Togo electrification strategy - Lighting GlobalIntroduction of non-grid solution Private sector involved in electrification Mobilization of the additional financing needed for scaling

Presentation | June 2018

Togo electrification strategy

22

This is:

▪ a strategy document supporting the

Government’s vision for universal access

by 2030 through the deployment of grid

and non-grid solutions

▪ a roadmap showing the main

milestones for strategy implementation

in the short, medium and long terms

This is not:

▪ A detailed technical study of the

technological solutions to be implemented

in each location

Presentation

33

Table of contents

Government's vision for universal electrification

Current situation

A new approach to universal electrification

Roadmap

Annexes

4

Government’s vision for universal electrification

SOURCE: Workshop with the main stakeholders

▪ Togo recognizes that access to electricity is essential to its policy of inclusive

economic development and growth and is a key pillar in the success of its new

National Development Plan

▪ Togo’s ambition is for universal access by all its citizens by 2030, with 100%

access over the next ten years

– This will be achieved by an intelligent combination of grid extension with

non-grid technologies (mini-grids and solar kits)

– The national strategy is based on a cheapest solution approach to the

technologies to be deployed in the country

▪ Togo’s achievement of universal access will use private sector investment from

mainly public/private partnerships (PPPs) and targeted support that will, for

example, give the most vulnerable access to electricity

Togo’s approach aims to show that a country can be electrified

in just twelve years

5

Togo is currently at a critical point in its electrification process

xy % Electrification

Business as usual ConsolidationParadigm change Acceleration

2337% ~40% ~4050% 5075% 75100%

Demonstration

▪ Grid based

▪ Public sector

management

▪ AT2ER formed

▪ Introduction of

non-grid

solution

▪ Private sector

involved in

electrification

▪ Mobilization of

the additional

financing

needed for

scaling

▪ Multiplied calls

for tender and

project launches

▪ Continuing

deployment of

the

electrification

strategy until

universal

access

achieved

▪ New

electrification

strategy

▪ Review of the

regulatory

framework

▪ Introduction of

flagship

programs

▪ Proof of regional

leadership

2010-2016 2017 2018-2020 2021-2025 2026-2030

Present

66

The Togo electrification strategy draws on numerous approaches

and sources of information

NOT EXHAUSTIVE

Geospatial

model

Approach Illustration Description

Benchmarks

and case

studies

▪ Various benchmarks and case

studies underpinning the

modeling and operating model

assumptions

Meetings

▪ Meetings with over 25 Togolese

and international energy

stakeholders to test the various

propositions within the strategy

and identify additional sources of

finance

▪ Geospatial model used to

determine the most economical

electrification model for each

location in Togo

Mini-grid

Solar kits

Financial

sector

Energy

firms

Public

sector

Financial

backers

77

Table of contents


Current situation


Roadmap

Annexes

88

The Togo electrification rate rose from 23% in 2010 to ~40% in 2017, almost

exclusively through grid extension

Electrification rates 2010-2017, %

14

28%

20171

~40%

30%

33%

1513 16

36%+8% p.a.

+6% p.a.

23%

1211

26% 26%

2010

GridMini-GridSHS

1 2017 launch of 4 solar mini-grids (600 kWc) and installation of 2280 kits solar kits in 25 villages

2 Assumption of 39k households electrified p.a. in 2018, and 5% annual growth in the number of electrified households

SOURCE: Togo Local Electrification Program

At the current rate

of electrification2,

universal

access will not

be achieved

until ~2050, with

less than 60%

access by 2030

99

Lomé

Almost 1M households in Togo, mainly in rural areas, are still without

electricity

0.8

0.4

0.6

1.0

0.9

0.1

0.1

Urban Rural

1.5

0.5

Total

36%7%80%

Togo electrification rate

Millions of electrified households, 2016 Electrification rate by region, 2010-2016

74%

13 2016

92%

63%

2010

11%8%6%

16% 20%13%

14%12% 18%

11% 14%9%

13% 20%9%

SOURCE: Togo Local Electrification Program, team analyses

Not electrified Electrified

Electrification rate

0-10% 11-20% 21-40% >40%

Kara

Savanes

Maritime

Plateaux

Centrale

1010

Electrifying all households by 2030 would mean electrifying ~1.3M additional

households, of which 0.9M in non-electrified areas

0.7

Population

growth1

~2.1

0.4

2030

1.3

2017

~1.5

0.5

1.0

~0.6

0.2

SOURCE: CEET, INSEED data, press, team analysis

Number of households to be electrified

Millions of households

Not electrified Electrified

~1.3 million

homes not

electrified in 2030,

or 113 000

households or ~7% of the

population

electrified every

year

(0.9 million in

non-electrified

areas2)

Aspirations for universal (100%)

access to electrification

2030

2030

2025

1 Assumption: 1/3 of new households are in already electrified areas

2 Estimated 400k non-electrified households are in already electrified areas and need last-mile electrification

1111

Electrifying 113 000 households p.a. to achieve universal access by 2030

may seem ambitious – but is realistic

1 Electrified households are both households that are official grid subscribers and those that are not officially connected (~x1.5 subscribing households ). The estimated number of persons in

each household is 5, in line with 2010 INSEED estimates

SOURCE: INSEED, CEET, Kenya power, press, WEO, EIU Canback

32

5651

47

28

19

39

122011

~39

201715 161413

286 # electrified households (000)1 549

Togo history

Connections p.a. (000 electrified households)

History in other aspirational countries

% additional households connected p.a.

3.1%South Africa

(94-04)

5.3%

4.9%Vietnam

(99-08)

~7%

Kenya

(12-15)

Togo requirement p.a. at 2030

~113Togo must almost triple its historic

annual connection average by also

using non-grid solutions

1313

Table of contents


Current situation


▪Market segmentation

▪Business model

▪Financing the vision

Roadmap

Annexes

1414

If it is to triple the number of households electrified each year, Togo must

use the latest technologies and business models

SOURCE: team analysis

Grid connection Domestic solar kitsMini-grids

▪ Connection to the national grid

managed by CEET

▪ Cheapest option for densely

populated areas near the grid

▪ Traditional electrification model

▪ System powered by solar panels,

diesel or hydro, able to supply a

number of households/SMEs

▪ Cheapest option for densely

populated areas not near the grid

▪ Might be connected to the national

grid in future

▪ System that uses solar power via

photovoltaic panels, can supply

an entire household or one SME

▪ Cheapest option for areas not

densely populated and not near

the grid

▪ Can be installed quickly and sized

to fit the needs of the household

concerned

Generally public sector Requires a PPPGenerally private sector with

public sector support

1515SOURCE: Beyond Connections: Energy Access Redefined (ESMAP, 2015)

