Tony Myhra - (800)346-7237

www.cryotech.com

NAAC/CMA DVD Available

Deicing Chemicals Available

• Sodium chloride• Magnesium chloride• Calcium chloride• Potassium chloride• Combinations of all of the above• Some with inhibitors packages• Calcium magnesium acetate (CMA)• Potassium acetate (CF7)• Anhydrous sodium acetate (NAAC)

Sodium ChlorideNaCl

• Working temperature - + 20°F (-7°C) • Eutectic temperature - -6°F (-21°C)• Granular - Solid crystal in form• Can be liquefied to a 23% solution• Rate of application – 200-500#/LM• Can be mixed with abrasives• Most common deicer

Magnesium ChlorideMgCl2

• Working temperature - + 5°F (-15°C) • Eutectic temperature - -28°F (-33°C)• Granular – hydroscopic• Liquid to a 25% - 35% solution • Rate of liquid application – 15-35 GAL/LM• Deice – anti ice - prewet • Aggressive corrosion • Requires periodic agitation weekly or

daily

Calcium ChlorideCaCl2

• Working temperature - -25°F (-31°C) • Eutectic temperature - -51°F (-45°C)• Pellet, flake, granular - hydroscopic • Liquid to a 25% - 35% solution• Rate of liquid application– 15-25 GAL/LM• Deice – anti-ice – pre wet• Requires daily agitation• Aggressive Corrosion• Hard on leather shoes and gloves

Potassium ChlorideKCl

• Working temperature - +25°F (-4°C) • Eutectic temperature - +5°F (-15°C)• Solid crystal in form• Rate slightly higher than NaCl• Deicer– mostly commercial use

Calcium Magnesium Acetate (CMA)

• Working temperature - + 20°F (-7°C) • Eutectic temperature - -18°F (-28°C)• Pelleted - Liquid to a 25% - 30% sol • Rate of liquid application – anti-icing-15-

25 GAL/LM –Deice – 25-60 GAL/LM (.5-1 gallon/1000 Ft²)• Rate dry – 200-400# LANE MILE

(10-25#/1000 FT²)• Deice – Anti-ice – Pre wet sensitive areas• Agitation of liquid prior to loading • Contains no chlorides• Safest deicer for new concrete

CMA 40

• Working temperature - + 20°F (-7°C) • Eutectic temperature - -8°F (-22°C)• 40% CMA – 60% Sodium Chloride• Spread – Same as rock salt - 200# - 500#

LANE MILE • Used to prevent spalling • Used only where there is no steel in

reinforced concrete.• Lower cost deicer.

Anhydrous Sodium Acetate (NAAC)

• Working temperature - + 0°F (-18°C) • Eutectic temperature - -8°F (-22°C)• Pelleted only • Spread – 200# - 500# LANE MILE • 7-20# per 1000 Ft² • Deicer – contains no chloride • Used in salt sensitive areas – airport

runways, bridges, parking garages, doorways, sidewalks, etc.

Potassium Acetate Based (KAC) CF7

• Working temperature - -26°F (-32°C) • Eutectic temperature - -76°F (-60°C)• Liquid – 50% solution • Rate of liquid application – 15-3O GAL/LM• .5 to 1 gallon per 1000 Ft². • Deice – anti-ice – pre wet • No agitation – indefinite storage life• Contains no chloride• Ideal for Fixed Anti-icing Spray

Technology (FAST)

Hidden Costs of Deicing

• Cost of salt

– Purchase price– Storage– Labor– Equipment

• Corrosion to structures and vehicles

• Cost of sand

– Purchase price– Storage– Labor – Equipment

• Clean up• Lawsuits

Other Hidden Costs

• Cost to public if we don’t deice.

– Accidents– Delays– Lost business– Lost production

• Environmental concerns

– Water quality• Chlorides• Damage to

vegetation and soils

– Air quality• PM10• Sand siltration

Federal Highway Administration

Search for chloride salt alternatives

• Environment

• Performance

• Low Corrosion

CMA, NAAC & CF7

The Problem Solvers

Acetate Ion

• Chemical formula…CH3COO-

• Low corrosion

• Low toxicity

• Biodegradable

• Long lasting effect

Raw Material for Acetates

Acetic Acid

– Acetate ion

– Found in vinegar

– pH changed when reacted base materials

– Biodegradable

Calcium Magnesium Acetate

Dolomitic lime + acetic acid

yields

Ca3Mg7(C2H3O2)20

Calcium Magnesium Acetate

• Since 1979

• Environmentally safe

• Low corrosion

• Safe for concrete

• Effective performance

Residual effect Stores well Biodegradable Low toxicity Costs more to make!

Cryotech NAACSolid Runway Deicer

97% Anhydrous Sodium Acetate+ <1% corrosion inhibitors

CH3COO- + Na+

97% Anhydrous Sodium Acetate

• Since 1997

• Environmentally safe

• Low corrosion

• Effective performance

• Approved for airports

Residual effect Stores well Biodegradable Low toxicity Costs more to make!

CF7 Liquid DeicerPotassium Acetate-Based

Acetic Acid + Potassium Hydroxide

yields Potassium Acetate + Water

(plus proprietary corrosion Inhibitors)

HC2H3O2 + KOH => KC2H3O2 + H2O

Problem Solver

• Environment

• Anti-icing and Deicing

• New bridges, Chloride Contaminated bridges

• Sidewalks, Doorways & Parking Structures

• Blending/Inhibitor

• Fixed anti-icing spray technology

(F.A.S.T.)

