Training Pesentation on GSM Technology

8/4/2019 Training Pesentation on GSM Technology

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Training Presentation

on GSM technology

By : Puneesh PablaNovember .22 .2010


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Company Overview Bharti Airtel founded by Sunil Bharti Mittal

on 7th July 1995 First Indian telecom service provider to

achieve this Cisco Gold Certification. Is the world's fifth largest telecom

company in world.

Serves more than 100 million subscribers. Worldwide presence in 16 countriesAirtel in India present in all 23 Circles.


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Company Overview ( continued)

Products Offered

Wireless

Telephone

InternetDTH

First company to outsource everything

except marketing and sales and finance Recently won 3G auctions for 13 circles

After 3G auctions ,Bharti bagged 4 circles

for BWA auctions.


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GSM Technology GSM today means Global System for Mobile

Communications Introduction by the European telephone exchange offices

seamless roaming within Europe possible

More than 747 million subscribers in more than 400networks More than 360 billion SMS per month worldwide (more

than 10%

of the sales of the operators)

Uses the frequency ranges of 900, 1800, and 1900MHz Voice and data connections with up to 9.6 KBit/s

(enhancement: 14.4 KBit/s)


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Access Method in GSM

ACCESS METHOD

The GSM system uses TDMA- Time Division Multiple

Access, where each carrier is divided into 8 time slots.

The MS send and receives on same time slot.

This means 8 simultaneous conversations can take place

on the same radio


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GSM SUBSCRIBER TELEPHONY

SERVICES

Normal Telephony - Two way Voice communication i.e. ability tomake and receive calls to fixed and Mobile Subscribers all over theWorld.

Emergency calls - Emergency calls are possible to make from amobile station even without a valid subscription or SIM card. WithinGSM the emergency No is 112.

FAX - In GSM we can support fax service. a special FAX converteris used. This enables a GSM connected fax to

communicate with any analogue fax in the fixed network. SMS - Short Message Service. A message consisting of maximum

160 alphanumeric characters can be sent or received by a mobile

station. If the MS is switched off or out of coverage area of thenetwork, the message is stored in a short message service center.The message is delivered to the subscriber as soon as MS is on orit enters the coverage area.

Cell Broadcast - This is just a variation of SMS service. A messageof maximum 93characters can be broadcasted by an Operatorwhich will be displayed to all mobile subscribers latched on the

network. Such as Accident Notice, Fire, Bad weather etc


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SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICESCall Forwarding

1. Call forwarding on MS not reachable.

2. Call forwarding on MS busy.

3. Call forwarding on no reply.

4. Call forwarding, unconditional.

Call BarringThe Subscriber or an Operator activate or deactivate the barring ofMobile station. There are three kinds of Barring.

1. Barring of all Outgoing Calls.

2. Barring of all Outgoing International Calls.

3. All incoming calls.Advice of Charge-

The advice of charge (AOC) service provides the subscriber with an

estimate of the call charges. There are two types of AOC- Onewhich is used for providing information regarding charging andanother which is used for charging purpose. The estimation is based

on time measurement of time hold during call


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SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICES

Call hold- This supplementary service is used to interruptthe ongoing call and make secondary calls withoutdisconnecting first call..

Call Waiting- This service enables the mobile subscriberto be notified if any other call is coming at that time. Hecan hold the first call and make conversation with 2nd call.He has the option either to accept or reject 2nd incomingcall.

Multi- Party Service-The multi party service enables asubscriber to have a multi party conversation i.e.maximum 6 parties can join the same call and makeConversation. (Conference calls).


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THE GSM SYSTEM MODEL


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MOBILE STATION (MS)

Refers to the Mobile Phone, i.e. the handset

held by the users in the mobile network

Comprises all user equipment and softwareneeded for communication with a Wireless

telephone network.

This is the terminology of 2G systems like GSM.

In the 3G systems, MS( mobile station) is now

referred as UE (User Equipment) .


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BASE TRANSCEIVER SYSTEM

(BTS) controls the radio interface to the MS comprises the radio equipment such as

transceivers and antennas which are

needed to serve each cell in the network

To avoid interference we intend to keep

different frequencies of adjoining cells.

cell Individual set of transmitting n receiving

equipment. Formed in groups.


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Base Station Controller (BSC)

A group of BTSs are controlled by a Base StationController (BSC).

manages all the radio-related functions of a GSMnetwork

MOBILE SERVICES SWITCHING

CENTRE (MSC) A Number of BSCs are controlled by one MSC. It controls calls to and from the MS in the network,

as well as calls from various National andInternational Operators.

It uses Telephony and Data Calls as well as various


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HOME LOCATION REGISTER (HLR)

The most important database in GSM network isHLR, where subscriber subscriptions, its varioussupplementary services, databases etc is kept.

Whenever any subscriber buys subscription fromany operator his complete profile will be keptsafe in HLR.

Furthermore there will be information about

location of the particular subscriber, i.e, we cansee in which MSC/VLR the subscriber iscurrently registered.

Also if the subscriber moves to any different

location area, the MSC/VLR ID is accordinglyu dated in HLR.


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Visitor Location Register (VLR)

The Visitor Location Register is a

database containing information about all

the MS currently registered in particularMSC service area.

As soon as the MS moves to a new MSC

area the VLR of that MSC requests HLRto provide complete information of

database of that Visiting Subscriber


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AUTHENTICATION CENTRE (AUC)

Protected database that stores a copy of

the secret key stored in each subscriber's

SIM card, which is used for authenticationand ciphering of the radio channel.

The AUC is connected to the HLR.

Provide the HLR with authenticationparameters and ciphering keys, both used

for security reasons.


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Equipment Identity Register (EIR)

The Equipment Identity Register (EIR) is a database that

contains a list of all valid mobile equipment on the

network, where its International Mobile Equipment Identity

(IMEI) identifies each MS. An IMEI is marked as invalid if it has been reported stolen

or is not type approved.

GATEWAY MSC (GMSC)The GMSC is used to connect a subscriber of different

network or operator with our own network.

The HLR provides this information to GMSC.


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MSC/VLR Service Area

An MSC service area is represented of an

service and coverage area of one MSC.

A service area is that part of netwrk that isdefined in which a mobile is registered in

VLR.


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Call flow

O i f th GSM I t f


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Overview of the GSM Interfaces

For the connection of the different nodes in the GSM network, different

interfaces are defined in the GSM specifications.

Air interface

The Air Interface is the interface between the BTS (Base Transceiver

Station) and the MS (Mobile Station). The air interface is required for

supporting:

- Universal use of any compatible mobile station in a GSM network

Abis-interface

The Abis-interface is the interface between the BSC (Base Station

Controller) and the BTS. The interface comprises traffic and controlchannels. Functions implemented at the Abis-interface are:

- Voice-data traffic exchange

- Signaling exchange between the BSC and the BTS

A-interface

The A-interface is the interface between the BSC and the MSC.


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Thank You

Documents

Training Pesentation on GSM Technology