Training Project Complete

7/27/2019 Training Project Complete

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A REPORT ON

VOCATIONAL TRAININGAT

SUBMITTED BY

SAYANTAN CHAKRABORTY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY

KOLKATA- 700 032


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VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROJECT REPORTVOCATIONAL TRAINING PROJECT REPORT

name of the project : UNIWORLD CITY RAJARHAT, KOLKATA

name of the client : BENGAL UNITECH UNIVERSAL INFRASTRUCTURE

PVT. LTD.

name of the company : SIMPLEX INFRASTRUCTURES LIMITED.

training period : 14th MAY 2012- 14th JUNE 2012

name of the student : SAYANTAN CHAKRABORTY

college roll number : 000910401065

name of the college : FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, JADAVPUR

UNIVERSITY

address : JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY

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INDEXINDEX

Acknowledgement...................................................................................................04Acknowledgement...................................................................................................04

Preface.....................................................................................................................05Preface.....................................................................................................................05

Introduction.............................................................................................................06Introduction.............................................................................................................06

Area statement.........................................................................................................07Area statement.........................................................................................................07

Materials used.........................................................................................................08Materials used.........................................................................................................08

Contract management.............................................................................................10Contract management.............................................................................................10

Safety......................................................................................................................18Safety......................................................................................................................18

Execution................................................................................................................26Execution................................................................................................................26

Quantity survey.......................................................................................................31Quantity survey.......................................................................................................31

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Quality control........................................................................................................37Quality control........................................................................................................37

Planning..................................................................................................................45Planning..................................................................................................................45

Electrical department..............................................................................................48Electrical department..............................................................................................48

Mechanical department...........................................................................................53Mechanical department...........................................................................................53

Store........................................................................................................................58Store........................................................................................................................58

Conclusion...............................................................................................................59Conclusion...............................................................................................................59

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Apart from the efforts of me, the success of any project depends largely on the encouragement and guidelines of

many others. I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the

successful completion of this project.

I would like to thank Mr. S. K. Maiti (Sr.Vice-President, Simplex Infrastructures Ltd.) for accepting our training

and keeping our request. I would like to show my greatest appreciation to Mr. Sanjay Chakrobarty (Project in-

charge) and Mr. Ahindra Chowdhary (Manager). I wish my gratitude to him for his tremendous support and help. I

feel motivated and encouraged after working under his sheer guidance and without whom this project would not

have materialized.

My special thanks to Miss. Jayashree Kar(Engineer, Planning) and Mr. Santibrata Samanta (Engineer, Quality) for

their day-to-day motivation, suggestions and detailing about the various operations at site. I would also like to

acknowledge and extend my heartiest gratitude to the following persons who have made the completion of this

project possible:

Mr. G Mukherjee (Manager, Accounts)

Mr. P Biswas (Engineer, Safety)

Mr. D Chakrobarty (Sr. Engineer, construction)

Mr. Partho Kole (Sr. Engineer, construction)

Mr. Bidyut Ghosh (Sr. Engineer, construction)

Mr. Ranjit Pal (Plant Engineer)

Mr. Abhra Chaudhuri (Officer, Accounts)

Mr. Atish Srimani (Engineer)

Miss Jayashree Kar (Engineer, Planning)

Mr. Santibrata Samanta (Engineer, Quality)

Mr. P Ghorui ( Engineer)

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I would also thank my Institution and my faculty members without whom this project would have been a distant

reality. The guidance and support received from all the members who contributed to this project, was vital for the

success of the project.

PREFACEPREFACE

The construction as well as the real estate business, is booming, at present in Kolkata, West

Bengal. Major construction companies and builders have taken great strides in setting up of

multi- storied buildings and mega housing complexes etc. with lots of amenities and facilities in

the New Town, Rajarhat area. This business is becoming much more lucrative than before.

Experienced Civil Engineers are key persons in any construction site. So in order to be well

versed and knowledgeable in the construction field as well as to acquire site experience, training

at site becomes very important.

As a Civil Engineering student, in JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY, It was important for me to get

familiar with all sorts of acquaintance of construction line.

So getting a Vocational Training at this stage would be better for my development and as such I

applied to Simplex Infrastructures Ltd. and was lucky enough to get an opportunity to complete

my Vocational Training under this esteemed organization.

Under Bengal Unitech Project; named UNIWORLD CITY the structures are constructed over

100 acres out of which PHASE 4 consisting of 10 Towers with basement occupying 135802 sqm and PHASE 2A consisting of 5 TOWERS and basement occupying 77049 sq m are governed

by SIMPLEX INFRASTRUCTURES LTD.

During this training, which I underwent after appearing for the 6th Semester Examination of my

college, I have learnt many things, both about construction as well as project management. I got

to see a large number of site machineries, equipments and construction procedures, various

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safety measures adopted at site which are not common in ordinary sites. These are invaluable

experience, which I believe will help me to a great extent, in the future.

Civil engineering is a vast and diversified subject and there are lots of things yet to be learnt. As

only a 3rd year student of this Engineering discipline, I knew I had my limitations, but I must say

that this training program has made me more confident and has created more interest in me in

learning the practical aspects of construction at site.

SAYANTAN CHAKRABORTY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGG.

JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY

KOLKATA

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

ABOUT THE COMPANY

NAME : SIMPLEX INFRASTRUCTURES LIMITED

REGISTERED OFFICE : SIMPLEX HOUSE,

27 SHAKESPEARE SARANI,

KOLKATA- 700017

FORMER NAME : SIMPLEX CONCRETE PILES (INDIA) LIMITED

SPECIAL FEATURES AS CONSTRUCTION COMPANY:

Company is in ISO family since 2004.

It is an ISO 9001:2008 approved company.

Major construction works are taken up.

Company generally is undertaking infrastructures, construction of flyovers etc.

Presently executing 100s of towers in India and abroad.

Design, development, engineering & construction of civil, structural, geotechnical and other associated

works.

ABOUT THE PROJECT:

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BASIC INFORMATION:

Total project area of UNIWORLD CITY at Rajarhat, Newtown is 100 acres. Simplex got contract to make

HEIGHTS and CASCADES in PHASE 2A and PHASE 4 respectively. Uniworld City is conveniently located in

the IT/ITES belt in New Town, Rajarhat. The area is situated between Salt Lake and the Airport and is 15 minutes

to Park Circus. The proposed Metro will also originate from New Town and terminate in Howrah.

Cascades is located at the grand pedestrian promenade which runs through the heart of Uniworld City and consists

of 10 towers, which extend up to 24 stories. With 2 to 3 apartments on every floor, apartment sizes range from

1,475 to 3,841 square feet. The design of Cascades is most prominently expressed in its landscape its spectacular

water features & undulating landform.

The complex includes food courts, amphitheatre, rock climbing wall, shopping facilities, swimming pool with

children's pool, squash court, badminton court, tennis courts, piped gas, security and CCTV

.

Area statement

GENERAL OUTLAY OF WORK:

For Phase 2A:

Floor

Total

no. of

floors

Total

no. of

apartme

nts

Size of

each

flat

(m2

)

Built up

area

(m2)

Appro

x.

floor

areain

buildi

ng

(m2)

Tentative

total floor

area per

tower (m2

)

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Baseme

nt

1 14000 13000 13000

T1 28 71 150 635 545 15237

T2 26 64 120 525 420 10904

T3 28 71 150 635 545 15237

T4 26 64 120 525 420 10904

T5 28 71 120 525 420 11767

Total no. of apartments = 341

Tentative basement car parking area = 9000 m2

Tentative total area = 77049 m2

For Phase 4:

Floor

Total

no. of

apartme

nts

Total

no. of

floors

Tentative

total floor

area per

tower (m2)

Baseme

nt

1 46572

T1 26 15 5547

T2 26 15 5547

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T3 26 15 5547

T4 52 21 9138

T5 58 23 10086

T6 58 23 10433

T7 58 23 10433

T8 58 23 10433

T9 64 25 11033

T10 64 25 11033

Materials Used

GRADE OF CONCRETE USED:

Pile =M25

Pile cap =M25

Columns =M40 (for the tower)

Slabs =M25

Beams =M40

Basement columns =M30

Retaining wall =M25

P.C.C. =M7.5

Basement slab =M35

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Note:

As per the design the basement slab was supposed to be constructed of M25

grade concrete. But a road for the movement of heavy vehicles was

proposed over the basement slab in which case the M25 mix would

have not been sufficient to withstand the load over it, hence, the gradeof concrete was raised to M35 with the clients permission.