Understanding Deicers

Must know how to use deicers

Effectively and how they work.

What Is Anti-Icing?

Anti-icing is a snow and ice control measure to prevent a strong bond between frozen precipitation or frost and a pavement surface by timely application of a chemical freezing point depressant. Proactive approach.

Anti-icing Expectations

• Snow more easily removed

• Ice may not form or remain slushy

• Lower chemical usage

• Shoveling, plowing, brooming required

• Lower equipment maintenance costs

What Is De-Icing?

De-icing is an measure where a deicer is applied to the top of an accumulation of snow, ice or frost that is already bonded or formed to the pavement surface. Reactive approach.

Equipment

Using the right equipment

For effective snow & ice control

New Bridges, Parking Garages, Elevated Walkways

CMA/NAAC/CF7 – “The problem solver”

FHWA - CMA Study Conclusions

• Concrete w/o rebar

– Little weight loss or spalling• Concrete with rebar

– No damage

– 4 Year study• Non-metallics

– Little affect

CMA – “The problem solver”

Costs of Using Chloride Based Deicers

• Cost of new construction - $20,000-$24,000/Space

• Cost to repair chloride damage $3000-$4000/space

• Cost of lost revenue while out of service?• Cost of inconvenience to customers.• Cost of demolition• Cost of liability and insurability• Can’t afford chloride deicers damage from

$50/space of salt over a 20 year period

CMA Effect on Chloride Contaminated Concrete

• The Danish corrosion centre, 1990

“CMA…seems to delay the onset of corrosion.”

• BP research centre, 1989

“Changing…to acetate deicer decreases the corrosion rate of steel…by more than a factor of ten.”

Corrosion Retardation

Effect of Deicers on ConcreteSpalling of Non Air-Entrained Structural Concrete

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00

Water

CMA

Ethylene Glycol

Urea

Calcium Chloride

Sodium Chloride

Concrete Surface Weight Loss (mg/mm^2)

Dept of Transport, UK, 1993

Concrete Spalling

Acetate Deicers Summary of Options

• Direct application

• With chloride deicers

• With sand

• Liquid deicer

• Liquid anti-icer

• Liquid pre wetter

Cargill SafeLane™ Polymer Overlay – Product Profile

Existing substrate

SafeLane Surface

3/8” Thickness4 lbs./ft2

SafeLane can be installed on concrete, asphalt, FRP, steel or woodConcrete – 12.5 lbs/sf per inch; Asphalt – 14 lbs/sf per inch

37

Deicing Chemicals Review

• Sodium chloride• Magnesium chloride• Calcium chloride• Potassium chloride• Combinations of all of the above• Some with inhibitors packages• Calcium magnesium acetate (CMA)• Potassium acetate (CF7)• Anhydrous sodium acetate (NAAC)

Calcium Magnesium Acetate (CMA)

• Working temperature - + 20°F (-7°C) • Eutectic temperature - -18°F (-28°C)• Pelleted - Liquid to a 25% - 30% sol • Rate of liquid application – anti-icing-15-

25 GAL/LM – Deice – 25-60 GAL/LM• Rate dry – 200-400# Lane Mile

(10-25#/1000 Ft²)• Deice – Anti-ice – Pre wet sensitive areas• Agitation of liquid prior to loading liquid.• Contains no chlorides• Safest deicer for new concrete

CMA 40

• Working temperature - + 20°F (-7°C) • Eutectic temperature - -8°F (-22°C)• 40% CMA – 60% Sodium Chloride• Spread – 200#-500# LANE MILE (10-

25#/1000 Ft²)• Used to prevent spalling • Used only where there is no steel in

reinforced concrete.• Lower cost deicer.

Anhydrous Sodium Acetate (NAAC)

• Working temperature - + 0°F (-18°C) • Eutectic temperature - -8°F (-22°C)• Pelleted only • Spread – 200#-500#/Lane Mile

(7-20#/1000 Ft²)• Deicer – contains no chloride • Used in salt sensitive areas – airport

runways, bridges, parking garages, doorways, sidewalks, etc.

Potassium Acetate Based (KAC) CF7

• Working temperature - -26°F (-32°C) • Eutectic temperature - -76°F (-60°C)• Liquid – 50% solution • Rate of liquid application – 15-3O GAL/LM .5 – 1 gallon per 1000 Ft²• Deice – anti-ice – pre wet • No agitation – indefinite storage life• Contains no chloride• Ideal for Fixed Anti-icing Spray

Technology (FAST)

Potassium Acetate Based (KAC) CF7

• Working temperature - -26°F (-32°C) • Eutectic temperature - -76°F (-60°C)• Liquid – 50% solution • Rate of liquid application – 15-3O GAL/LM .5 – 1 gallon per 1000 Ft²• Deice – anti-ice – pre wet • No agitation – indefinite storage life• Contains no chloride• Ideal for Fixed Anti-icing Spray

Technology (FAST)

Acetate DeicersSummary of Options

• Direct application

• With chloride deicers

• With sand

• Liquid deicer

• Liquid anti-icer

• Liquid pre wetter

Options for Parking Garage Longevity

• Good Design• Good Construction Materials• Good Drainage• Good Sealers/Membranes -

Waterproofing• Continuous Maintenance Practices • Avoid Chloride Deicers• Use Non-Chloride Deicers like NAAC, CMA

& CF7

Questions?

Tony Myhra - (800)346-7237

www.cryotech.com

NAAC/CMA DVD Available