Today’s AgendaToday’s Agenda

Chapter 4: System SoftwareChapter 4: System Software Chapter 5: Application SoftwareChapter 5: Application Software

Chapter 4Chapter 4System SoftwareSystem Software

System SoftwareSystem Software

Two Components of System Software:Two Components of System Software: Operating System (OS): a set of Operating System (OS): a set of

programs designed to work with a programs designed to work with a specific type of computerspecific type of computer

System Utilities: maintenance System Utilities: maintenance functions used to keep the computer functions used to keep the computer system running smoothlysystem running smoothly

Five Functions of OSFive Functions of OS

First Function: Starting the ComputerFirst Function: Starting the Computer Booting: process of loading OS to memoryBooting: process of loading OS to memory Cold Boot: starting a computer that is not Cold Boot: starting a computer that is not

already onalready on Warm Boot: restarting a computer that is Warm Boot: restarting a computer that is

already on (Ctrl + Alt + Del)already on (Ctrl + Alt + Del) Kernel: central part of the OS that starts Kernel: central part of the OS that starts

applications, manages devices and applications, manages devices and memory, and performs other functionsmemory, and performs other functions

Processes after BootingProcesses after Booting

Step 1: The Basic Input/Output Step 1: The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) and Setup ProgramSystem (BIOS) and Setup Program

Step 2: The Power-On Self-Test Step 2: The Power-On Self-Test (POST)(POST)

Step 3: Loading the OSStep 3: Loading the OS Step 4: System ConfigurationStep 4: System Configuration Step 5: Loading System UtilitiesStep 5: Loading System Utilities Step 6: Authenticating UsersStep 6: Authenticating Users

Five Functions of OSFive Functions of OS

Second Function: Managing Second Function: Managing ApplicationApplication Single-Tasking OS: runs an application at Single-Tasking OS: runs an application at

a timea time Multitasking OS: runs multiple Multitasking OS: runs multiple

applications at a timeapplications at a time Foreground Application: active applicationForeground Application: active application Background Application: inactive applicationBackground Application: inactive application Preemptive Multitasking: regains control if Preemptive Multitasking: regains control if

an application stops runningan application stops running

Five Functions of OSFive Functions of OS

Third Function: Managing MemoryThird Function: Managing Memory Virtual Memory: method of using a hard Virtual Memory: method of using a hard

disk as an extension of RAMdisk as an extension of RAM Page: unit of fixed size of program Page: unit of fixed size of program

instructions and datainstructions and data Swap File: storing copies of pages in a Swap File: storing copies of pages in a

hard disk filehard disk file Paging: transferring of files from Paging: transferring of files from

storage to memory and backstorage to memory and back

Five Functions of OSFive Functions of OS

Fourth Step: Handling Input and OutputFourth Step: Handling Input and Output Interrupt: signal that informs the OS that Interrupt: signal that informs the OS that

something has happenedsomething has happened Interrupt Handler: mini-program that starts Interrupt Handler: mini-program that starts

immediately when an interrupt occursimmediately when an interrupt occurs Interrupt Request (IRQ): handler the Interrupt Request (IRQ): handler the

communication between input or output communication between input or output devices and the CPUdevices and the CPU

IRQ Conflict: result of serious system failureIRQ Conflict: result of serious system failure

Five Functions of OSFive Functions of OS

Fifth Step: Providing the User Fifth Step: Providing the User InterfaceInterface Graphical User Interface (GUI)Graphical User Interface (GUI) Menu-Driven User InterfaceMenu-Driven User Interface Command-Line User InterfaceCommand-Line User Interface

Popular OSPopular OS

Microsoft WindowsMicrosoft Windows XPXP NTNT CECE

MAC OSMAC OS LinuxLinux MS-DOSMS-DOS UNIXUNIX

System UtilitiesSystem Utilities Backup SoftwareBackup Software Antivirus SoftwareAntivirus Software Searching for and Managing FilesSearching for and Managing Files Scanning and Defragmenting DisksScanning and Defragmenting Disks File Compression UtilitiesFile Compression Utilities System UpdateSystem Update TroubleshootingTroubleshooting Help and SupportHelp and Support Shutting Down System Shutting Down System