DIAMETER OF REINFORCEMENT BARS IN COLUMNS OF

VARIOUS SIZES:

CONTRACT MANAGEMENTCONTRACT MANAGEMENT

CONTRACT MANAGEMENT is a process which enables all the parties to a contract to meet

their obligations in order to deliver the objectives required from the contract. It continues

throughout the life of the contract and involves managing proactively to anticipate future needs

as well as reacting positively to situations that arise.

DOCUMENTS FORMING PART OF THE CONTRACT

Contract agreement

Letter of acceptance (LOC) & Notice to proceed (NTP)

Contractors bid / tender document

Contract data

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SIZE OF COLUMNDIAMETER OF

REINFORCEMENT BAR(mm)

250mm X 750mm 16

500mm X 500mm 20

500mm X 750mm 20 & 25

500mm X 900mm 32 & 25

500mm X 1200mm 32 & 25


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Conditions of contract

Specifications

Drawings

Bill of quantities

ESSENTIALS OF A CONTRACT

Essential elements of a contract are:

An agreement

Offer and acceptance

Lawful consideration

Capacity to enter into contract

Free consent of both parties

Lawful object

Intention to create a legal relationship

TYPES OF CONTRACT:

Unit rate/unit price contract

Percentage rate contract

Cost plus percentage contract

Lump sum contract

Turnkey/ EPC contract

BOT contract

FIDIC form contract

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TYPICAL SET OF RECORDS:

Original contract tender document

Drawings issued for construction and all subsequent revisions

Instructions, notices, variation orders issued to contractors

Sub-contractor quotations, purchase orders, work orders

Daily records on Plant & Machinery use

Daily time records and production logs e.g. concrete pours etc.

Contract milestone schedule/master schedule

Payment/billing status under the contract

Contract correspondence

Minutes of contractual meetings

Minutes of site coordination meeting

Notice of claims for delays and/ or cost by contractor

Inspection reports

Accident reports

Progress photographs

A filling record of all the record files that are being maintained

BREACH OF CONTRACT

A breach of contract occurs where a party repudiate or fails to perform one or more of the

obligations imposed upon him by the contract. Any breach of a contract by one party gives the

other party an immediate cause of action and a right to claim for damages as compensation, for

losses flowing from the breach of contract.

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Sources of breach of contract:

Failure to give possession of site

Improper or cardinal changes

Unreasonable delays

Non-supply of material promised

Different site conditions

Different type of claims:

Contractual claims

Extra contractual claims

Quantum merit claims

Ex-gratia claims

Counter claims

Supporting evidence for claims

Many delay claims by contractors fail due to lack of notice and/or failure to substantiate their

claim due to lack of records.

The following supporting evidence can contribute immensely in proving the claims:

Correspondence

Confirmation of verbal instructions

Drawing register

Minutes of meeting

Labour allocation sheets

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Approvals

Inspection

Daily diary

Photographs

Programme and progress

Quality assurance records

Other records

DISPUTE

A dispute is a disagreement arising out of a contract. When many differences or issues remain

unresolved, the party aggrieved becomes entitled to raise a claim in respect of the same.

Sources of dispute:

Changed conditions

Additional work

Delays

Contract period

ALTERNATE DISPUTE RESOLUTION/REDRESSAL MECHANISM (ADR)

ADR is a holistic concept of a consensus- oriented approach to deal with potential and actual

dispute. The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 promises to be efficient and effective

alternate system of dispute resolution.

ADR methods:

Mediation

Negotiation

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Conciliation

Finally if all these mechanism fails by : an Arbitration

CONTRACT CONDITIONS FOR HEIGHTS

The scope of work shall mainly consist the following:

i. Earthwork and dewatering works.

ii. Plain / Reinforced cement concrete works.

iii. Masonry works.

iv. Steel works.

v. Wood works.

vi. Floor finishing works.

vii. Wall finishes

viii. Miscellaneous works.

ix. Fire/ smoke check doors Roofing / water proofing works.

SL.NO TOWER/

BUILDING

NO OF

APPARTMENTS

NO OF

FLOORS

TENTATIVE

AREA(M2)

1. Basement 1 1300

2. Tower1 71 28 15237

3. Tower2 64 26 10904

4 Tower3 71 28 15237

5. Tower4 64 26 10904

6. Tower5 71 28 11767

TOTAL 341 77049

completion period : 18 months

date of start : 1st November 2006

date of completion : 30 April 2008

total contract value : 462868562/-

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value of work : 444898233/-

added service tax : 17970329 /-

total : 462868562/-

Cost of material

supplied by the

owner : 270000000/-

(Which includes Ready mix concrete, Cement, Reinforcement steel)

TERMS FO PAYMENT:

Mobilization advance 10% of contract price.Immediately on award of work : 5.0%

Mobilization of cranes and lifts : 2.5%

Mobilization of 50% shuttering : 1.5%Mobilization of balance 50% of : 1.0%

shuttering material _______________

TOTAL 10.0%

Security deposit:

5% of work done to be deducted from running bill subjected to maximum of 60 lac.

Performance guarantee : 5% of contract value

ESCALATION

Vm = 0.5(W-Wm)(C1-C0)/C0V1 = 0.3W(L1-L0)/L0

Where;

Vm = variation in material costV1 = variation in labour cost

W = gross work done during the period

Wm = gross work done during against time mentioned in BOQ with basic ratesC1 = All India wholesale price index

C0 = All India wholesale price index in the month in which prices bids are opened.

L1 = revised minimum labour wagesL0 = Minimum labour wages in the month in which price bids are opened.

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SUPPLY OF MATERIAL BY THE OWNER:

Cement:Grey cement ( OPC in bags)

Allowable wastage variation: +1%

Recovery beyond allowable wastage = Rs- 250/- per bag

Reinforcement bars

Allowable wastage/variation = +3%Invisible wastage = 1

Recovery beyond allowable = 50,000 per MT

wastage

Ready mix concrete

Allowable wastage variation : N/A

Recovery beyond allowable : NOT ALLOWEDWastage

CONTRACT CONDITIONS FOR CASCADES

The scope of work shall mainly consist the following:

x. Earthwork and dewatering works.

xi. Plain / Reinforced cement concrete works.

xii. Masonry works.

xiii. Steel works.

xiv. Wood works.

xv. Floor finishing works.

xvi. Wall finishes

xvii. Miscellaneous works.

xviii. Fire/ smoke check doors Roofing / water proofing works

SLNO

BUILDING/TOWER

NO OFAPPARTMENTS

NO OFFLOOR

TENTATIVEAREA (M2)

1. BASEMENT 1 46572

2 TOWER 1 26 15 5547

3 TOWER 2 26 15 5547

4 TOWER 3 26 15 5547

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5 TOWER 4 52 21 9138

6 TOWER 5 58 23 10086

7 TOWER 6 58 23 10433

8 TOWER 7 58 23 10433

9 TOWER 8 58 23 10433

10 TOWER 9 64 25 1103311 TOWER 10 64 25 11033

TOTAL 490 135802

completion period : 27 months

date of start : 15th April 2007

date of completion : 14th July 2009

super structural work : 648426277/-

basement work : 161403064/-

total contract value : 810329341/-

cost of materialsupplied by the

owner : 480000000/-

(Which includes Ready mix concrete, Cement, Reinforcement steel)

TERMS FO PAYMENT:

Mobilization advance 10% of contract price.

Immediately on award of work : 5.0%Mobilization of cranes and lifts : 2.5%

Mobilization of 50% shuttering : 1.5%

Mobilization of balance 50% of : 1.0%shuttering material _______________

TOTAL 10.0%

Security deposit:5% of work done to be deducted from running bill subjected to maximum of 60 lac.

Performance guarantee : 5% of contract value

ESCALATION

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Vm = 0.5(W-Wm)(C1-C0)/C0V1 = 0.3W(L1-L0)/L0

Where;

Vm = variation in material cost

V1 = variation in labour costW = gross work done during the period

Wm = gross work done during against time mentioned in BOQ with basic rates

C1 = All India wholesale price indexC0 = All India wholesale price index in the month in which prices bids are opened.

L1 = revised minimum labour wages

L0 = Minimum labour wages in the month in which price bids are opened.

SUPPLY OF MATERIAL BY THE OWNER:

Cement:

Grey cement ( OPC in bags)Allowable wastage variation: +1%

Recovery beyond allowable wastage = Rs 250/- per bag

Reinforcement barsAllowable wastage/variation = +3%

Invisible wastage = 1

Recovery beyond allowable = 50,000 per MTwastage

Ready mix concrete

Allowable wastage variation : N/A

Recovery beyond allowable : NOT ALLOWEDwastage

SAFETYSAFETY

Safety engineering is an applied science strongly related to the system engineering and the

subset system of safety engineering. Safety engineering assures that life critical system behavesas needed when pieces fails.

