Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Top Ten Mysteries of the UniverseTop Ten Mysteries of the Universe
Who wants to be a millionaire?
Who wants to be a Who wants to be a
Septillionaire?Septillionaire?
(10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 p)(10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 p)
The LeptonsLight and electrifying …
The quarksStrong and colourful …
Rolf LanduaCERN
Contestants
Quiz master
What is CERN?What is CERN?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 10
CC Conseil Européen pour laRecherche Nucléaire
DD Center for European Research Nerds
BB Centre Eternel pour laRecherche Non-appliquée
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 10 CERN
What does C.E.R.N. stand for?
AA Central European Radiation Network
CC Improve the WWW
DD Thermonuclear warfare
AA Improve nuclear reactors
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 10 CERN
What are the goals of CERN research?
BB Study matter, fields andThe origin of the Universe
Large Hadron Large Hadron ColliderCollider
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 9
CC A herd of 1000 elephants at 30 m/s
DD About 3 µg of antimatter
AA A hit with a sledgehammer
The ‘Large Hadron Collider’ accelerates 3·1014 protons (~0.5 ng, small grain of dust) to 99.99999999 % of the speed of light.
What does the energy of the protonbeams correspond to:
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 9 LHC
BBA frontal collision of two cars at 100 km/h
CC We would observe his lifespan to be ~ 500,000 yrs
DD He may suffocate beforereaching this age
AA His hair would contract to0.05 mm length
BB He would have the same energy as 500 tons of matter
What would happen to this theoretical physicist if he circulated in the LHC machine with 99.9999999% of the speed of light?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 9 LHC
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 9 LHC
CERN in 3 minutesCERN in 3 minutes
QuickTime™ and aH.264 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
ParticlesParticles
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 8
uu
uudd
CC Electrons and Quarks
DD Protons and Neutrons
AA Molecules
BB Atoms
What are the smallest building blocks of matter?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 8 - Particles
CC 92
DD 240
AA 4
BB 12
How many different types of matter particles exist?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 8 Particles
CC God knows
DD A throw of the dice during the Big Bang
AA We don’t know
BB Stephen Hawking knows
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 8 Particles
Why are there so many types ofmatter particles?
ForcesForces
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 7
CC Yes, 1036 times
DD No, gravitation is stronger
AA Yes, 100 (102) times
BB Yes, 100 million (108) times
Is the electromagnetic force stronger than gravitation?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 7 - Forces
CC 1036 times
DD Gravitation is stronger
AA 100 (102) times
BB 100 million (108) times
BUT MATTER IN THE UNIVERSE IS NEUTRAL, because positive and negative charges cancel each other precisely.
THEREFORE:Gravitation is the dominant force in the Universe
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 7 - Forces
The Big BangThe Big Bang
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 6
CC 13.7 billion years
DD It has been going on for ever
AA 5,800 years
BB 4.55 billion years
How old is the Universe?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 6 Big Bang
CC All elementary particles
DD Cosmic Rays
AA The Earth
BB The stars
What did the Big Bang produce during its first few minutes?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 6 Big Bang
AntimatterAntimatter
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 5
CC Opposite mass, same charge
DD Opposite mass, opposite charge
AA Same mass, same charge
BB Same mass, opposite charge
Every particle has an ‘anti-particle’. Compared to the particle, the anti-particle has:
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 5 Antimatter
Electron and Positron
CC Starship ‘Enterprise’
DD Particle accelerators
AA Under the Vatican
BB Andromeda Galaxy
Where is the largest concentration of antimatter in the known Universe?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 5 Antimatter
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 5 Antimatter
The disappearance of antimatter in the UniverseThe disappearance of antimatter in the Universe
QuickTime™ and aMPEG-4 Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Blue = Matter particles; Red = Antimatter particlesBlue = Matter particles; Red = Antimatter particlesTime scale during Big Bang < 0.000 001 secTime scale during Big Bang < 0.000 001 sec
Space and TimeSpace and Time
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 4
CC 4
DD 3 big ones, 6 small ones
AA 2 (the Earth is flat!)
BB 3
How many dimensions has space?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 4 Space and Time
CC It makes time go faster
DD It makes time go slower
AA It bends it like a rubber sheet
BB It blows it up like a balloon
How does the presence of matter change space and time?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 4 Space and Time
Black HolesBlack Holes
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 3
CC By spending too much money
DD By collisions in the LHC
AA By antimatter
BB In the collapse of a massivestar
How is a black hole formed?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 3 Black Holes
CC Gravity rips him apart
DD Nothing
AA He never arrives
BB He becomes flat as apancake
What happens to John when he falls into a black hole?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 3 Black Holes
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
Black Holes and Vampire StarsBlack Holes and Vampire Stars
3 Black Holes
QuickTime™ and aMPEG-4 Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Dark MatterDark Matter
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 2
CC My missing socks must havegone somewhere
DD My theory predicts it
AA We don’t know for sure
BB By looking through bigtelescopes
How do we know that Dark Matter must exist?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 2 Dark Matter
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 2 Dark Matter
How do we know about “dark matter”How do we know about “dark matter”
QuickTime™ and aDV - PAL decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
CC Planets beyond the solarsystem
AA Black Holes
What is dark matter made of?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 2 Dark Matter
BB Weakly InteractingMassive Particles
DD Neutrinos
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 2 Dark Matter
How could we detect ‘dark matter’ ?How could we detect ‘dark matter’ ?
QuickTime™ and aDV - PAL decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
THE MYSTERIES SO FAR …
1010 What does What does CERN CERN do?do?
99 What does theWhat does the Large Hadron Collider Large Hadron Collider do?do?
88 Why so many Why so many particlesparticles??
77 Why are the strengths of Why are the strengths of forcesforces so so different?different?
66 What happened in the What happened in the Big Big BangBang??
55 Where is the Where is the AntimatterAntimatter??
44 How many dimensions of How many dimensions of SpaceSpace??
33 What happens in a What happens in a Black Black HoleHole??
22 What is What is Dark MatterDark Matter ? ?
And the Top Mystery is ….And the Top Mystery is ….
The recipe for The recipe for the Universethe Universe
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE No. 1
CC A mysterious type of energy
DD Sex, Drugs and Rock’n Roll
AA Quarks and electrons
BB Dark matter
What is the Universe made of?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 1 Dark Energy1 Dark Energy
CC From observing the cosmicbackground radiation
DD Einstein predicted it
AA From observing distantexploding stars
BB From observing the TV
How do we know about “dark energy” ?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 1 Dark Energy1 Dark Energy
CC Everything will fall intoBlack Holes
DD ‘World of Warcraft’ becomescore subject in syllabus
AA It will expand faster and faster
BB It will collapse in the Big Crunch
How will the Universe end?
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE 1 Dark Energy1 Dark Energy
TOP 10 MYSTERIES OF THE EARLY UNIVERSE
… … and the and the 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 proton10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 proton
award goes to …award goes to …