To do this, we must rethink access to electricity in terms of service level for

all technological solutions

Togo has decided that an electrified household has access to: (i) modern lighting; (ii) a cellphone charger; and (iii)

additional devices where this is possible and the household wants them. The installed capacity equivalent for this level

of service is at least 20W

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5

Installed

capacity

▪ Min 3 W ▪ Min 2000 W▪ Min 200 W ▪ Min 800 W▪ Min 50 W

Devices ▪ Level 4 plus

very high-

power devices

(e.g. fridge)

▪ Level 2 plus

medium-power

devices (e.g.

food mixer)

▪ Level 3 plus

high-power

devices (e.g.

microwave)

▪ General lighting

▪ Phone charger

▪ TV

▪ Fan, if

necessary

Daily

consumption

▪ Min 12 Wh ▪ Min 8200 Wh▪ Min 1000 Wh ▪ Min 3400 Wh▪ Min 200 Wh

Grid

Mini-grids

Solar kits

Minimum level set by the

Togo Government

▪ Lighting for

work

▪ Phone charger

1616

Geospatial modeling using digital mapping of Togo has identified for each

locality a preliminary mix of the most suitable technological solutions, based

on existing and projected demand

SOURCE: GIS model

Geospatial approach to the electrification strategy Main advantages

▪ Efficient – the method uses a

cheapest solution approach for

each locality, based on identified

demand

▪ Dynamic – the model can cope with

change, including change in

technological solution prices to 2030

and population growth

▪ Transparent – the model uses

objective criteria and accessible data

▪ Updatable – the model can be

adjusted and updated in line with

changes in the electrification

program (e.g. grid extension)

Current

grid

Solar

radiation

Light

emissions

Localities Selected

technologies

1717

Result – To ensure universal electrification by 2030, almost 50% of the

additional households could be connected using non-grid solutions

SOURCE: geospatial model, team analyses

31%

21%

4%

43%

9

64

85

44

0%

61%

10%

30%

~55k

~555k2

~965

~315

~1970

1 Last mile electrification through the grid of households currently without electricity but in localities connected to the grid

2 Includes households in ~11k small communities, excluding the 3248 localities identified

3 Does not total 100% because percentages have been rounded up/down

~400k1

N/A

Implications (for universal access by 2030) Total

Illustration of technology choices

per locality (n=3248)

Localities

% of new

localities to be

electrified3

Generation

Additional

capacity (MW)

Connections

% of new

households

electrified3

~270k

Solar kitsMini-gridsGrid

extension

Last mile

grid1

ESTIMATES

18

The size of the country and low population density mean that grid extension

and solar kits predominate in different regions

# new connections per technology

2030

4%

69%

26%

SOURCE: geospatial model, team analyses

Kara

Savanes

Maritime

Plateaux

Centrale

31%62%

7%

62%

6%31%

9%

68%22%

Solar kitsGrid1 Mini-grids

41%4%

55%

Total electrified

households1, 2030

~120k

~135k

~95k

~280k

~255k

1 Total excluding ~400k connections to be made in locations already on the grid

~225 ~40 ~745

~155 ~60 ~365

~130 ~35 ~240

~210 ~150 ~455

~240 ~30 ~170

Electrified locationsx

ESTIMATES

19

100%electrification

by 2030

Togo’s winning combination

solar kits555,000

mini solar grids315+

new localities

connected to the grid960+

households without

electricity but already

on the grid400,000

in additional power

generated by the grid108MW+

2020

Table of contents


Current situation



▪Business model


Roadmap

Annexes

2121SOURCE: geospatial model, team analyses

To achieve full electrification by 2030 we will need ~CFA 995 bn in

investment, or 83 bn p.a. over 12 years

Methodology Total cost over 20 years (CFA bn)

TotalGrid Mini-grids

435

147

Domestic

solar kits

995

413

~670k ~55k ~555k ~1,3M

Total

connections

by 2030

▪ Costs at discounted

value of the investments

needed over a 20-year

life, including:

– Initial investment

(capex), including

investment for

productive usage

– Recurrent investment

(opex)

– Grid connections: price

of electricity

consumed (cost of

supplementary

generation)

1 Cost over 20 years (including relevant consumption), including productive usage of electricity

2 Conservative estimate of cost of energy consumed by households connected to the grid over 20 years: production cost + current transmission (including loss)

ESTIMATES

~620 ~2640 ~780 ~750

Cost per

connection,

CFA K1

of which 55 bn

generation2

2222SOURCE: CEET, Local Electrification Plan, team analysis

To achieve universal access by 2030, Togo will need an average of

~CFA 83 bn p.a. - 4 times the historic average

Estimated cost of electrification 2010-20161

(CFA bn)

Annualized cost per technology

2018-20302 (CFA bn p.a.)

15

2322

9

2011 20171413

26

13

18

1512 16

~18

1 Based on the annual number of connections p.a. (CEET) multiplied by the estimated total cost over 20 years, including generation, initial investment and recurrent investment in grid

maintenance

2 Cost incudes mini-grid and solar kit operator margins; costs include electrification for productive usage e.g. telecoms towers, schools, La Poste

34

12

Total Grid Solar

kits

Mini-

grids

83

x4

To cover such a

large increase in

investment new

sources of finance

must be found, mainly

by involving the

private sector

ESTIMATES

23

The private sector has demonstrated its ability to take an active and effective

part in electrification projects and non-grid solutions in particular. Togo

should capitalize on these successful models

Current sector position Examples of stakeholders

Using the private

sector as the key

player in the

deployment of

non-grid solutions

is now a tried,

tested and

generally accepted

decision

Mini-

grids

Solar kits

▪ Various payment methods

– Retail sale, like any consumer product

– Pay-as-you-go, payment spread over several

years

▪ Evolving systems that consumers can select as

required and in accordance with their ability to

pay

▪ Innovative solution for small revenue-

generating businesses (e.g. dressmaking)

▪ Average life of a kit is 7 years (1 initial purchase

+ 2 renewals over 20 years)

▪ Mini-utility model suitable for a combination of

households + SMEs within a location and able to

be hooked up to the mini-grid system

▪ Particularly suitable for level 3 or higher

▪ Average operating life 20+ years

Implementing Togo’s electrification strategy and obtaining the necessary investment will require intervention

from the private sector

2424

However, public support will be needed to encourage private investment in non-grid

solutions. Three types of support could be considered

Form of public support

SOURCE: discussions with mini-grid and solar kit operators, team analyses

▪ Technical assistance (e.g. market/

feasibility studies)

▪ Indirect operating support (e.g.

logistical assistance with solar kits)

▪ Tax exemptions (VAT and Customs

duty)

▪ Regulatory framework (e.g.

concession zones for mini-grids,

standards, licenses, performance,

data, etc.)