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SAFETY ASPECT OF THE PROJECT:

If the working environment around you is clean, than automatically it brings confidence in you

to work and gives best output. Simplex gives lots of importance to Safety aspect in Engineers,

Workmen. The main aim safety is zero accident.

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY POLICYOF THE COMPANY:

Intends to maintain a safe and healthy environment and takes due care about

occupational health and safety of its employees.

Strives to achieve zero accident rates through having an effective and competent site

management team and trained wowed to force.

In case of emergencies, the project management team is always ready and quick to

respond to them.

The uses of protective gears like safety helmets, protective shoes, safety nets etc. are

strictly enforced among the workers at the site.

RESPONSIBILITY OF SAFETY & HEALTH COORDINATOR

Carry out Safety Inspection of Work area daily.

Organize campaigns, competitions & other special emphasis program to promote HSE at

the workplace.

Highlight the requirement of HSE through PEP talks. Help to prepare Job Safety

Analysis (JSA) for critical job.

Conduct Investigation of all Accidents / Dangerous occurrences & recommend

appropriate Safety Measures.

Convene Safety Meeting & minute the proceedings for circulation & follow up actions.

Advice & Co-Ordinate for implementations of work permit system.

Plan procurement of PPE, Safety devices & inspect before use as per the laid down

norms.

Report to RSC on all matters pertaining to status of Safety & promotional program at site

level.

Sending reports to Safety Coordinator.

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Facilitate Screening of all Workmen & Safety Induction.

Facilitate administration of First Aid.

SAFETY TRAINING AND MOTIVATIONAL SCHEME AT SITE

Simplex Infrastructures Limited conducts several orientation and training programs for all

persons at site so that they will be fully aware of site safety rules, restrictions and necessary safe

working methods.

SAFETY INDUCTION COURSE:

It is the policy of the Simplex Infrastructures Limited that all workers shall be familiarized with

there work environment. Each person shall be fully aware of rules, restrictions and safe working

methods manners in his assigned work. Refreshers training will be also conducted through other

specified courses as required with a view to ensure that each person at the site is competent to

perform his work safely and efficiently.

Each person assigned to the construction site, prior to starting site activities, will be given an

admission orientation covering all aspects of his work and area.

The orientation covers the following topics;

The Safety Policy of Simplex Infrastructures Limited

Safety organization of Simplex Infrastructures Limited

The complex regulation for construction safety.

Work in restricted areas and highly hazardous works.

Supervisors and employee responsibilities

Personal Protective Equipments & Other Safety Gadgets.

Fire prevention and fire protection.

Medical and first aid facilities

TRAINING PROGRAMS

Simplex Infrastructures Limited conducts training programs with specific emphasis

on HSE issues pertaining to the site activities. For example,

The statutory codes and regulation on HSE.

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Site safety rules and requirements.

Lock out and Tag out

Accident Prevention & Accident Investigation.

Safety & Health inspection emergency and rescue.

All staff member & workmen shall receive basic training on safety.

Safety induction programs shall be conducted for the new workmen and refresher

programs for the existing gangs on routine basis.

Sufficient number of workmen and staff shall be trained in first aid/ artificial

respiration /fire - fighting to ensure quick reaction in case of emergency.

All workmen shall be trained to follow safe working procedure to execute their

respective jobs in the concerned area with the help of the Safety Engg Dept.

Examples of training programs are as follows:

Regular training.

Safety Induction for visitors, new joiners staff, workmen,

Preparatory talk on daily basis & subject will be chosen as per the need / demand.

Periodical training.

Fire fighting, First aid, Emergency preparedness, Electrical safety, Working at height,

Erection & dismantling,

Job specific (critical activities) relevant to Risk assessment

VARIOUS MEASURES TAKEN ON SITE:

PEPTALK/ TOOL BOX TALK

Regularly pep talk is organized to motivate workmen and meet job specific demand by

concerned supervisor. The significance of personal protective appliance shall be impressed upon

the workman and their use ensure by all concerned.

All sub-contractor and their supervisor conduct pep talk when new work start and give awareness

of the work in presence of Site in-charge and Safety coordinator.

Simplex provided PPE for employee and labours. Various PPE listed below:

Sl. No Activity Suggested PPE

1 Site Transport Safety Helmet, Safety Shoe.

2. Handle of diesel Rubber hand gloves and Goggles.

3. Material handling Safety Helmet, Safety Shoe, Hand gloves.

4. WeldingWelding face shield attached with welding helmet, hand salves, safety

shoe.

5. Grinders Face shield attached with welding helmet, Safety Shoe, Hand gloves

6. Gas cutting Face shield attached with welding helmet, Safety Shoe, Hand gloves

7. Erection Safety Helmet, Safety Shoe, Hand gloves

8. Crane operator Safety Helmet, Safety Shoe, Hand gloves

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9. Working at heights Safety Helmet, Safety Shoe, Safety belt.

10. Excavation& Backfilling Safety Helmet, Safety Shoe, dust mask.

11. Concrete work Safety Helmet, Safety Shoe, dust mask, gumboot &hand gloves.

MEDICAL AND FIRST AID FACILITIES

First Aid is an immediate and temporary care given to the victim of an accident. It may involve

improvising with facilities and materials available at time.

The main objectives of first aid are:-

To preserve life

To prevent the worsening of the condition

To promote reconvenes

FIRST AID FACILITY AT SITE

Main first aid centre is established within the site premises at local convenient locationwith adequate facilities to handle the following emergence. Two full fledged first aider are made

available at aid centre shift wise to extend to first aid service round the clock. First aid trainee is

given to sub-contractor also. There be at least one standby emergence vehicles on site during

working time.

For shifting of critical patient who required hospitalization emergency vehicles is provided

with medical facility.

Simplex is tie up with some of the hospital having sufficient amenities to handle critical

case effectively.

SAFETY MATERIALS

1. Safety Net:Safety nets are nets generally used in the side of the towers to stop some falling objects from the

tower top. Sometimes it is useful for saving human life. It is made of Poly propelene Ropes.Generally it is of dimension (10mX4m). It has a mesh size of (2X2). The border rope is of

diameter 12mm.

2. ELCB/RCCB:An Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker(ELCB) device always checks for any leakage of current. An

ELCB works by comparing the input current in the hot current line feeding a load and the return

current in the central line coming back from the load. If the return current is less than the inputcurrent by a quiet small amount

Usually only about 30 mA ,it means there must be a leakage current.RCCB means Residual Current Circuit Breaker which operates when there is a difference in

current between any two phases.

3. Barricading tape:The portion of the site under work is generally barricaded by a tape which notifies others for not

entering the particular area .These kind of tapes are known as the Barricading tapes.

4. Fall Arrester:

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It is a safety device connected with the rope and safety belts which protects the person working

vertically at the top of the building from falling down.

5. Flashback Arrester:

It is a safety device generally used in gas cutting set. It is a one way valve which prevents fireand explosion the heat coming from nozzle.

SCAFOLDING

Scaffolding are structures erected besides the tall buildings which acts as a platform for work.

The different parts of scaffolding are given below:

Bay : The space between the center line of two adjacent standards.

standard : A vertical or near vertical tubes based on the ground or a structure.

Ledger : A longitudinal tube normally fixed parallel to the face of a building in the

direction of the larger dimension of the scaffold. It acts as a support of the transoms are

frequently for the tie tubes and ledger braces and is usually jointed with the adjacent

standards.

Brace : a tube placed diagonally with respect to the vertical or horizontal members of a

scaffold and fix to them to afford stability.

Working platform: the deck from which the building operations are carried out.

Coupler : A components used to fix the scaffold tubes together.

Toe Board : An up stand at the edge of a platform intended to prevent materials or

operatives feet from slipping off the platform.

There are four types of scaffolding.

These are :

Tower Scaffolding : The scaffolding consisting of four standards and not extended at any

side.

Independent Scaffolding : The scaffolding consisting of three or more standards in long but

only two standards in wide. Bird cage Scaffolding : The scaffolding consisting of six or more standards in each

direction.

Hanging Scaffolding: The scaffolding hung from overhead.

