82
TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH JHON EDISON PRIETO ORTIZ HEPATOLOGO-GASTROENTEROLOGO-INTERNISTA ORGANIZACION SANITAS CLINICA COLOMBIA CENTRO DE ENFERMEDADES HEPATICAS Y DIGESTIVAS (CEHYD) BOGOTA. COLOMBIA IX CONGRESO DE LA ASOCIACION COLOMBIANA DE HEPATOLOGIA MEDELLIN - MARZO 9-11 DE 2017

TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

  • Upload
    ngobao

  • View
    215

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO

Y VIH

JHON EDISON PRIETO ORTIZ

HEPATOLOGO-GASTROENTEROLOGO-INTERNISTA

ORGANIZACION SANITAS CLINICA COLOMBIA

CENTRO DE ENFERMEDADES HEPATICAS Y DIGESTIVAS (CEHYD)

BOGOTA. COLOMBIA

IX CONGRESO DE LA ASOCIACION

COLOMBIANA DE HEPATOLOGIA

MEDELLIN - MARZO 9-11 DE 2017

Page 2: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

TEMAS A TRATAR

• Epidemiologia

• Como se comporta la enfermedad hepatica en el paciente con VIH

• Indicacion de trasplante en VIH cuando ?

• Resultados

• Futuro con los nuevos antivirales

• Conclusiones

Page 3: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

EPIDEMIOLOGIA

Page 4: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

EPIDEMIOLOGIA DEL VIH/SIDA EN EL

MUNDO- 2015• 36,7 millones de adultos y niños con el VIH / SIDA

• 17,4 millones de mujeres.

• 3,3 millones de niños con el VIH / SIDA en todo el mundo

• 2,1 millones de personas infectadas con el VIH en ese año

• 1.1 millones de personas murieron de SIDA en ese año

• Prevalencia general del VIH estable o aumentado en algunos países (> supervivencia- tratamiento antirretroviral).

• Incidencia de nuevas infecciones disminuyó 38 % desde 2001.

• En 2013 en todo el mundo, el VIH / SIDA una de las diez principales causas de muerte (mortalidad asociada con el VIH en el África subsahariana, donde fue la principal causa).

UNAIDS. Global AIDS update, 2016. http://www.unaids.org

Joint United Nations Programme on VIH/AIDS. The Gap Report. September 2014 http://www.unaids.org.

GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240

causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2015; 385:117.

Page 5: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

EPIDEMIOLOGIA DEL VIH/SIDA EN

COLOMBIA 2015

• 150 000 personas aprox. viven con el VIH

• 140.000 adultos(> 15 años) .

• Prevalencia en adultos entre 15 y 49 años 0.5%.

• 40000 Mujeres de al menos 15 años.

• 1400 Niños de 0 a 14 años, viven con el VIH.

• 2300 Fallecimientos por sida.

• 23 000 Huérfanos por el sida de 0 a 17 años

UNAIDS. Global AIDS update, 2016. http://www.unaids.org

Joint United Nations Programme on VIH/AIDS. The Gap Report. September 2014 http://www.unaids.org.

GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2015; 385:117.

Page 6: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

COMO SE COMPORTA LA

ENFERMEDAD HEPATICA EN EL

PACIENTE CON VIH

Page 7: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

TERAPIA ANTIRETROVIRAL

• Año 1996, tratamiento antiretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA): disminuye morbilidad por procesos oportunistas y la mortalidad global de los pacientes con sida.

Mocroft A, Brettle R, Kirk O, Blaxhult A, Parkin JM, Antunes F, Francioli P, D’Arminio Monforte A, Fox Z, Lundgren JD. Changes in the cause of death among HIV positive subjects across Europe: resultsfrom the EuroSIDA study. AIDS 2002; 16: 1663-1671

Weber R, Sabin CA, Friis-Møller N, Reiss P, El-Sadr WM, Kirk O, Dabis F, Law MG, Pradier C, De WitS, Akerlund B, Calvo G, Monforte Ad, Rickenbach M, Ledergerber B, Phillips AN, Lundgren JD. Liver-related deaths in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: the D: A: D study. ArchIntern Med 2006; 166: 1632-1641

Page 8: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

EFECTOS ADVERSO DE TARGA A

LARGO PLAZO

• Toxicidad mitocondrial

• Diabetes M

• Enf cardiovascular

• Hepatotoxicidad

Weber R, Sabin CA, Friis-Moller N, Reis P, El-Sadr WM, Kirk O, et al. Liver-related deaths in persons infected

with the human immunodeficiency virus: the D:A:D study. Arch Int Med 2006;166:1632–1641.

Page 9: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

• Riesgo de muerte después del primer episodio de descompensación es más alto en los coinfectados VIH / VHC que en monoinfectados VHC. Medianas de supervivencia de 16 y 48 meses, respectivamente.

• Predictores de mortalidad : la edad , severidad de le enfermedad (MELD, CPT) y la naturaleza del evento de descompensación

• Estos pacientes deben referirse tempranamente para TX hepatico después del primer episodio de descompensación.

Pineda JA, Romero-Gomez M, Diaz-Garcia F, Giron-Gonzalez JA, Montero JL, Torre-Cisneros J, et al. VIH coinfection shortens the

survival of patients with hepatitis C virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2005;41: 779–789.

ENFERMEDAD HEPATICA Y VIH

Page 10: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

ENFERMEDAD HEPATICA Y VIH

Pineda JA, Romero-Gomez M, Diaz-Garcia F, Giron-Gonzalez JA, Montero JL, Torre-Cisneros J, et al. VIH coinfection shortens the

survival of patients with hepatitis C virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2005;41: 779–789.

