Topic 5 Acids in Action. Topic 5.1 Acids in Action What does the pH scale measure? What pH numbers refer to acids? What pH numbers refer to alkalis? What

Topic 5

Acids in Action

Topic 5.1 Acids in Action

• What does the pH scale measure?• What pH numbers refer to acids?• What pH numbers refer to alkalis?• What is the pH number for a neutral

solution?


• What colour does the pH paper turn with a strong acid?

• What colour does the pH paper turn with a weak acid?

• What colour does the pH paper turn with a strong alkali?

• What colour does the pH paper turn with a neutral solution?


• What happens to the pH number when an acid is diluted?

• What happens to the pH when an alkali is diluted?

• What pH is the limit for dilution of either an acid or alkali?


• What are ….• three common acids found in the

household?• three common alkalis found in the

household?• three common neutral solutions

found in the household?

Topic 5.1 Ext Acids in Action

What is the formula for ...• hydrochloric acid?• nitric acid?• sulphuric acid• phosphoric acid?• carbonic acid?

LEARN THESE FORMULAE………….


• Can acids conduct electricity?• What kind of bonding do acids have?• What ion is common to all acids?• Is this ion positive or negative?• What ions are present in hydrochloric

acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid?


• Acids have a higher concentration of which ion?

• Alkalis have a higher concentration of which ion?

• Diluting an acid reduces the number of which ions?


• How is an acid made?• How is an alkali made?• What condition/property is needed to

make an alkali?• What type of oxides do not form alkalis?• What pH do these oxides give?• What ion is common to all alkalis?


What is the formula for ...• sodium hydroxide?• calcium hydroxide?• potassium hydroxide

LEARN THESE FORMULAE………….


• What substance, present in fuels contributes to acid rain?

• What is the gas produced called that causes acid rain?

• What does acid rain do to the environment?


• What is the name of the process that can split up an acid back into its elements?

• What element forms at the negative electrode?

• What happens at the negative electrode to produce this element from its ion?

• What is this reaction called? +

+

+

+

-

---

+ -

-

+

-+

+++-

--


• What is a d.c current and why is it used in electrolysis?

• When hydrochloric acid is electrolysed, what forms at the positive electrode?

• What happens at the positive electrode to produce this element?

• What is this reaction called?


• When sulphuric acid is electrolysed, what forms at the positive electrode?

• What forms at the negative electrode?

• What is this overall reaction called?


• Which metals can react with an acid?• Where in the reactivity series (Data

book pg 7) would you find these metals?• When a metal reacts with an acid what

are the products?

• Write out this general equation and LEARN.


• How could it be proved that hydrogen gas is given off?

• How could the rate of these reactions be increased?

• Why does sulphuric acid react faster than hydrochloric and nitric acid?(CLUE – THINK OF THE FORMULA)


What type of metal salt is formed when…

hydrochloric acid is used?sulphuric acid is used?

nitric acid is used?


• Copy and complete the following and write balanced formulae equations…

1. Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid

2. Iron + Nitric acid

3. Zinc+ Sulphuric acid


Answers1. Magnesium + Hydrochloric Magnesium +

Hydrogen acid chlorideMg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2

2. Iron + Nitric acid Iron nitrate + hydrogen

Fe + 2HNO3 Fe(NO3) 2 + H2

3. Zinc+ Sulphuric acid Zinc sulphate + HydrogenZn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2


• What is the name of the reaction when an acid is cancelled by a another substance?

• What is a base?• Name three types of

base?(THINK OF THE REACTIONS YOU HAVE SEEN FROM 5.4)


• What are the products formed when a metal oxide reacts with an acid?

• What are the products formed when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid?

• Write out these general word equations and LEARN THEM.


• What gas is produced when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid?

• Why is an excess of metal carbonate added to the acid?

Residue

Filtrate


• How do you know when the acid has been completely neutralised?

• What will the filtrate contain?

• What compound is found in the residue?

Residue

Filtrate


• What are the products formed when copper carbonate reacts with sulphuric acid?Write the word and balanced formula equation for this reaction…

Copper + Sulphuric carbonate acid


• ANSWER

• Copper + Sulphuric Copper + Water + Carboncarbonate acid sulphate dioxide

CuCO3 + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H20 + CO2


• What are the products formed when copper oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid?Write the word and balanced formula equation for this reaction…

Copper + Hydrochloric oxide acid


• ANSWERS

Copper + Hydrochloric Copper + Water oxide acid chloride

CuO + 2HCl CuCl2 + H20


• What is the name of the reaction when an acid is cancelled by a another substance?

• What is a base?• Name three types of base?

(THINK OF THE REACTIONS YOU HAVE SEEN FROM 5.4)


• Why is a pipette used instead of a measuring cylinder?

• What advantage does a burette have over a pipette?


• What is the name of the technique in which a burette and pipette are used to neutralise an acid?

• Why is an indicator used?• What is the curve in the

acid or alkali called?• Where should this curve be

when filling a pipette accurately?• What is meant by concordant results?


• What is the name of the reaction in which two solutions react to form an insoluble salt?

• How can the insoluble product be separated from the mixture?

• Where is information on insoluble salts found?

• What is meant by spectator ions?


• What is the formula mass and how is it obtained?

• What is the gram formula mass equal to?

• What is concentration?• What are the units used?• TRY CHECKTEST 5.7 OR THE CHEMICAL

CALCULATION BOOKLET FOR PRACTICE.


• What is the equation that relates moles and mass?

• What is the equation that relates volume, concentration and moles?

• TRY CHECKTEST 5.8 OR THE CHEMICAL CALCULATION BOOKLET FOR PRACTICE


• What is the equation used in titrations?

TRY CHECKTEST 5.9 OR THE CHEMICAL CALCULATION BOOKLET FOR PRACTICE

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Topic 5 Acids in Action. Topic 5.1 Acids in Action What does the pH scale measure? What pH numbers refer to acids? What pH numbers refer to alkalis? What