Tower & independent scaffolding

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SCAFFOLD CLASSIFICATION

Scaffolds are classified by type according to their purpose for use. Each scaffold will have set

maximum loadings, which in turn will determine the maximum bay centers as follows:

TYPES USES Platform loading No. of

boards &

standard

CRS

Maximum bay

centresKN/m2 Kg/m2

Very light duty Independent Inspection 0.75 76 3(0.77m) 1

Light duty Independent Plasterers, Painting and

Cleaning

1.5 153 4(1.0m) 2

General purpose

Independent

Building work

light brick work

2.0 204 5(1.2m) 2 plus 1 very

light duty

Heavy duty Independent Brickwork

Heavy cladding

2.5 255 5(1.2m) 2 plus 1 very

light duty

Special or masonryIndependent

Masonry work ConcreteBlock work

3.0 306 6(1.45m) 1 plus 1 verylight duty

Putlog duty birdcage New Brickwork 2.5 255 5(1.2m) 1

Light duty birdcage Inspection, Painting,

Cleaning

0.75 76 Fully

boarded

1

Hoist tower To change Hoist N/A N/A NILL N/A

SAFETY FROM FIRE

Fire: Fire is a chain reaction which involves the oxidation of combustible materials, heat and

light energy emitted.

Causes of fire:

Ignorance

Carelessness

Poor

Fire Triangle: Three main factors are essential to combustion

Presence of fuel that is wood, petrol, paper etc.

Presence of OXYGEN

Temperature

Principle of extinguishment of fire:

Fire extinguishment involves removal of any one or more factors depicted by the fire triangle.

The principle of extinguishment may be classified as follows:

Starvation; By eliminating fuel

Cooling; if the rate at which the heat is generating by combustion is less than the

rate which is dissipated, then the combustion doesnt persist

Smothering: By eliminating the air or oxygen from the fuel.

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CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE

Class A-Ordinary/general/carbonaceous fire

Class B-Flammable liquid fire

Class C-Flammable gas fire

Class D-Reactive metal fire

CLASS EXAMPLE EXTINGUISHING EFFECT

A Paper, wood, cloth etc. Cooling, smothering ,starvation

B Petrol, diesel, oil, acetone

etc.

Smothering

C Acetylene, methane,

hydrogen, LPG etc.

Smothering, cooling

D Potassium, sodium,

aluminum etc.

Cooling, smothering ,starvation

FIRST AID FIREFIGHTING APPLIANCES:

Sand bucket

Fire hook

Fire beater

Portable fire extinguisher

Hose reel hose

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SAFETY INSTRUMENTS

A SAFETY SIGN BOARD AT SIMPLEX

FIRE EXTINGUISHER USE AS PER CLASSIFICATION

EXTINGUSHIR CLASS

A B C D

SODA ACID X X X

WATER CO2 X X XFOAM X X X

DCP

CO2 X X

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EXECUTIONEXECUTION

FINISHING ACTIVITIES:

Finishing is the major part of building. Cost of the finishing is 70% of the total cost of building.

Finishing work done in some parts are as follow:-

Brick work

Door frame

Window frame

Railing

Plastering

Tilling &stone work

Plaster of Paris

Indian patent stone (IPS)

False ceiling

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Painting

BRICK WORK:

Brick work is masonry produced by a bricklayer, using bricks and mortar to build up brickstructure such as walls. This project site walls are build up reinforcement brick work forhigh rise building (tower). Reinforcement bars is provided after three layers of brick differ.

Here thickness of brick work are 125mm & 250mm .250mm thickness of brick work used

for main wall with proportion of mortar 1:6 & 125mm thickness of brick work used forpartition wall with proportion of mortar 1:4 ( cement : sand).

METHODOLOGY

Bricks are properly soaked into the water.

The brickwork surface is also properly wetted

Then two brick placed as stretcher perpendicular to the line of brickwork.

Then the alignment is checked and a straight string is tied in to the brick previously

placed along the line of brickwork is to be done as the outer boundary line.

Then the bricks are placed and joined by the mortar of specified mixed ratio.

After finishing the complete row the next row brickwork is done by following the same

procedure.

The joint of the brickwork must be discontinues.

Reinforced brick work is being carried out hence after every three layer two bars of

diameter 6mm is provided in brickwork for lateral support.

PLASTERING :

Plaster is done on internal wall , external wall and ceiling. Thickness of internal

plaster is 12mm with 1:4 (cement: sand) proportion. Ceiling plaster thickness is 6mm with

1:3. Thickness of external plaster should be 15mm with proportion 1:6. Generally it may be18-20mm thickness.

METHODOLOGY

The wall is inspected for electrical conduits, window frames, door frames etc.

The brick wall surface is properly wetted with water.

Chicken mesh is used to make brick wall monolithic with columns.

Placing the cement mortar in patches of 12 to 15 mm thickness as per the requirement.

Covering the whole wall with mortar maintaining the thickness with respect to the

patches.

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Levelling of mortar is done with the help of aluminium bar

If there is any void space after the levelling that is filled by the mortar.

Finally the whole wall is levelled properly and our plastering work is

finished.

TILING & STONE WORK :

In phase 2A two types are used:

Ceramic tiles

Vitrified tiles.

METHODLOGY

The floor is cleaned by removing dust and debris.

Then the surface is wetted by water.

After that the cement sand mortar is prepared.

Levelling patches are provided at different places to maintaining the level at the time of

placing of tiles.

The whole area is then covered by the mortar up to the level of patches.

Then the cement slurry is spread over the surface

Then the tiles are gently placed over the surface with the gap of 3 mm

The gap is finally files by thin cement slurry.

Finally the tiles were clean and the tiling work is finish

BACKING FOR TILING:-

12-15 mm thick backing for tiling is used for wall. Generally 20-25mm thickness

backing is used for floor.

Use tiling mortar with 1:4 (cement: sand) proportion for floor.

Use tiling mortar with 1:3 proportion for wall.

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Cement water paste is used on back side of tiles.

STONE WORK :

The following stones are used in the site:

Crown pink stone: Crown pink stone is used for flooring at lobby.

Marigold granite stone: Marigold stone is used at beside the lift facial.

Kota stone: Kota stone is used in stair case. Udaipur green Kota stone is

also used at duplex stair case. Dado of Kota stone is 100mm.To complete

flooring in stair case 2.5 mason and 2.5 numbers labours are required for two

flight, mid landing, final landing and dado finishing.

INDIAN PATENT STONE (I.P.S.):

Indian patent stone is one type of flooring with is used in bedroom of all

apartments in project. In this case the total floor area is divided in several panels (1mx1m)by using PVC strip. Dimension of these strips are 4mm in thickness & 40mm in width.

Then concreting is done in alternate to create a non homogeneous joint as we can prevent

huge repair cost when repairing is needed. Mix ratio of IPS is 1:2:4 where sand is medium

coarse sand and stone chips are 12mm down. After IPS the flooring is covered by woodenblock by using adhesive material.

PLASTER OF PARIS(POP):

POP is done to get smooth surface on wall. Pop is done in some steps:

Clean the plastered wall surface.

Watering the surface.

Make a suitable lay of Paris.

Apply the POP on wall.

In our project we use 3mm-4mm POP covering on internal wall surface But we can use4mm-6mm thick POP finishing.

In market 50 kg bag is available which covers 20m2 wall area. One painter can paint 20m2

wall area in a day .VACUUM DEWATERED FLOORING

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Methodology:

A bed of silver sand of thickness 650mm is laid first.

The sand is then compacted and a thin plastic is laid over it

50mm PCC done over the plastic layer.

Reinforcement bars of diameter 8mm and 10 mm with clear cover 25 mm is laid over thePCC at a distance of 200mm centre to centre.

The PCC surface first scratched and then wetted before the casting.

100mm thick slab is casted and vibrated with the use of vibrator for better compaction.

A thin net is laid over the casted layer after about 10-15 minutes of casting.

A mat with arrangement for suction is spread over the net

Water is drawn out with the help of VDP(Vacuum Dewatering Pump)

After dewatering, hardener named SIKA CHAPDUR is spread over the surface @

4Kg/m2

The surface is levelled properly with the help of power trowel

Finally after proper levelling, brushing of the surface is done.

Advantages of VDF:

The compressive strength of floor increased

Theres a gain in tensile strength

Cement consumption is reduced as no cement is required separately for finishing the

surface.

Abrasion resistance of the floor increased resulting in less wear and rear of the floor

surface

Shrinkage of concrete is reduced and floor warps less.

Grade of Concrete:

Minimum grade of concrete used shall be M15 conforming to IS-456. Only Design MixConcrete shall be used

Water-Cement ratio:

Water-cement ratio upto 0.65 shall be allowed to obtain better slump& workability. Actual ratio

shall be decided with approval of the Engineer-in-charge. Only measured quantity of water

shall be used in the mix.

Special Requirement:

All works covered by this specification shall be carried out by an experienced agency having

sufficient expertise in vacuum Dewatering concrete system. Only skilled and experienced

operators shall be employed for the purpose. Prior approval of the agency shall be obtainedfrom the Engineer-in-Charge before starting the work. All the equipment shall be of approved

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and proven types and suitable for the work involved.

