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Toffler’s Three Waves
Past, Present, Future
The Good, The Better, The Technologically Advanced!!
Agricultural Wave
• 1800BC-1750AD• Extended families tied to the land and
dependent on the survival of crops. • Families traveled by walking or horse. • Communication consisted of talking face to
face or word traveling with the Pony Express• Education was simple including few books,
classes with a variety of age groups, and home schooling.
Industrial Wave
• 1750-1955• Family changed to nuclear units due to
industrialization. • Families were separated to work in factories and
towns.• Businesses went top down, bureaucracies were in
place, and factories went up.• People continued to communicate face to face with
the addition of landline telephones.• Educaiton saw the addition of film strips, video, TV,
students grouped by age and grade, and books.
Informational Wave
• 1955-1995• Single parent families/two working
parents/latch key kids• Business has moved into a collaborative
teamwork environment with flexible hours. Locations are varied.
• Planes and automobiles are prevalent• Communication has taken a massive leap
with the use of cellular phones, computers, and internet. Our youth is now digitalized.
Fourth Wave/ “Humanology”
• A continuous process from the agricultural, industrial, to informational age to the multi facets of technological advances we see today.
• Communication and Creativity is and will play an important role
• Values, morals, and standards must be implemented• Biotechnologies have started and will continue to
develop • All knowledge based facets are being influenced and
will continue to be influenced and changed.• Is it possible that the human will actually become the
computer instead of manipulating the machine?
6
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1900-1910
•In 1902 Willis Carrier invented the first air conditioning. http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa081797.htm•In 1906 Lewis Nixon invented the first sonar listening devicehttp://mainland.cctt.org/istf2006/sonar.asp
7
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1900-1910•Cost accounting innovated by DuPont in 1903
http://acct.tamu.edu/giroux/Americanbigbusiness.html
•1908 Ford’s assembly line
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/ford.htm
8
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1900-1910
•The first copies of The Interpretation of Dreams appear, post- dated 1900. http://www.freud-museum.at/freud/chronolg/chrnlg-e.htm
•Ernest Jones: Founder of the American Psychoanalytic Association
1910
9
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1900-1910•1908 NAACP founded
http://www.africanaonline.com/orga_naacp.htm
•1903 Wright Brothers first flight
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/wright.htm
10
Advances in the World of Music 1900-1910
•1990 Jazz
http://kclibrary.lonestar.edu/music-2.html
•1990 Sheetmusic
http://www.southernmusic.net/1900.htm
11
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1910-1920
•Garrett A. Morgan invents Morgan Gas Mask in 1914 http://inventors.about.com/od/mstartinventors/a/Garrett_Morgan.htm
•1917: Jacob Schick develops the electric razor http://iavbbs.com/gflinn/schick.htm
12
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1910-1920•1910 Hollywood is born
http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/1999/12/27/DD53785.DTL
•1911 Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Oil_Co._of_New_Jersey_v._United_States
13
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1910-1920• 1912 first Montessori school was established in Tarrytown, N.Y. http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Montessori,+Maria
•1916 Dewey writes Democracy and Education.
http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/DewDemo.html
14
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1910-1920•1917 WW1
http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/jazz/wwi_1
•1919 Nineteenth Amendment
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1920womensvote.html
TimeLine Project
EDUC-8840-2/EDUC-7100-2 Evolution of Educational
Technology in Society, Education, and the Workplace
Elizabeth Ethridge 15
16
Advances in the World of Music 1910-1920
•American patriotic songs/Between mid-1914 and mid-1919
http://www.parlorsongs.com/issues/2004-4/thismonth/feature.php
•1920 Juilliard Foundation created
http://aboutfestival.blogspot.com/2009/10/juilliard-music-school-in-new-yorkusa.html
17
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1920-1930
•1921- Modern polygraph machine invented by John Larson.
http://inventors.about.com/od/fstartinventions/a/forensic_2.htm
•1926- John Baird creates first television transmitter http://www.answers.com/topic/john-logie-baird
18
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1920-1930•1927 Doheny Oil Scandal Case
•http://www.1920-30.com/business/doheny-scandal.html
•1929 Stock Market Crash
http://www.pbs.org/fmc/timeline/estockmktcrash.htm
19
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1920-1930
•1924 A. S. Neil founded Summerhill a radical progressive school founded on the principals of freedom. http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Summerhill
•1926 Sidney L. Pressey published the first paper on the use of the Teaching Machine in School and Society. http://www.skagitwatershed.org/~donclark/hrd/history/machine.html
20
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1920-1930•1920 Prohibition of alcohol
http://cocktails.about.com/od/history/a/prohibition.htm
•1929 Stock Market Crash
http://www.money-zine.com/Investing/Stocks/Stock-Market-Crash-of-1929/
21
Advances in the World of Music 1920-1930
•1925 First Electrical Recordings
http://www.soc.duke.edu/~s142tm01/history2.html
•1927 The New Orthophonic Victrola Record Player
http://1920-30.com/blog/state-of-the-art-sound-system-1927/
22
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1930-1940
•1932 Edward Herbert Land invented stop action photography http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blpolaroid.htm
•1937 Chester Carlson invented the photocopier.