Chapter 5Chapter 5Application Application

SoftwareSoftware

General-Purpose General-Purpose ApplicationsApplications

Personal Productivity ProgramsPersonal Productivity Programs MS Office: Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint, MS Office: Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint,

OutlookOutlook WordPerfect Office: WordPerfect, Quattro Pro, WordPerfect Office: WordPerfect, Quattro Pro,

Paradox, Corel Presentations, Corel CentralParadox, Corel Presentations, Corel Central Lotus SmartSuite: Word Pro, Lotus 1-2-3, Lotus Lotus SmartSuite: Word Pro, Lotus 1-2-3, Lotus

Approach, Freelance Graphics, Lotus OrganizerApproach, Freelance Graphics, Lotus Organizer Multimedia and Graphics SoftwareMultimedia and Graphics Software

Paint/Drawing Programs (GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP)Paint/Drawing Programs (GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP) Image EditorsImage Editors Animation ProgramsAnimation Programs Audio SoftwareAudio Software Video EditorsVideo Editors

General-Purpose General-Purpose ApplicationsApplications

Internet ProgramsInternet Programs E-Mail ProgramsE-Mail Programs Web BrowsersWeb Browsers Instant Messaging SoftwareInstant Messaging Software Videoconferencing SoftwareVideoconferencing Software

Home and Educational ProgramsHome and Educational Programs Personal Finance SoftwarePersonal Finance Software Tax Preparation SoftwareTax Preparation Software Home Design and Landscaping SoftwareHome Design and Landscaping Software Computer-Assisted TutorialsComputer-Assisted Tutorials EncyclopediasEncyclopedias GamesGames

Tailor-Made Applications: designed Tailor-Made Applications: designed for specialized fields or consumersfor specialized fields or consumers

Custom Software: developed by Custom Software: developed by programmers and software programmers and software engineers to meet specific needsengineers to meet specific needs

Packaged Software: aimed at a mass Packaged Software: aimed at a mass marketmarket

Standalone Program: program that is fully Standalone Program: program that is fully self-containedself-contained

Integrated Program: program that offers Integrated Program: program that offers all functions in a single package (all functions in a single package (http://www.microsoft.com/products/workshttp://www.microsoft.com/products/works//default.mspxdefault.mspx))

Software Suite: interconnected bundle of Software Suite: interconnected bundle of programs that share resources with each programs that share resources with each other and are designed to help workers other and are designed to help workers accomplish tasks in a typical office accomplish tasks in a typical office environmentenvironment

System RequirementsSystem Requirements

Software Upgrading: process of Software Upgrading: process of keeping current version of an keeping current version of an applicationapplication

Software License: a contract Software License: a contract distributed with a program that distributed with a program that gives a Right to install and use the gives a Right to install and use the program on a computerprogram on a computer

Site License: used for specified Site License: used for specified number of computersnumber of computers

Software VersionsSoftware Versions

Maintenance Release: a decimal Maintenance Release: a decimal number in a version numbernumber in a version number

Time-Limited Trial Version: expired Time-Limited Trial Version: expired after a set trial periodafter a set trial period

Beta Version: preliminary version of Beta Version: preliminary version of a programa program

Software RegistrationSoftware Registration

Commercial Software: software you Commercial Software: software you must pay for before usingmust pay for before using

Shareware: software that can be try Shareware: software that can be try before buybefore buy

Freeware: software given away for free Freeware: software given away for free but cannot sell for profit but cannot sell for profit

Public Domain Software: software Public Domain Software: software expressly free from copyright expressly free from copyright

Copy-Protected Software: software that Copy-Protected Software: software that you cannot make unauthorized copiesyou cannot make unauthorized copies

Installing and Managing Installing and Managing Application SoftwareApplication Software

Installing / Uninstalling ApplicationsInstalling / Uninstalling Applications Launching ApplicationsLaunching Applications Choosing OptionsChoosing Options Exiting ApplicationsExiting Applications