Training'courses'and'materials'developed' …abtassociates.com/AbtAssociates/files/a1/a1815b7f-4753-4d48-93ea...Development’s Avian and Pandemic Inﬂuenza Initiative (USAID/APII)

USAID Avian and Pandemic Influenza Initiative http://www.fluvietnam.com/

The United States Agency for International Development’s Avian and Pandemic Influenza Initiative (USAID/APII) has been actively engaged in Vietnam since 2009. The USAID/APII strengthens the capacity of the Government of Vietnam and its counterparts to identify, prevent, and control outbreaks of avian influenza and other emerging infectious and zoonotic diseases threatening humans and animals.

Over the four-years of the project, a number of training curricula and related manuals, handbooks and other teaching materials were developed by the project on a variety of topics, including biosecurity in poultry farms, slaughtering facilities and markets; field animal health worker training; enhanced infection control in healthcare facilities; pandemic preparedness planning; behavior change communications; and surveillance of human and animal diseases.

The training courses were developed based on needs assessment exercises, assessing the existing qualifications, knowledge, skills and practices of the relevant target groups. The courses and materials have been developed and extensively field-tested with relevant target groups in different locations throughout Vietnam. Where possible, the costs of the training were estimated. A wide range of

expert trainers at the central and provincial levels were trained by the USAID/APII staff and have the necessary knowledge, skills and experience for delivering these training courses.

The training courses developed by USAID/APII offer practical and cost-effective options for training animal health workers, agricultural extension workers, poultry inspectors, healthcare workers and communication experts as well as poultry farmers, slaughterhouse owners and operators, transporters and market vendors of both live poultry and poultry products.

There is a strong interest in the training courses as a result of dissemination

Training'courses'and'materials'developed'by'USAID’s'Avian'and'Pandemic'In<luenza'Initiative'in'Vietnam

Training courses have been developed for a range of thematic areas, including:✦ Infection control✦ Field animal health workers

✦ Agricultural extension: poultry biosecurity

✦ Poultry supply chain✦ Behavior change communications (BCC)

Photo: D.Payne/Abt AssociatesTrained poultry slaughterers in Can Tho, 2012

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workshops and exposure visits to the initial locations where they have been tested and applied. Many provinces have prepared plans to apply the different training approaches in their own locations.

A detailed description of the key training courses developed by the project is provided below. For each training course, there is a brief description of the contents and target audience, format and duration, expected training outcomes and training manuals, handbooks and supporting materials.

Thematic areaINFECTION CONTROLTraining of trainer (TOT) course for infection control specialists

This training prepares infection control experts to provide pre-service and in-service training to healthcare staff including doctors and nurses from provincial-, district- and commune-level public and private healthcare facilities. It is designed for infection control experts working within the health sector for the Ministry of Health (MOH), regional hygiene and epidemiology centers, infection control societies and provincial Departments of Health (DOH) as well as teachers in public and private medical and nursing colleges throughout Vietnam.

The trainers who complete this TOT course will be able to provide pre-service and in-service training on infection control to health care workers at provincial, district and commune levels in all 63 provinces of Vietnam. Medical and nursing schools are also adapting the training curriculum and training manual to apply them in

their training programs for future healthcare staff including doctors, nurses, physicians and midwives.

Supporting materials:

• Training curriculum: Approved by MOH. Provides detailed information on the training program, together with the relevant circular, decision and letter from MOH (40 pages).

• Training manual: 10 lessons on infection control together with an introduction letter from MOH. (240 pages including annexes).

• These supporting materials have been officially distributed by the MOH to all provincial DOH, MOH-administered hospitals and training institutions nationwide.

Duration: 6 daysNumber of trainers: 4Number of participants: 25-30Format: Classroom teaching and one day of practical exercises in a healthcare facility

In-service training on infection control for healthcare workers

This training is designed for current healthcare staff including doctors and nurses working in district- and commune-level public and private healthcare facilities. It has also been used with healthcare staff of general and specialized provincial hospitals. This training will be provided to health care workers at provincial, district and commune levels in all 63 provinces of Vietnam.