▪ Credit lines at concessionary or

preferential rates

▪ Concessional equity

▪ Guarantees against payment

default

▪ Viability subsidies (e.g. for

mini-grid investment, for the

most vulnerable segments for

solar kits), could be result-

based (number of electrified

households)

▪ Targeted subsidies for public

services and national

priorities (e.g. schools, medical

centers, agricultural support

programs etc.), could also be

results-based

Technical assistance and

indirect support1

Financial instruments for

private investmentPublic investment2 3

2525

Togo Mini-Grid Program

300+

55 000+ Electrified households

Mini-grids by 2030, 150+ of

which high probability

2626

Mini-grids: Togo aims to deploy over 300 mini-grids by 2030

SOURCE: team analyses

Deployment

targets

Installed

capacity▪ Around 9 MW solar generation capacity installed

Financing

▪ Deployment mainly driven by public/private partnerships

– Private sector has the equipment, is responsible for most

operations along the value chain (e.g. construction,

maintenance)

– Public sector helps fill the viability gap with technical

assistance and indirect support (e.g. fiscal), and results-

based subsidies

MINI-GRIDS

1 Technical assistance & indirect support

Total electrified

households

Locations to be

electrified

2018-2020

10k

~60

2021-2025

20k

~120

2026-2030

25k

~135

Total

55k

~315

Business model

79

40

28

Total requirement:

CFA 147 bn

TA & IS1

Public

Private

27

Technical assistance and indirect support

▪ Tax incentives (e.g. exemption from 18% VAT on

equipment or from Customs duty on batteries/

inverters)2

▪ Technical assistance and pre-development

(responsibility for pre-development)

▪ Identification of best location areas (e.g. details

of grid arrival)

▪ Standardization of licensing procedures

Financial

instruments

▪ Reduced

finance

expense2 (e.g.

concessional

loans or credit

lines2)

Public investment

▪ Subsidies covering

construction costs (up to

40%), based on best

practice in other

countries

▪ Subsidies could be

results-based

Consumer contribution

▪ Average of ability to pay CFA

3.9K per month (residential)

and 5.1K (with productive

usage)

▪ CFA 8K for productive usage

(TBC through additional

analyses), with 70/30

residential/productive ratio

1 2 3

Within a mini-grid PPP, support mechanisms would keep public investment

down at around CFA 1.8 K per month per connection

SOURCE: Common external tariff of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU, 2017), team analysis

AIPU (Average

Investment Per User)

2.1

Favorable

environment

2.5

ARPU (Average

Revenue Per User)

Public investmentFinancial instruments

0.5

9.3

1.8

5.5

Total cost

0.4

6.8

Reduction in mini-grid electricity costs per connection1, (CFA 000 per month)

1 Required revenue based on $5000 average connection cost spread over 20 years and 400 kWh monthly consumption p.a. Opex is 3% of CAPEX p.a.

2 Assumes 8% commercial loan is replaced by a 2.5% concessional loan (debt/equity ratio is 40/60)

No direct financing required Public financing/cross-subsidies/TFPFinancing by the user

MINI-GRIDS

Needs will decline over time

as technology costs drop

tax incentivespre-development supportdetails next page

28

The total finance requirement for the deployment of mini-grids in Togo is

~CFA 147 bn

SOURCE: discussions with mini-grid developers, Doing Business, team analysis

MINI-GRIDS

147

25

40

79

Tax incentives

Credit lines

Total

Technical assistance

and other indirect

support

4

Subsidies

Technical assistance and direct support requirements

(CFA bn) Description

▪ Exemption from VAT and Customs duty on mini-grid

components (e.g. inverters, batteries, plus photovoltaic

panels – which are already exempt)

▪ Technical assistance to finance:

– a national study on consumers’ readiness to pay

– detailed pre-feasibility studies on mini-grid sites

and their prioritization (including individual data sheets

and interactive databases for the use of the private

sector)

– Review of the regulatory framework

▪ Credit lines provided for mini-grid operators for

concessional-rate loans

▪ Results-based financial subsidies (e.g. number of

installed connections)

29

Mini-grids: strategic roadmap and finance requirements


2018-2020

Demonstration

2021-2025

Acceleration

2026-2030

Consolidation

▪ Review regulatory framework

▪ Launch PPP flagship projects

▪ Improve AT2ER capacity

▪ Continue and accelerate calls for

tender based on learnings from the mini-

grid pilot auction

▪ Continue and accelerate calls for

tender

▪ Review and adjust programAims

▪ Mini-grid pilot auction demonstration

▪ ~60 operating mini-grids

▪ ~10 000 households connected

▪ ~120 additional mini-grids

▪ ~20 000 additional households

connected

▪ ~135 additional mini-grids

▪ ~25 000 additional households

connected

Results

▪ Support in the review of the

regulatory framework (standards,

pricing, concession agreements, grid

connection, VAT and Customs, etc.)

▪ Pre-feasibility studies to validate sites

and collect additional data on demand

▪ Support for the implementation of a

mini-grid pilot auction and structuring

of associated subsidies

▪ Additional staff for AT2ER

▪ Continuation of the mini-grid auction

program and its calls for tender

▪ Support for AT2ER and ARSE in the

monitoring and assessment of the

mini-grid PPP projects

▪ Increase in number and training of

AT2ER staff

▪ Audit of AT2ER performance

▪ Review and adjustment of the mini-

grid auction program

▪ Continuation of calls for tender


AT2ER staff

▪ Continuous audit of AT2ER

performance

Technical

assistance

Financial

instruments

▪ Structuring of, and financing for, a

results-based public subsidy

▪ CFA credit line

▪ Results-based public subsidy

▪ CFA credit line

▪ Results-based public subsidy

▪ CFA credit line or guarantees (if

still required)

Cost

estimate

(CFA bn)

