transmission of virus in dental office

7/29/2019 transmission of virus in dental office

1/20

TRANSMISSION OF VIRUS

IN DENTAL OFFICE


2/20

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

TYPES OF VIRUS- GENERALCLASSSIFICATION

COMMOMNLY TRANSMITTED VIRUS INDENTAL OFFICE

MODES OF TRANMISSION

STANDARD PRECAUTION

NOTE: FIRST AID IN CASE OF EXPOSURE

CONCLUSION


3/20

INTRODUCTION

About virus:

A virus is a small infectious agent that can

replicate only inside the living cells of anorganism.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogen


4/20

TYPES OF VIRUS

General Classification

Based on the genetic material within virusparticles, and the method by which the

material is replicated1. DNA Viruses

Example: herpes virales

2. RNA Viruses Example: Influenza, SARS, Hepatitis C

3. Reverse Transcribing Viruses Example: HIV, Hepatitis B


5/20

COMMOMNLY TRANSMITTED

VIRUS IN DENTAL OFFICE Hepatitis Viruses

Hepatitis : B,C, D ( HBV is more common)

HIV

Herpes Viruses Herpes simplex virus- 1,2

Respiratory Viral Infections Caused mainly due to :

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Influenza A,B

Adenovirus


6/20

PRIMARY MODES

OF TRANSMISSION Direct contact:

Touching or contactwith the patients

blood or other body

fluids


7/20

Indirect contact:

Touching or contact

with a contaminatedsurface or instrument


8/20

Parenteral

transmission:Needle stick injuries,

human bites,

cuts,abrasions,

or any break in the skin
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_n8JWTasNsaY/SYWLzse3L8I/AAAAAAAAAHw/bfMv_ZrSL2U/s1600-h/Picture8.jpg


9/20

Airborne

Transmission

Can cause infection thatoccurs through mucosalsurfaces of the eyes,nose, or mouth

During coughs orsneezes

Aerosols, sprays, andspatterthat are generatedduring dental treatment


10/20

STANDARD PRECAUTIONS

Wash hands

before and after

every patient

Wear gloves when

touching blood, bodyfluids, secretions,and

contaminated items


11/20

Wear a mask and eye protection, or a

face shield, during procedures likely togenerate splashes or sprays


12/20

Use care when handling sharps


13/20

Carefully handle contaminated patient care

items to prevent the transfer ofmicroorganisms to people or equipment


14/20

Limit aerosol contamination by

Proper patient positioning

Use of high volume evacuation

Use of rubber dam


15/20

Immunizations to be taken by DENTIST

and other health care personnel

Hepatitis B

Influenza

Measles

Mumps

Rubella

Varicella-zoster


16/20

Applying First Aid after an

Exposure Incident1 Stop operations immediately.2 Remove your gloves.

3 If the area of broken skin is bleeding, gently squeeze the site to

see a small amount of visible blood.

4 Wash your hands thoroughly, using antimicrobial soap and warm

water.

5 Dry your hands.

6Apply a small amount of antiseptic to the affected area.

Note: Do not apply caustic agents such as bleach or disinfectant solutions to thewound.

7Apply an adhesive bandage to the area.


17/20

CONCLUSION

The risk of occupationally related blood borne

viral infection from patient to dentist or vice

versa is becoming low after the

introduction of universal precautions andhepatitis B immunization by the dental

professional.

So as the saying goes

PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE


18/20

herpetic whitlow is alesion (whitlow) on afinger or thumb causedby the herpes simplexvirus. It is a painfulinfection that typicallyaffects the fingers orthumbs. Occasionallyinfection occurs on the

toes or on the nailcuticle. Herpes whitlowcan be caused byinfection by HSV-1 orHSV-2.[1] HSV-1whitlow is oftencontracted by health

care workers that comein contact with the virus;it is most commonlycontracted by dentalworkers and medicalworkers exposed to oral

secretions
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_9//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Herpeticwhitolow.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitlowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitlowhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_9//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Herpeticwhitolow.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitlowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitlow


19/20

Skin is made up of three layers. The outermost is the epidermis.This consists mainly of cells called keratinocytes, made from thetough protein keratin (also the material in hair and nails).Keratinocytes form several layers that constantly grow outwards asthe exterior cells die and flake off. It takes roughly five weeks fornewly created cells to work their way to the surface. This covering ofdead skin is known as the stratum corneum, or horny layer, and itsthickness varies considerably, being more than ten times thicker onthe soles of the feet than around the eyes. The epidermis harborsdefensive Langerhans cells, which alert the body's immune systemto viruses and other infectious agents.


20/20

THANK YOU

Documents

transmission of virus in dental office