The training manual covers 10 main topics, as follows:

• Overview on infection control and solutions

Infection Control Training of Trainers (TOT) course in Hue, 2012Photos: Vietnam Nursing Association




• The infection control system and requirements for implementing infection control in local healthcare facilities;

• Modes of transmission and precaution;

• Disinfection and sterilization;

• Control of infection during injections;

• Management of hospital laundering;

• Environmental sanitation in healthcare facilities;

• Management of medical solid wastes;

• Prevention of some common nosocomial infections

• Surveillance and monitoring the implementation of infection control.

Participants who complete the training course will have appropriate knowledge, skills for appropriate infection control, contributing to enhanced safety for patients, facilities, hospital staff and the public. Participants receive a certificate of completion, which will count towards the in-service training requirements for the health sector outlined in the implementation guidelines of Circular 07/2008/TT-BYT dated 28 May 2008.


• As above (training curriculum and training manual).

Duration: 5 full days or 10 half-daysNumber of trainers: 2Number of participants: 30

Format: Classroom teaching and one day of practical exercises in a healthcare facility:

Thematic areaFIELD ANIMAL HEALTH WORKERSTraining of trainer (TOT) for province and district veterinary staff to train field animal health technicians and para-vets

This training is designed for provincial and district veterinary system staff as well as teachers at vocational training centers. It prepares them to provide short-term and ad hoc in-service and refresher training to field animal health technicians and para-veterinarians providing public and private field animal health services.

The training covers participatory training methodology as well as the use of the USAID/APII animal health worker training materials and tools.


• Training material for animal health workers, covering common and important animal diseases, animal husbandry practices and some advanced skills. CD and online versions also available.

• Field animal health worker logbook

• Standard toolkit for field animal health workers, with guidelines for use and maintenance.

Duration: 5 daysNumber of trainers: 1-2Number of participants: up to 25 participantsFormat: Classroom teaching and exercises

Training courses for poultry farmers and animal health workers in Quang Tri, 2012Photos: Nhu Van Thu/Abt Associates




In-service and refresher training for field animal health technicians and para-vets

This training is designed for animal health technicians and para-veterinarians providing public and private field animal health services. The training is delivered by trainers from the provincial or district veterinary service who have completed the relevant TOT course (see above). The full course can be provided or individual topics selected based on the needs of the local field animal health personnel, for example in response to a disease outbreak or an assessment of local training needs. The training topics are suitable for us in in-service/refresher training as well as for incorporation into vocation training programs. The training has also been applied by the private sector (e.g. by veterinary medicine suppliers and livestock and livestock product companies with their local producer households).


• Training material for animal health workers, covering common and important animal diseases, animal husbandry practices and some advanced skills. CD and online versions also available.

• Field animal health worker logbook.

• Standard toolkit for field animal health workers, with guidelines for use and maintenance.

Duration: the training can be delivered over 30 days (3 periods x 10 days each) or as topic-based monthly refresher trainings (40 lesson plans, each one takes 3 hours).Number of trainers: 1-2Number of participants: maximum of 30 recommendedFormat: mixture of theory lessons and field practice

Thematic areaAGRICULTURAL EXTENSION: POULTRY BIOSECURITYTraining of farmer trainers (TOFT) for agricultural extension workers on biosecurity for poultry farming

This training is designed to prepare agricultural extension staff to provide training to local poultry farming households. It focuses on training skills and methodology, poultry biosecurity knowledge and use of the USAID/APII training materials.


• Three TOT manuals covering biosecurity knowledge, training skills and methodologies, and how to use the USAID/APII training materials and tools.

A practical exercise at an animal health worker training in Quang Tri, 2011Photo: R.Nyberg/USAID




• USAID/APII training materials and tools.(flipcharts and comic books) as outlined below under the training for farmers.

• Biosecurity Training Package CD (includes digital copies of the materials).

