Town meeting – Helsinki – 17 th September 2007 Overview on EURISOL targets Thierry Stora on behalf of the Target Tasks

Town meeting – Helsinki – 17th September 2007

OverviewOverviewonon

EURISOL targetsEURISOL targets

Thierry Stora on behalf of the Target Tasks

= 0.03 = 0.78

Ionsources

RFQ176 MHz

HWRs176MHz

Elliptical ISCL704 MHz

1 GeV/q

H-, H+, 3He++

1.5 MeV/u

100 keV

60 MeV/q 140 MeV/q

>200 MeV/qD+, A/q=2

Chargebreeder

Low-resolutionmass-selector

UCx

target

1+ ionsource

n-generator

= 0.065= 0.14= 0.27= 0.385

QWRISCL

88 MHz

3 QWRs ISCL

88 MHz

8 HWRsISCL

176 MHz

SpokeISCL

264 MHz

20-150 MeV/u (for 132Sn)

To low-energy areas

Secondaryfragmentation

target

4 MWtargetstation= 0.047

3-spoke ISCL 325 MHz

High-resolution

mass-selector

Bunching RFQ

To medium-energy experimental areas

= 0.65

Elliptical ISCL704 MHz

= 0.09, = 0.15

H-

H+, D+,3He++

9.3- 62.5 MeV/u 2.1-19.9 MeV/u

To high-energyexperimental areas

RFQs

Chargeselector

100kWDirectTargetStation (3x)

17th September 2007 Town meeting - HelsinkiT. Stora, CERN

Isotopes within EURISOL-DS

Be

Ar

Ni

GaKr

Fr

Sn

8Li

18Ne

21Mg

179Hg

100kW target reference isotopes

NuPECC isotopes

Key experiment isotopes


ISOL targets and ion sources

44 Targets 44 Ion-sources 11 Front-end

Target materials (30):

• Refractory oxides and carbides (Al2O3, SiC)

• Solid metals (Ta, Nb, Mo)

• Molten metals (Pb, La, Sn).

ISOLDE UCxpressed pellets

HfO2 felts

m

m

nm/sub-m SiC

m

High density UCx

L. Tecchio fo

r Task 4

Ion sources (>5):

• Surface

• FEBIAD, ECR

• RILIS

Ta foils


Beam intensityand target temperature

RIB intensity[s-1 A-1]

Target density[g cm-3]

Cross section[cm2]

Prim. Part. beamIntensity[s-1 A-1]

Target AtomicMass [g]

Diffus.+Effus.Efficiency

IonizationEfficiency

opticsioneffdiff dx N/A x x)(E, (E) I Avogadro

#Beam transport

Efficiency

Protons

+/- 8V500A

+/- 9V1000A

*

Ionisation

Molecular transportEffusion

DiffusionDiffusion

Nucl. reaction

Target material 5-200 g/cm2

“Oven - Radiator” (Ta,Mo,Nb, C …)

Ion-source & Transfer line

(Ta,Mo,Nb, C …)

AZdx

dE

ρ

Energy deposition[MeV g-1cm2]

1

10

100

1000

10000

1 10 100

k [W/m°C]

DT

[°C

]

ro

[cm]7.06.56.05.55.04.54.03.53.02.52.0

Thermal gradient

P=0.1kW/cm2

Oxide Carbide Metalgraphite

T=(1200-2200°C) + DT

Release time [s]

0 ~ Vy exp(1/T)


Baseline parameters

HEAT:Deposition, transfer

ISOTOPE PRODUCTION

ISOTOPE RELEASE:Diffusion, effusion

ION SOURCE:Efficiency, emittance

FLUKA ANSYSThermal conductivityTarget material ageing

FLUKANuclear cross sections:SigmasWin2000 ABRABLA

RIBO RaBITSpecific surfaceOnline tests

CPO VORPALOnline testsEmittance meter

On-paper Target Unit Design

Tests of specific components

Prototype testValidation

Final Target Unit DesignTarget station specifications

Approach used in Target Tasks

(from Task#3)


Properties high density UCx

=12.6e-6 °C-1 at 2000°C

=0.42 at 2000°C L. Tecchio for Task 4


Temperatures in the 4MW Hg loop

• Minimum wall thickness 0.8 mm• Through-wall temperature gradient 40 C

210C peak temperature

250C peak temperature

Paul Scherrer InstitutGF34, 16.9.2007


Hg converter mockup

• Flow-Test in IPUL Hg-Loop in March/April 2008• Velocity field measurements, comparison with CFD model

Paul Scherrer InstitutGF34, 16.9.2007

17th September 2007 Town meeting - HelsinkiT. Stora, CERN10

Beam Optics

Container support (Re)

Extraction Electrode

Body tube Target material (Graphite / Uranium)

Target container (Re)

To cool down the concrete as well as to evacuate the heat generation from the

target

Insulator (BeO)

MAFF design

15g of U235

Y. Kadi for Task 2 and MAFF approach (C. Kharoua P32)


3750°C >> Melting Point !! 1700 °C

100kW oxide target benchmark

100 W/cm3

10 W/cm3

1 W/cm3

Al2O3

Heat deposition, FLUKA,=7mm, R=3, 1GeV p, 100kW, X=200g/cm2

Heat transfer, ANSYS wb 10.0

Radiative cooling towards T=25ºC

100 kW

=1-4 W/mK

Oxides are thermal insulators


100kW Solid target benchmarks


Double effusion line prototype

(E. Bouquerel, L. Penescu)

