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Transforming Communities Through Urban Acupuncture:A Conversation with Jaime Lerner and Hillary Brown
Moderated by James Russell - September 25, 2014
Register for Security and Sustainability Forum Webinars online at:
www.ssfonline.org
1
Jaime LernerFounder
Jaime Lerner Associated Architects
James RussellAdjunct Professor
City College of New York
Hillary BrownFounding Principal
New Civic Works
2
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Agenda
Introductions and Overview: James Russell
Panel Briefings Jaime Lerner, Jaime Lerner Associated Architects Hillary Brown, New Civic Works
Panel Discussion Audience Questions (submit through side panel)
(Please take the brief exit survey)
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Moderator5
James Russell is an adjunct professor at the Spitzer School of Architecture at the City College of New York. An architecture critic, journalist, and consultant, he comments on WNYC public radio Morning Edition and All Things Considered. Mr. Russell is a leading advocate of low-tech and low-cost strategies for buildings and communities for achieving dramatic reductions in global-warming effects. His book, The Agile City: Building Well Being and Wealth in an Era of Climate Change, details urban retrofitting strategies and approaches to carbon-reduction, transportation planning, water delivery, and more - to simultaneously slash long-term costs and prepare urban areas for climate change impacts.
Meet the Panelists
Jaime Lerner is a renowned architect and planner who served three terms as mayor of Curitiba, Brazil and two terms as governor of the State of Paraná. As a pioneering architect and urbanist, Lerner transformed his city into a global model of the sustainable and livable community. Jaime has won numerous international awards, including the United Nations Environmental Award in 1990, and was nominated as one of Time magazine's 25 most influential thinkers in the world in 2010. Lerner is Founder of Jaime Lerner Associated Architects and author of the upcoming book Urban Acupuncture from Island Press, described as required reading for all students of city planning and for anyone who wants to make a difference in their city.
Hillary Brown is founding principal of New Civic Works, which assists government agencies, universities, and institutional clients in integrating high performance design practices into their building and infrastructure development programs. Ms. Brown served on the national Board of Directors for the U.S. Green Building Council and is on the Board of its New York Chapter. Her new book, Next Generation Infrastructure, advocates system-level thinking to replacing America's aging infrastructure, where architects, engineers, urban planners, and public officials adapt holistic approaches to make smarter decisions about revamping outdated infrastructure.
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“SUSTAINABLE CITIES”August 2014
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OTTO, THE AUTOMOBILE
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ACCORDION, THE FRIENDLY BUS
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DESIGN OF THE CITIES...
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URBAN STRUCTURE OF CURITIBA
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STRUCTURAL AXIS
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Via rápida
Via rápida Canaleta do transporte
STRUCTURAL AXIS
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BUSWAY
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MOBILITY
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EVOLUTION OF THE INTEGRATED TRANSIT NETWORK
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TO METRONIZE THE BUS...
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“SMART” SUBWAY
“SMART” BUS
“SMART” TAXI
INDIVIDUAL TRANSPORT WITHOUT PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
VELIB
DOCKDOCK
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“DOCKDOCK”
1,5
m
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“DOCKDOCK”
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“DOCKDOCK”
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“DOCKDOCK”
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TRANSPORTATION NETWORK RIO DE JANEIRO
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“METRO ON THE SURFACE” – RIO DE JANEIRO
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“METRO ON THE SURFACE” – RIO DE JANEIRO
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THE SUSTAINABLE CITY
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BARIGÜI PARK
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OPEN UNIVERSITY FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
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THE BOTANICAL GARDEN
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THE WIRE OPERA
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THE WIRE OPERA
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TANGUÁ PARK
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“LIXO QUE NÃO É LIXO”
CÂMBIO VERDE
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IDENTITY AND
SOCIODIVERSITY
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PAIOL THEATRE
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HISTORIC DISTRICT
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RUA DAS FLORES
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CITY OF CURITIBA HERITAGE LANDMARK
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CITY OF CURITIBA
HERITAGE LANDMARK
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TINGÜI PARK
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POLISH PARK
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JAPAN’S SQUARE
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GERMAN PARK
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URBAN ACUPUNCTURESWORLDWIDE EXAMPLES