Duration: 4 days full timeNumber of trainers: 2Number of participants: up to 25Format: classroom teaching and role-playing exercises

Training of farmers on biosecurity for poultry farming

This training is designed for groups of poultry farming households (either duck or chicken farmers). The training is delivered by agricultural extension staff who have completed the relevant TOT course (see above). It can either be delivered as a full training course over several days or individual topics can be integrated into other agricultural extension activities such as consultations, regular or ad-hoc meetings or farm visits. The training covers information on disease origins and transmission as well as good practices that can be applied to reduce the risk of disease and improve outputs.

Agriculture extension staff are expected to provide follow-up support following the training through farm visits and advice as part of their ongoing extension activities in the locality.


• Flipchart on biosecurity for duck farming: 24 large-format pictures illustrating key issues for good

farming practices, with notes for the trainer on the reverse side. Uses southern language and examples.

• Flipchart on biosecurity for chicken farming: as for the duck flipchart, however uses northern language and examples.

• Anh Ba Nuoi Vit: comic book on raising ducks.

• Bac Mau Nuoi Ga: comic book on raising chickens.

• Biosecurity Training Package CD (includes digital copies of the materials).

Duration: 2 full days or 4 half days (full training) or individual sessions of 2-3 hours (single topic).Number of trainers: 1Number of participants: 10-15Format: teaching and group discussion

Thematic area

POULTRY SUPPLY CHAINTraining and observation visits for slaughterhouse operators

This training is designed to provide slaughterhouse owners and operators with basic knowledge on slaughtering facilities, operations, waste management, compliance with relevant legislation and good practices for risk reduction and food safety. It includes information about different types of small-scale and centralized slaughtering facilities as examples of good practice. Where possible, the training includes actual site visits to observe different facilities in

Training course for slaughterhouse operators in Long An, December 2012Photo: Nhu Van Thu/Abt Associates




Based on the training, slaughterhouse owners and operators can develop the plans to improve their own facilities, operations and practices.


• Training material on slaughtering.

Duration: 3-4 daysNumber of trainers: 2Number of participants: 10-25Format: classroom teaching, practical exercises and site visits (optional)

Training for slaughterhouse workers on good slaughtering practices and hygiene

This is similar to above training, however with more focus on hygiene and safe practices rather than facilities. After completing this training, slaughterhouse workers will be equipped with knowledge and skills to apply safer slaughtering practices, protecting themselves and the community and contributing to safer products and reduced risks to consumers and the environment. This includes training on appropriate hygiene, cleaning and waste management.

Ideally, this training will be linked to appropriate operational and facility improvements, behavior change communications and follow-up activities to reinforce appropriate behaviors.


• Training material on slaughtering.

Duration: 3 daysNumber of trainers: 2Number of participants: 10-20Format: classroom teaching, practical exercises and site visits (optional)

Training for market vendors of poultry and poultry products

This training provides market vendors of both live birds and poultry products with knowledge and practices to improve personal hygiene and reduce the risk of cross-contamination of products, people and the environment from poultry, poultry products and related materials through hygiene, cleaning, waste management and other means.

Ideally, this training will be linked to appropriate operational and facility improvements, behavior change communications and follow-up activities to reinforce appropriate behaviors.


• Training material for market vendors.

Duration: 3 daysNumber of trainers: 2Number of participants: 10-25Format: classroom teaching, practical exercises on hygiene practices and site visits (optional)

Training workshop on the BCC model in Quang Tri, December 2012 Photo: Nguyen Ngoc Quang/Abt Associates




Advanced training on inspection of poultry and poultry products for food safety and sanitation

The advanced training on inspection of poultry and poultry products for food safety and sanitation is designed to build on the existing training for inspector certification provided by the Regional Animal Health Offices (RAHO) of the Department of Animal Health (DAH). The trained inspectors are expected to become change agents for improved practices and quality of poultry and poultry products, contributing to food safety and disease prevention.

The advanced training curriculum covers updated information on avian influenza, emerging infectious diseases and food borne diseases; the supply chain and how disease transmission occurs at key nodes; and the design and operation of poultry slaughtering facilities to enhance sanitation and food safety. It can be provided immediately following the RAHO inspector certification training, or as a stand-alone course for inspectors that have previously been certified.