Heat screen

Bellows

ISOLDE cold FEBIAD MK7Ion source

Cu body

2 pneumatic valves

RIB

1.4GeV protons

2xwater cooledtransfer lines2x20cm containers


CaO344 online Apr 2007Experimental data

1.0E+01

1.0E+02

1.0E+03

1.0E+04

1.0E+05

1.0E+06

0.01 0.1 1 10tdelay+1/2tcollec (s)

β c

ou

nt

pe

r tc

oll

ec

(s

-1)

FO

OF

OO

FF

O: OpenF: Closed35Ar

E. Bouquerel, L. Penescu, E. Barbero, D. Carminati, R. Catherall, B. Crepieux, J. Lettry, S. Marzari, E. Noah, T. Stora, R. Wilfinger

Closed valveleak rate : 0.3%

Ratio 34Ar : 95% (OO)/(OF+FO) 35Ar : 83%

Symmetry : 34Ar : 94%(FO)/(OF) 35Ar : 92%

Ion source efficiency :(FO or OF) Ar : 5.1%(OO) Ar : 4.9%Poste

r P25 E. B

ouquerel, L. P

enescu et a

l.


Oxide target materialNiobium / Al2O3 composite

under development

Al 2O

3

Nb

Al 2O

3

Nb

x (Nb) [mm]

T=30°C

p 1GeV25kW

T= 1300°C + DT

200

400

0.5 1

(S. Fernandes, S. Mathot)

(CourtesyOfTS-MME)


Beam steering• Is key for

– Isotope production (increase)– Thermal loads (decrease)– Fatigue aspects (decrease)

Temperature Variation

within a cycle

0

100

200

300

400

0 50 100 150 200

Frequency f [Hz]

DT

cycl

e [°

C]

Over the

cross-section

at a given

point

R. Wilfin

ger, L. B

runo


100kW oxide target design

• Prototype test preparation at TRIUMF

Proton E=0.5 GeV, Pmax= 50 kWwobbling envisaged


SiC353 online May 2007

Sample descriptionBulk

density (g/cm3)

Average total porosity

(%)

Average grain size

(m)

SiC Starfire

(CIP + Infiltration)2.4 20

0.3

0.7

SiC SG

Saint –Gobain (CIP) 1.2 62 0.6

5 m

m

• Best 21Mg and 22Mg yields (x3) at ISOLDE,maintained 2e18 pulsed protons (6e18p for 17F)

• Post irradiation analysis of SiC334 started

(S. Fernandes)


TARPIPE (S. Marzari, E. Noah, R. WilfingerE. Manfrin, A. Kalt, I. Guenter, L.

Zanini)


TARPIPEstarted Apr. 2007 at PSI

Level 4 : 3906 A.hrLevel 3 : 3237 A.hrNext irradiation Nov. 2007(for level 2 and 1)


Target buildingSchematic vertical layout

A schematic layout of the target building has been worked out and validated by a preliminary radiation safety study. The design foresees a

heavily shielded target pit. The corridor and neighboring areas are accessible during operation.

No show-stopper has been identified so far.

ProtonBeam Level

P beam

TargetHandling Level

Secondary Beam

Hot Cell

Surface level

Op

era

tor‘

s

roomService

Room(target

handling)

Accessib

le

Primary beam tunnel

Iron

Accessible(Separator, etc.)

4.5

m

Experim. AreaLevel

4 m

2.8 m

2nd cont.

3rd cont.

1 m

Front-end retracts vertically into the hot-cell for target exchange and repair.

(L. Bruno)

Du

mp

1st

5.5

m

ConcreteShielding


Target buildingSchematic vertical layout

L. Bruno


Target buildingAccessibility

After every run the access to the hot-cell area is granted for several hours. [H*(10) <10 microSv/h ]. On the contrary, the proton beam level is accessible only for relatively short duration.

T. Otto Poster P42 Task5


Molten metal target design(E. Noah)


Design basedon LiSoR Pb/Bi loop at

PSI

30kWheat exchanger(LBE/diphyl &Diphyl/water)

0.2l/s

Inductionpump

Storage tank

LiSoR loop at PSI


Diffusion cell &Effect of beam time structure

Diffusion Chamber yet to be designed

Poster P

34 E. Noah et a

l.

No problemof proton inducedsplashing detected


Milestones (task3)

• M1.1-4.1 (feasibility) : Done 20• M1.2 : Pending• M2.2 -2.4 (designs) : Done or drafted

– beam : poster P38 Mitrofanov Semen

• M1.3 ( SiC test ) : Done 27 (UCx pending)• M2.3 ( TARPIPE) : started 26 - 33%• M3.3 ( oxide@TRIUMF) : planed 37 - 50%• M4.3 (“bivalve” test) : Done 26

• M1.4 &4.4 : planed 33 - 80%

Estimation:1012 18Ne/s200kW, 13MeV

Documents

Town meeting – Helsinki – 17 th September 2007 Overview on EURISOL targets Thierry Stora on behalf of the Target Tasks