▪ Technical assistance

▪ RBF subsidy

▪ Credit line


▪ RBF subsidy

▪ Credit line

2 1 1

5 10 13


▪ RBF subsidy

▪ Credit line14 28 36

MINI-GRIDS

30

Re

gu

lato

ry e

nvir

on

me

nt

To achieve the Togo Mini-grid Program, Togo will introduce a clear strategy to

attract the private sector and maximize investment in mini-grids

Attraction

levers

Mark

et

en

try

meth

od

s

Calls for

tender within

the PPP

framework

Spontaneous

non-PPP

offers

Concessions

Clarity of

regulatory

framework

Ease of doing

business

Description Relevance to Togo

▪ Calls for tender by AT2ER

within the framework of the

above PPP

▪ Developers can suggest

their own projects outside

the above PPP

▪ Temporary exclusive zones

for developers

▪ Clarification of the pricing

structure and other

regulations

▪ General improvement in

the Togolese business

climate

SOURCE: discussions with mini-grids developers, Doing Business, team analysis

▪ High – maintains mini-grid rollout momentum and

raises profile with developers

▪ Average – provides an opportunity to test

innovative/different solutions (e.g. community

involvement) but on its own is insufficient for large-

scale deployment

▪ High – guarantees volumes to mini-grid developers

by stopping local competition

▪ Average – discussions with developers show that

all regulations and incentives need to be clarified in

advance

▪ High – Togo is #156 out of 190 in the Doing

Business rankings

MINI-GRIDS

31

CIZO program – Solar kits

555k+ Households electrified by 2030

32

Solar kits should electrify 555K households by 2030


Deployment

targets

Installed

capacity▪ Up to 85 MW solar generation capacity installed by 2030

Financing

▪ Private sector-driven deployment, with public support

– Private sector responsible for all operations along the value

chain (e.g. kit purchase, distribution, payment collection,

maintenance)

– Public sector provides indirect support for operations and

helps give the most vulnerable access to kits through

support mechanisms

Total connections

Locations to be

electrified

2018-2020

100k

~355

2021-2025

220k

~780

2026-2030

235k

~835

Total

555k

~1970

Business model

66

73

296

Total requirement:

CFA 435 bn

TA & IS

Private

Public1

DOMESTIC SOLAR KITS

1 includes 34 bn for electrification for productive usage

33

The Togolese model in the solar kit sector

▪ License grant based on:

– Service and after-sales service quality over the long term with a

preference for the energy as a service model

– Minimum 20W with the option to upgrade for all operators

– Minimum product quality (min. Lighting Global certification)

– Machine to machine connectivity with the option to connect to the

national platform

▪ 4-5 solar kit distribution licenses issued by 2030 in exchange for

exemption from VAT and Customs duty

▪ No geographic concessions

34

Training and

supply of sales

agents

Support measures will be deployed along the solar kit value chain. Cizo

participants will receive additional support


1 Discussions with solar kit operators 2 Feasibility TBC

1 Technical assistance and indirect support 2 Financial instruments 3 Public investmentDOMESTIC SOLAR KITS

Distribution and

logistics

Sales and

marketing

Payment Repair and battery

replacement

Kit financing Consumer credit

Role throughout the value chain

Private

operator

▪ Self and debt

financing from

the

– parent

company

– commercial

banks

– financial

backers

N/A▪ Kit import

▪ Management,

monitoring and

payment of

distribution to

POSs

▪ Self marketing

of products

▪ Agent

management

with sales

incentives

▪ Monitoring of

payment

collection from

consumers

▪ Partial

acceptance of

risk of payment

default

▪ Provision of

equipment to

replace

batteries and

defective

components

▪ Project Cizo

technician

training in

particular

products

Govern-

ment inter-

vention

– Logistics

– POSs

▪ Public

awareness

campaign about

the kits

▪ Mobile payments

via different

operators

included on the

same domestic

platform

▪ Solar

academies and

technician

training

▪ Network of local

technicians

▪ User training in

kit use

▪ Credit line ▪ Support for one

or more

microfinance

bodies via a

credit line

▪ Credit office fed

with household

use data

▪ Level 1

subsidies2

2

3

1

2

2

11

Project Cizo benefits

• Provision of

market data

▪ Facilitated

import methods

and procedures

35SOURCE: IFC, team analysis

1 ~$542 K total cost of solar academies to train 3000 agents to deal with the 300 000 kits forecast for the Cizo project (~$2 per kit);

2 ~$30 deposit then $30 a month for 36 months = ~$390 or ~CF 204 K at present, minus 18% for exemption from VAT and Customs duty;

3 Marketing expense = 1/3 roadshows vs 1/3 media support and 1/3 equipment production;

4 Market creation cost is the initial layout payable by all new operators e.g. operating license, logistics partnership, warehousing

Cizo project initiatives will cut operator costs and make prices more

affordable for consumers

0

-1

205

-2

-15

154

184

-2

-10

-1

67%

40%

50%

12%

30%

78%

DOMESTIC SOLAR KITS

The Cizo project supports the expansion of the market for solar

kits at the preliminary stage, while preferring quality DESCOs

Type

of intervention

N/A

N/A

% cut per

type

1

2

3

Add. cost without tax exemption1 Favorable environment 2 Financial instrument 3 Subsidies

Marketing and

sales

Payment collection

Distribution and

logistics

Repair/replacement

Operation

financing

Consumer credit

Total initial cost to

consumer

Total cost after

interventions

Impact per kit, (CFA 000)Description

▪ Price for a 50 W BBOXX kit (including VAT/Customs

exemption)2 + cost of financing (~13%)

▪ Roadshows to raise consumer awareness3

▪ Mobile payments on one single platform (50% cut in

commission)

▪ Preferential tariffs (-20%) if State logistics used (La

Poste for transport, warehousing)

▪ Training of local agents in maintenance via solar

academies1 and of consumers in kit use

▪ Financing costs reduced from 10% to ~2.5% (bank

rate vs concessional loan)

▪ Subsidy TBD for the most sensitive populations

▪ Financing costs reduced to 5% from 13% (Togo

microfinancing loans)

▪ Total cost = Sale price + financing cost (for

consumers that need it)16%

36

In locations with solar kit electrification, coverage for productive usage must

be ensured

SOURCE:data from IDATE, Powering Health (USAID), ARSE, Health Ministry, team analyses

DOMESTIC SOLAR KITS

Target is 555 K

connections by

solar kit by

2030 in over

1900 locations

Examples of productive usage that must be covered in locations with solar kit

electrification

NOT EXHAUSTIVE ESTIMATES

1 Based on 1 lamp per 80 residents in the electrified zones in Togo 2 ARSE recommendations 3 IDATE data

4 Based on 280 non-electrified health centers in the country 5 Based on 10K boreholes identified in the country 6 Cost over 20 years includes generation only

