Treating Waste as a Renewable Source of Energy · Treating Waste as a Renewable Source of Energy . Plasma Gasification: The Next Generation of Waste-to-Energy Solutions . Waste Expo

Treating Waste as a Renewable Source of Energy

Plasma Gasification: The Next Generation of Waste-to-Energy Solutions

Waste Expo Brasil November 22-24, 2016 Sao Paulo, Brasil

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ABOUT US

Our Focus and What We Do

• Alter NRG develops and owns projects utilizing Westinghouse Plasma Corporation (WPC) technology

• 30+ years of research and development; $2 billion invested in projects and technology

• Divert waste that is landfilled (including Municipal Solid Waste, Hazardous Waste, Industrial Waste, Medical Waste, Mixed Biomass, Construction & Demolition Waste, etc.)

• Make syngas from multiple waste streams

• Provide large and small scale solutions – 25 tpd to 2000 tpd

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ABOUT US – KAIDI

• Build, owns and operate a portfolio of power facilities

• $6 billion USD Company generating 1400MW

• Currently permitted to build additional 3000+ MW over next 5 to 7 year period in China

• EPC capabilities - 200+ projects • Proven expertise in hydro power,

wind power, concentrated solar • Key technology owner in

desulfurization, waste water treatment and gas clean-up

• Fischer Tropsh technologies – iron slurry and cobalt catalyst

Biomass Power Plants

Fujian, China

Anhui (Ningguo), China

Anhui (Wangjiang), China

Hydro Power Plants

Yunnan, China

Nanbuhe, China

Bajiu, China

Wind Power Plants

Pinglu, China Hubei, China

Power Plant Installations

Mao Khe, Viet Nam

Quảng Ninh, Viet Nam

Hai Duong, Viet Nam

Henan, China

Henan, China

Shanxi, China

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COMMERCIAL DEPLOYMENT OF PLASMA TECHNOLOGY FOR WASTE MATERIALS

1989 INDUSTRY–LEADING TECHNOLOGY

Plasma technology by others such as Alcan – over 500,000 hours of industrial use

2002 WORLD’S 1ST COMMERCIAL SCALE PLASMA GASIFIER

Mihama Mikata, Japan - operational in 2002

2003 WORLD’S LARGEST PLASMA GASIFIER FOR MUNICIPAL WASTE

Utashinai, Japan - operational in 2003; 200 tpd

2008 WORLD’S LARGEST PLASMA HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITY

Pune, India – operational in 2009

2009 SECOND GENERATION ETHANOL FACILITY

Coskata Lighthouse, U.S. -commissioned in Sept. 2009

1983 PLASMA FIRED CUPOLA APPLICATION

General Motors; Defiance, Ohio - commissioned in 1987 1200 tpd scrap metal melting

1995 INCINERATOR ASH VITRIFICATION

Kinuura, Japan - commissioned in 1995

1999 PLASMA GASIFICATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW)

Hitachi Metals; Yoshi, Japan - commissioned in 1999

2016 ENERGY FROM WASTE FACILITIES, Tees Valley, UK – 2,000tpd MSW to combined cycle power Under construction, commissioning dates: TV1 – 2017 and TV2 – 2018

2012 BIOMASS FACILITY

Kaidi, China – operational Q4 2012

2013 Medical Waste Gasification

Shanghai, China – 2013

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1980’s Metallurgical applications Scrap materials recovery US, Canada

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1990’s Incinerator Ash and Municipal Waste Gasification Pilot, Japan



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Early 2000’s Municipal Waste Gasification Japan

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Hazardous Waste and Medical Waste India and China

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Renewables, Liquid Fuels US and China

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2016 ENERGY FROM WASTE FACILITIES, Tees Valley, UK – 2,000tpd MSW to combined cycle power Under construction, commissioning dates: TV1 – 2017 and TV2 – 2018





Combined Cycle, UK

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A large portion of the world’s MSW is landfilled

MSW generation (billion tpy):

“Waste generation levels are expected to grow by 69% by 2025.” (World Bank Study, 2012)

GLOBAL WASTE & POPULATION GROWTH CHALLENGES

Facts are that landfills cause: • Greenhouse gas emissions, both CO2 and methane • Unnecessary land occupation • Water contamination through leaching • Clean up issues for future generations

World population growth (estimates in billions):

World population growth impacts waste generation: • World population is projected to reach 9 Billion by

2050 • Urbanization will account for 86% in developed

countries; 64% in developing countries • Increase in urban population and consumption has a

direct impact on the increase of waste generation

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ESTIMATED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE

GLOBAL WASTE HAS SIGNIFICANT ENERGY EQUIVALENTS ESTIMATED WASTE BIOMASS

(OR)

(OR) MSW WASTE 3.6 Million *

Tons/day

SYNGAS 37 Trillion Btu/day

LIQUID FUELS 3 Million Bbls/day

ELECTRICAL 178 GW Capacity

(OR)

(OR) WASTE BIOMASS

14 Million Tons/day



LIQUID FUELS 12 Million Bbls/day

(OR)

(OR) HAZARDOUS WASTE 1.2 Million Tons/day


LIQUID FUELS 874,000 Bbls/day


(OR)

(OR) WASTE TIRES

28,000 Tons/day

SYNGAS ½ Trillion Btu/day

ELECTRICAL 1.4 GW Capacity

LIQUID FUELS 24,000 Bbls/day

ESTIMATED HAZARDOUS WASTE ESTIMATED WASTE TIRES * 2012

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GASIFIER VESSEL DEVELOPMENT Generation 2 Generation 3 Generation 1

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ALTER NRG PLASMA GASIFICATION IS A WASTE REDUCTION TECHNOLOGY

250 Tons/day For sale to market

as aggregate

Sulphur

Removed

Fine & Heavy

Particulate Matter

Removed

Coarse Particulate

Matter Removed

Slag

20 Tons/day Recycled into the

WPC Gasifier

20 Tons/day Sludge to landfill

1 Ton/day For sale to

market

Fuel Replacement

50 MW Gross (41 MW Net to

the grid) For sale to market

10,500 Btu/day

(4 MMBtu/year

1000 Tons/day

Waste Feedstocks: Municipal, Hazardous,

Industrial, Medical, Mixed Biomass, Construction & Demolition, Coal, Tires,

etc.

800-1200 Barrels/day

For sale to market

Liquid Fuels

Power

1000 tpd Waste Processed Using Alter NRG Gasifier

250 tpd Slag for Sale To the Market as Aggregate

40 tpd Waste for Disposal 20 tpd Particulate Matter + 20 tpd Sludge for Landfill Disposal OR Recycled back into Alter NRG’s Gasifier

IN SUMMARY:

1650 0C

1000 0C

850 0C

Plasma Torches

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FROM AN ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE - WHY PLASMA? A COST ADVANTAGE UTILIZING WPC SYNGAS WHEN CREATING POWER AND LIQUID FUELS

WESTINGHOUSE PLASMA GASIFICATION IS THE KEY ENABLING TECHNOLOGY

1000 TPD PLASMA GASIFICATION FACILITY UNIT OPERATING COST (PER MMBTU SYNGAS PRODUCED, NET OF GATE FEE REVENUES)

The VALUE PROPOSITION of GASIFYING 1000 tpd of WASTE

• In a period of historically low fossil fuel prices, WPC syngas continues to be a cost effective feedstock for the production of liquid fuels.

• Gate fees for waste feedstocks offset the cost of syngas production and provide a significant source of revenue for a plasma gasification facility.

CLEANUP

Gate Fee $0/t $40/t $60/t $80/t $100/t

Cost of Syngas

Production (Per MMBtu)

$6.0 $1.75 $0 ($2.40) ($4.75)

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INTEGRATED WASTE TO LIQUIDS SOLUTIONS (EXAMPLE AT 1000 TONS PER DAY)

Alter NRG Plasma: • WPC is a provider of syngas for the

biofuels industry • WPC syngas is a suitable fuel for

GE’s 6,7 and 9 series gas turbines • Offers an integrated waste to diesel

solution through Sunshine Kaidi

300K to 400K Bbls/yr

3.8 Million MMBtu/yr

(250-300 Btu/scf)

Other downstream liquids technologies

RES Kaidi: • Demonstrated over 5 years at 10 BPD capacity, 14,000 hours of operation,

at 4,000 hours of continuous operation • Premium quality, clean burning diesel and jet fuels, finished FT Diesel

Conforms to ASTM D975 • FT aviation turbine fuel meets all specifications for ASTM (American Society

for Testing and Materials) • Evaluated by United States Air Force, Commercial test flight with United

Airlines; approval from U.S. Federal Aviation Administration

Wuhan, China: Biomass to Liquids, 150 tpd

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FUEL REPLACEMENT TECHNICAL / ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY HIGHLIGHTS

GE completed work to evaluate suitability of Westinghouse Plasma (WPC) Syngas and confirmed that:

• WPC syngas is a suitable fuel for GE Frame 6, 7 and 9 series gas turbines:

– GE gas turbines will not experience a de-rate when operating on a blend or at 100% WPC Syngas

– The increased volume of WPC Syngas will increase efficiency and generate additional electrical power vs. natural gas

– Currently, there are over 5,000 6, 7, and 9 series GE gas turbines operating globally that are potential targets for fuel replacement

Who benefits: • Users: Importers of high cost fuels • Sellers: Countries that export high value fuels and use fossil fuel to generate subsidized power • Environment: Lower CO2 footprint, reduced landfill volume

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OTHER KEY OPERATIONS - HAZARDOUS WASTE Commercial operations: • In India (since 2008). • In China (since 2013).

Flexible operations: • Processed over 600+ hazardous waste

streams since 2008. • Syngas can be utilized for steam, power

or process fuel. Some of the feedstock processed at the Pune, India Facility:

SHANGHAI, CHINA - MEDICAL WASTE & FLY ASH, 30 TPD

PUNE, INDIA - HAZARDOUS WASTE, 78 TPD

1. Agricultural Waste 2. Artificial Crystal 3. Automobiles 4. Battery 5. Bearing 6. Bio Medical 7. Chemicals 8. Construction 9. Cosmetics 10. Defense 11. Distillery 12. Electrical Equipment's 13. Engineering & Machinery 14. Electroplating 15. Foundry 16. Food Processing

17. Forging 18. Heat Treatment 19. Iron & Steel 20. Leather/ Tannery 21. Mouldings 22. Paints 23. Paper & Printing 24. Petrochemical 25. Pharmaceuticals 26. Plastic 27. Polymer 28. Power Generation 29. Refineries 30. Rubber 31. Textile 32. Wind Mill etc.

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TEES VALLEY IS THE LARGEST ADVANCED PLASMA GASIFICATION FACILITY IN THE WORLD

Overview: • 2,000 tpd of MSW via 2 separate

facilities • 100MW (gross combined for

both facilities) electrical base load production

• Facility uses combined cycle power block (via Solar Turbines)

• Tees Valley 1 and 2 are the World’s first combined cycle EFW facilities

WPC Gasifier and Auxiliary Modules installed at TV1

TV1

TV2

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TEES VALLEY FACILITIES AND REORGANIZATION OF AIR PRODUCTS

Reorganization: • Under new leadership, Air Products reorganized its business units in late 2015 to

create better focus for its core business – industrial gases • Consequently Air Products has been selling off non-core business units • Air Products announced that both the Energy from Waste business and the

Performance Materials business were “non-core” • Air Products sold the Performance Materials business in May 2016 Tees Valley Facilities: • Tees Valley 1: construction has been completed • Tees Valley 2: approximately 75% of construction has been completed • Tees Valley 1 commissioned and has undergone several start-up and trial runs • Through these start-ups, deficiencies identified/corrective actions put in

place/initiated • None of the identified deficiencies are critical flaws with plasma gasification

technology

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LEARNINGS

• Basic Facts: – Oxygen blown gasification can lead to excessive, localized heat release, exceeding

design temperatures of materials (this is not unique to plasma) • Design must include adequate cooling to avoid localized effects • Operating philosophy and temperature monitoring must be robust

– Waste handling is challenging: • MSW is highly variable in shape/size and pre-processing is required to move MSW reliably to a

gasifier • Lumps, metal objects, ropes, fibers can all lead to mechanical hang-ups

– Waste quality affects downstream operations: • Since MSW is unpredictable in composition, downstream design must be flexible and robust • This includes pressure control, corrosion control, and the addition of an auxiliary fuel to ride

out variations

• Issues arising from these basic facts are addressable with experience, design and operating philosophy.

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• A plasma gasifier can process up to 1,000 TPD of waste in a single unit • With tipping fees, plasma gasification produces “zero-cost” syngas • Multiple waste streams can be used to create syngas or “higher value” end products

(OR)

ELECTRICITY 50 MW (gross)

base load production

LIQUID FUELS 365,000 Bbls/yr

SYNGAS 3.5 Million MMBtu/yr

WASTE 350,000 tpy

THE WRAP UP

460, 227 – 11 Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta Canada T2R 1R9

Phone: (403) 806-3875 Fax: (403) 806-3721

www.alternrg.com

THANK YOU

Documents

Treating Waste as a Renewable Source of Energy · Treating Waste as a Renewable Source of Energy . Plasma Gasification: The Next Generation of Waste-to-Energy Solutions . Waste Expo