Page 11: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

• Paciente VIH con ESLD en lista de espera tiene unamortalidad entre 36 y 60 %.

• Sobrevida del paciente VIH con ESLD es menor quecontroles no VIH

• MELD score factor independente de mortalidad.

• Los pacientes deben ser valorados precozmente paraTOH.

• Miro JM, Murillas J, Laguno M et al. Natural history and prognosis of end stage liver disease (ESLD) in Spanish VIH-1 infected

patients: a prospective cohort study of 104 patients (1999–2004). 10th European AIDS Conference. Dublin, Ireland, 17–20

November 2005. Abstr. PS7/1.

• Pineda JA, Romero-Gomez M, Diaz-Garcia F et al. VIH co-infection shortens the survival of patients with hepatitis C virus-

related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology, 2005, 41, 779–789. 41.

• Merchante N, Giron-Gonzalez JA, Gonzalez-Serrano M, et al. Survival and prognostic factors of VIH-infected patients with

VHC-related end-stage liver disease. AIDS, 2006, 20, 49–57.

• Maida I, Nunez M, Gonzalez-Lahoz J, Soriano V. Liver transplantation in VIH-VHC coinfected candidates: what is the most

appropriate time for evaluation? AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 2005, 21, 599–601.

• Ragni MV, Eghtesad B, Schlesinger KW et al. Pretransplant survival is shorter in VIH-positive than VIH-negative subjects with

end-stage liver disease. Liver Transpl, 2005, 11, 1425–1430.

ENFERMEDAD HEPATICA Y VIH

Page 12: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

SOBREVIDAS MENORES EN PACIENTES VIH

CON ENFERMEDAD HEPATICA TERMINAL

(ESLD)

• 39. Miro JM, Murillas J, Laguno M et al. Natural history and prognosis of end stage liver disease (ESLD) in

Spanish VIH-1 infected patients: a prospective cohort study of 104 patients (1999–2004). 10th European AIDS

Conference. Dublin, Ireland, 17–20 November 2005. Abstr. PS7/1.

• 40.Pineda JA, Romero-Gomez M, Diaz-Garcia F et al. VIH co-infection shortens the survival of patients with

hepatitis C virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology, 2005, 41, 779–789. 41.

Page 13: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

• 104 pacientes, 2 centros

• Seguimiento promedio 10 meses

• Mortalidad a los 1, 2 y 3 años fue del 43% , 59% y 70%

• En análisis multivariado, el MELD y la incapacidad de alcanzar una carga viral indetectable del ARN del VIH-1 únicas variables asociadas con el riesgo de muerte (P 0,001).

Murillas J, Rimola A, Laguno M, de Lazzari E, Rascón J, Aguero F, Blanco JL, Moitinho E, Moreno A, Miró JM. The model for end-stage liver

disease score is the best prognostic factor in human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected patients with end-stage liver disease: a prospective

cohort study. Liver Transpl 2009; 15: 1133-1141

Page 14: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Subramanian A, Sulkowski M, Barin B, Stablein D, Curry M, Nissen N, et al. MELD score is an important predictor of

pretransplantation mortality in HIV-infected liver transplant candidates. Gastroenterology 2010;138: 159–164.

Page 15: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

VIH -VHC COINFECCION

• Se afectan adversamente cada uno

• VIH : Acelera la progresion de la enfermedad VHC por

– Incremento de la viremia y hepatitis

– Inmunodeficiencia celular

– Incrementa riesgo de fibrosis y cirrosis

– Puede llevar a hepatitis colestática fibrosante

• VHC : Opuesto debatido

– Aumenta toxicidad antiretroviral y disminuye su efectividad

Vallet-Pichard A, Pol S. Natural history and predictors of severity of chronic hepatitis C virus (VHC) and human immunodeficiency virus (VIH) co-

infection. J Hepatol 2006;44:S28–S34.

Alberti A, Clumeck N, Collins S, Gerlich W, Lundgren J, Palu` G, et al. Short statement of the first European consensus conference on the treatment of

chronic hepatitis B and C in VIH co-infected patients. J Hepatol 2005;42:615–624.

Rockstroh JK, Mocroft A, Soriano V, Tural C, Losso MH, Horban A, et al. Influence of hepatitis C virus infection on VIH-1 disease progression and

response to highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Infect Dis 2005;192:992–1002.

Greub G, Ledergerber B, Battegay M, Grob P, Perrin L, Furrer H, et al. Clinical progression, survival, and immune recovery during antiretroviral therapy

in patients with VIH-1 and hepatitis C virus coinfection: the Swiss VIH cohort study. Lancet 2000;356:1800–1805.

Page 16: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

COINFECCION VIH -HBV

• VHB : No induce progresión del VIH o afecta su

tratamiento, pero : Incrementa la mortalidad relacionada

con hepatopatias en los coinfectados

• VIH : Morbilidad menor porque los nucleosidos y

nucleotidos inhibidores de la transcriptasa inversa del

VIH tambien suprimen el HBV

Alberti A, Clumeck N, Collins S, Gerlich W, Lundgren J, Palu` G, et al. Short statement of the first European

consensus conference on the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C in VIH co-infected patients. J Hepatol

2005;42:615–624.

Levy V, Grant RM. Antiretroviral therapy for hepatitis B virus- VIH-coinfected patients: promises and pitfalls. Clin

Infect Dis 2006;43:904–910.

