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Training and qualification inspectors for advanced GWT inspections
David Alleyne
7MENDT, Bahrain
14 September 2015
1
Presentation Outline
2
Biography
History of GWT and inspector training
GULT training scheme and recommendations
Certification and Qualification process
Challenge educate and support inspectors at all levels
ISO 17024, 9712 compliant certification
Conclusions
Biography Summary of GUL
3
GUL: Primary function development, design and manufacture of GWT equipment.
Guided Ultrasonics Ltd. was set up in 1998/9 to commercialize guided
wave inspection systems and train field inspectors.
World experts in Guided wave testing of plates and pipe from Imperial
College of Science, Technology and Medicine (London, UK). Patent
holder for GWT methods.
Over 200 man years experience in the guided wave field within GUL,
including outstanding academic contributors with widest range of
application specific knowledge and expertise.
Driver and major contributors for the development of GWT standards,
qualification and certification.
Long range GWT concept
4
If the guided wave encounters a defect then part of the signal is reflected
A single measurement inspects all the material in a long length of the structure
Transducer
Structure
Time, distance
Defect
End of structure
Results when you just try….
5
Problem (understanding of the physics) involving:- Multiple modes- Multiple directions- Dispersion- Sensitivity to defects varies with modes
Milestones of GWT Method• Plate, tubes and spot weld testing application1980’s Research –Lamb Waves
• Understanding, Simulation Software
• Initial prototype equipment
Research and Development
Imperial College
• Transduction
• Electronics
Development
GUL
• Applications
• Limitations definition
Technology demonstration
GUL and oil and gas companies
• Training
• Support
Technology transfer
GUL and service companies
• Definition of standards, recommended practices and specifications, certification
Technology transfer
GW community
Dispersion curves for 6” pipe
7
T(0,1)
F(1,2)
F(2,3)
F(1,3)
L(0,2)
Square Cut End
8
• FR = 3.7 • BW=0• 8 inch Sch. 40
GWT
9
Wavemaker® system.
Used for range of pipe testing applications
Pipe sizes from 1“ to 96“
Typical test time 10-20 minutes
Internal battery (8 hour life)
Automatic testing sequencing and equipment diagnostics
Operator recognition (iButton)
Wavemaker® result
10
-24dB
0.0 5.0 10.00
90
180
270
360
Angle
(deg)
0.0 5.0 10.00.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Distance (m)
Am
p (
Lin
ear)
+F5
+F4
+F3
+F2
+F1
-F1
-F2
Distance
Rectangular Defect
11
• FR = 3.7 • BW=0• 8 inch Sch. 40• Weld (3mm Cap height, 12mm length)
Defect172 x 21 x 4mm
Height x Axial Length x Depth
Welded Support
12
• FR = 8.8 • BW=0
• 8 inch Sch. 40
Support 100x250x10mm
Height x Axial Length x Thickness
90 degrees Bend
13
• FR = 3.8 • BW=0• 4 inch Sch. 40• Weld (2mm Cap height,
12mm length )
Multiple Features
14
• FR = 3.7 • BW=0• 8 inch Sch. 40• Weld (3mm Cap height, 16mm Length,
2mm Root Height, 3mm Root Length)
Series of Pits 18 nos x 14mm
Diameter x 4mm Depth
Application Specific Training
15
Many applications are complex and require additional equipment specific training and qualifications
Testing of buried pipe
Testing of road crossings
Process pipwork including bends and pipe fittings
Monitoring (gPIMS) applications
Certification
16
GUL has pioneered electronic certification using the iButton system since 2005
Can be remotely updated and revalidated
Allows automatic logging of inspector for QA purposes
Log of tests is used as proof of experience for advanced qualifications
Conclusions
17
Improving fundamental understanding through training Properties of waves, interaction with damage and features Environmentally induced affects Historical review of results used to improve accuracy and reduce false calls Monitoring and regular data collection improves understanding of
environmental effects
Optimisation of inspection (POD) Minimisation of false calls Signal-to-noise ratio (different sources) Variability of sensitivity with frequency and mode
New capabilities and technologies Tomography, sizing and monitoring