Concrete Laying:

Concrete laying pattern shall be decided in consultation with the Engineer-in-Charge and with his

approval. The maximum width of a slab strip shall not generally exceed 4 meters and minimum number

of construction joints shall be used. Alternate slab strips shall be sequentially laid. Any damage to the

already finished top surface shall be avoided. At construction joints no overflow of mortal or slurry on

the already hardened surface shall be allowed while concreting the intermediate slab strip. Such

construction joints shall be marked with a thread in a straight line while the concrete is still green.

Continuity of reinforcement shall be maintained while laying concrete in slab strips. Edges at expansion

joints shall be protected and proper arrangement of shear-transfer shall be provided.

QUANTITY SURVEY

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TOTAL BRICK WORK, TILING AND PLASTERING ON A TYPICAL FLOOR

SL NO. DESCRIPTION UNIT NUMBER LENGTH HEIGHT WIDTH QUANTITY

TOTAL

QUANTITY

BRICK WORK

A 250 mm thick wallx10^6mm^3

1 MASTER BEDROOM 2 3325 2450 250 4073.125

1 1750 1100 250 481.25

1 1475 2700 250 995.625

1 600 2700 250 405

2 BED ROOM 2 1750 1100 250 962.5

1 325 2450 250 199.0625

1 600 3150 250 472.5

1 675 2700 250 455.625

1 250 2450 250 153.125

3 LIVING ROOM 2 250 2450 250 306.25

1 2331 2450 250 1427.7375

1 731 2700 250 493.425

4 DINING ROOM 2 440 2450 250 539

5 STORE ROOM 2 1360 2700 250 1836

6 LIFT 2 1950 2700 250 2632.5

1 450 2700 250 303.75

1 450 2700 250 303.75

7 STAIR ROOM 2 2160 2450 250 2646

1 1290 1100 250 354.75

1 750 600 250 112.5

1 1085 2600 250 705.25

1 1615 500 250 201.875

1 750 500 250 93.75

1 1755 2600 250 1140.75

8 TOILET 2 750 600 250 225

1 850 2450 250 520.625

1 2300 2775 250 1595.6251 850 2450 250 520.625

1 850 2700 250 573.75

9 GARBAGE BINS 1 1700 2700 250 1147.5

1 1250 2450 250 765.625

1 1250 2600 250 812.5

1 800 2700 250 540

1 750 2700 250 506.25

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10 UTILITY 1 1365 2450 250 836.0625

1 890 2700 250 600.75

1 860 2700 250 580.5

1 750 600 250 112.5

11 KITCHEN 1 775 3150 250 610.3125

1 1075 1100 250 295.625

1 125 2450 250 76.5625

12 LIVING/DINING 1 1365 2450 250 836.0625

1 2790 2450 250 1708.875

1 1175 2450 250 719.6875

1 2160 2450 250 1323

1 1826 1400 250 639.1

1 3060 2100 250 1606.5

1 709 3150 250 558.3375

1 675 2450 250 413.4375

13 MASTER BEDROOM 1 2790 2450 250 1708.875

1 700 1400 250 245

14 TOILET 1 805 2450 250 493.0625

1 475 2450 250 290.9375

42157.7875

B 125 mm thick wall 0

1 BED ROOM 2 3800 2700 125 2565

1 2200 2700 125 742.5

1 725 2775 125 251.484375

1 1825 2450 125 558.90625

1 600 3150 125 236.25

2 TOILET 2 2800 2700 125 1890

1 1100 2700 125 371.25

1 1425 3150 125 561.09375

1 600 3150 125 236.25

1 2090 2700 125 705.375

1 700 3150 125 275.625

1 575 3150 125 226.40625

1 1235 2700 125 416.8125

1 880 3150 125 346.5

1 1803 2450 125 552.168751 625 2450 125 191.40625

1 750 3150 125 295.3125

3 DINING 2 2800 2700 125 1890

4 KITCHEN 2 1150 2450 125 704.375

1 2625 2700 125 885.9375

1 2250 3150 125 885.9375

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1 635 475 30.1625

1 1630 1053 171.639

3 STORE 2 2380 1860 885.36

1 940 750 70.5

1 555 350 19.425

3274.5115

F PLASTERING 0

1 MASTER BEDROOM 2 5550 3035 3368.85

1 1500 3035 455.25

1 3925 3035 1191.2375

1 1225 3035 371.7875

1 600 3035 182.1

1 250 3035 75.875

1 1700 3035 515.95

1 1000 3035 303.5

1 2450 3035 743.575

1 675 3035 204.8625

1 1750 3035 531.125

2 BED ROOM 2 2200 3035 1335.4

1 3800 3035 1153.3

1 2925 3035 887.7375

1 600 3035 182.1

1 1100 3035 333.85

1 600 3035 182.1

1 1750 3035 531.125

1 750 3035 227.625

1 900 3035 273.15

3 BED ROOM 2 1350 3035 819.45

1 3725 3035 1130.5375

1 2400 3035 728.4

1 425 3035 128.9875

1 3575 3035 1085.0125

1 750 3035 227.625

1 2350 3035 713.225

1 500 3035 151.751 350 3035 106.225

1 900 3035 273.15

4 LIVING ROOM 2 3500 3000 2100

1 2575 3000 772.5

1 1800 3000 540

1 1700 3000 510

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1 6130 3000 1839

1 4660 3000 1398

1 7331 3000 2199.3

1 475 3000 142.5

1 2200 3000 660

1 731 3000 219.3

5 STORE ROOM 1 1500 3000 450

1 3005 3000 901.5

1 2100 3000 630

1 1360 3000 408

1 880 3000 264

6 KITCHEN 2 1960 3150 1234.8

1 900 3150 283.5

1 2725 3150 858.375

1 2100 3150 661.5

1 1150 3150 362.25

1 600 3150 189

1 1000 3150 315

1 1250 3150 393.75

7 DINING 2 2925 3000 1755

1 2450 3000 735

1 565 3000 169.5

8 BALCONY 2 1000 3000 600

1 725 3000 217.5

1 875 3000 262.5

1 815 3000 244.5

1 875 3000 262.5

1 725 3000 217.5

1 1125 3000 337.5

1 875 3000 262.5

1 670 3000 201

1 250 3000 75

1 2450 3000 735

1 1250 3000 375

1 3500 3000 1050

1 2331 3000 699.31 1800 3000 540

9 TOILET 8 750 3000 1800

1 1550 3000 465

1 725 3000 217.5

1 2340 3000 702

1 2340 3000 702

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1 2300 3000 690

2 750 3000 450

1 825 3000 247.5

1 575 3000 172.5

1 1475 3000 442.5

1 1235 3000 370.5

1 2800 3000 840

1 975 3000 292.5

1 725 3000 217.5

1 875 3000 262.5

1 1053 3000 315.9

1 875 3000 262.5

1 625 3000 187.5

1 1440 3000 432

53556.3375

QUALITY CONTROLQUALITY CONTROL

QUALITY CONTROL ASPECT OF THE PROJECT:

As quality play very important role in every project, Simplex also gives lot of importance to

Quality control and Quality assurance aspect. Keeping in mind, the company has prepared Quality policy

and planned for the quality and necessary action in advance so that the quality of work meets the I.S

standards and contract specification and full the needs of the Clients.

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Simplex has set up well equipped quality laboratory in the site where all the tests being

performed in the presence of consultant client. Records are being maintained as per ISO standards

QUALITY POLICY OF THE COMPANY:

We, in the Simplex Infrastructures Limited, are committed to executed project as per customer

requirement ensuring customer satisfaction through implementation quality management systems in

according with ISO 9001:2008 and making continual effort to enhance quality.

QUALITY OBJECTIVES OF THE COMPANY:

To inculcate in the minds of our employee the culture of project execution with continent quality

assurance and adherence to milestone as per customer requirement through development of programmeand guidelines.

To ensure and improve customer satisfaction.

To maintain a conducive environment and infrastructural facilities at work place with

due consideration for occupational health and safety legislations.

VARIOUS TESTS BE CONDUCTED ON THE SITE:

Cube Compressive Strength tests.

Slump test (Workability)

Test for bricks.

Aggregate test.

Tests on all incoming Materials as per specifications.

VARIOUS TESTS CONDUCTED IN LABS:

Reinforcement test

Cement test

Water test

TESTS FOR CONCRETE:

Workability of concrete is proportional to the water cement ratio and is inversely proportional to the

strength i.e. water cement ratio is inversely proportional to the strength.

Compressive Strength Test:

Cube test is used for measuring the compressive strength of concrete.