Page 17: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

ENFERMEDAD HEPATICA TERMINAL

EN PACIENTES VIH

• La enfermedad hepática terminal se ha

convertido en una de las primeras causas de

ingreso hospitalario y de muerte

Staples CT, Rimland D, Dudas D. Hepatitis C in the VIH (human immunodeficiency virus) Atlanta V.A. (Veterans Affairs

Medical Center) Cohort Study (HAVACS): the effect of coinfection on survival. Clin Infect Dis 1999;29:150-4.8.

Soriano V, Sulkowski M, Bergin C, Hatzakis A, Cacoub P, Katlama C, et al.Care of patients with chronic hepatitis C and VIH

co-infection: recommendations from the VIH-VHC International Panel. AIDS 2002;16:813-28.

Bica I, McGovern B, Dhar R, Stone D, McGowan K, Scheib R, et al. Increasing mortality due to end-stage liver disease in

patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32:492-97.

Camino X, Iribarren JA, Arrizabalaga J, Rodríguez F, Von Wichmann AM. Causes of mortality among patients infected with

the human immunodeficiency virus in the era of high active antiretroviral therapy. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2001;19:85-

6.

Page 18: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CAUSAS DE MUERTE EN VIH

• Paises pobres 30-75 % por infecciones oportunistas y malignidades

• Paises ricos D.A.D Cohorte, n= 1246

• SIDA 31.1 %

• 14.5 % enfermedades hepáticas

• 11% enf cardiovasculares

• 9.4 % Malignidades no SIDA

• 33.8 % otras causas

Weber R, Sabin CA, Friis-Moller N, Reis P, El-Sadr WM, Kirk O, et al. Liver-related deaths in personsinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus: the D:A:D study. Arch Int Med 2006;166:1632–1641.

Page 19: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Smith CJ, Ryom L, Weber R, Morlat P, Pradier C, Reiss P, Kowalska JD, de Wit S, Law M, el Sadr W, Kirk O, Friis-Moller N, Monforte Ad, Phillips

AN, Sabin CA, Lundgren JD. Trends in underlying causes of death in people with HIV from 1999 to 2011 (D: A: D): a multicohort collaboration.

Lancet 2014; 384: 241-248

Page 20: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

MAYOR MORTALIDAD POR

INFECCIONES

Entre • 1997 y 2002

58• , pacientes VIH positivos con ESLD

15 • (25,9%) fueron trasplantados,

21 • (36,2%) murieron antes de OLTX, en promedio un mes luego de la de evaluación

57,1• % por infección

Ragni MV, Eghtesad B, Schlesinger KW, Dvorchik I, Fung JJ. Pretransplant survival is shorter in VIH-positive than VIHnegative subjects with

end-stage liver disease. Liver Transpl 2005; 11: 1425-1430

Page 21: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

INDICACION DE TRASPLANTE

EN VIH CUANDO ?

Page 22: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CRITERIOS ESPAÑOLES PARA TOH EN

PACIENTES VIH

• Miró JM, Torre-Cisneros J, Moreno A et al. GESIDA/GESITRASEIMC, PNS and ONT consensus

document on solid organ transplant (SOT) in VIH-infected patients in Spain – March, 2005. Enferm

Infecc Microbiol Clin, 2005, 23, 353–362.

Page 23: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CRITERIOS ESPAÑOLES PARA TOH EN

PACIENTES VIH

• Miró JM, Torre-Cisneros J, Moreno A et al. GESIDA/GESITRASEIMC, PNS and ONT consensus

document on solid organ transplant (SOT) in VIH-infected patients in Spain – March, 2005. Enferm

Infecc Microbiol Clin, 2005, 23, 353–362.

Page 24: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CRITERIOS ESPAÑOLES PARA TOH EN

PACIENTES VIH

Miró JM, Torre• -Cisneros J, Moreno A et al. GESIDA/GESITRASEIMC, PNS and ONT consensus

document on solid organ transplant (SOT) in VIH-infected patients in Spain – March, 2005. Enferm

Infecc Microbiol Clin, 2005, 23, 353–362.

Page 25: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CRITERIOS ESPAÑOLES PARA TOH EN

PACIENTES VIH

• Miró JM, Torre-Cisneros J, Moreno A et al. GESIDA/GESITRASEIMC, PNS and ONT consensus

document on solid organ transplant (SOT) in VIH-infected patients in Spain – March, 2005. Enferm

Infecc Microbiol Clin, 2005, 23, 353–362.

Page 26: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CRITERIOS EN EUROPA Y USA PARA

TOH EN PACIENTES VIH

Jose M. Miro, Peter Stock, Elina Teicher, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, Norah Terrault, Antoni Rimola. Outcome and

management of HCV/HIV coinfection pre- and post-liver transplantation. A 2015 update. Journal of Hepatology 2015 vol. 62,

701–711

Page 27: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CRITERIOS EN EUROPA Y USA PARA

TOH EN PACIENTES VIH

Jose M. Miro, Peter Stock, Elina Teicher, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, Norah Terrault, Antoni Rimola. Outcome and

management of HCV/HIV coinfection pre- and post-liver transplantation. A 2015 update. Journal of Hepatology 2015 vol. 62,

701–711

Page 28: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CRITERIOS EN EUROPA Y USA PARA

TOH EN PACIENTES VIH

Jose M. Miro, Peter Stock, Elina Teicher, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, Norah Terrault, Antoni Rimola. Outcome and

management of HCV/HIV coinfection pre- and post-liver transplantation. A 2015 update. Journal of Hepatology 2015 vol. 62,

701–711

Page 29: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CRITERIOS EN EUROPA Y USA PARA

TOH EN PACIENTES VIH

Jose M. Miro, Peter Stock, Elina Teicher, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, Norah Terrault, Antoni Rimola. Outcome and

management of HCV/HIV coinfection pre- and post-liver transplantation. A 2015 update. Journal of Hepatology 2015 vol. 62,

701–711

Page 30: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CRITERIOS EN EUROPA Y USA PARA

TOH EN PACIENTES VIH

Jose M. Miro, Peter Stock, Elina Teicher, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, Norah Terrault, Antoni Rimola. Outcome and

management of HCV/HIV coinfection pre- and post-liver transplantation. A 2015 update. Journal of Hepatology 2015 vol. 62,

701–711

Page 31: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

TOH EN PACIENTES VIH - DESAFIOS

• ANTES DEL TOH

– Minimizar muertes en lista de espera ,

– Remisiones tempranas.

