balance to keep a star from collapsing? MUST GET BOTH (AND THEIR DIRECTIONS) FOR CREDIT– Inward: Gravity.– Outward: Fusion/gas pressure.

Review Question 16

• BONUS NON-ASTRONOMY QUESTION• You may wager any/all of your points.• Category: Civics

• How many amendments are in the U.S. Constitution?– 27.

Review Question 17

• When a star balances the outward force of fusion/gas pressure and the inward force of gravity, it’s known as ____ equilibrium.– hydrostatic

Review Question 18

• Fusion is a process that combines what into what?– Hydrogen protons (4) into a helium nucleus (1).

Review Question 19

• What is the term given for the mottled pattern on the surface of the Sun’s photosphere?– Granulation.

Review Question 20

• On average, how long does the Sun take to rotate?– 27 days.

Review Question 21

• BONUS NON-ASTRONOMY QUESTION• You may wager any/all of your points.• Category: U.S. Geography

• After the American Revolution, the Thirteen Colonies became the first thirteen states. Which state was fourteenth?– Vermont.

Review Question 22

• What’s the hottest part of the Sun?– The core.

Review Question 23

• From hottest to coolest, what are the possible colors of stars?– Blue, white (and yellow), red.

Review Question 24

• Black holes stream material outward in jets known as active galactic nuclei. Viewed at an angle, we call them…what?– Quasars.

Review Question 25

• How would you describe a black hole? [focus on accuracy here]– A region in space of incredible density from which

light cannot escape caused by the collapse of a high-mass star.