Topic 6: Transferring Energy

Transferring Energy

Thermal energy can be transferred 3 ways:

1) Radiation

2) Conduction

3) Convection

1) RADIATIONTRANSFERS ENERGY

Energy can be transferred even though there are no particles to transfer the energy. This type of energy transfer is called radiation. Radiation is ___________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Energy that is transferred in this way is called ______________________ or electromagnetic radiation (EMR)

Radiant energy travels in ___________. These waves can travel through space, air, glass and many other materials.

There are different forms of EMR, including _____________________ ______________________________________________________

Radiant Energy has 3 characteristics:

1) __________________________________________2) __________________________________________ 3) __________________________________________

Use p. 226 to answer the following questions about radiation.

Energy can be transferred even though there are no particles to transfer the energy. This type of energy transfer is called radiation.

Radiation is energy being transferred without the movement of matter.

Energy that is transferred in this way is called radiant energy or electromagnetic radiation (EMR)

Radiant energy travels in waves. These waves can travel through space, air, glass and many other materials.

There are different forms of EMR, including: radio waves, microwaves, visible light, and X-rays.

Radiant Energy has 3 characteristics:

1) Behaves like waves2) Can be absorbed, reflected or transferred through objects3) Travels across empty space at a very high speed

Conduction means that ______________________________ _______________________________________________

This is the transfer of thermal energy through the __________ collision of __________________.

Most ____________ especially gold and ______________ are excellent heat _________________.

____________ and _______________ are not good at transferring thermal energy. Poor conductors are called _________________.

To insulate something means that it stays ___________ or __________ longer.

2) ConductionUse p. 229 to answer the following questions about conduction.

Thermal conduction is the process of transferring energy through direct collisions.

This is the transfer of thermal energy through the DIRECT collision of PARTICLES.

Most METALS especially gold and COPPER are excellent heat CONDUCTORS.

GLASS and WOOD are not good at transferring thermal energy. Poor conductors are called HEAT INSULATORS.

To insulate something means that it stays WARM or COLD longer.

2) ConductionCONDUCTING ENERGY THROUGH SOLIDS

CONVECTION:ENERGY ON THE MOVE

CONVECTION

Convection is the transferring of energy through ___________.

Fluids are _________________________________________.

In convection, the warm fluid _________ from place to ___________ carrying the _____________ energy with it.

The moving fluid is called a ______________________.

Draw the diagram of the candle on page 230 below. Label all parts.

CONVECTION:ENERGY ON THE MOVE

CONVECTION

Convection is the transferring of energy through FLUIDS.

Fluids are MATERIALS THAT CAN BE POURED OR THAT CAN FLOW FROM PLACE TO PLACE.

In convection, the warm fluid MOVES from place to PLACE carrying the THERMAL energy with it.

The moving fluid is called a CONVECTION CURRENT.

Draw the diagram of the candle on page 230 below. Label all parts.

WHY DO FLUIDS RISE AND SINK AND CREATE CONVECTION CURRENTS?

As each section is warmed the particles spread out so there are fewer than when it was cold, so the warm section is light (less dense) and rises. Colder fluid pushes down and nearby warm fluid is moving up, this creates the flowing movement of a convection current.

conduction

convection

radiation

A volleyball rockets across the net! This fast movement means that there was a ___________ amount of energy.

The energy source was the person’s ___________ that hit it.

The impact of their _________ on the ball transferred energy to the _________.

Not ALL the ____________ from their fist was transferred to the __________.

After the shot was made the person’s _________ feels warmer.

The part of the ball that was hit also ___________ up. When the ball hit the floor the _________ warmed up a bit more. The spot on the ________ where the ball landed _________ up a bit too.

A volleyball rockets across the net! This fast movement means that there was a LARGE amount of energy.

The energy source was the person’s FIST that hit it.

The impact of their FIST on the ball transferred energy to the BALL.

Not ALL the ENERGY from their fist was transferred to the BALL.

After the shot was made the person’s FIST feels warmer.

The part of the ball that was hit also WARMED up. When the ball hit the floor the BALL warmed up a bit more. The spot on the FLOOR where the ball landed WARMED up a bit too.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Look at each letter in the diagram below. Explain in the table what is happening

Text pg. 232 Fig 3.26 (volleyball)

A The moving fist (energy source) has a large amount of energy.

BMost of the energy is transferred to the entire volleyball, which moves away rapidly.

CSome energy is transferred to individual particles in the skin and the volleyball, which vibrate more rapidly, producing a temperature increase.

DEnergy is transferred from the ball to the floor. Particles that make up the floor vibrate more rapidly, producing a temperature increase.

E Energy is transferred by conduction to nearby particles in the floor.

F Convection currents transfer energy through the air.

GEnergy is also transferred to air particles by compressing them and starting a sound wave. The sound wave distributes this energy throughout.

Look at each letter in the diagram below. Explain in the table what is happening

Text pg. 232 Fig 3.26 (volleyball)

Text pg. 232 Fig 3.26 (volleyball)

ALL ENERGY TRANSFER SYSTEMS HAVE THESE 5 THINGS IN COMMON. DESCRIBE EACH. (Use p. 232 & 233)

1. ENERGY SOURCE-

2. DIRECTION OF ENERGY TRANSFER-

3. TRANSFORMATIONS-

4. WASTE HEAT-

5. CONTROL SYSTEMS-

Features of Energy Transfer Systems:

1. Energy Source· supplies energy to the rest of the system

2. Direction of Energy Transfer· always transfered away from concentrated sources

3. Transformation· energy does not keep the same form as it is transfered from place to place.

4. Waste Heat· all energy systems transfer at least a little thermal energy into the surroundings

5. Control Systems· adjust energy transfers· e.g. thermostat control