• Training guideline/curriculum

Duration: 4 daysNumber of trainers: 2Number of participants: up to 30Format: classroom teaching, group discussion and field visits

Thematic areaBEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATIONS (BCC)Training of Trainers (TOT) on BCC theory and application

This TOT course is designed to prepare BCC experts within provincial- and district-level organizations (human health, animal health, food safety and Women’s Union) to lead and coordinate the design, implementation and monitoring of BCC activities. The course and the teaching examples focus on the promotion of behaviors related to human health and reduction of risk from avian influenza, emerging infectious diseases and food-borne pathogens. However, the theory and approach covered in the course can be applied to any issues requiring communications to promote behavioral changes.

After completing the training, trainees will be able to lead the planning, design, implementation and monitoring of communication activities on an identified issue, including mobilization, training and supervision of district and commune communications personnel.


• BCC training manual (164 pages).• BCC communication strategy development guide

(70 pages).

Presenting the BCC model in Hanoi in 2012Photo: Nguyen Ngoc Quang/Abt Associates




• Examples of provincial plans, discussion guides, communication materials, tools and promotional materials.

• Cost estimate for applying the BCC model.

Duration: 5 daysNumber of trainers: 2Number of participants: up to 25Format: Classroom teaching and practical exercises

Training of commune-level communicators on facilitation of small group discussions/community events

This training is designed for commune-level communicators such as animal health workers, public health providers and officers of the commune Women’s Union chapter. The focus of the training is on preparing these personnel to conduct BCC activities with identified target groups. Depending on the expected BCC activities following the training, the course can either focus on facilitation of small group discussions and clubs for people with common interests, or organizing and facilitating public community events such as local performances and concerts with a focus on communicating BCC messages.

After completing the training, trainees will be able to lead small group discussions with 10-15 participants per session, focused on key identified behaviors, applying an interactive approach. Trainees are able to organize and facilitate a community event, including preparation of drama performances or similar activities to communicate key identified behaviors to a local community followed by discussion, applying an interactive approach.


• Guidelines for small group discussions.

• Cue cards on specific behaviors and target groups.

• Guide for organization of community events.

• Drama scripts for a community event.• Questions and answers for community

discussions.

Duration: 3 daysNumber of trainers: 2Number of participants: up to 25Format: Classroom teaching and practical exercises

Recommended citation: David Payne, Hoang Bich Thuy, Pham Anh Tuan, Vo Ngan Giang & Michel L. Bunning, June 2013. Training Courses and materials developed by USAID’S Avian and Pandemic Influenza Initiative in Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam: Abt Associates Inc. Unless otherwise noted, all photographs are property of USAID. Disclaimer: The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

The United States Agency for International Development’s Avian and Pandemic Influenza Initiative (USAID/APII), implemented in Vietnam by Abt Associates since 2009, strengthens the capacity of the Government of Vietnam and its counterparts to identify, prevent, and control outbreaks of avian influenza and other emerging infectious and zoonotic diseases in humans and animals.

USAID/APII has developed practical, effective and affordable models for bio-security improvements in poultry farms, slaughtering facilities and markets; field animal health worker training; enhanced infection control in healthcare facilities; pandemic preparedness planning; behavior change communications; and surveillance of human and animal diseases. Provinces and other local partners throughout the country are now adopting these models.

More information about the project is available at:USAID’s Avian and Pandemic Influenza Initiative2nd Floor, 72 Xuan Dieu, Tay Ho, Hanoi, Vietnam. Tel: (+84.4) 3 7193139Fax: (+84.4) 3 7182531Website: http://www.fluvietnam.com/

Copies of the training curricula, manuals and other supporting materials are available on the project website



Documents

Training'courses'and'materials'developed' …abtassociates.com/AbtAssociates/files/a1/a1815b7f-4753-4d48-93ea...Development’s Avian and Pandemic Inﬂuenza Initiative (USAID/APII)