Quantification of need

Total cost6

CFA bn

▪ ~110 kindergartens, ~1550

primary schools, ~60 high

schools3

▪ 100W-250W required

capacity per school

3 ▪ Pre-financing and

repayment by the

Government

▪ 50-100 health centers to be

electrified4

▪ Min. 1000W capacity per

center


repayment by the

Government

▪ 4-5k solar pumps5

▪ Required capacity depends

on irrigation needs and

borehole depth

N/A ▪ Pre-financing and

repayment by users

▪ ~35k solar lamps1

▪ 100W required capacity per

lamp2


repayment through a

fee paid by the

location

Schools

Health

centers

Irrigation

pumps

Street

lighting

Possible financing

methods

37

Technical assistance and indirect support


The total Togo solar kit finance requirement is ~ CFA 435 bn


435

73

296

23

44Tax incentives

Total

Credit lines


and other indirect

support

RBF subsidies

DOMESTIC SOLAR KITS

▪ Tax exemptions for Lighting Global certified solar kits


– review of the regulatory framework

– creation of a national platform accessible to all

operators that collects credit history

– Indirect support linked also to awareness campaigns,

the training of local maintenance agents and the

deployment of e-money agents

▪ 5% interest CFA credit line (could include financing for

productive usage)

▪ Guarantees for operators to cover default risk caused by

accelerated rollout in certain zones

▪ Results-based financial subsidies (e.g. number of

installed connections, especially for productive usage )

38

Mini-grids: strategic roadmap and finance requirements


2018-2020

Demonstration

2021-2025

Acceleration

2026-2030

Consolidation


▪ Expand CIZO program

▪ Improve AT2ER capacity

▪ Continue CIZO program

▪ Acceleration thanks to RBF subsidies

▪ Review CIZO program and gradual

return to market dynamicsAims

▪ 2-3 solar kit operators on the market

▪ 100 000 solar kits sold

▪ Demonstration of RBF subsidy

▪ 4-5 operators on the market

▪ 220 000 additional solar kits sold

▪ Acceleration of RBF subsidies

▪ 4-5 operators on a competitive market

▪ 235 000 additional solar kits sold

▪ Assessment and adjustment of CIZO

Results

▪ Selection of 1-2 new operators

▪ Support in the regulatory framework

review (standards, pricing, VAT and

Customs, data protection etc.)

▪ In-depth market survey (demand)

▪ Structure of RBF subsidies

▪ Launch of training program

▪ National data platform comes on line

▪ Awareness campaigns

▪ Additional staff for AT2ER

▪ Selection of 2-3 additional operators

▪ RBF subsidies launched full-scale to

support national priorities (vulnerable

pops, public usage, agriculture etc.)

▪ Support for AT2ER and ARSE in the

monitoring and assessment of the

CIZO program

▪ Improved data platform


AT2ER staff


performance

▪ Review and adjustment of the CIZO

program (e.g. study of the gradual

reintroduction of taxation)

▪ Possible continuation of RBF

subsidies


AT2ER staff


performance

Technical

assistance

Financial

instruments

▪ Structuring of, and financing for, a

results-based public subsidy

▪ CFA credit line and/or guarantees

▪ RBF public subsidy

▪ CFA credit line and/or guarantees

▪ Results-based public subsidy (if still

required)

▪ CFA credit line or guarantees (if

still required)

Cost

estimate

(CFA bn)


▪ RBF subsidy

▪ Credit line


▪ RBF subsidy

▪ Credit line

2 1 1

5 10 13


▪ RBF subsidy

▪ Credit line14 28 36

MINI-GRIDS

39

Grid extension plan

households in already electrified

locations but still to be connected400k

960+ new locations connected by 2030

40

Grid extension and densification: target ~670K connections by 2030,

including ~400K in already electrified locations


Rollout targets

Installed

capacity

▪ Around 108 MW additional capacity to be installed, with the focus on the

use of renewables (e.g. solar, hydro)

Financing

▪ Deployment of additional connections

managed by CEET and AT2ER with ad hoc

private sector contracts for some projects based

on competitive tender

▪ Public finance could be RBF (for both already

electrified and still to be electrified locations)

GRID EXTENSION

Total connections

Of which in already

electrified locations

Locations to be

electrified

2018-2020

120k

80k

~145

2021-2025

270k

150k

~430

2026-2030

280k

170k

~390

Total

670k

400k

~965

Business model

663

344

Total requirement:

CFA 412 bn

TA

Public

Private

41

Technical assistance & indirect support


Total finance requirement to extend and densify the grid is ~CFA 412 bn


6

344

63

Total

Technical

assistance

Subsidies

Credit lines

~412


– review of the regulatory framework

– technical studies of grid extension to new

locations and its densification

▪ Guarantees for IPPs

▪ Private concessional financing

▪ Structuring and financing of an incentive system to

densify and expand the grid

GRID EXTENSION

42

Grid: strategic roadmap and finance requirements


Aims

▪ Acceleration in growth of RE generation

▪ Simultaneous continued extension and

densification of the grid


▪ Grow RE generation

▪ Grid extension and intensification

▪ Acceleration in growth of RE generation

▪ Accelerated extension of the grid

and completion of densification

Results

▪ 19 MW solar and hydro generation

▪ 40 000 connections through extension

▪ 80 000 connections through

intensification


▪ 120 000 connections through extension


intensification



extension


intensification

Technical

assistance

▪ Review and adjustment of the regulatory

framework (PPP and IPP frameworks,

reservation and dispatch requirements,

AT2ER/CEET scopes)

▪ Support for the structuring and launch

of competitive IPP calls for tender

▪ Technical studies for grid extension to

new locations

▪ Technical studies for grid densification

in already connected locations

▪ Continued program of competitive IPP

calls for tender (generation)

▪ Technical studies for grid extension to

new locations

▪ Technical studies for grid densification

in already connected locations

▪ Continued audit of performance

▪ AT2ER/CEET coordination

▪ Continued program of competitive IPP

calls for tender (generation)

▪ Technical studies for grid extension

to new locations

▪ Technical studies for grid

densification in already connected

locations

▪ Continued audit of performance

▪ AT2ER/CEET coordination

Financial

instruments

▪ Structuring and financing of an

incentives system to densify and

intensify the grid

▪ IPP guarantees

▪ Concessional private financing

▪ Continuation of the incentives system to

densify and intensify the grid

▪ Guarantees for additional IPPs


▪ Continuation of the incentives

system to densify and intensify the grid

▪ Guarantees for additional IPPs


Cost

estimate

(CFA bn)