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URBAN ACUPUNCTURESJAIME LERNER ARQUITETOS ASSOCIADOS
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RIO DE JANEIRO
BOSSA NOVA PARK
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EXPOSIÇÕES
AUDITÓRIOS
23° BATALHÃO
RIO DE JANEIRO
BOSSA NOVA PARK
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SANTIAGO DE LOS CABALLEROSCENTRAL PARK
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SANTIAGO DE LOS CABALLEROSCENTRAL PARK
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SANTIAGO DE LOS CABALLEROSCENTRAL PARK
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MAZATLÁNPLAN GENERAL
Plaza de Agua
Receptivo de Playa y WaterfrontHotel del Cerro
Calle Oficio - Cerro
Parque Central
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MAZATLÁN
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MAZATLÁN
Hotel del Cerro
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MAZATLÁNHotel del Cerro
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LUANDA, ANGOLA
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ANGOLA
Urban Communities
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ANGOLA
Urban Communities
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ANGOLA
Urban Communities
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ANGOLA
Urban Communities
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ANGOLA
Urban Communities
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ANGOLA
Urban Communities
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CAIS MAÚA – DOCKLANDS, PORTO ALEGRE
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GUAÍBA WATERFRONT – PORTO ALEGRE
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GUAÍBA WATERFRONT – PORTO ALEGRE
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GUAÍBA WATERFRONT – PORTO ALEGRE
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Museu da Pessoa
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MUSEUM OF THE INDIVIDUAL
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MUSEUM OF THE INDIVIDUAL
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ART AND SCIENCE FOR EDUCATION, SÃO PAULO
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ART AND SCIENCE FOR EDUCATION, SÃO PAULO
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SÃO PAULO
“CRACOLÂNDIA”
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“PORTABLE STREET”
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PORTABLE STREET
BUS SHELTER - NEWSTAND
WORKING STATION
HOTEL
LIVING – WORKING STATION
DOCKDOCK
LIVING – WORKING - MOVING
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RUAS PORTÁTEIS
LAPA - RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL
“PORTABLE STREET”
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“PORTABLE STREET”
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“PORTABLE STREET”
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WORLD NATURE GAMES
STATE OF PARANÁ, 1997
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THE CULTURAL CONVOY
Webinar with Jaime Lerner:
Transforming Communities
Through Urban Architecture
“Future-proofing” Infrastructure
for Sustainable Cities
Hillary Brown, FAIA
author, Next Generation Infrastructure
SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM
Infrastructure renewal as national imperative
Crisis creates opportunity
Level of investments needed:
• “D+” from the American
Society of Civil Engineers,
2013
• $ 3.6 trillion over 6 years to
get to ‘good repair’
• US: < 1% GDP
• Europe: 2% GDP
• India : 8% GDP
• China: 9% GDP
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure VERGE NEXT GEN CITIES September 16, 2014
Urban infrastructure - national and global perspectives
21st century challenges to conventional infrastructure planning
and design
• Increased service demands from rapid urbanization
• Global imperatives for ecological and carbon footprint
reduction
• Increased challenges in siting facilities in urbanized areas
• Increased risk to structures from a destabilizing climate
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Integration needed across complex urban systems
Infrastructure design
• control by the various
regulatory and
operating regimes of
energy, water, waste,
transportation
• siloed thinking: single-
purpose solutions
proffered by engineers
New habits of mind
• Recognize vital interdependencies
of energy, water, waste, IT and
transport systems
• Transition from “silo” separation
(bureaucratic fragmentation) to
integration
• Create opportunities for system
synergies
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Forest eco-system
•
•
New paradigms for infrastructure
“Infrastructural ecologies”
• Consider opportunistic relationships:
technologies can be aligned and
integrated synergistically
• Parallel nature’s self-organized
‘ecosystems services’
o water purification, waste digestion,
biomass product ion, etc.
• Organize collectively and
cooperatively, i.e. eco-
logically
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
New paradigms for infrastructure
“beneficial exchanges
across multiple sectors to
reduce collective system
costs, improve
performance and reduce
environmental and social
impacts.”
• Foster system synergies by
proactive colocation in
order to capitalize on
adjacent or local land-
uses, natural systems or
resources
“Infrastructural Ecology”
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
New paradigms for infrastructure – 5 Principles
Public works and utilities that are …
• “MULTIFACETED” - multipurpose, interconnected and
synergistic
• “COMMUNITY-FRIENDLY”- improve social contexts and serve
local constituencies
• “SOFT PATH”- work with passive, natural processes
• “LOW CARBON”- reduce greenhouse gas emissions
• “ADAPTED”- resilient and responsive to dynamic conditions of
a climate in flux
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
multimodal + utilities transport Enneüs Heerma Bridge Ijberg, Amsterdam
civic plaza + sewage treatment plantForum/Besos Wastewater Treatment Plant, Barcelona, Spain
