Trends in Federalism/Grant

System

Odds and Ends:*Police powers: Right to create and

enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals.

Odds and Ends:*Police powers: Right to create and

enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals.

*Constitution guarantees a republican form of government at the state level, but many states have elements of direct democracy:

Odds and Ends:*Police powers: Right to create and

enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals.

*Constitution guarantees a republican form of government at the state level, but many states have elements of direct democracy:

• Referendum

Odds and Ends:*Police powers: Right to create and

enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals.

*Constitution guarantees a republican form of government at the state level, but many states have elements of direct democracy:

• Referendum• Initiative

Odds and Ends:*Police powers: Right to create and

enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals.

*Constitution guarantees a republican form of government at the state level, but many states have elements of direct democracy:

• Referendum• Initiative• Recall

Trends in Federalism:Dual federalism: Separate and

independent role for the state and national government.

Cooperative federalism: State and national levels working together.

*The big trend has been a move from dual federalism to cooperative federalism:

*The big trend has been a move from dual federalism to cooperative federalism:

• Started with the 14th amendment

*The big trend has been a move from dual federalism to cooperative federalism:

• Started with the 14th amendment• Progressive Era (early 1900s)

*The big trend has been a move from dual federalism to cooperative federalism:

• Started with the 14th amendment• Progressive Era (early 1900s)• New Deal (1930s)

Grant System (Fiscal Federalism):

Fiscal Federalism: Federal money granted to the states.

Types of grants:1. Categorical-

A. Project-

Grant System (Fiscal Federalism):

Fiscal Federalism: Federal money granted to the states.

Types of grants:1. Categorical-

A. Project-B. Formula-

Grant System (Fiscal Federalism):

Fiscal Federalism: Federal money granted to the states.

Types of grants:1. Categorical-

A. Project-B. Formula-

2. Block grants-

Trends in grants:1. Federal money has increased

Trends in grants:1. Federal money has increased2. Increasing "conditions of aid" and

mandates

Trends in grants:1. Federal money has increased2. Increasing "conditions of aid" and

mandates3. Shift from categorical grants to block

grants