http://inventors.about.com/od/xyzstartinventions/a/xerox.htm
23
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1930-1940•1930 The Ernest Munster Papers
http://www.hagley.lib.de.us/library/collections/manuscripts/findingaids/acc2031munster.html
•1933 The New Deal
http://memory.loc.gov/learn//features/timeline/depwwii/newdeal/newdeal.html
24
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1930-1940
•1932 Thorndike’s Word Books
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Thorndike
•1935 Social Theories of Vilfredo Pareto- Mind and Society
sunzi1.lib.hku.hk/hkjo/view/32/3200052.pdf
25
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1930-1940•1933 The Great Depression
http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/GreatDepression.html
•1933 The 21st amendment
http://rhapsodyinbooks.wordpress.com/2008/12/05/december-5-1933-21st-amendment-repeals-prohibition/
26
Advances in the World of Music 1930-1940
•1935 – 1947 Big Band/Swing
http://kclibrary.lonestar.edu/music-2.html
•1936 BASF engineers
http://www.soc.duke.edu/~s142tm01/history3.html
27
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1940-1950
•1941 Konrad Zuse invents the first computer controlled by software. http://www.epemag.com/zuse/part4a.htm
•1946 Percy Spencer invented the microwave oven. http://inventors.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/spencer.html
28
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1940-1950•1940 Merill Lynch and Co. formed
http://www.thehistoryofcorporate.com/companies-by-industry/finance/merrill-lynch-co/
•1946 Mitsuba Company in Japan
http://www.mitsuba.co.jp/english/jiten/history_40.html
29
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1940-1950
•1946 Edgar Dale’s Cone of Learning
http://itls.usu.edu/wiki/foundations-2008/brians-class-famous-people/edgar-daleg
•1953 Behavior therapy research project
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behaviour_therapy
30
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1940-1950•1941 Pearl Harbor
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/pearl.htm
•1949 NATO formed
http://www.historycentral.com/dates/1948.html
31
Advances in the World of Music 1940-1950
•1941 Les Paul/first solid-body electric guitar
http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/les-paul
•1942 Bing Crosby releases "White Christmas"
http://www.knowledgerush.com/kr/encyclopedia/Bing_Crosby/
32
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1950-1960
•1951 Charles Ginsburg invented the first video tape recorder. http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blvideo.htm
•1958 Gordon Gould invents the laser. http://inventors.about.com/od/gstartinventors/p/Gordon_Gould.htm
33
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1950-1960•1950 Gross National Product
http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/20/federal-revenues-at-lowest-share-of-gdp-since-1950/
•1951 Diner’s Club Card
http://www.didyouknow.org/creditcards.htm
34
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1950-1960
•1957 Skinner Operant Conditioning Paradigm http://tip.psychology.org/skinner.html
•1959 The Premack Principle by David Premack http://www.amazines.com/premack_principle_related.html
35
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1950-1960•1954 Brown Vs. Board of Education
http://brownvboard.org/summary/
•1958 Sputnik
http://history.nasa.gov/sputnik/
36
Advances in the World of Music 1950-1960
•1956 Heartbreak Hotel
http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/elvis-presley
•1959 Plane crash kills Buddy Holly, Richie Valens, The Big Bopper
http://www.cnn.com/2009/SHOWBIZ/Music/02/02/day.music.died/index.html
37
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1960-1970
•1962 The Phillip’s Company audio cassette
http://inventors.about.com/od/audiowaxrecordstomp3/a/Cassette_Tape.htm
•1964 BASIC –computer language program
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blbasic.htm
38
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1960-1970•1962 Wal-Mart founded by Sam Walden
http://mba.tuck.dartmouth.edu/pdf/2002-2-0013.pdf
•1969 Neil Armstrong-first man on the moon
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/21/newsid_2635000/2635845.stm
39
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1960-1970
•1962 Piaget’s Sensorimotor Practice Play
http://www.kidsource.com/kidsource/content2/Nature.of.Childs.play.html
•1966 Bruner’s Constructivist Theory
http://tip.psychology.org/bruner.html
40
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1960-1970•1960 Civil Rights Movement
http://www2.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/sixties/civil.html
•1968 Assassination of Martin Luther King
http://history1900s.about.com/cs/martinlutherking/a/mlkassass.htm
41
Advances in the World of Music 1960-1970
•1966 Jimi Hendrix
http://www.nndb.com/people/885/000031792/
•1969 Woodstock
http://cbc.ca/arts.music/story/2009/08/14/woodstock-anniversary-festival-culture.html
