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TOPICAL FLUORIDES
Dr. Shahzadi Tayyaba Hashmi
DNT 353
Topical Fluorides DEFINITION• Topical fluoride therapy refers to the use of
systems containing relatively large concentrations of fluoride that are applied locally or topically to erupted tooth surfaces to prevent the formation of dental caries
ClassificationA. Operator administered:1. Fluoride solutionso Sodium fluoride 2 %o Stannous fluoride 8%2. Fluoride gelso Acidulated phosphate fluoride ( APF)3. Fluoride varnishes
B. Self administered:• Fluoride dentifrices• Sodium fluoride• Fluoride mouth rinses
OPERATOR ADMINISTERE
D
Methods of Application
1.Fluoride solutions:
Method of application of sodium fluoride in a dental clinic:
1) Initially, cleaning and polishing of the teeth is done2) An upper and lower quadrants are isolated with cotton rolls3) Teeth are dried thoroughly4) 2% NaF is applied with cotton applicators and is permitted
to dry in the teeth for about 4 minutes5) Procedure is repeated for the remaining quadrants6) After completion, patient is instructed to avoid eating,
drinking or rinsing for 30 minutes7) Second, third and fourth applications are done at weekly
intervals
Recommended Ages• Full series of four treatment is recommended at ages 3, 7, 11, 13
Advantages:• Accepted taste• Stable if stored in a plastic container
Disadvantages:• Four visits relatively at short period of time
Fluoride application in a dental clinic
Methods of application2. Fluoride varnishes:Two most commonly used fluoride varnishes are• Duraphat ( NaF varnish)• Fluorprotector ( Silane fluoride)Method of application of fluoride varnishes In dental clinic:1. Oral prophylaxis2. Teeth are dried3. Teeth are not isolated with cotton rolls as varnish has a tendency to
stick to cotton4. The application is done first on lower arch as saliva collects more
rapidly around it, and then on upper arch5. Application of varnish is done with single tufted small brush6. After application, patient is made to sit with mouth open for 4 minutes7. Patient is instructed not to rinse or drink anything at all for one hour
and not to eat anything solids8. Patient can take liquids and semi solids only till next morning
SELF ADMINISTERED
Dentifrices
Definition:• Dentifrice is defined as a substance used with a
toothbrush for the purpose of cleaning the accessible surfaces of the teeth
Availability:• Dentifrices are available as tooth powders,
toothpastes, liquids and gels• They are either cosmetic or therapeutic
Dentifrice ingredients
1. Abrasives ( 20-40%)2. Water (20-40%)3. Humectants (20-40%)4. Foaming agent ( 1-2%)5. Binding agent ( 2%)6. Flavoring agent (2%)7. Sweetening agent (2%)8. Therapeutic agent (2%)9. Coloring agent or preservatives (1%)
Dentifrice IngredientsAbrasives:• Calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate were the most
common abrasives used• Abrasives dull the tooth surface, so to compensate for this,
polishing agents usually added
Humectants:• Are added to maintain the moisture• Sorbitol, mannitol and propylene glycol are the most common
humectants• Maintains the consistency of toothpastes
Flavoring agents:• Provides an immediate taste sensation• Relatively long-lasting flavor
Preservative:• Benzoic acid is used as a preservative to prevent bacterial growth
Fluoride mouth rinses
• Mouth rinsing is a practical and effective means for self-application of fluoride
• Helps in reduction of dental caries and halitosis
Thank you