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TRAMILTRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE USE OF MEDICINAL
PLANTS IN CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
TRAMILpartly suported by
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME UNEP& GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY GEF
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
A region of strong biological and cultural diversityA region of strong biological and cultural diversity
With high floristic diversity and unique concentrations of With high floristic diversity and unique concentrations of
plant species plant species
A mosaic of traditional knowledge about medicinal plants A mosaic of traditional knowledge about medicinal plants
from African, European, and Indigenous cultures from African, European, and Indigenous cultures
Threatened by loss of cultural systems and conversion Threatened by loss of cultural systems and conversion
of local agricultural and forest ecosystemsof local agricultural and forest ecosystems
BackgroundBackground
An applied research programme about An applied research programme about traditional popular medicine of the Caribbean traditional popular medicine of the Caribbean basin that started in 1982 in Haiti and the basin that started in 1982 in Haiti and the Dominican RepublicDominican Republic
Based on ethnopharmacological surveys all Based on ethnopharmacological surveys all over the Caribbean basin and Central Americaover the Caribbean basin and Central America
Followed by a collective validation process by Followed by a collective validation process by members of the TRAMIL network (regional and members of the TRAMIL network (regional and international specialists in the fields of international specialists in the fields of ethnobotany, pharmacy, medicine and social ethnobotany, pharmacy, medicine and social fieldwork) at the occasion of periodic scientific fieldwork) at the occasion of periodic scientific workshopsworkshops
With a feed-back of the information to the With a feed-back of the information to the scientific community and to the local communities scientific community and to the local communities in order to promote health education programs in in order to promote health education programs in the areathe area
What is the TRAMIL Program ?What is the TRAMIL Program ?
TRAMIL TARGET GROUP
TRAMIL ELECTRONICCONFERENCE
PROGRAM COMPONENTS
Conservation
EthnobotanyPhytochemistryPharmacologyToxicologyPre-Clinic
Universities CommunitiesHealth workersHealth Programs
Homegardens Botanic GardensDomestication
RESEARCH
capacity building
Networking
NationalRegional
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
SOME SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT TO TRAMILUniversity of Antilles / Guyane - GuadeloupeAutonomous University of Santo Domingo - Dominican RepublicCentral University of VenezuelaUniversity of Antioquía (Medellin) - ColombiaUniversities of Haití, Panamá, Costa Rica, HondurasUniversity of San Carlos - GuatemalaState University of Campinas, São Paulo - BrasilNational Autonomous University of León - NicaraguaMinistry of Health and Health Faculty - CubaBotanical Garden Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso – Dominican RepublicScientific Research Center of Yucatán - Mérida, México
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
Goals and objectives of TRAMIL (2002 - 2005)Goals and objectives of TRAMIL (2002 - 2005) Scientific validation of traditional health practices Scientific validation of traditional health practices
based on criteria for safety and efficacy based on criteria for safety and efficacy
Assessment of the conservation status and Assessment of the conservation status and
development of development of in-situin-situ and and ex-situex-situ management management
strategies for medicinal plants in selected sites of the strategies for medicinal plants in selected sites of the
Caribbean BasinCaribbean Basin
Contribution to the development of national health Contribution to the development of national health
and education policies, and primary healthcare and education policies, and primary healthcare
delivery that integrates safe and effective traditional delivery that integrates safe and effective traditional
remedies remedies
SCIENTIFIC WORSHOPS: for example: TRAMIL 10CLAYTON, Canal ZonePANAMA, March 2001
IMPACTFac. Med. Dr. S. Allende, Pharmacology, Habana, Cuba.RESEARCH: for example:
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED OUTPUTS OF THE TRAMIL PROGRAMOUTPUTS OF THE TRAMIL PROGRAM
- Incorporation of the Caribbean Pharmacopoeia in primary - Incorporation of the Caribbean Pharmacopoeia in primary healthcare programs. Preparation of updated healthcare programs. Preparation of updated EnglishEnglish, Spanish , Spanish and French versions of the documentand French versions of the document
- Dissemination of information through community education - Dissemination of information through community education and public awareness programs using radio, didactic manuals, and public awareness programs using radio, didactic manuals, newspapers, video, posters, electronic forum and Web pagesnewspapers, video, posters, electronic forum and Web pages
- Evaluation of the legal status of traditional remedies in national - Evaluation of the legal status of traditional remedies in national health systems and promotion of national legislation to protect health systems and promotion of national legislation to protect biodiversity property rightsbiodiversity property rights
Ethnobotanical inventories
TREATMENTS USED FOR: (local name of the problem) · Illness description: · First treatments (the last time the problem has come out): ___ traditional plants ___ healer ___ medical officer ___ witch doctor · Description and way of preparation of the remedy: . Etc...