We take 6 cubes of dimension (150mmX150mmX150mm) for testing purpose.

Here 3 cubes are used to test after 7 days and the rest 3 cubes used in 28 days for getting the result.

About 2/3rd of the strength is gained in 7 days.

PROCEDURE:

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A mould of dimension (150mmX150mmX150mm), made of 3 parts is used for the test.

Concrete is being filled and tampered.

The upper surface is smoothed and levelled.

The cube is hence prepared.

The cube is compressed in the compressive testing machine after 7 and 28 daysrespectively.

The compressive strength of the concrete is read from the reading of the pressure gauge.

Slump Test:

Slump test is used to determine the workability of concrete on site.

Testing instrument:

Slump cone

Tampering rod.

PROCEDURE:

Slump cone is filled with concrete in 4 layers.

Each layer is being filled and tampered for about 25 times for compaction.

The upper surface is then smoothed and leveled.

The slump cone is then vertically lifted.

The tampering rod is marked with a measurement scale.

The level of fall of concrete from the top determines the workability.

Slump results for some specific cases:

heavy slump 100mm

slump for mass concrete 50mm

slump for concrete used in road (25 to 50)mm

slump for pump concrete (120 to 150)mm

If the slump value of concrete exceeds 150, then it is called loose concrete.

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The 7 days strength should not be less than 67%

Average 28 days strength of all the cubes should be fck +3

Individual strength of cubes should not be less than fck

If RMC fails in compressive strength retrofitting works or remedial measures are applied

such as:

dismantling

jacketing using steel sheets grouting

In-situ test for concretes:

load test

hammer test

core-cutter test

NOMINAL MIX FOR VARIOUS GRADES OF CONCRETE:

GRADE NOMINAL MIX

M7.5 1:4:8PCC

M10 1:3;6M15 1:2:4

RCCM20 1:1.5:3

M25 1:1:2

PLACES OF USE OF VARIOUS GRADES OF CONCRETE AT UNITECH SITE:

M7.5 Plain Cement Concrete

M25 Casting of slabs, beams, VDF, Pile Caps, Deck Slabs, Lintels, Retaining WallsM30 Columns (10th to top floor)

M35 Columns (4th to 10th floor)M40 Columns (basement to 4th floor)

CEMENT:

Types of cement used nowadays are as follows:

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Type of Cement

(with relevant grade and IS code)

Compressive Strength

3days 7days 28days

OPC (33 Grade) IS-269,1989 16 Mpa 22Mpa 33Mpa

OPC (43 Grade) IS-8112, 1989 23 Mpa 33Mpa 43Mpa

OPC (53 Grade) IS-12269, 1987 27 Mpa 37Mpa 53Mpa

-

16 Mpa 22Mpa 33MpaPPC(Fly Ash Based) IS-1489 (P1), 1991

PPC (Calcined Clay Based) IS-1489 (P2), 1991

TESTS FOR CEMENT:

Tests for reinforcement steel:

There are two grades of steel are used in our site.

Fe-500

Fe-415 HYSD bars.(High Yield Steel Deformed Bar)

The bars used are TMT bars that is Thermo Mechanically Treated bars.

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Type of test Permissible Value Equipment used

Fineness of Cement Cement retained not more than 10% IS sieve of 90 micron (sieving time 2min)

Normal Consistency 28% - 30%

Vicat ApparatusInitial setting Time not less than 30min.

Final setting Time not more than 600min i.e. 10hr.

Soundness Expansion not more than 10mm La-Chartlier

Specific Gravity 2.89 3.00 Specific Gravity bottle

Compressive

Strength test

Cube mould of size (70.6mm x 70.6mm x 70.6mm)

No of Sample casted 9nos for 3days, 7days, 28days tests (each test 3nos cube).

Proportion of mortar for cube casting-200 gm Cement : 600 gm Standard Sand (GrI 200 gm,GrII 200 gm, GrIII 200 gm)

Water Added [(P/4)+3]% , P = Normal Consistency in %

Mixing time 3 min. - 4 min., Time of Vibration 2min.

Frequency of test for each Batch 1no of test, for each lot 1 no of test


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Tests are classified into two categories.

Physical test.

Chemical test

Physical tests:

NATURE OF TEST REQUIREMENTS AS PER IS 1786-1985

Grade Fe500

Tensile strength(N/mm2) 545(min)

Yield strength(N/mm2) 500(min)

% elongation at break on a gel 12.0(min)

Weight per meter length(kg/m) 3.85for 25 mm dia

Bend No sign of crack should be visible

Chemical Tests:

NATURE OF TESTS REQUIREMENTS

Carbon(C) % 0.3%(max)

Sulphur(S) % 0.055%(max)

Phosphorus(P) % 0.055%(max)

TEST FOR AGGREGATESTypes of aggregate:

Coarse aggregate (CA) Fine aggregate (FA)

Types of test:

Grading Analysis. (CA & FA).

Specific gravity. (CA & FA).

Bulk density. (CA & FA).

Moisture content. (CA & FA).

Bulking of sand. (FA).

Water absorption value. (CA).

Aggregate crushing / impact value. (CA) (not > 45% for Concrete, 30% for Road, runway)

Abrasion value. (CA) (not > 50% for Concrete,30% for Road, runway) Flakiness index. (CA).

Elongation index. (CA).

Soundness of aggregates. (CA)

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TESTS FOR WATER:

For testing of construction water As per IS 456: 2000

CHARACTERISTICS Permissible Limit Max CHARACTERISTICS Permissible Limit Max

Inorganic Matter

(mg/l)

3000 Sulphate (mg/l) 500

Suspended Matter

(mg/l)

2000 pH not less than 6

Chloride (mg/l) 1000 Organic Matter 200

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For testing of construction water As per IS 14543, 1998

TESTS FOR BRICKS: (as per IS-3495)

Dimension (250x125x75)mm

Shape and size

Colour

Metallic ringing sound when collide each other.

Warpage test

Water absorption test(20% max)

Efflorescence test (moderate upto 12.5%)

Strength test Compressive strength(not less than 10.0 less than 12.5)

TESTS FOR SHUTTERING PLY:

The type of ply is used in our site is red ply named Laminated Ply. Another type of ply is

available in the market called white ply or commercial ply.

Ply dimensions: 1.22mx2.44mx12mm

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CHARACTERISTICS Requirement Max CHARACTERISTICS Requirement Max

Colour (Colour unit, Max) 5.0 pH 6.5 8.5

Odour Unobjectionable Zinc Zn (mg/l, Max) 5

Taste Agreeable Aluminum Al (mg/l, Max) 0.03

Turbidity (NTU) 5 10 Chloride Cl (mg/l, Max) 250

Total Dissolved solids (mg/l,

Max)

500 Sulphate SO4 (mg/l, Max) 200

Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l, Max) 300 600 Copper Cu (mg/l, Max) 0.05

Alkalinity (mg/l, Max) 200 600 Calcium Ca (mg/l, Max) 75

Magnesium Mg (mg/l, Max) 30 Iron Fe (mg/l, Max) 0.3 1.0

Manganese Mn (mg/l, Max) 0.1 Fluoride F (mg/l, Max) 1.0 1.5

Phenolic Compound (mg/l, Max) 0.001 Nitrate (mg/l, Max) 45

Residue free Chlorine (mg/l, Max) 0.2 Mineral oil (mg/l, Max) 0.01

Mercury Hg (mg/l, Max) 0.001 Cadmium Cd (mg/l, Max) 0.01

Arsenic As (mg/l, Max) 0.05 Cyanide CN(mg/l, Max) 0.05

Lead Pb (mg/l, Max) 0.05 Chromium Cr (mg/l, Max) 0.05

Coliform Organisms

(MPN/100ml)

10 Pesticides (mg/l) Absent


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Weight of the ply: 30 to 35 kg per piece.

CALIBRATION OF MACHINES:

Certified from Superintendence Co of India (P.) ltd.(NABL Accredited & ISO 9001:2000)

NABL National Accrediation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories.ISO/IEC 17025:2005

The instruments are to be tested after every 1 year. The various instruments being tested are:

pressure gauge

vernier calipers

wire gauge

micrometer and screw gauge

digital balance

slump cone

hot air oven

measuring cylinder

IS sieve

Silt And Clay content in sand

Silt and clay content should be tested to know the quality of sand. It is done by taking a sample

of sand in a measuring cylinder and fully saturating it. After a while two layers are produced at

the top of the sand i.e. clay and silt layers respectively. The permissible limit for clay and silt

content is 10%. It should not be more than that.