2

62


▪ Grid ext/dens subsidies

▪ Private financing and

guarantees

11

2

139




guarantees

26

2

143




guarantees

26

2018-2020

Demonstration

2021-2025

Acceleration

2026-2030

Consolidation

GRID EXTENSION

4343

Table of contents


Current situation



▪Business model


Roadmap

Annexes

44

~995 bn

To achieve universal access by 2030, private operators will require

~CFA 438 bn in private investment and ~445 bn in public investment

Grid

Mini-grids

Solar kits

28

7940147

73

29666


and indirect support

Total cost

435

Public

investment3Private

investment2

344636412

Total investment over 20 years1 (CFA bn )

1 investment includes electrification for productive usage e.g. telecoms towers, schools, La Poste

2 Proportion of cost covered by the consumer

3 Viability gap to be covered by RBF from Government or its partners

SOURCE: discussions with mini-grid and solar kit operators, team analyses

~112 bn ~438 bn ~445 bn

45SOURCE: AfD, CEET, KfW, press

NOT EXHAUSTIVETogo’s traditional financial backers have actively funded

the energy sector in the past SubsidiesS

Loans

AT Technical

assistance

15

11

46

9

15

30

20

20

Projects financed

Financial

backer

P

▪ Extension of Lome’s electricity grid (cofinanced with the EU, €30 M)

▪ Research to harness hydroelectric potential

▪ Technical assistance to CEET2013-

▪ Extension of Lome’s grid (€7.8 M)

▪ Review of the legal and regulatory framework of the energy sector

▪ Transborder electrification of rural communities in Southern Togo from Ghana (12 locations)

and Benin (8 locations)

2015-

▪ Upgraded generation/distribution capacity for CEET (phases I and II)

▪ Dismantling of “spider web” grids in Lome (Detsicope and Djagble)08-16

▪ Extension of Lome’s grid (€10 M) and transformer sub-station at Davie/Lome (€12 M)

▪ Renovation of the hydro-electric plant at Nangbeto (€11.5 M)

▪ Construction of a West African Power Pool (WAPP) power transmission line - (€13 M)

▪ Technical assistance to CEET

14-16

▪ Upgrade and extension of the CEET power distribution network phase 2 – zones targeted:

Lome, Tsevie, Tabligbo, Vogan, Notse, Anie, Blitta, Bassar, Tchamba, Mango, Cinkasse13-16

▪ Electrification project for 150 rural locations (rural electrification phase 4)13-

▪ Access to power for rural communities in Togo (ER3) ~ CFA 8.5 bn

▪ Project for a transmission line Dapaong-Mango ~CFA 9.6 M13-16

Total

(CFA bn)Total term

▪ Emergency power infrastructure upgrade project ~ CFA 26 bn (09-13)

▪ Project to improve operating performance in the sector and provide access to electricity in

the Lome region ~ CFA 20 bn (2017-)

TA

P

S

TA

S

P

TA

S

P

P

P

TA

P2009-

Previous investments

46

The strategy for electrification by 2030 gives financial backers the

opportunity to support Togo in a high-impact program

Strong momentum, maximizing the likely

success of the electrification strategy thanks to:

▪ a clear national strategy in terms of its

ambition and roadmap

▪ A regulatory environment now being

finalized that will encourage the solutions

recommended in the strategy

▪ An institutional framework favorable to

strategy deployment (e.g. creation of AT2ER),

supported by strong political determination

to achieve rural electrification

Focus on renewable energies, in line with the African

and global agenda for energy transition and

sustainable development

A GOOD BASIS FOR THE SUCCESS OF THE ELECTRIFICATION STRATEGY

1

3

Approach based on clear and quantified

identification of needs, in terms of both type of need

and deployment schedule

2

▪ specific and targeted allocation of available

resources based on identified needs in both

the short and long terms

Opportunity for financial backers to play an active

and crucial role in the achievement of the 2030

vision through:

▪ a results-based approach to financing that

will demonstrate impact

▪ stakeholder collaboration that will give

financial backers representation in the

strategy steering office

47

In the medium term, a creative search for new sources of finance

will be essential

SOURCE: Off-grid Deal Database (GOGLA, 2018), team analyses

Type of support

Financial

partners2

Other4

▪ Must obtain a position early on new partner

agendas

▪ Evidence the strong social impact of the

projects

▪ Government guarantees required to obtain:

(i) national or (ii) regional investment

▪ Risk of exclusion in the event of default means

projects are carefully selected

Private

companies

and

foundations

3

NOT EXHAUSTIVE

▪ Must give examples of success (+ guarantees for

the Togo environment) before new loans can be

requested

▪ Profit-basis means economically viable projects

must be submittedImpact funds/

PE fundsB

Development

partners

Implication for Togo

▪ Long-term partners requiring the right to inspect

partnership projectsInfrastructure

fundsC

▪ Profit-basis means economically viable projects

must be submittedPrivate firmsA

▪ Financing without material guaranteesCompany

foundationsB

▪ Selective support process with high transaction

costs for document preparation

NewB

Commercial

banksA

Climate financeD

Market

investment

National

savingsA

B

Current

Examples

A

1

48

Potentially available financing would cover ~14% of the total requirement

and up to ~85% of the short-term requirement

1 Based on our discussions 2 Credit line via Indian funds but subject to purchase of Indian equipment – can be used for solar equipment (kits/mini-grids) 3 Funds could be used for the Cizo

project

SOURCE: Meetings, team analysis

▪ Potential donations for rural electrification using non-grid solutions

▪ Bringing AT2ER into operation, production of written support and 3-4 mini-grid pilot projects (pre-feasibility study and capex)

▪ Annual credit line available (2 years in every 3) at reduced rates

▪ ~CFA 6 bn for the social component of CIZO

▪ TA of up to ~CFA 2 bn

▪ Electrification2 of 350 villages using a solar technology (technology TBD)

▪ Signed loans to electrify 112 locations in two phases

15

20

140

21

0,4

18

6

20

4

8

21

7

Funds poss. available for

electrification1 (CFA bn)