TRAMIL survey particularitiesTRAMIL survey particularities
TRAMIL analysis system does not rest only on the qualitative, but also on the quantitative approach. The primary tool of the analysis is participative ethnopharmacological survey. Its starting point is not in the plants but in the health symptoms or problems.
Colombia Costa RicaCubaGuadalupeGuatemala
Guyana Francesa Honduras
HaitíNicaraguaPanamá República Dominicana
TRAMIL (TRIGS) scientific work has taken place in the following Caribbean countries :
139 specific biological tests had been realized up to 2003 218 specific biological tests are currently being realized
from 2004 to 2005
ESPECIE USOS SIGNIF. TR TRIG SOLICITADO A
TRIG Tipo de ensayo
Parte usada Modo de Preparacion
Acalypha arvensis Poepp. & Endl. CIFLORPAN,Pa fitoqu’mica (con derivados cianogenˇticos post decocci—n)
hoja decocci—n
Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm.
gripe: flor, decocci—n, v’a oral
ISCM-H, Cu (plan B)
antipiretica oral flor decocci—n
Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm.
gripe: flor, decocci—n, v’a oral
ISCM-H, Cu (plan B)
antitusiva oral flor decocci—n
Alternanthera tenella Colla CIFLORPAN,Pa fitoqu’mica hojaAllium schoenoprasum L. asma: bulbos tostados,
machacado, infusi—n, v’a oral
LEBI,CR broncodilatadora (antiasm‡tica)
oral bulbos tostados-machacados-infusi—n
infusion
Allium schoenoprasum L. asma: bulbos tostados, machacado, infusi—n, v’a oral
LEBI,CR toxicidad cr—nica oral bulbos tostados-machacados-
infusion
Anacardium occidentale L. diarrea CIFLORPAN,Pa antibacteriano Gram Neg
in vitro corteza jugo del fruto maduro fresco (pednculo engrosado)
Annona reticulata L. diarrea, dolores abdominales y flatulencias:
LEBI,CR tr‡nsito intestinal oral hoja decocci—n
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.=C. bicolor DC.
dolor de muelas: hoja, decocción, vía oral
Inst. Biologia, U. Campinas, Br
analgˇsico oral hoja decocci—n
Cardiospermum halicacabum L. dermatosis pruriginosas: hoja, machacada, en ba–os
CICY, Me distribuci—n geogr‡fica
Cordia dentata Poir. = alba gripe: flor, decocci—n, v’a oral
U. Cartagena/Co fitoqu’mica y analisis proximal
flor
Haematoxylum campechianum L. torcedura, traumatismo: hoja, zumo con sal, v’a oral
Inst. Biologia, U. Campinas, Br
antiinflamatoria oral hoja natural
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
THE USE OF SAFE AND EFFECTIVE MEDICINAL THE USE OF SAFE AND EFFECTIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS IN PRIMARY HEALTH CAREPLANTS IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
Conclusions of the consultative process between the Conclusions of the consultative process between the TRAMIL Network and Health Officials / Rectors from Central TRAMIL Network and Health Officials / Rectors from Central
America, Cuba and the Dominican RepublicAmerica, Cuba and the Dominican Republic
Workshop held in Panama City, January 1999 Workshop held in Panama City, January 1999
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
Collaboration between the Health Ministers, the Universities and the Health Collaboration between the Health Ministers, the Universities and the Health related NGOs in order to promote Health Policies for Regulation and adequate related NGOs in order to promote Health Policies for Regulation and adequate Use of Medicinal Plants Use of Medicinal Plants
Development of Joints Programs and Actions for the Use of safe and effective Development of Joints Programs and Actions for the Use of safe and effective Medicinal Plants in support of Primary HealthcareMedicinal Plants in support of Primary Healthcare
Case studies to evaluate acceptance of recommended remedies by doctors and Case studies to evaluate acceptance of recommended remedies by doctors and other health practitionersother health practitioners
Provision of multidisciplinary training and curriculum development in health Provision of multidisciplinary training and curriculum development in health science programmesscience programmes