– Evitar resistencia a drogas, no controlada.

• EN EL TOH

– Criterios expandidos de donantes

– Living donors,

– Excepciones al MELD en el futuro?

Terrault NA, Carter JT, Carlson L, Roland ME, Stock PG. Outcome of patients with hepatitis B virus and human

immunodeficiency virus infections referred for liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2006;12:801–807.

Ragni MV, Eghtesad B, Schlesinger KW, Dvorchik I, Fung JJ. Pretransplant survival is shorter in VIH-positive than

VIHnegative subjects with end-stage liver disease. Liver Transpl 2005;11:1425–1430.

Pineda JA, Romero-Gomez M, Diaz-Garcia F, Giron-Gonzalez JA, Montero JL, Torre-Cisneros J, et al. VIH

coinfection shortens the survival of patients with hepatitis C virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology

2005;41:779–789.

Soriano V, Puoti M, Bonacini M, Brook G, Cargnel A, Rockstroh J, et al. Care of patients with chronic hepatitis B and

VIH coinfection: recommendations from an VIH–HBV International Panel. Aids 2005;19:221–240.

Page 32: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

2004•

En• la actualidad la infección por VIH ha

dejado de ser una contraindicación formal

para este tratamiento.

Samuel D, Duclos Vallee JC, Teicher E, Vittecoq D. Liver transplantation in patients with VIH infection. J

Hepatol , 2003, 39, 3–6.

Roland ME, Stock PG. Review of solid-organ transplantation in VIH-infected patients. Transplantation, 2003,

75, 425–429.

Fung J, Eghtesad B, Patel-Tom K et al. Liver transplantation in patients with VIH infection. Liver Transpl,

2004, 10 (Suppl 2), S39–S53.

Neff GW, Sherman KE, Eghtesad B, Fung J. Review article: current status of liver transplantation in VIH-

infected patients. A l i m e n t Pharmacol Ther, 2004, 20, 993–1000.

Miró JM, Montejo M, Rufi G et al. Liver transplantation in patients with VIH infection: a reality in 2004. Enferm

Infecc Microbiol Clin, 2004, 22, 529–538.

TOH EN PACIENTES VIH

Page 33: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CONTRAINDICACIONES DEL TOH EN

PACIENTES VIH

• Abuso de heroína o cocaína en los últimos dos años.

• Abuso de alcohol en los ultimos seis meses.

• IO activas o no controladas con la terapia ( leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva, criptosporidiasis intestinal crónica).

• Neoplasias para las que no se ha establecido un período libre de enfermedad adecuado.

• Síndrome de emaciación crónica.

• Desnutrición severa.

Jose M. Miro, Peter Stock, Elina Teicher, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, Norah Terrault, Antoni Rimola. Outcome and

management of HCV/HIV coinfection pre- and post-liver transplantation. A 2015 update. Journal of Hepatology 2015 vol. 62,

701–711

Page 34: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

RESULTADOS DEL TRASPLANTE

(TOH)

Page 35: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 36: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

TOH EN COINFECCION VIH-VHC

• PRINCIPAL PROBLEMA POS-TOH ES LA

SEVERIDAD DE LA RECURRENCIA DE LA

INFECCION VHC EN EL INJERTO

• Duclos-Vallee JC, Feray C, Sebagh M, Teicher E, Roque-Afonso AM,Roche B, et al. Survival and recurrence of

hepatitisCafter liver transplantation in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus.

Hepatology 2008;47:407–417.

• Duclos-Valle´e JC, Vittecoq D, Teicher E, Feray C, Roque-Afonso AM, Lombes A, et al. VHC viral recurrence and

liver mitochondrial damage after liver transplantation in VIH–VHC coinfected patients. J Hepatol 2005;42:341–349.

• De Vera ME, Dvorchik I, Tom K, Eghtesad B, Thai N, Shakil O, et al. Survival of liver transplant patients coinfected

with VIH and VHC is adversely impacted by recurrent hepatitis C. Am J Transpl 2006;6:2983–2993.

Page 37: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

RECURRENCIA DEL VIRUS C

• Recurrencia universal.

• Peor evolución.

• Eficacia y seguridad del tto con Peg-

IFN mas Riba??

Ragni MV, Belle SH, Im K et al. Survival of human immunodeficiency virus-infected liver transplant

recipients. J Infect Dis, 2003, 188, 1412–1420.

Duclos-Vallee JC, Vittecoq D, Teicher E et al. Hepatitis C virus viral recurrence and liver

mitochondrial damage after liver transplantation in VIH-VHC co-infected patients. J Hepatol, 2005,

42, 341–349.

De Vera ME, Dvorchik I, Tom K et al. Survival of liver transplant patients co-infected with VIH and

VHC is adversely impacted by recurrent hepatitis C. Am J Transplant, 2006, 6, 2983–2993.