▪ Energy sector reform and investment project for the energy sector

Total

▪ ~6 bn in concessional loans granted that can potentially be reallocated

Loans Technical assistanceSubsidies TBC Already availableDescription

Likelihood of firm-up

Potentially available financing would cover up to 85% of short-term, and up

to ~14% of total requirement up to 2030

▪ ~CFA 0.4 bn (USD 800K) in technical assistance for mini-grids

▪ Signed loans to electrify 150 locations

▪ Signed loans available for solar mini-grids in 62 locations3

4949

Table of contents


Current situation


Roadmap

Annexes

5050

The Togo electrification roadmap divides into short, medium and long-term

horizons

Grid – new locations

Private investment

2018-2020

Demonstration

2021-2025

Acceleration

2026-2030

Consolidation

Electrification at period end ~50% ~75% ~100%


Co

nn

ec

tio

ns

(00

0, n

ot

cu

mu

lati

ve

)

Grid – already electrified

locations

Mini-grids

Solar kits

Fin

an

ce

req

uir

em

en

t

(CF

A b

n)

Public investment


and indirect support

40 120 110

80 150 170

10 20 25

100 220 235

79 171 188

81 178 186

20 43 49

51

The review of Togo’s Renewable Energy Act indicates positive features but

other points still need clarification

Main points in the current review of Togo’s Renewable Energy Act

SOURCE: Framework bill for the promotion of power generation from renewable energies (2018)

▪ Identification of institution responsible for equipment compliance with

national quality standards (art. 45)

Main advances

in the law

▪ Exemption from tax and duty on the import/purchase of renewable energy

equipment for domestic use, research and small companies (art. 15-16)

▪ Offsetting allowed for renewable energy generation costs (art. 26)

▪ AT2ER not mentioned in the Act and a technical committee (COTIPER) has

been created with a mandate that is similar at certain points (art. 10)

▪ Need/No need to connect renewable energy systems to the national grid (art.

7 & art. 29)

▪ No exclusivity specified for the different types of non-grid solutions

(especially concerning grid arrival by a given date)

Areas requiring

additional

regulation

▪ Conditions under which offset is permitted (art. 17)

▪ Criteria for the granting of permits, licenses and incentives to industry

Areas in the law

to be

addressed/

clarified

52

Three key areas need to be addressed to strengthen the institutional

framework of AT2ER

80

5947

AT2ER

by 20201

Uganda Tanzania2

1 AT2ER recruitment program 2 Based on 2018 financing - ~CFA 290 M budget of which ~CFA 100 M from CEET, ~CFA 30 M from Government and rest from subsidies - CEET

contribution included under Fees for the moment

55%

Uganda

88%

44%

88%

12%

Tanzania

12%

AT2ER2

SOURCE: Presidential Decree creating AT2ER, press

▪ Following CEET/AT2ER mandate

clarification in March 18, additional

details are needed for:

– Schedule for the ordering of

CEET’s current rural

electrification projects

– Retrocession methods for

future projects managed by

AT2ER and leading to connection

to the grid

▪ Detailed operating budget based

on identified needs

Clarification of AT2ER mandate

details

Employees per rural electrification

agency (# FTEs)

▪ Acceleration of recruitment

program to be on target by 2019

instead of 2020

▪ Potential increase in capacity in

terms of number (47 FTEs vs 80 in

Uganda) and talent (e.g. shortfall in

geospatial resources)

– Training/skills transfer

programs to upgrade teams

Acceleration of recruitment program

Current sources of finance by rural

electrification agency (%)

▪ Reduction in the heavy

dependence on outside financing

(~55% vs 12% in Tanzania and

Uganda)

▪ CEET contribution defined by a set

grid or a set equalization method

Diversification of sources of finance

External financingInternal resources

53

Monitoring of strategy execution must be ensured through reporting to the

highest level and close coordination with all the stakeholders


Energy Ministry

▪ Owner of the electrification strategy and

responsible for its effective implementation

AT2ER

▪ Responsible for rural electrification projects at the day to

day level and for coordination with stakeholders (e.g.

private sector, development partners)

President of the Republic

▪ Presidential decision

Interministerial committee

▪ Representatives from Energy, Finance, Plan, Territorial

Administration, Digital Economy, Basic Development,

Agriculture, Planning, Trade

▪ Ensures proper coordination of strategy implementation and

the alignment of all public sector stakeholders

PROPOSED SYSTEM FOR STRATEGY EXECUTION MONITORING

Execution

Implementation

Coordination

CEET

▪ Coordination with AT2ER

over rural electrification

projects

5454

Table of contents


Current situation


Roadmap

Annexes

5555

Private

▪ Operations for which the private sector

alone is responsible as arranger of the

finance required

▪ Electricity prices reflect operating and

financing costs plus a margin for the investor

However, to make the solar mini-grid model viable, PPP support for Togo

could help bring down costs to the consumer

Business models considered

Public

▪ Operations for which the Government alone

is responsible as plant owner

▪ Finance arranged by the Government through

its own funds or concessional financing

Public/private

partnership

▪ Construction and operation handled by the

private sector

▪ Government support with the regulatory

environment, access to finance, pre-

development and initial investment

Relevance to Togo

▪ The private sector cannot

effectively deploy mini-grids if

the viability gap is too great

▪ Limited given the financial and

technical constraints (see

‘operating model’ section)

▪ Partnership creating an

environment attractive to the

private sector that also takes

account of consumers’ ability to

pay


MINI-GRIDS

5656

Private Community

3 different mini-grid operating models that vary depending on the types and

roles of the stakeholders involved

SOURCE: Mini-Grid Policy Toolkit: Policy and Business Frameworks for Successful Mini-grid Roll-outs (EUEI, Inensus, GIZ, 2014)

3 types of operating model

Public

(national company)

The above models can be combined along the value chain (e.g. private sector handles pre-

development, construction and maintenance, while the national company handles revenue

collection)

1 Generally with the support of and/or coordinating with an NGO/private company

Community is responsible for

generation and distribution

within a regulated

environment1

Private sector is responsible

for everything within a

regulated environment

Government or State-owned

entity responsible for

electricity manages all

aspects of mini-grids

MINI-GRIDS

5757

Given Togo’s limited experience with mini-grids, the private sector is

particularly suited to handling all phases of installation projects, thanks to its

expertise and operating knowhow

SOURCE: discussions, team analysis

1 ’Public’ means CEET, which has limited experience in mini-grid management. Assumes private sector firm selected by competitive tender requiring previous experience in mini-grid

construction/management

Skills required at each phase of the mini-grid projectPublic1 Commu

nity

Private

sector

proven skill partial skill

Technological expertise in system construction

Operating knowhow (management and monitoring of all constructors

working at the same time)

Local expertise in estimating demand

Business knowhow in finance and management discussions with

stakeholders

Technical expertise in system selection

Technical skills (e.g. component replacement, simple repairs)