Collaboration between the Health Ministers, the Universities and the Health Collaboration between the Health Ministers, the Universities and the Health related NGOs in order to promote Health Policies for Regulation and adequate related NGOs in order to promote Health Policies for Regulation and adequate Use of Medicinal Plants Use of Medicinal Plants
Development of Joints Programs and Actions for the Use of safe and effective Development of Joints Programs and Actions for the Use of safe and effective Medicinal Plants in support of Primary HealthcareMedicinal Plants in support of Primary Healthcare
Case studies to evaluate acceptance of recommended remedies by doctors and Case studies to evaluate acceptance of recommended remedies by doctors and other health practitionersother health practitioners
Provision of multidisciplinary training and curriculum development in health Provision of multidisciplinary training and curriculum development in health science programmesscience programmes
AN ENGLISH VERSION IS NOT AVAILABLE LACK ON FINANCIAL RESOURCES
SPANISH SECOND
EDITION IN PROCESS
IMPACTSetting technical guides for the culture of Caribbean medicinal plants
Local communities participating in the project
Traditional Knowledge andconservation of Medicinal plants in Honduras, Panama,Nicaragua andDominican Republic
Community Gardens of MP With Participation of the Ministry
of Health in Panama and localCommunities in Colon, Panama
IMPACTS
EDUCATION MATERIAL FOR THE DISSEMINATION COMPONENT
CAPACITY BUILDING IN GUATEMALACAPACITY BUILDING IN GUATEMALA
Training in herbarium techniques
Identification of species in-situ.
Scientific validation
Résumé de Résumé de la démarche la démarche scientifique scientifique
TRAMILTRAMIL
Politiques de SSP
Ministères de la SantéFacultés médecine, pharmacie
scientifique directe
Soins de santé primaire
ONGséducation pour la santé
adaptations culturellepour difusion populaire
Diffusion & Formation
Publications(Pharmacopée végétale,
revues scientifiques & Internet)
Comité éditorial
pour usages REC & TOXélaboration de monographies pré-finales
Conventions, financement,réalisation des travaux(toxicité et validation)
identification des labos compétents
pour usages INVdétermination recherches nécessaires
Classification de chaque usage
Atelier scientifique TRAMIL
Monographie préliminaire
Documentation scientifique
Enquête ethnopharmacologique
SOMEANSWERS
TO
F A Q
TRAMIL PROGRAM: enda-caribbean/UAG
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
TRAMIL is TRAMIL is notnot::
...only scientific research
...self sustainable at present
...a profit making program
...related to any international pharmaceutical company
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
TRAMIL is TRAMIL is notnot::
...exhaustive (it only deals with the most common health problems)
...limited to any particular ethnic group
…expandable out of a uniform regional ecological context
…ethnomedicine or ethnobotany (but applied ethnopharmacology)
L. GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU & S. LAGOS-WITTE
The TRAMIL ProgramThe TRAMIL Program
TRAMIL is TRAMIL is notnot dealing with: dealing with:
…the preparation of an analytic vegetal pharmacopoeia properly speaking.
…solutions for very serious and complex health problems
…taking advantage of the knowledge of traditional healers
…industrial production
…new medicines (new drugs)
…identification of active molecules
ALTHOUGH TRAMIL IS POPULAR, IT IS ALSO SCIENTIFIC
ALTHOUGH TRAMIL IS SCIENTIFIC, IT IS ALSO POPULAR
CONTACTS
PROGRAMME TRAMIL/enda-caribe/UAG
Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie végétales
Dép. de Biologie - UFR SEN BP 592, 97159 Pointe à Pitre
(FWI) GUADELOUPE&
Internet: www.funredes.org/endacaribe/traducciones/tramil.html
apdo 3370SANTO DOMINGO
e.mails: <[email protected]><[email protected]>