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TRANSITION ELEMENTS
Section 3
What we’ll learn?
• Identify properties of some transition elements.• Distinguish lanthanides from actinides.
Why it’s important?
Transition elements provide the materials for many things including electricity in your home and steel for construction.
Vocabulary:
• Catalyst• Lanthanide• Actinide• Synthetic element
• Groups 3-12• Metals• Combined with their elements in Ores (rocks that
contain minerals such as gemstone or metals)
Transition Elements
IRON TRIAD
• 3 elements : -iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni)-similar properties
USES:
• Magnetic Properties- Industrial magnets from cobalt & nickel
• Nickel + Cadmium = batteries• Iron (Fe) – part of HEMOGLOBIN (substance
that transport oxygen in the blood)
• Iron (Fe)- mixed with other metals & carbon to create steels (bridges, skyscrapers, buildings)
USES OF TRANSITION ELEMENTS• Tungsten (W)- -filaments in light bulb- highest melting point• Mercury (Hg)- Thermometers- Liquid @ room temp.- Lowest melting point- Poisonous to living things
• Chromium ( Ch)- “chroma” (color)- Brilliant colors
Platinum Group (similar properties)Ruthenium( Ru), Rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd),
osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), platinum( Pt)- don’t combine easily with other elements- Used as catalyst (a substance that can make
something happen faster)- Used as plastics, medicines
INNER TRANSITION ELEMENTSa. Lanthanide ( Cerium-Lutetium)
b. Actinide ( Thorium- Lawrencium)
Lanthanide:
• Rare elements• Found with O2• Soft metals• Hard to separateUses:Cerium –Misch metal (lighter)
Actinide
• Radioactive-Uranium (U) found in earth’s crust
Synthetic Elements (man- made)
• Plutonium( Pu)– as fuel in nuclear power plants.• Americium (Am)- smoke detectors• Californium 252 (Cf)- kill cancer cells
Dental Materials:
• Amalgam- fill in cavities (silver filling)(mixture of Copper (Cu), Tin (Sn), mercury (Hg)• Braces (wire)- nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti) alloy