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Milan, June 2017
Transport Infrastructure and GeosciencesResearch area of the Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Who we are
GEO/05 – APPLIED GEOLOGY
ICAR/04 – ROAD, RAILWAY AND AIRPORT
ICAR/06 – SURVEYING AND MAPPING
ICAR/22 – CADASTRAL SURVEYING
L. Scesi (PO)
M. Papini(PA)
L. Alberti(RI)
P. Gattinoni(RI)
L. Longoni(RI)
E. Toraldo(RI)
F. Fiori(RI)
M. Crispino(PO)
L. Mussio(PO)
Caruso di Spaccaforno (PA)
8 Research fellows 2 PhD students
2 Research fellows 3 PhD students
PETROGRAFIC LABORATORY
ROAD RESEARCH LABORATORY
1 PhD student
Petrographic laboratory
Point Load Strength Test
Freatimeter
Infiltrometer
Multiparametricprobe
Shape tracer
Sclerometer
Laser scanner
Road Research Laboratory
1. Laboratory tests on:- soil and aggregates- bitumen- bituminous mixtures
2. Full scale tests:- Surface Characteristics- Bearing capacity
3. Virtual reality simulations
Interuniversitarycentre of research on road safety (ROME)
Impresa Bacchi (Milan)
Soil and Aggregates
ROAD RESEARCH LABORATORY: Tests and Equipment
• Soil Consistency and Atterberg Limits• Sieve Analysis • CBR – California Bearing Ratio• Los Angeles Abrasion Test• Sand Equivalent• Proctor Compaction • CLA
Los Angeles Abrasion Test
CLA
ProctorCompaction
BitumenExamples of TRADITIONAL TESTS:• Fraass Test (⇒ T at which it tends to break rather than to flow when stress)
• Penetration test• Softening Point
Examples of ADVANCED TESTS: • Fluorescence Microscope Image Analysis• Viscosity test (rotational viscometer)• Direct Tensile test• RTFOT (Rolling Thin Film Oven Test)
ROAD RESEARCH LABORATORY: Tests and Equipment
Rotational viscosimeter
RTFOTDTT
Bituminous MixturesExamples of TRADITIONAL TESTS:• Marshall Characterization (compaction and Stability)• Indirect Tensile Strength Test
Examples of ADVANCED TESTS:• Gyratory Shear Compactor• Roller Compactor• Wheel Tracker• Fatigue• Elastic Stiffness
ROAD RESEARCH LABORATORY: Tests and Equipment
Gyratory shear compactor
Roller compactor
Elastic stiffnessFatigue testWheel tracker
Full Scale tests:Surface Characteristics
TRADITIONAL TESTS:• British Pendulum Tester• Sand Patch Method• PermeameterADVANCED TESTS: • Walking Profiler ARRB• Georadar• Densimeter
ROAD RESEARCH LABORATORY: Tests and Equipment
TRADITIONAL TESTS:• Static Plate Load Test• Benkelman Beam Test
ADVANCED TESTS: • Light Weight Drop Tester
Bearing Capacity
Brish Pendulum Tester
Profiler
Plate Load Test
•Groundwater resources management (both in alluvial and fractured-karst aquifer)•Characterization and re-use of inert quarries•Geothermal systems
NATURAL RESOURCES
• Groundwater resources depletion (both quantitative and qualitative)
• Landslides and river dynamic
• Implementation of civil engineering works (i.e. tunnels, roads, dams)
GEOLOGICAL HAZARD
The starting point is always the reconstruction of the geologicial and hydrogeological conceptual model!
Key research topics on Applied Geology
The geological conceptual model makes us “applied”
CARG – Experimental map n. 118 “Milano”
Groundwater flow modelingWELLS WITHDRAWAL
HEADS CHANGES
To assess GW resources, to characterize aquifers properties, to forecast climate change effects on GW, to optimize the resource management
In partnership with
Stochastic modeling of the groundwater flow for hazardassessment along the underground infrastructures of Milan
Interactions between groundwater and underground infrastructures
NAURU Project
To provide Nauru with new infrastructures for the groundwater exploitation and directives for its sustainable management (avoiding saltwater intrusion).
DEIB
The Gran Sasso aquifer
Delineation of protection zones for the main discharge area thought an integrated geomorphologic and chronologic approach
Water flow in rock masses
Continuum equivalent
Double continuum
Combined (discret+continuum)
Single discret network
Multiple discret networks
Continuum Discret
0
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,1
0,12
0,14
0,16
18/12/2008 28/03/2009 06/07/2009 14/10/2009 22/01/2010 02/05/2010
Flow
rate
s [m
3 /s]
Date [Days]
Q_obs Q_Modflow_Double_Porosity Q_Modflow2005
Rese
arch
gro
up o
f Hy
drau
lic E
ngin
eerin
g
Isotope and Compositional Fingerprinting for groundwater
• To create a competence center for environmental isotopic analysis• To study the biodegradation and isotopic fractionation mechanism• To detect microbiological markers
GC-MS
Cont
amin
ant f
ate
and
tran
spor
t in
grou
ndw
ater
CMIC
FINGERPRINTING project in partnership with
GC-IRMS
- Pilot plant in livestock farms- Data collecting for groundwater heat transport modeling
Geothermal HeatPump
Borehole HeatExchangers(BHE)
-Heat plume assessment- BHE modeling-GW flow influence on energy exchange
60 m
60 m
ECOZOO project in partnership with
Energy Dept.