Page 38: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

TOH EN PACIENTES VIH PRINCIPALES

SERIES ANTES Y DESPUES DEL TARGA

Miró et al . Journal of • VIH therapy Vol 12 No 1 -2007

• Miró et al . Journal of VIH therapy Vol 12 No 1 -2007

Page 39: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

• Miró et al . Journal of VIH therapy Vol 12 No 1 -2007

• Miró et al . Journal of VIH therapy Vol 12 No 1 -2007

TOH EN PACIENTES VIH PRINCIPALES

SERIES ANTES Y DESPUES DEL TARGA

Page 40: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

21. Fung J, Eghtesad B, Patel-Tom K et al. Liver transplantation in patients with VIH infection. Liver Transpl, 2004, 10 (Suppl 2), S39–S53.

24. Duclos-Vallee JC, Teicher E, Feray C et al. Liver transplantation of VIH-VHC and VIH-HBV coinfected patients: a large experience in a single centre.

Abstract number 410. Liver Transplant, 2006, 12(Suppl 1), C-103.

26. De Vera ME, Dvorchik I, Tom K et al. Survival of liver transplant patients co-infected with VIH and VHC is adversely impacted by recurrent hepatitis C. Am

J Transplant, 2006, 6, 2983–2993.

72 Vennarecci G, Mutimer D, Ettorre G et al. Liver transplantation in VIH-positive patients. Abstract number 457. Liver Transplant, 2006, 12 (Suppl 1), C-115.

74.Castells L, Escartin A, Bilbao I et al. Liver transplantation in VIH-VHC coinfected patients: a case-control study. Transplantation, 2007, 83, 354–358.

75. Miró JM, Montejo M, Castells LL et al. Treatment of Spanish VIH-infected patients with recurrent hepatitis C virus (VHC) after liver transplantation (OLT)

with pegylated interferon (PEG-INF) plus ribavirin (RBV): preliminary results of the FIPSE OLT-VIH-05 – GESIDA 45-05 Cohort Study (2002–2006). 14th

Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Los Angeles, California, USA. 25–28 February 2007, Abstr. 890.

Page 41: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

1. Duclos-Vallee JC, Feray C, Sebagh M, Teicher E, Roque-Afonso AM, Roche B, et al. Survival and recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation in patients

coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2008;47:407–417.

2. Miro JM, Montejo M, Castells L, Rafecas A, Moreno S, Aguero F, et al. Outcome of HCV/HIV-coinfected liver transplant recipients: a prospective and multicenter cohort

study. Am J Transplant 2012;12:1866–1876.

3. Terrault NA, Roland ME, Schiano T, Dove L, Wong MT, Poordad F, et al. Outcomes of liver transplant recipients with hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus

coinfection. Liver Transpl 2012;18:716–726.

4. Jose M. Miro, Peter Stock, Elina Teicher, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, Norah Terrault, Antoni Rimola. Outcome and management of HCV/HIV coinfection pre- and post-

liver transplantation. A 2015 update. Journal of Hepatology 2015 vol. 62, 701–711

Page 42: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Duclos-Vallée, Samuel D. Survival and recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation in patients

coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2008; 47: 407-417

Page 43: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Se examinaron los resultados entre •

180 pacientes VIH + con TOH

• (Registro Científico de Receptores de

Trasplante 2002-2011).

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 44: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 45: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 46: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 47: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 48: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 49: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 50: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 51: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 52: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 53: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

• Resultados.

• los receptores VIH + tuvieron un riesgo de muerte 1,68 veces mayor y 1,70 veces mayor riesgo de pérdida del injerto .

• Independientemente de la época del trasplante, los receptores coinfectados de TOH tuvieron un mayor riesgo de muerte (aHR, 2,24) y pérdida del injerto (aHR, 2,07; en comparación con los receptores de TOH HCV + .

• Conclusiones. Los resultados entre los receptores VIH + monoinfectados han mejorado con el tiempo, sin embargo, entre los coinfectados HIV+ VHC+ los datos siguen siendo preocupantes y motivan futuros estudios de beneficio de supervivencia.

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 54: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Umberto Baccarani, Elda Righi, Gian Luigi Adani, Dario Lorenzin, Alberto Pasqualucci, Matteo Bassetti, Andrea Risaliti.

Pros and cons of liver transplantation in human immunodeficiency virus infected recipients. World J Gastroenterol 2014

May 14; 20(18): 5353-5362

Page 55: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific
Page 56: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

FUTURO CON LOS NUEVOS

ANTIVIRALES

Page 57: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

REGIMEN /RVS Monoinfección

VHC

Coinfección

VIH/VHC

SMV + SOF 97 (112/115)[1] 92 (11/12)[2]

LDV/SOF 99 (211/214)[3] 95 (143/150)[4]

DCV + SOF 100 (41/41)[5] 97 (98/101)[6]

OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV + RBV 96 (455/473)[7] 94 (29/31)[8]

EBR/GZR 95 (299/316)[9] 95 (207/218)[10]

SOF/VEL 99 (618/624)[11] 95 (101/106)[12]

1. Kwo P, et al. EASL 2015 Abstract LB14. 2. Del Bello DP, et al. AASLD 2014. Abstract 994. 3. Afdhal N, et al. N Engl J Med.

2014;370:1889-1898. 4. Naggie S, et al. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:705-713. 5. Sulkowski M, et al. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:211-221. 6.

Wyles D, et al. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:714-725. 7. Feld JJ, et al. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1594-1603. 8. Sulkowski M, et al.

JAMA. 2015;313:1223-1231. 9. Zeuzem S, et al. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163:1-13. 10. Rockstroh JK, et al. AASLD 2015. Abstract 210.