WATER PROOFING AGENT (SIKA LATEX)

Material repair work/plaster wall painting Putty

SIKA 1 1 1

WATER 6 4 2

CEMENT as per requirement 6 1

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SAND as per requirement - 1

PLANNINGPLANNING

A systematic, time maintaining, economic, quality controlled and safety process that is beingprepared before the commencement of a project for t is being prepared structure wise.

ASPECT OF PLANNING IN A CONSTRUCTION JOB:

Construction planningis a fundamental and challenging activity in the management and

execution of construction projects. It involves the choice of technology, the definition of work

tasks, the estimation of the required resources and durations for individual tasks, and theidentification of any interactions among the different work tasks. A good construction plan is the

basis for developing the budget and the schedule for work. Developing the construction plan is a

critical task in the management of construction, even if the plan is not written or otherwise

formally recorded. In addition to these technical aspects of construction planning, it may also benecessary to make organizational decisions about the relationships between project participants

and even which organizations to include in a project. For example, the extent to which sub-

contractors will be used on a project is often determined during construction planning.Planning is mainly of four types:

Material plan

Labour or man-power planMachine plan

SELECTION OF MACHINE:

Output of the machine: According to the scope of work and depending on the output of themachine we can choose the correct machine for a particular work.

Efficiency: The ratio of the output to the input of a machine is known as efficiency of that

machine. So to choose a particular machine we should first choose its efficiency.

Place of work: The type of machine required for a particular job hugely depends on the place or

location of the project. According to the climate and temperature change a suitable kind ofmachine is to be chosen.

Size & Shape: The shape and size of the machine depends on the quantity of work to be done

and also the amount of space available at the site for work.

Cost or hire Charge: The machine is to be chosen depending on its cost and hire charge. It

largely depends on the amount allotted for that particular project.

Availability of operator: If we choose a particular type of machine, we should make sure that a

good operator is also available for the operation of that machine.

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Transportation: The machine to be hired should not be supplied from a great distance so as to

cut the cost of transportation.

Fuel consumption: We should choose such a kind of machine which is economical in fuel

consumption.

Cost & Availability of parts: If any machine is imported, we should make sure that all the parts

of the machine are available in nearby location to retard the cost of the project.

Maintenance cost: While hiring a machine we should always keep in mind that a hiring cost

should also be allotted with it.

Longevity of machine: Machine should be handled in such a way that it could be used for a

longer period of time.

Storage: The machine should be selected such that it could be stored in a shed in the project site

or nearby easily.

Standardisation: The machine should always be standardised for all the works.

SELECTION OF SUPPLIER

Cost: At first the rate of all the contractors is to be taken so that we can decide whom to give

the work to.

Quality: Before giving the contract to a supplier we should consult with the market about the

goodwill and the supplying quality of that supplier. Transportation: We should keep in mind that the supplied materials from the supplier are not far

away from the site, or else we have to think about extra transportation charges. We can also deal

by making the contractor give the transportation charges.

Behaviour: While making the contract we can make sure that the contractors behaviour is well

or else he could make problem while supplying the material.

Delivery time: While making the contract we should firmly mention the delivery time some

days before the project or else it may cause delay in project.

Payment terms: Payment terms should be mentioned as per deal with the contractor so that he

could not raise any argument further. The dealing may be in terms of months, total or as per

supply.

SELECTION OF SUB-CONTRACTOR

Time: While giving a contract to a subcontractor we should always bind his time limit so

that he does not take a much longer time to finish the project.

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Cost: The cost of the project part handled by the subcontractor should be discussed

before giving him the contract. Thus we could estimate the profits and cost of project

under that particular subcontractor.

Labours: We should always check the ability of the contractor to supply labours. Based

on the number of labours he could provide, we decide to give him the contract.

Experience: The experience of the contractor should be kept in mind so that we canmake sure that he will give a good output.

Quality: We should always check from the previous work of the subcontractor to make

sure that he is capable of doing good quality of work.

Labour accommodation: Labour accommodation should be well known so as to make

their place for living in the site or nearby.

Payment terms: Payment terms should be mentioned as per deal with the contractor so

that he could not raise any argument further. The dealing may be in terms of months,

total or as per supply.

Origin of labour: The origin of the labour is essential as we could clearly acknowledge

the time the labours will be absent during the festivals. Behaviour: While making the contract we can make sure that the contractors behaviour

is well or else he could make problem while supplying the material.

Efficiency: Performance of a supplier is his past reputation and ability of his supply. The

performance of the supplier should always be noticed before giving the contract.

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ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENTELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT

In a word electrical dept means that dept which governs all works or job concerning electricity.

Simplex Infrastructure Limited concentrate on this dept and develop an authentic electrical deptby appointing good electrical engineer in every project site. In BUUIPL , Rajarhat site simplexhas developed an electrical dept which look after all the electrical machines and other

component concerning electricity.

ASPECT OF ELECTRICAL DEPT IN A HIGHRISE BUILDING PROJECT:

As like other civil engineering works , in high rise building project we need several electrical

machines which can not be operated without electricity and the project can not be done withoutthese machines. These machines are supervised by the mechanical dept , so there should be good

connection between these two dept. Tower crane, building hoist, builder hoist, vibrator ,

submersible pump , concrete mixer machine, bar bending machine, bar cutting machine etc arethe electrical machines can not work without electricity. So we need electricity connection from

some other outside agencies or we have to generate electricity. In BUUIPL, Rajarhat site

simplex has arranged some diesel generator to generate the electricity. Diesel Generators are the

one most important machines which are supervised by our electrical dept.

SOME IMPORTANT ELECTRICAL MACHINES AND EQUIPEMENT:

DIESEL GENERATOR (D.G.):

Diesel generator means the generator which generates electricity from diesel. There are

several types of D.G. available in market of various capacity ,eg; 150 kVA,125kVA,100 kVA,75 kVA etc.

In our site there are several DG of several capacity.

1kVA is equivalent to 1.4 Amp.

So 125 kVA is equivalent to 175 Amp.

But for safety we apply only 80% load of maximum permissible load. So we can apply 140

Amp load (max) on a 125 kVA D.G.

D.G. produce generally 65 to 80 Amp current in form of direct current. We transform this DC toAC by using rectifier and then we use either Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) or step up

transformer to get the desired amount of electricity.

Fuel consumption:

For 125 kVA DG:

15 lit/hr (on 80% load of max. permissible load=112 Amp)20% extra = 18 lit/hr (on maximum permissible load=140 Amp)

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ELECTRICAL APPIANCES RUNNING INSIDE SITE OFFICE

Place Tube

light

Ceiling

Fan

Stand

fan

exhaust refrigerator 3 phase

UPS

Wall

fan

CFL AC 3 phase

motor

3-phase

compressive

Kitchen 1 1 1 1

Dining 6 3 1

Toilet 2 2 1 1

Quality 6 2

Planning 2 4

Accounts

1

2 1 1 1

Accounts2 3 2

PM 3 2 1

Tea hut 1 4

Store 3 3 1 4

Mech/electric

3 2 3

verandah 4

Sl no. Item number power Total power

1 Tube light 34 40 13602 Ceiling fan 23 80 1840

3 Stand fan 2 140 280

4 Exhaust 3 40 120

5 Wall fan 1 40 40

6 CFL 9 20 180

7 AC 1 2000 2000

8 Metal hailde 3 400 1200

9 3 phase UPS 1 10 KVA 8000

10 Motor 1 2 HP 1500

11 Refrigerator 1 180 180

12 Oven 1 3 HP 225013 3 phase motor 1 3 HP 22500

14 3 phase cube tester 1 3 HP 2250

Total power consumed : 22.1 KW

D.G required for = 15.47 KW (assuming 80% of load at a time)

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Use 50 KVA DG (avoiding 25 KVA by being on safer side in case of full load)

50 KVA DG

Capacity= 80% of 50 KW= 40 KW

Can be used for= 80% of 40 KW= 32 KW

D.G capacity

Hire charge= 14000/month (current charge)

Maintenance= 2000/month

Fuel= 1800 litre/month

Mobil= 0.1 litre/hr

15 18 litre/hr

Total cost= 1800x40.6 + 15x176 + 14000 + 2000 = 91720

Rate= ( 91720/(12x30x30)) = 8.49 KW /unit/day

TOWER CRANE:

Tower cranes are very important machines in highrise building project. Tower crane

can not be operated without electricity, so although it is a mechanical machine but also anelectrical machine which is supervised by both dept mechanical and electrical. The detailtechnical specifications are listed below.

MOTOR POWER : Rated power - 91.5 KW

Working power - 84.4 KW

SUPPLY CAPACITY : 125 KVA

SUPPLY VOLTAGE : 415 V

SUPPLY FREQUENCY : 50 Hz

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TOWER CRANE

Various limit switches in a tower crane:

All the limit switches are provided in a tower crane to avoid any type of accident. When the

operator is absent minded then these limit switches protect the machines and avoid all type of

accident by cut the electrical circuit.