Low enthalpy geothermal resources
• Design and implementation of experimental network of micro-seismic monitoring
• Collection and automatic analysis of data
• Effects of rainfall and frost weathering on fracturing degree and seismic signals
Micro-seismic monitoring
COD
Pressure transducers
Piezoelectric accelerometer
Thermo-couple
Climatic cell tests
Landslide hazard: rock falls
Slope stability and river dynamic interactions
Displaced volumes (Valle dei Mulini, LC)
Laser scanner ISS for monitoring the river-bank erosion
Potential erosion map (Val Rossiga, LC)
Torrioni di Rialba (LC)
-From landslide conceptual model to numerical modeling-Development of distributed models with GIS for slope erosion -Integration with hydraulic transport models-Experimental studies with new instruments
Research group of Hydraulic Engineering
Hydrogeolgoical susceptibility to landslide in Maierato (VV) after the February 2010 large
landslide
Hydrogeological susceptibility to landslides
From in situ surveyto numericalmodeling
Hydrogeological hazard on the cultural heritage
From hazard assessment to sustainable site development
Geological hazard for tunnelingFrom micro to macro characterisation of fault zones
Tunnel inflow assessment in sedimentary rock masses
SS 45Val Trebbia
Natural tunnel
Current roadway
Green area
• Design solutions for risk minimization
• Alternative routes
Hazard assessment on existing infrastructures
Research group of Road, Railway and Airport
ROAD & AIRPORT MATERIALS
ROAD SAFETY
DESIGN METHODS
ASSETS MANAGEMENT
INNOVATIVE CONSTRUCTION& MAINTENANCE TECHNIQUES
Key research topics on Road, Railway and Airport
SUN LIGHT
HarmlessSubstances
PHOTOCATALYST
POLLUTION
AIR
Multipurpose Pavements: PHOTOCATALYTIC PAVEMENTS
Photocatalytic activity test results
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
time [min]
conc
entr
atio
n [p
pb]
NO concentration
NOx concentration
NO2 concentration
Total NOx reduction
Determination of the environmental effectiveness
Increase safety in tunnel in terms of fire resistance and luminance mechanical properties during and after fire events toxic gas emissions fire resistance
Multipurpose Pavements: FIRE RESISTANT PAVEMENTS
RECYCLED MATERIALS
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the use of stabilized bottom ashes as pavement materials for foundation and base layers.
Incinerator
Bottom Ashes
Roads
R.E.S.A.
Full Scale Application – LIN AIRPORT
PERVIOUS CONCRETE PAVEMENTS
Storm water management
k=10-3 m/s
Gap-graded aggregates, no fines
Material characterization and improvement of mechanical behaviour
Applications currently limited
WITHOUT
WITH FIBERS
REINFORCED PAVEMENTS
1. Fiber reinforced cement bound materials (high tensile strength)
ITS ≥ 0.4 MPa
2. Use of geosynthetic interlayer as reinforcement
3. Polymer modified asphalt
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
0.E+00 2.E+03 4.E+03 6.E+03 8.E+03 1.E+04
Rut
Dep
th, R
D 6
0°C
[mm
]
Load Cycles (LC)
BO 3.6%
BO 4.1%
BO 4.6%
INNOVATIVE REHABILITATION OF CONCRETE SLABS
Slabs having longer service lives and reduced number of joints
LINATE AIRPORT
36R RWY Head (rigidpavement)
THERMOCOUPLES
STRAIN GAGES
h= 35 cm
10 m15 m
THERMOCOUPLES
STRAIN GAGES
h= 35 cm
10 m15 m
1- 6
13- 18
B
A
C
D
7-12
THERMOCOUPLES
STRAIN GAGES
h= 35 cm
10 m15 m
THERMOCOUPLES
STRAIN GAGES
h= 35 cm
10 m15 m
1- 6
13- 18
B
A
C
D
7-12
WIDEST single-slab worldwide!
Research group of Structural Engineering
HIGH BEARING CAPACITY AIRPORT PAVEMENTS
MALPENSA AIRPORT
Dialectic critique of data processing
It collects and newly interprets all the Survey and Mapping disciplines, and recognizes the need to extend its attention from Applied Mathematics and Physics to Human Sciences. Linguistics is the starting point, but Philosophy of Science and History of Science and Technique are also taken into account. The most important result shows a "parallelism" not only among stereo-images, 3D models and GIS' geo-database, but also among the geographic descriptive texts of landscapes, human settlements, cultural heritages, etc. so that Geomatics could meet Human Sciences.
Urban assessment - Building appraisal - Estimating
1. Economical assessment of design choices in the different design steps (feasibility study, preliminary and executive design)
2. Definition of Indexes and Indicators of Urban Quality
3. Economic consulting in environmental, urban and building field, also with reference to the valuation of extraordinary real estate and public goods.