11. Feld JJ, et al. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2599-607. 12. Bräu N, et al. AIDS 2016. Abstract WEAB0301.

EFICACIA DE 12 SEMANAS DE DAA EN

DIFERENTES ESTUDIOS DE VHC GT1-4

Page 58: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CONCLUSIONES

Page 59: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

EVOLUCION DE LA SOBREVIDA EN EL TRASPLANTE HEPATICO

DE PACIENTES VIH POSITIVOS

0

20

40

60

80

100

SO

BR

EV

IDA

DE

L P

AC

IEN

TE

VIH

(%

)

Inmunosupresion alta

Baja expectativa de vida

Infecciones Oportunistas

TARGA

1991 1998 2008 20171996

TARGA

Reconstitucion inmunologica

Mejor expectativa de vida

Nueva era de antivirales

sofosbuvir Daclatasvir

Inhibidores de integrasa

Page 60: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CONCLUSIONES 1

• El trasplante hepático es una alternativa terapéutica enlos pacientes VIH con una enfermedad hepática terminal

• Es posible controlar la infección por VIH tras eltrasplante con tratamiento antirretroviral.

• Las interacciones entre los inmunosupresores y losantirretrovirales son importantes y exigen lamonitorización estrecha de los niveles plasmáticos deinmunosupresores.

Page 61: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

CONCLUSIONES 2

• No existe un mayor riesgo de infecciones

oportunistas ni de tumores

• En TOH por una cirrosis por VHC, la recidiva de

la infección es universal postrasplante.

• Los nuevos tratamientos significan un avance

enorme y se alcanzan tasas de sobrevida

sorprendentes.

Page 62: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific
Page 63: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific
Page 64: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

TRATAMIENTO ANTIRETROVIRAL

• Monitoreo estricto de la función hepática.

• Algunos medicamentos contraindicados en CH

(Didanosina, Nevirapina, dosis plena de Ritonavir), se

deben ajustar sus dosis según función hepática.

• Monitorizar niveles de Efavirenz e inhibidores de

proteasa. ????????

• Indinavir y Atazanavir pueden incrementar bilirrubina no

conjugada por inhibicion de UDPGT.

Expert Committee of GESIDA and the National AIDS Plan. Recommendations from the GESIDA/Spanish AIDS Plan

regarding antiretroviral treatment in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection (Update January 2007). Enferm

Infecc Microbiol Clin, 2007, 25, 32–53.

Wyles DL, Gerber J. Antiretroviral drug pharmacokinetics in hepatitis with hepatic dysfunction. Clin infect Dis, 2005, 40,

174–181. 50. Back D, Gibbons S. The University of Liverpool VIH drug interactions website: http://www.hiv-

druginteractions.org/frames. asp?pharmacology/pharma_main.asp [with access: 18/02/2007].

Tuset M, Miró JM, Codina C, Ribas J, Ed. Guía de interacciones en VIH: http://www.interaccionesVIH.com [with access:

18/02/200

Page 65: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

• En la Tabla 2 se enumeran las directrices de ensayos multicéntricos de los Estados Unidos para el trasplante hepático en pacientes VIH positivos con enfermedad hepática crónica.

CRITERIOS EN USA PARA TOH EN

PACIENTES VIH

Page 66: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Stock PG. Rapid deterioration of VIH co-infected patients waiting for liver transplantation is not predicted by MELD. Liver Transpl

2005; 11: 1315-1317

• Disminución significativa de la supervivencia del paciente VIH en la lista de espera y la importancia de la derivación temprana a esta evaluación.

Page 67: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Pineda et. Al. Hepatology. 2005, 41, 779–789. 41

N : 1217 pacientes con hepatitis C

Seguimiento de 13 meses

N Mortalid

ad

Sobrevi

da

Promedi

o

%

Sobrevi

da a 1

año

%

Sobrevi

da a 2

años

%

Sobrevi

da a 5

años

%

VIH

Negativo

s

1037

(85%)

386

(37 %)

48

meses

74 61 44

VIH

Positivos

180

(15%)

100

(56 %)

16

meses

54 40 25

RR de morir con IC de 95 % de 2.26 (1.51-3.38)

87 Pac TOH

Page 68: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

AASLD Guidance: HIV/HCV

Coinfection• All pts with HCV should be treated

– Pts with cirrhosis among highest priority for

treatment

– HIV/HCV coinfection among high priority for

treatment

• Even in this era of potent HIV

antiretrovirals, pts with HIV/HCV coinfection

are at greater risk for rapidly progressive

fibrosis and cirrhosis

• “HIV ARV therapy is not a substitute for

HCV treatment”AASLD/IDSA. HCV guidelines. December 2015. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com

Page 69: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

DAAs for Pts With GT1 HCV

Infection and HIV/HCV

Coinfection• No 8-wk regimens recommended in HIV/HCV coinfection

• Other recommendations on treatment duration and inclusion of RBV

same as for HCV monoinfection

HCV GT

Recommended or Alternative Regimens for DAA-Naive Pts

SMV + SOF LDV/SOF DCV + SOFOBV/PTV/

RTV + DSVEBR/GZR SOF/VEL

Without cirrhosis

▪ 1a 12 wks 12 wks 12 wks 12 wks + RBV 12 wks‡ 12 wks

▪ 1b 12 wks 12 wks 12 wks 12 wks 12 wks 12 wks

With compensated cirrhosis

▪ 1a24 wks ±

RBV*12 wks† 24 wks ± RBV 24 wks + RBV 12 wks‡ 12 wks

▪ 1b 24 wks ± RBV 12 wks† 24 wks ± RBV 12 wks 12 wks 12 wks

*Do not use if Q80K positive. †If pegIFN/RBV experienced, add RBV (recommended) or treat for 24 wks (alternative). ‡If baseline NS5A RAVs, add RBV and treat for 16 wks (alternative).