42
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1970-1980
•1971 Liquid Crystal Display-James Fergason
http://inventors.about.com/od/lstartinventi
ons/a/LCD.htm
•1973 Ethernet invented
http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa111598.htm
43
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1970-1980•1972 Equal Pay Act
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m4422/is_3_22/ai_n13678074/
•1979 Japan’s first cell phone network introduced
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m4422/is_3_22/ai_n13678074/
44
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1970-1980
•The Society for Quantitative Analyses of Behavior (SQAB) was founded in 1978
http://sqab.psychology.org/
•Rehabilitation Act of 1973
http://www.dol.gov/compliance/laws/comp-rehab.htm
45
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1970-1980•1970 Earth Day
http://www.epa.gov/history/topics/earthday/02.htm
•1971 Twenty Sixth Amendment
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment26/
46
Advances in the World of Music 1970-1980
•1977 Cassettes
http://www.soc.duke.edu/~s142tm01/history4.html
•1979 Pulse code modulation
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/399051/music-recording/64651/Advancements-since-World-War-II
47
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1980-1990
•1984 Apple Macintosh invented
http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa051599.htm
•1988 Digital Cell phones invented
http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa072199.htm
48
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1980-1990•1983 Personal Computer nomination by Time Magazine
http://www.computerhope.com/history/198090.htm
•1986 Tax Reform Act
http://law.jrank.org/pages/10684/Tax-Reform-Act-1986.html
49
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1980-1990
•1984 Experimental learning styles
http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/experience.htm#Experiential%20Learning%20Styles
•1990 Federal Law /The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
http://www.kidsource.com/kidsource/content3/ada.idea.html
50
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1980-1990•1981 President Reagan Shot
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/30/newsid_2530000/2530913.stm
•1986 Challenger Explodes
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?action=Article&id=52902
51
Advances in the World of Music 1980-1990
•1981 MTV
http://www.knowledgerush.com/kr/encyclopedia/MTV/
•1986 The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
http://www.knowledgerush.com/kr/encyclopedia/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame/
52
Technological Advances and Innovations: 1990-2000
•Father of the Internet Tim Berners-Lee 1990
http://inventors.about.com/od/istartinventions/a/internet.htm
•1996 Web TV invented
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bl_web_tv.htm
53
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 1990-2000•1995 Ebay website founded
http://www.cs.brandeis.edu/~magnus/ief248a/eBay/history.html
•1997 World Investment Report
http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-34490672.html
54
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 1990-2000
•1994 KIPP
http://www.pbs.org/makingschoolswork/sbs/kipp/index.html
•1998 Reading Excellence Act is passed.
http://www.jstor.org/pss/20204854
55
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
1990-2000•1990 The Gulf War
http://www.historyguy.com/GulfWar.html
•1992 President Bill Clinton
http://multied.com/elections/1992.html
56
Advances in the World of Music 1990-2000
•1990 Piracy
http://www.soc.duke.edu/~s142tm01/piracy.html
•1999 RAP became the top-selling music genre in America.
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1272/is_2664_129/ai_65230188/
57
Technological Advances and Innovations: 2000-2010
•2001 Apple Computer’s iPod
http://inventors.about.com/od/istartinventions/a/iPod.htm
•2005 You Tube invented
http://inventors.about.com/od/xyzstartinventions/a/YouTube.htm
58
Business and Corporate Philosophies: The Nature of
Work: 2000-2010•2001 Corporations Act
http://www.gov.bc.ca/yourbc/tax_business/tb_business.html?src=/business/tb_business.html
•2008 Americans with Disabilities Acts Amendments
http://www.access-board.gov/about/laws/ADA.htm
59
Educational Theories in Learning and Instruction: 2000-2010
•2001 No Child Left Behind
http://www.ed.gov/nclb/landing.jhtml
•2006 Flat Classroom Project
http://www.flatclassroomproject.org/About
60
Society and Culture/ Key Events that determined the thinking of
2000-2010•2008 World Olympics
http://www.infoplease.com/ipsa/A0114094.html
•2009 Barack Obama elected president
http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/President44/
61
Advances in the World of Music 2000-2010
•2000 Limewire founded
http://www.lycos.com/info/lime-wire--lime-wire-llc.html
•2005 Anniversary of AACM
http://aacmchicago.org/about-us