Over load limit switch :

This limit switch works when we lift a weight more than the permissible limit of the crane.When a weight more than the given limit is lifted by the crane then this limit switchautomatically cut the electrical circuit and so the no accident can take place.

Movement limit switch:This limit switch is used in a tower crane to limit the swing movement of the tower boom from

a permissible limit.

Hoist limit switch:

This limit switch is provided in a tower crane to control the vertical

movement of weight lifted when it is moved in upward or downwarddirection.

Hoisting height(m)

Fall Travelling Attached

a=2 56 205

a=4 56 103

Hoisting capacity max.(t) 10 ton

Radius (m) Radius max 65

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Radius min. 2.5

Hoisting

Fall Twin motor type

a=2 Hoisting capacity(t) 5 2.5

Speed(m/min) 9~55 9~110

a=4 Hoisting capacity(t) 10 55

Speed(m/min) 4.5~27.5 4.5~55Power (kW) 230/30/7.5

Slewing mechanism

Drive mode 1

(fixed frequency)

Clogged torque (Nm) 27.5

Speed (r/min) 0.6

Drive mode 2 (variable

frequency)

Clogged torque (Nm) 2x7.5

Speed (r/min) 0~0.8

Trolley travel mechanism Power (kW) 5.5/3/1.1

Speed(m/min) 52/26/8.5

Travelling mechanism Speed(m/min) 23.52Power (kW) 2x7.5

Climbing mechanism

Speed(m/min) 0.54

Power (kW) 11

Hydraulic system pressure

(Mpa)

30

Counter weight Jib length (m) 47.5 52.5 60 65

Mass (t) 19 20.6 25.63 27.53

Total power (kW) 91.5 (not including hydraulic pump station motor)

Wheel X axle gauge(m) 6x6

Operating temperature -20 C~+40C

Hoisting performance table for QTZ160F(JL6516) tower crane:

R 2.5-15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 m

a=4 10 8.66 7.61 6.78 6.09 5.51 5.03 4.61 ton

a=2 5 4.66 ton

R 31 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 m

a=4 4.25 3.65 3.4 3.18 2.98 2.8 2.63 2.48 ton

a=2 4.30 3.70 3.45 3.23 3.03 2.85 2.68 2.53 ton

R 49 51 53 55 58 60 63 65 m

a=4 2.35 2.22 2.10 1.99 1.84 1.75 1.63 1.55 ton

a=2 2.40 2.27 2.15 2.04 1.89 1.80 1.68 1.60 ton

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MECHANICAL DEPARTMENTMECHANICAL DEPARTMENT

MECHANICAL ASPECT OF THE PROJECT:

As mechanical mechineries are must needed component of any construction project so

Simplex gives a lots of importance on mechanical dept and has developed a good mechanical

dept with efficient mechanical personnel for BUUIPL,Rajarhat site to maintain wholemechanical mechineries , lab instruments etc which are essentially needed for completion our

job within the given time period according our planning.

VARIOUS TYPES OF MECHANICAL MACHINES:

There are so many machines which are essentially needed for civil engineering projects.

Here we concern about those machines which are effectively used for high rise buildingprojects. Simplex has some own machines for high rise building projects. Again Simplex have

to hire some machines from other agencies. Some such machines are listed below.

Tower crane

Vibrator

Passenger hoist / Building hoist

Builder hoist

Jumbo drain pump

Submersible pump

Back hoe loader

Tipper( Hyva)

Diesel generator

TOWER CRANE:

Tower crane is one of the most useful machine which is very much essential for high

rise building construction specially for lifting heavy material in vertical direction as well as inhorizontal direction.

Typical details of a tower crane which is used in our project:

Make : Jianglu

Model : QTZ160 (JL6516)Capacity : 10 ton

Boom length : 65 m

Height of base mast : 4 m

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Height of general mast : 3 m

Height of swing mast : 1.4 m

Counter weight : 27530 kg

3800 kg

65 m

27530 kg

INSTALLATION OF FIXED BASE SECTION:

Capacity plates / base plates, which are made of iron , are fixed on the pile cap by the nut

extending from the pile cap and then the fixed base section is bolted on the base plate by the

embedded anchor bolt.

58

3800 kg

3800 kg

3800 kg3800 kg

3500 kg

3130 kg

1900 kg


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BASE SECTION

INSTALLATION OF THE UNDERCARRIAGE:

First assemble the undercarriage and the cross-beam and then sling them on the concretefoundation , then fix and align them using clamp plates and M30 nuts.

HOISTING AND ASSEMBLING COUNTERWEIGHT BLOCKS:

First we calculate the weight of counterweight blocks according to the jib length,

sling the counterweight blocks on the counter-jib using a mobile crane.

Collocate the counterweight blocks according to the jib length.

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AFTER INSTALLATION

VIBRATOR:

Efficiency : 80%Frequency : 50HZ

RPM : 2830

Power : 2hp

There are two types of needle that is used for the vibrator

40mm : used for compaction for casting of beam and slab 60mm : used for compaction for casting of columns.

Needle consist of a hollow tube fitted with end cap by threading

A solid shaft is inserted inside the hollow tube

The solid shaft is not completely made up of iron rod but inside the rod oil is filled

Oil is used to reduce the weight as well as work as coolant

A hexagonal sap is there to connect the shaft of motor to the shaft of vibratos.

PUMP :

If the water pump bode is connected to the fry wheel of the generator then the whole setup

works as water pump.On our project site single cylinder and double cylinder 4 stroke pumps are available.

Single cylinder pump : 5KVA

Double cylinder pump : 10KVAPiston diameter : 50mm

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JUMBO DRAIN PUMP:

Jumbo drain pump is used to pump water (specially muddy water) from the foundation.

HYBA (TIPPER):

For material transportation simplex has arranged a tipper of 10 cu m capacity for the BUUIPL,

Rajarhat site for full time of the working period.

TIPPER

BAR CUTTING MACHINE:

Bar cutting machine mechanical unit with foot and hand operated.

Machine cutting capacity 8 mm to 42 mm

Bar cutting machine are ideally suitable for large production

.

BAR BENDING MACHINE:

61

DIAMETER OF BARS NO. OF BARS TO BE CUT8 8

10 6

12 4

16 2

20 1

25 1

32 1


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This machine has many advantages such as stable performance, fully automatic bending, manual

button and highly safe. It is perfect equipment bending the small diameter steel and also an

important complementary equipment of medium and large steel bar benders.

EARTH COMPACTOR

POWER : 3.68 KW ( 5 hp)

RPM : 3600

FULE : A CLASS

VACUUME DEWATERING PUMP

POWER : 7.5 hp

PHASE : 3 Phase

VOLTAGE : 440 volt

FREQUENCY ; 50 HZ

MAN HOIST

On our project site there are two types of man hoist are being used:

Potential and Mekaster

SPECIFICATIONS POTENTIAL MEKASTER

Power 111 KW 18.4 KW

Speed 2 (gear1 and gear2) 1

Capacity 4 1

STORESTORE

The store consists of various materials of various sizes and prices. All these items could not be

acknowledged by human brain itself. Thus a systematic process has been made so as to make all

the works of store easy and handy. This system is known as E.R.P (Enterprise Resource

Planning).

E.R.P consists of following systems:

Master Purchase Order

Inventory

MASTER:

Item master viewSite asset view

Supplier master

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Hired plant & machinery master

PURCHASE:

Indent (forwarding) Request for quotation Quotation Purchase order (P.O.)

Inventory Inspection Inspection number Goods receipt note (G.R.N) Goods issuenote (G.I.N)

HIRING PURPOSE:

Requisition for hiring requirement Order for hiring equipment Log sheet Billing

Indent (cash) Inventory Cash goods receipt note Goods issue note

UTILITY OF THE TRAINING PROGRAMME

The application of the theoretical aspects that were taught in the

classrooms to the practical problems faced at the constructionsite.

An idea about the actual nature of work in the field was

acquired.

Important lessons on management of human resources werelearnt.

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Familiarization with the field conditions.

Procedure of planning the day-to-day as well as the monthly and

overall work.

The process of preparing daily, monthly and quarterly reports

was observed.

The systematic nature of the work in the site was properly

studied.

I am grateful to SIMPLEX INFRASTRUCTURES LTD for providing me this goldenopportunity because now I am returning back with a huge pile of knowledge.

I trust with my strongest confidence that what I learned in this training period will

benefit me in future.

Documents

Training Project Complete