Slide credit: clinicaloptions.comAASLD/IDSA. HCV guidance. July 2016.

Page 70: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Efficacy of 12 Wks of DAAs

Across Separate Studies of GT1-

4 HCV Infection

• Most studies included HCV treatment-naive pts only, except for the

SMV + SOF and SOF/VEL studies and the OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV +

RBV coinfection study, which included both HCV treatment-naive and

treatment-experienced pts

• Mostly GT1 and 4 HCV infection; some GT2, 3, 5, or 6 infection

References in slidenotes. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com

Sustained HCV Virologic Response,

% (n/N)

HCV

Monoinfection

HIV/HCV

Coinfection

SMV + SOF 97 (112/115)[1] 92 (11/12)[2]

LDV/SOF 99 (211/214)[3] 95 (143/150)[4]

DCV + SOF 100 (41/41)[5] 97 (98/101)[6]

OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV + RBV 96 (455/473)[7] 94 (29/31)[8]

EBR/GZR 95 (299/316)[9] 95 (207/218)[10]

SOF/VEL 99 (618/624)[11] 95 (101/106)[12]

Page 71: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific
Page 72: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

• El trasplante hepático se realiza cada vez más en pacientes seleccionados con VIH en la mayoría de los países desarrollados, con excelentes resultados informados en pacientes con enfermedades hepáticas no relacionadas con el VHC. Por el contrario, la supervivencia en los receptores hepáticos coinfectados con el VHC / VIH es más pobre que en los pacientes monoinfectados con VHC, debido a la recurrencia más agresiva del VHC y la consecuente pérdida del injerto y la muerte. Los resultados de los estudios de cohortes estadounidenses, franceses y españoles mostraron una tasa de supervivencia de 5 años de sólo 50-55%. Por tanto, es Debatidó si el trasplante de hígado se debe ofrecer a los pacientes coinfectados con el VHC / VIH. Los estudios han demostrado que las variables más consistentemente asociadas con resultados pobres son:

• (1) el uso de donantes antiguos o HCV-positivos, (2) el trasplante de hígado-riñón dual,

• (3) receptores con un índice de masa corporal muy bajo y (4) menos experiencia en el sitio. Sin embargo, el factor más efectivo que influye en el resultado del trasplante es el éxito del tratamiento de la recurrencia del VHC con anti-VHC.

• La supervivencia es del 80% en pacientes cuya infección por VHC se resuelve. Lamentablemente, las tasas de respuesta virológica sostenida con interferón pegilado más ribavirina en receptores coinfectados son bajas, en particular para el genotipo 1 (sólo el 10%).

Jose M. Miro, Peter Stock, Elina Teicher, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, Norah Terrault, Antoni Rimola. Outcome and

management of HCV/HIV coinfection pre- and post-liver transplantation. A 2015 update. Journal of Hepatology 2015 vol. 62,

701–711

Page 73: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Pineda JA, Romero-Gomez M, Diaz-Garcia F, Giron-Gonzalez JA, Montero JL, Torre-Cisneros J, et al. VIH coinfection shortens the

survival of patients with hepatitis C virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2005;41: 779–789.

ENFERMEDAD HEPATICA Y VIH

Page 74: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

trasplante HEPATICO EN VIH

• Hasta hace unos años el VIH era una

contraindicación absoluta para

cualquier tipo de trasplante por:

– El pronóstico vital de estos pacientes y

– El temor a que la inmunosupresión

asociada al trasplante pudiera acelerar la

progresión a sida o incrementar el riesgo

de infecciones oportunistas

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Page 75: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

DAÑO HEPATICO AGUDO INDUCIDO

POR TARGA (DILI)

• Infrecuente causa de severa morbilidad o

mortalidad.

• Principalmente por Inhibidores de la

Transcriptasa no nucleósidos

• En Nevirapina 3-15 %

• En Efavirenz 1-4 % de pacientes tratados con

regímenes combinados.

Sulkowski MS, Thomas DL, Chaisson RE, Moore RD. Hepatotoxicity associated with antiretroviral therapy in

adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus and the role of hepatitis C or B virus infection. JAMA

2000;283:74–80.

Nunez M. Hepatotoxicity of antiretrovirals: incidence, mechanisms and management. J Hepatol 2006;44:S132–

S139.

Page 76: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

2 • estudios observacionales(1-2) : 12 % y 9 % de

incremento en la muertes de origen hepático por año

de tto TARGA

Enfermedad hepática criptogénica en • 0.5 % de VIH ,

relacionados con TARGA?(3)

[1] Weber R, Sabin CA, Friis-Moller N, Reis P, El-Sadr WM, Kirk O, et al. Liver-related deaths in persons

infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: the D:A:D study. Arch Int Med 2006;166:1632–1641.

[2] Mocroft A, Soriano V, Rockstroh J, Reiss P, Kirk O, De Wit S, et al. Is there evidence for an increase in the

death rate from liverrelated disease in patients with VIH? Aids 2005;19:2117–2125.

[3] Maida I, Nunez M, Rios MJ, Martin-Carbonero L, Sotgiu G, Toro C, et al. Severe liver disease associated with

prolonged exposure to antiretroviral drugs. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2006;42:177–182.

DAÑO HEPATICO CRONICO INDUCIDO

POR TARGA (DILI)

Page 77: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

PACIENTES VIH CANDIDATOS A

EVALUACION PRE-TOH 2005

Fung J, Eghtesad B, Patel-Tom K et al. Liver transplantation in patients with VIH infection. Liver Transpl, 2004, 10 (Suppl 2), S39–S53.