Financial capacity (e.g. short-term operations)

Relations with local communities (e.g. to collect payment,

disagreements during negotiations)

Local expertise in social and environmental impact studies

Ability to stimulate additional demand

Construction

Project pre-

development

Maintenance

Operation &

payment

collection

MINI-GRIDS

5858

Market segmentation, based on current demand by service level is between

~12 and 59% of the population at level 1

59

12

59

41

24

41

88

41

59

76

Level 1 Level 2

Rural household

demand is level 2

on average but

around 1/3 of

households did

not exceed level

1 in 2017

Maritime

Centrale

Plateaux

Kara

Savanes

Breakdown by level of

consumption, %Region

Daily consumption1,

Wh, 2017

479

372

459

582

348

SOURCE: Investigation of rural household consumption (INSEED, 2014), ORDER 019-MME-MEF-MPRPDAT-MCPSP of 26-11-10, team analyses

1 estimation of daily consumption for an electrified household

5959

The geospatial model for Togo electrification was developed in six main

steps

Estimated

residential

demandNon-electrified

household

characteristics

Generation

potential

Best

technology for

each location

Addition of

productive to

residential

demand1

2

3

4

5Test of different

scenarios

6

Project

demand for

each

household to

2030

Project

demographic

changes to

2030

Estimate costs

of installing

each

technology per

location

Define level of

consumption

by type of

household

Identify

generation

sources and

relevant

capacities

Identify non-

electrified

households

Select

cheapest

technology for

each location

Identify types

of location

(urban/rural)

Identify

productive

usages

Map and

estimate

demand for

each usage

Vary certain

key

assumptions

to test their

impact on

proposed

solutions

6060

Project Cizo participants must meet key targets and report to the Government

on specified priorities

1 Estimate based on Project Cizo feasibility study

2 Feasibility to be determined

Project Cizo - operating methods

▪ Meeting of performance

standards i.e.

– Lighting Global standards

– Life of system

– Response time for repairs

– Consumer to purchase

better kits

– Machine to machine

connectivity

▪ Connection target for the

most vulnerable

populations1

▪ Reporting on connections

completed, payment level

and supplementary data

SOURCE: Presidential Decree on the operation of AT2ER, team analysis

DOMESTIC SOLAR KITS

▪ Operating support

(e.g. technician

training)

▪ RBF for lowest level

(level 1) consumers2

▪ Credit lines available

to the operator and

consumers

1

2

3

1 Technical assistance and indirect support 2 Financial instruments 3 Public investment

61

Short-term financing would cover most of the 2018-2020 requirement and

~15% of the total to 2030

SOURCE: Meetings, team analysis

Short-term finance requirement (2018-

2020), (CFA bn)

Grid

Mini-grids

Solar kits

Public

Private

TA1

1 Technical assistance 2 Remaining funds could be reallocated, e.g. to the private financing of solar kits

3 CEB loan not taken into account (less likely to be obtained) 4 Requirement linked to part covered by grid user payments over life cycle of project (20 years)

Public

Private

TA1

Public

Private

TA1

62

114

2

5

14

2

14

53

5

Finance potentially available and

potential allocation, (CFA bn3)

18

20

21

2

3

21

6

2

4

Shortfall, (CFA bn)

9

-92

-

1

-72

-

11

32

-1

Total ~168 ~132 ~36

ESTIMATE, FINANCE NOT CONFIRMED

0.4

i.e. ~14% of

total to 2030

1520

6262

Grid expansion model remains in line with historic operation plus identified

supplementary needs

Operating

model

Financing

Model consistent with current situation…

Financing of grid extension projects

by source

(CFA bn) 2013-2016

2%

CEET

~65

Financial backers

98%

… and identified supplementary needs

SOURCE: CEET, team analyses

▪ Additional maintenance needed on the

grid

– Loss of operating efficiency

observed (+17% incidents on the MT

grid 2014-2016)

▪ Financing of grid expansion projects

mainly via external investors

▪ Need to increase self-financing

capacity for future projects

▪ External finance dependent on results

to ensure extension work is efficient

– for households in already electrified

locations that need to be connected

– for locations to be electrified via the

grid

▪ CEET mandate for urban zones

includes

– expansion works

– plant management and

maintenance

– Calls for tender to outsource some

contracts to private operators

GRID EXTENSION

6363

The electrification program would create up to ~6300 direct

jobs

Total3Grid SHSMG

~3000

technicians

and trainers

(Cizo project)

~180

~3000

~390

~2160

~2340

~980

~50

~540

~3390

~2700

~6300

~230

# jobs created per technology to 2030 (Full Time Equivalents - FTEs)

SOURCE: IRENA, Greepeace, IDC, IEA

PermanentTemporary

~7~20 ~5

# FTEs / MW1 # FTEs / 10K kits2

1 Benchmark based on Algeria, South Africa, Egypt and the Brighter Africa Report (McKinsey)

2 Benchmark (Mobisol, BBOXX, PEG Africa)

3 Total range depends on results per scenario (1 and 2)

▪ Direct jobs considered only:

– Temporary jobs to

construct plant and

distribution lines

– Permanent grid and mini-

grid operation &

maintenance jobs; sales

agents and head office jobs

(kits)

▪ Indirect jobs and upstream

equipment manufacturing

jobs not included

ESTIMATES

6464SOURCE: Togo laws on financing 2010-16, Court of Auditors reports 2010-2016, team analysis

Finance: the IMF does not expect public investment in energy to rise

materially by 2022

280 224-283

4%

380

3%

33%

5%

32%

0%

6%3%

19%

3%

10%

7%

13%

9%

15

4%

50%

14

231

7%

60%

16

2%

9%

44%

2019-202213

227

37%

6%

1%

11

6%

20%

213

37%

0%

3%

12

5%5%

5%

0%

45%

7%

21%

226

37%

53%

32%

2010

208

12%

0%41%

Public investment 2010-2022 according to the IMF, (CFA bn)

Agriculture and animal

husbandryMining and energy Infrastructure and transport TeachingHealthOther

NOTE: Since IMF and Court of Auditors figures differ slightly, Court of Auditors figures have been multiplied by a factor for smoothing purposes

Annual investment

in mining and

energy is 3% of

projected

investment or ~CFA

7-8 bn p.a.

BACK-UP

Documents

Togo electrification strategy - Lighting GlobalIntroduction of non-grid solution Private sector involved in electrification Mobilization of the additional financing needed for scaling