Today’s QuestionsToday’s Questions

3.3. What did Americans spend their disposable What did Americans spend their disposable income on in the Twenties?income on in the Twenties?

4.4. How did society change during the 1920s? How did society change during the 1920s?

5.5. What were 5 popular leisure activities during What were 5 popular leisure activities during the Roaring Twenties?the Roaring Twenties?

Society and Leisure in the Society and Leisure in the Roaring TwentiesRoaring Twenties

““The uncertainties of 1919 were over. America The uncertainties of 1919 were over. America was going on the greatest, gaudiest spree in was going on the greatest, gaudiest spree in

history” – F. Scott Fitzgeraldhistory” – F. Scott Fitzgerald

Under-25Under-25

Rebelled against Rebelled against values of the past and values of the past and authority of eldersauthority of elders

Wanted fun and Wanted fun and freedomfreedom FashionsFashions AttitudesAttitudes BehaviorsBehaviors

WomenWomen FlappersFlappers

American women who American women who wore bobbed hair, wore bobbed hair, makeup, and dresses makeup, and dresses that fell just below the that fell just below the knee and were usually knee and were usually eager to try new eager to try new fashions, behaviors, fashions, behaviors, dances, and fads dances, and fads

WomenWomen ““Today women are on Today women are on

the whole much more the whole much more individual. They possess individual. They possess as strong likes and as strong likes and dislikes as men. They dislikes as men. They live more and more on live more and more on the plane of social the plane of social equality with men . . . equality with men . . . [and] there is more [and] there is more enjoyable enjoyable companionship and real companionship and real friendship between men friendship between men and women.” – and women.” – Margaret Margaret Sanger,Sanger, quoted in quoted in A A More Perfect UnionMore Perfect Union

WomenWomen More personal freedomMore personal freedom

Drove cars Drove cars Played sportsPlayed sports Went to college Went to college Worked before marriage or to Worked before marriage or to

help out in a family crisishelp out in a family crisis

MarriageMarriage Equal partnershipEqual partnership But women still had But women still had

responsibility of housework and responsibility of housework and child rearingchild rearing

New job opportunitiesNew job opportunities Business officesBusiness offices Retail storesRetail stores FactoriesFactories

College graduates College graduates Still teachers & nursesStill teachers & nurses LibrariansLibrarians Social workersSocial workers Bankers Bankers

Less educated womenLess educated women FactoriesFactories Typists Typists SecretariesSecretaries Store clerksStore clerks Cashiers Cashiers

African AmericansAfrican Americans NAACP NAACP

An organization formed to protect An organization formed to protect the constitutional rights of African the constitutional rights of African Americans and make people aware Americans and make people aware of crimes against African Americansof crimes against African Americans

Marcus Garvey led a back to Marcus Garvey led a back to Africa movementAfrica movement

KKK KKK Had up to 5 million membersHad up to 5 million members Expanded outside the SouthExpanded outside the South Still tried to use violence to keep Still tried to use violence to keep

African Americans from votingAfrican Americans from voting

FundamentalismFundamentalism

Fundamentalism Fundamentalism The belief in a literal, word-for-word interpretation of the The belief in a literal, word-for-word interpretation of the

Bible Bible Theory of evolution Theory of evolution

Living things developed over millions of years from earlier Living things developed over millions of years from earlier and simpler forms of lifeand simpler forms of life

Fundamentalists did not want theory of evolution Fundamentalists did not want theory of evolution taught in public schools because it opposed their taught in public schools because it opposed their belief in the biblical story of creationbelief in the biblical story of creation

The Scopes TrialThe Scopes Trial Dayton, TN biology teacher John Scopes tested the law by Dayton, TN biology teacher John Scopes tested the law by

teaching evolutionteaching evolution Trial received national attention and radio coverageTrial received national attention and radio coverage

LeisureLeisure

Americans had more Americans had more time and money for time and money for fun fun Laborsaving Laborsaving

appliancesappliances Shorter working hoursShorter working hours Higher wagesHigher wages

African Americans African Americans and Hispanic and Hispanic American’s leisure American’s leisure activities were limited activities were limited IncomeIncome Race Race

Spent $4 billion on Spent $4 billion on leisure in 1929leisure in 1929 MoviesMovies MuseumsMuseums Public librariesPublic libraries

• BooksBooks• MagazinesMagazines

RadioRadio TelephoneTelephone Playing gamesPlaying games Driving Driving

Roaring Leisure ActivitiesRoaring Leisure Activities The Charleston and d

ance marathons Crossword puzzlesCrossword puzzles Mah-jonggMah-jongg Flagpole sittingFlagpole sitting

JAZZJAZZ

JazzJazz Music developed by Music developed by

African-Americans in African-Americans in New Orleans that New Orleans that combined African combined African rhythms, blues, and rhythms, blues, and ragtime to produce a ragtime to produce a unique sound unique sound

JAZZJAZZ

Popularized by mass media and became a Popularized by mass media and became a part of popular culturepart of popular culture Mass media – communications that reach a Mass media – communications that reach a

large audience to entertain and provide info large audience to entertain and provide info on latest fashions and lifestyles (radio and on latest fashions and lifestyles (radio and movies)movies)

Popular culture – songs, dances, fashions, Popular culture – songs, dances, fashions, and even slang that are cool!and even slang that are cool!

Harlem Harlem RenaissanceRenaissance

Symbolized a rebirth Symbolized a rebirth of hope for African of hope for African Americans through Americans through cultural activities of cultural activities of writers, musicians, writers, musicians, singers, painters, singers, painters, sculptors, and sculptors, and scholarsscholars

HeroesHeroes Sports figures Sports figures

Captured imagination Captured imagination of American publicof American public

Restored Americans’ Restored Americans’ belief that people belief that people could improve their could improve their liveslives

Charles LindberghCharles Lindbergh Amelia Earhart Amelia Earhart

The Lost GenerationThe Lost Generation

Artists and writers who viewed the decade after the Artists and writers who viewed the decade after the war as a time of deep despair with resentment and war as a time of deep despair with resentment and little hope for the future and not celebration after little hope for the future and not celebration after progressivism and senseless warprogressivism and senseless war

It's the fellow with four to ten thousand a year . . . It's the fellow with four to ten thousand a year . . . and an automobile and a nice little family in a and an automobile and a nice little family in a bungalow . . . that makes the wheels of progress go bungalow . . . that makes the wheels of progress go round! . . . That's the type of fellow that's ruling round! . . . That's the type of fellow that's ruling America today; in fact, it's the ideal type to which the America today; in fact, it's the ideal type to which the entire world must tend, if there's to be a decent, entire world must tend, if there's to be a decent, well-balanced . . . future for this little old planet! – well-balanced . . . future for this little old planet! – Sinclair Lewis,Sinclair Lewis, BabbittBabbitt