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Trademarks
Trademarks and the Power of Brands
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Intellectual Property Trade Secrets Patents
Utility PatentsDesign Patents
Copyrights Trademarks
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
The Trademark Family Trademarks and Trade Names Service Marks Trade Dress Certification Marks Collective Marks
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Trademarks Protect Diverse Products from a Single Source
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
The Patent “Bargain”
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
A Trademark “Bargain”?
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Two Key Attributes of Trademarks Priority of Appropriation Distinctiveness
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
How Marks Arise - Priority Use and Common Law Rights Registration
State Federal
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Distinctiveness Never Descriptive Inherent Distinctiveness Secondary Meaning
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
TrademarksWhat’s Not Allowed
Generic or Descriptive Immoral, Scandalous, Deceptive Marks Disparages or falsely suggests a connection with
persons (living or dead), institutions, beliefs, or national symbols
Depicts the flag or coat of arms or other insignia of the United States, or of any state or municipality, or of any foreign nation, or any simulation thereof
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Names as Trademarks
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Trademark Searching
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Who May Apply for Trademark Registration
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
How to Apply www.uspto.gov
TEAS (Trademark Electronic Application System)
Trademarks
Federal Registration Classes Statement of Use
Specimens
Intent to Use
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Specimens for “Actual Use”: TMEP Chapter 800
Typed WordsDrawings
TMEP Chapter 900Specimens
Trademarks
Specimens Special Rules for Digitized, Paper Copy,
and Bulky Specimens “must show the mark as used on in
connection with the goods in commerce”
Trademarks
Appropriate Specimens: Labels, Tags, Stampings
Maybe acceptable: Package inserts and “point of sale”
advertising”Not Acceptable
Pure Advertising
Trademarks
Trademark Prosecution Rejection
ConfusionDescriptiveness
• Secondary Meaning
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Publication and Opposition Time for Objections Negotiating Objections
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Fight or Run? 3% Opposed Costs are High
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Use It or Lose It! (Intent to Use) Six months for actual use without cause Up to 30 more months for “good cause”
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Keeping Your Mark Strong and Healthy
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
“TM” and “SM”
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
®© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Renewals Within six months after the sixth
anniversary of date of publication Every ten years thereafter May be renewed indefinitely
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Use It or Lose It (Part II) Non-Use for 2 Years = Presumptive
Abandonment
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Defend Your Mark! Consistency in Goods and Services Control Use by Others
Unauthorized UsersPermitted Users
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Don’t Commit Genericide! Always Use Mark with Common Product
or Service Name Never Use as a Verb; Never Plural; Never
Possessive Always Capitalize; Never Abbreviate Never Use as a Generic Noun
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
Trademarks
Keep Track of Ownership Selling Your Mark
© 2002, Gallagher & Dawsey Co., L.P.A.