Hamers FF, Downs AM. The changing face of the VIH epidemic in western Europe: what are the implications for public health policies?

Lancet, 2004, 364, 83–94.

Rockstroh J, Mocroft A, Soriano V et al. Influence of hepatitis C coinfection on VIH disease Progression within the Eurosida cohort. 9th

European AIDS Conference. Warsaw, Poland, 25–29 October2003. Abstr. F12/4.

Konopnicki D, Mocroft A, de Wit S et al. Hepatitis B and VIH: prevalence, AIDS progression, response to highly active antiretroviral

therapy and increased mortality in the EuroSIDA cohort. AIDS, 2005, 19, 593–601.

Gonzalez-GarcÌa JJ, Mahillo B, Hern·ndez S et al. Prevalences of hepatitis virus coinfection and indications for chronic hepatitis C virus

treatment and liver transplantation in Spanish VIH-infected patients. The GESIDA 29/02 and FIPSE 12185/01 Multicenter Study. Enferm

Infecc Microbiol Clin, 2005, 23, 340–348..

Page 78: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Duclos-Vallée, Samuel D. Survival and recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation in patients

coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2008; 47: 407-417

Fibrosis a los 12 meses después del trasplante puntuación media de 1,7 en pacientes coinfectados en

comparación con 1,1 en pacientes monoinfectados (p = 0,06);

A los 24 meses, 2,4 frente a 1,4, respectivamente (P = 0,01)

Page 79: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

• Se examinaron los resultados entre 180 pacientes VIH + con TOH

• (Registro Científico de Receptores de Trasplante 2002-2011).

• Resultados. los receptores VIH + tuvieron un riesgo de muerte 1,68 veces mayor (HR ajustado, 1,68, intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC del 95%], 1,28-2,20, P <0,001) y 1,70 veces mayor riesgo de pérdida del injerto (HR, 1,70, IC del 95%, 1,31-2,20, P <0,001).

• Estas diferencias persistieron independientemente del estado de infección por VHC. Sin embargo, en el riesgo de muerte en la edad de trasplante (HR, 1,11, IC del 95%, 0,52-2,35, P = 0,79) y pérdida del injerto (aHR, 0,89, IC del 95%, 0,42-1,88, P = 0,77) fueron similares entre los monoinfectados y receptores de TOH no infectados.

• En contraste, independientemente de la época del trasplante, los receptores coinfectados de TOH tuvieron un mayor riesgo de muerte (aHR, 2,24, IC 95%, 1,43-3,53, P <0,001) y pérdida del injerto (aHR, 2,07; IC del 95%, 1,33-3,22; = 0,001) en comparación con los receptores de TOH HCV + .

• Conclusiones. Estos resultados sugieren que los resultados entre los receptores de VIH + monoinfectados han mejorado con el tiempo, sin embargo, los resultados entre los receptores de HIV + coinfectados con el VHC siguen siendo preocupantes y motivan futuros estudios de beneficio de supervivencia.

Jayme E. Locke, Christine Durand, Rhiannon D. Reed, et al Long-term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation Among Human

Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Recipients . Transplantation 2016; 100: 141 – 146.

Page 80: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

PERIODO POST-TOH

• No hay un riesgo aumentado de complicaciones POP.

• No hay mayor riesgo de infecciones oportunistas o tumores

• Con tratamiento TARGA adecuado– CD4 estables.

– Carga viral VIH indetectable

• Medicamentos inmunosupresores( IC, CT,MMF) reducen la replicación viral por 2 vias

– Reduciendo activación inmune del VIH

– IC y MMF actividad antiviral directa

– Acido micofenolico aumenta actividad de Abacavir.

Roland ME, Stock PG. Review of solid-organ transplantation in VIH-infected patients. Transplantation, 2003, 75,

425–429.

Fung J, Eghtesad B, Patel-Tom K et al. Liver transplantation in patients with VIH infection. Liver Transpl, 2004, 10

(Suppl 2), S39–S53. 7. Neff GW, Sherman KE, Eghtesad B, Fung J. Review article: current status of liver

transplantation in VIH-infected patients. A l i m e n t Pharmacol Ther, 2004, 20, 993–1000.

Miró JM, Montejo M, Rufi G et al. Liver transplantation in patients with VIH infection: a reality in 2004. Enferm

Infecc Microbiol Clin, 2004, 22, 529–538.

Tzakis AG, Coope Margolis, D, Kewn S, Coull JJ et al. The addition of mycophenolate mofetil to antiretroviral

therapy including abacavir is associated with depletion of intracellular deoxyguanosine triphosphate and a

decrease in plasma VIH-1 RNA. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2002, 31, 45–49.

Page 81: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

• Gran cantidad de medicamentos :

– Mejor adherencia

– Menor toxicidad

– Menos interacciones con otros medicamentos

– Mayor efectividad

• Monitoreo estricto de función hepática.

• Protocolos de manejo iguales a los pacientes no VIH.

• Miró, Rimola. et al . Journal of VIH therapy Vol 12 No 1 -2007

PERIODO POST-TOH

Page 82: TRASPLANTE DE HIGADO Y VIH - higadocolombia.org · GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific

Umberto Baccarani, Elda Righi, Gian Luigi Adani, Dario Lorenzin, Alberto Pasqualucci, Matteo Bassetti, Andrea Risaliti.

Pros and cons of liver transplantation in human immunodeficiency virus infected recipients. World J Gastroenterol 2014

May 14; 20(18): 5353-5362