TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals. Classifying the Elements metals 2/3 (75%) of elements are metals...
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TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals. Classifying the Elements metals 2/3 (75%) of elements are metals non-metalsmetalloids Remaining elements: non-metals & metalloids
Classifying the Elements metals 2/3 (75%) of elements are
metals non-metalsmetalloids Remaining elements: non-metals &
metalloids (semi-metals) Metalloids: some properties of metals
& some properties of nonmetals Staircase: Staircase: dividing
line between metals & nonmetals elements to left are metals
(except H) elements to right are non-metals
Slide 3
Slide 4
Most elements are solid at room temperature Some nonmetals are
gases All the noble gases, of course Some diatomics (H 2 N 2 O 2 F
2 Cl 2 ) There are only 2 Liquids at STP (room temp) Br 2
(non-metal) and Hg (metal)
Slide 5
Properties of Metals Malleable flattened into sheets Ductile
drawn into wires & tubes have Luster Good Conductors of heat
& electricity Solid at room temperature (except Hg) Metals are
losersMetals lose electrons & form positive ions Metals are
losers Most reactive metal is Fr Most reactive family is Alkali
Metals
Slide 6
Sometals dont want electrons, they want to get rid of them
Slide 7
Metals also have Low electronegativity (low attraction for
electrons) Low ionization energy (doesnt take a lot of energy to
remove an electron)
Slide 8
Decreased Electronegativity Decreased Ionization energy
Slide 9
Properties of Nonmetals generally gases or solids (except Br 2
) solids are Brittle solids are Dull poor conductors of heat &
electricity Nonmetals are winnersNonmetals gain electrons &
form negative ions Nonmetals are winners Most reactive nonmetal is
FMost reactive nonmetal is F Properties: OPPOSITE of metals
Slide 10
Sononmetals love electrons, they want to take electrons
Slide 11
Nonmetals also have high electronegativity (high attraction for
electrons) high ionization energy (takes a lot of energy to remove
an electron)
Slide 12
Increased Electronegativity Increased Ionization energy
Slide 13
Properties of Metalloids 7 metalloids: 5 on right of staircase:
B,Si,As,Te,At 2 on left of staircase: Ge,Sb Each metalloid has some
metallic and some nonmetallic properties Example:Si shiny like
metal but brittle like nonmetal Metalloids are elements touching
the stairs (except Al) and have some properties of metals and some
of nonmetals
Slide 14
Size of the Atom (Atomic Radius)
Slide 15
previousprevious | index | nextindexnext Li: Group 1 Period 2
Cs: Group 1 Period 6 Cs has more energy levels, so its bigger
Slide 16
Atomic Radius Gets Bigger
Slide 17
previousprevious | index | nextindexnext How about as you go
across?!
Slide 18
as go across row size tends to decrease a bit because of
greater PPP proton pulling power previousprevious | index |
nextindexnext