Transboundary Air Pollution Plan of Islamic Republic of Iran Presented by Vahid Esfahanian Vehicle, Fuel and Environment Research Institute

Transboundary Transboundary Air Pollution Plan Air Pollution Plan oof f

Islamic Republic Islamic Republic oof Iranf IranPresented

by

Vahid EsfahanianVehicle, Fuel and Environment Research Institute

OutlineOutline

• Introduction

• Monitoring Plan

• Plan for Emission Inventory

• Plan for air pollution Modeling

• Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran

IntroductionIntroduction• The prediction and management of air quality is

gaining increasing importance around the world. • The present situation in Asia is that air pollution

problems associated with long rang transport of pollutants

• The issue of spatial scale for air pollution management has become more important as scientists and policy makers realize that current management programs operating within human-designated jurisdictions may not be large enough.

Monitoring PlanMonitoring Plan

• Existing station

• New stations

Monitoring PlanMonitoring Plan …. ….• Existing station

Name: Chamsari Area: one Hectar Location: 40 km at the

south of Ilam, near the common border of Iran-Iraq

Geographical location:

E 03 47

Monitoring Plan ….Monitoring Plan ….

• Existing station ….

The recording pollutants are:

CO

NO2

SO2

PM10

Monitoring Plan ….Monitoring Plan ….• Existing station ….

Another air pollutants of interest from the stand point of long range transport are:

Ozone (O3)

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)

At the second step if there is enough fund toxic air pollutants should be recorded in Chamsari station.

Heavy metals like mercury and lead Manmade chemicals like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) Polycyclic organic matter (POM) Pesticides like dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT)

Monitoring Plan ….Monitoring Plan ….• New stations

Vast surface area of Iran (1648198 km2)

Pollutants transported over Iran from Europe and west Asia toward

south Asia

Due to geographical situation of Iran and propinquity to neighboring

countries including Iraq and central Asia states, where the

concentration of pollutants is high

Iran needs some new stations to well monitor the inflow and outflow of air pollutants.

Monitoring Plan ….Monitoring Plan ….• New stations ….

Another important issue in transboundary air pollution is meteorological parameter Wind speed

Wind direction

The north, north-west and west of Iran are the locations where the air pollutants flow toward Iran

The north east of Iran is the location where air pollutant flow out of Iran

In other boundaries including south and south-east boundaries the intensity of flow is not much strong

Monitoring Plan ….Monitoring Plan ….

• New stations ….

The more stations should be established in boundaries where the intensity of inflow and

outflow is high.

Plan for Emission InventoryPlan for Emission Inventory

• Three main categories of air pollution sources are:

Mobile Sources

Point Sources

Area Sources

Plan for Emission Inventory …Plan for Emission Inventory …• Mobile Sources • Point Sources

• Area Sources

Road Traffic

Rail Traffic

River Traffic

Aircraft

Large Industrial Processes

Small Industrial Processes

Large Boiler Plant

Gas Combustion (domestic and commercial)

Oil Fuel Combustion (domestic and commercial)

Coal Combustion (domestic and commercial)

Agriculture and Nature

Other

Plan for Emission Inventory …Plan for Emission Inventory …

• Iran should establish some station all over

Iran and

• Implement some project

To obtain reliable statistics of emission inventory

Plan for air pollution ModelingPlan for air pollution Modeling• An air quality model can predict the concentrations of

pollutants

• Air quality models can determine the origins of pollutants

• Models can be used to predict the future concentration of a

particular pollutant after the implementation of a new pollution

control program

• In general all of models require two types of data: Information about the source being modeled, including the

pollutant emission rate

Information about the dispersing characteristics of the meteorology

surrounding the source, such as wind speed and direction.

Plan for air pollution Modeling …Plan for air pollution Modeling …

DOE of Iran joint with Vehicle, Fuel and Environmental Research Institute (VFERI) of university of Tehran are implementing the air pollution models over Iran.

and

hopefully in future for other regions

Preliminary design of an air quality Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehrannetwork for Tehran

• Existing stations in Tehran

Azadi

Pardisan

HesarVila

Tajrish

Gholhak

Bahman

X (UTM)

Y(U

TM

)

510000 520000 530000 540000 550000

3.94E+06

3.945E+06

3.95E+06

3.955E+06

3.96E+06

3.965E+06

Preliminary design of an air quality Preliminary design of an air quality network for Tehran ….network for Tehran ….

• Basic parameters for air quality network design

Population

Air quality standards for network design

Data correlation of existing stations


Number of stations for Tehran= 8 millions×6.4~51

Network Approx. No. of stations

Population (millions)

Stations per million POP.

New Zealand 10-15 3.5 3-4

Victoria 25 5 5

New South Wales 50 6 8

Western Australia 20 1.7 12

Queensland 28 3.2 9

Cyprus 12 1.8 7

United States 3535 250 14

Canada 78 27 3

United Kingdom 280 60 5


• Air quality standards for network design

Site Scale Typical Area

Dense

10’s of meters to 0.5 km

Commercial areas

Industrial areas

Neighborhood

0.5 to 10’s of kilometers

Residential or suburban areas

Smaller urban centers


• Air quality standards for network design

Neighborhood scale

Dense scale


• Data correlation of existing stations

Correlation of CO data for Tehran stations using Vila station as a central station


Thank YouThank You

Documents

Transboundary Air Pollution Plan of Islamic Republic of Iran Presented by Vahid Esfahanian Vehicle, Fuel and Environment Research Institute