Multipurpose, interconnected synergistic infrastructure
World Architecture Map
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Multimodal transit + public park + mixed-use developmentTransbay Transit Center San Francisco, CA
Multipurpose, interconnected synergistic infrastructure
Rendering: Pelli, Clarke, Pelli Architects. Courtesy Transbay Joint Powers Authority
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Courtesy UK National Archives
Networked utilities (closed loop cycling of energy and
matter) Hammarby Sjöstad, Stockholm, Sweden
Multipurpose, interconnected synergistic infrastructure
Graphic: Hillary Brown
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Justification for infrastructure ecology
Multipurpose, interconnected, synergistic infrastructure
Σ= SO + ES + OS + RC + RE + RD + PA + EB+ RE
METRICS
SO Site optimization
ES Economies of scale
OS Operational savings
RC Resource Conservation
RE Reduced environmental impact
RD Reduced disruption
PA Public amenity /community
…….benefit
EB Job creation/new revenue
RE Resiliency
Benefits/Cost savings• Optimized land use $
• Economies of scale $
• Eliminated redundancies in
maintenance and operations $
• Synergistic cascading of energy
and/or resources $
• Reduced environmental
impact/resource conservation
• Reduced construction disruption
• Community benefits
• Job creation and new tax revenue
• Increase resiliency
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Ecorium (“museum of garbage”)+ CHP + waste heat
reuse Naka Waste-to- Energy Plant Hiroshima, Japan
Community-friendly
Images Courtesy Kensaku Nishida, Ken Mabuchi
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Low profile/low impact organic waste sorting center +
combined heat and power facility
Isséane: Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
Community-friendly
Courtesy Georges Gonon-Guillermas / Dubosc &
Landowski, Architectes
Graphic: Hillary Brown
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Waste transfer station +recycling center + education facility 27th Avenue Waste Transfer Station and Recycling Center, Phoenix, Arizona
Community-friendly facility
Images © Michael Singer Studio, photo: David Stansbury
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Amager Bakke plant Copenhagen, Denmark
Waste to Heat + Energy as Ski Slope
Community-friendly
Courtesy Bjarke Ingels Group
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Multiuse public waterfront park+ wastewater treatment plant
Sherbourne Common, Toronto Waterfront, Toronto Canada
Images courtesy of Waterfront Toronto Shai Gil, Courtesy Teeple Architects
Courtesy Waterfront Toronto
“Soft-path” solution
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Driving range/public facilities/ water filtration treatment plant Croton Water Filtration Plant Bronx, New York
Courtesy Grimshaw
“Soft-path” solution
Courtesy Grimshaw
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Graphic: Hillary Brown
Biogas recovered from organic waste and wastewaterLille Métropole Organic Waste Recovery Center and Transfer Center, Lille, France
Carbon-reducing (green heat and power)
Courtesy ADEME & Vous
Graphic: Hillary Brown
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Graphic: Hillary Brown
Excess wind energy stored as hydrogen for district
heating and cooling Lolland Hydrogen Community, Vestenskov, Lolland, Denmark
Carbon-reducing (green heat and power)
Graphic: Hillary Brown
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Tidal Barrage/ freshwater reservoir/visitors center Marina Barrage and Visitors Center, Singapore
Courtesy CDM Smith
Courtesy CDM
Climate-adapted: responses to sea level rise, storm surge
Courtesy: Korea Water Resources
Tidal Barrage + tidal power plant + visitors center + highway Sihwa Lake, Banwol Bay, Korea
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Solar desalination plant + civic amphitheater “Teatro del Agua” – Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
Climate-adapted: responses to water scarcity/stress
Courtesy Grimshaw
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
leadership for future-proofing infrastructure
“Think systematically; experiment
locally”• Promote integrative planning across multiple
agencies/jurisdictions
• Develop outcome-oriented criteria
(award/allocation formulas) aligned with 5
principles
• Create interdisciplinary design teams
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
LOCAL COMMUNITY
GAS
PURIFICATION
COMMUNITY
PARK
LOCAL
URBAN
AGRICULTURE
FOOD
PROCESSING
FACILITIES
RE-FUELING
STATION
LANDFILL
ANAEROBIC
BIO-DIGESTER
WASTE
SORTING
FACILITY
WASTE-TO-
ENERGY
PLANT
ECO-INDUSTRIAL
PARK
WASTEWATER
TREATMENT
PLANT biogas
biogas gas
he
at
foo
d
ga
s
combustible MSW
fertilizer
organic waste
clinker
ga
s
ga
s
methane
decommission
ele
ctr
icity
org
anic
waste
slu
dg
e
jobs LEGEND
ENERGY
BIOGAS
ORGANICS
WASTE MATERIAL
Integration of multiple urban systems - an imagined network
Hillary Brown: Future-Proofing Infrastructure SECURITY & SUSTAINABILITY FORUM September 25, 2014
Panel Discussion
How does the issue of governance, especially at the local level, play into Urban Acupuncture?
How do advanced approaches of design thinking, that incorporate environmental and social aspects, play into mutually beneficial, closed-loop urban planning?
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Audience Questions
Jaime Lerner is the Founder of Jaime Lerner Associated Architects and author of Urban Acupuncture.
Hillary Brown is founding principal of New Civic Works and author of Next Generation Infrastructure.
James Russell is Adjunct Professor at the Spitzer School of Architecture at the City College of New York and author of The Agile City: Building Well Being and Wealth in an Era of Climate Change.
114
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or
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116
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October 2 - The Case for New Climate Change Metrics