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Trends in Nutritional Ingredients for Beverages
Date: September 17, 2008Prepared for: International Citrus & Beverage Conference
Prepared by: Ram Chaudhari, Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer of Fortitech, Inc.
Overview
• Consumer Spending
• Beverage Market Drivers
• Hot Ingredients
• Technical Challenges in Beverage Fortification
North America &Global Snapshot ofFortified/FunctionalConsumer Spending
North America (U.S. & Canada)Fortified/Functional Beverage Spending
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
USD (Millions)
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Fortified/Functional BeveragesNorth America
•The fortified/functional beverage category has increased by nearly 90% from 2002 to 2006
•Energy Drinks, Bottled Water, and RTD tea have been the fastest growing categories from 2002 to 2006
• Fruit/Vegetable Juice, Bottled Water, Sports Drinks and Energy Drinks accounted for 91% of the beverage category spending in 2006
Numbers represented in USD (Millions)Source: Euromonitor
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006% Growth 2002-2006
$ Growth 2002-2006
Carbonates - Fortified/functional $0 $0 $40 $99 $417 n/a n/aFruit/vegetable juice - Fortified/functional $4,166 $4,428 $4,553 $4,814 $5,061 22% $896Bottled water - Fortified/functional $206 $341 $559 $908 $1,431 593% $1,225Sports drinks - Fortified/functional $4,610 $5,169 $5,788 $7,096 $7,882 71% $3,272Energy drinks - Fortified/functional $728 $1,019 $1,694 $2,751 $3,975 446% $3,247Elixirs - Fortified/functional $511 $541 $596 $630 $664 30% $153Concentrates - Fortified/functional $165 $160 $155 $151 $147 -11% -$17RTD tea - Fortified/functional $75 $113 $195 $268 $324 334% $249Hot drinks - Fortified/functional $154 $163 $171 $180 $190 24% $36
TOTAL $10,614 $11,935 $13,750 $16,897 $20,091 89% $9,478
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
USD (Millions)
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
BrazilMexico
Eur, Mid East & AfricaAsia Pacific & Australia
North America
Fortified/Functional Beverages Five Regions
Regional BreakoutFortified/Functional Beverage Spending
• Brazil was the fastest growing market, with 96% growth in the fortified/functional beverage category from 2002-2006
•North America had the largest dollar growth from 2002-2006 with nearly $9.5 Billion
Source: Euromonitor
Global BreakoutFortified/Functional Beverage Spending
$0$10,000$20,000$30,000$40,000$50,000
USD (Millions)
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Fortified/Functional BeveragesGlobal
•The global functional/fortified beverage category grew by nearly 15% from year-to-year from 2002-2006
•RTD Tea, Carbonates and Bottled water were the fastest growing segments within the beverage category
•Sports Drinks and Energy drinks had the largest dollar growth from 2002-2006 out of the entire global beverage category
Source: Euromonitor
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006% Growth 2002-2006
$ Growth 2002-2006
Carbonates - Fortified/functional $148 $168 $231 $598 $982 561% $833 Fruit/vegetable juice - Fortified/functional $7,130 $8,356 $9,050 $9,824 $10,765 51% $3,635 Bottled water - Fortified/functional $1,638 $2,269 $2,862 $3,169 $3,658 123% $2,020 Sports drinks - Fortified/functional $10,509 $11,580 $13,560 $15,326 $16,292 55% $5,784 Energy drinks - Fortified/functional $4,251 $4,989 $6,322 $7,740 $9,191 116% $4,940 Elixirs - Fortified/functional $562 $608 $676 $732 $771 37% $209 Concentrates - Fortified/functional $1,863 $2,036 $2,269 $2,585 $2,823 52% $960 RTD tea - Fortified/functional $399 $841 $1,464 $1,680 $1,766 343% $1,367 Asian speciality drinks - Fortified/functional $54 $89 $90 $79 $68 26% $14 Hot drinks - Fortified/functional $2,618 $2,995 $3,405 $3,829 $4,141 58% $1,524
TOTAL $29,171 $33,931 $39,931 $45,562 $50,456 73% $21,285
Beverage Market Drivers
Market Drivers
Healthier Drinks Toward
Children
Health Conscious
Society
Growth Of Aging Population
Hectic Lifestyle
Product Differentiation
Beverage Market Drivers
Market Drivers
Growth Of Aging Population
Beverage Market Drivers Hectic
Lifestyle
Healthier Drinks Toward
Children
Product Differentiation
RESULT
Total Health and WellnessFunctional Beverages
that deliver health benefits beyond basic nutrition
Well Balanced NutritionHealth conscious consumers
People trying to eat healthier grew by 30 million
between 2002 and 2006 (Mintel, 2007a)
DRIVER
Health conscious societyRising levels of obesity and
other health conditions
Media spotlight dangers of trans fats, E. Coli salmonella outbreaks
Shift from disease cure to disease prevention
Market Drivers
Health Conscious
Society
Beverage Market Drivers Hectic
Lifestyle
Healthier Drinks Toward
Children
Product Differentiation
RESULT
Products Offering AddedHealth Benefits
Products targeting health conditions
associated with agingHeart – Immunity – etc.
DRIVER
Growth of aging population100 Million Americans are
expected to be over 50 by 2010
Approaching 500 millionbaby boomers worldwide
Market Drivers
Health Conscious
Society
Growth Of Aging Population
Beverage Market Trends
Healthier Drinks Toward
Children
Product Differentiation
RESULT
ConvenienceBeverages play into
convenience & provide on-the-go
product solutions
DRIVER
Hectic Lifestyle People are facing greater time
pressure and are multi-tasking more
Rising cost of living means rise of dual income families
Market Drivers
Health Conscious
Society
Growth Of Aging Population
Beverage Market Drivers Hectic
Lifestyle Product
Differentiation
RESULT
Alternative to High Calories
and Sugary Carbonates Sugary/high calorie
carbonate consumption is declining
More nutrient dense products emerging
DRIVER
Healthier Drinks Toward ChildrenHigher awareness on keeping kids
healthy and reducing childhood obesity
Kids beverages are expected to grow to $5.8 billion by 2012(packaged facts “kids’
beverages in the US” report
Market Drivers
Health Conscious
Society
Growth Of Aging Population
Hectic Lifestyle
Beverage Market Drivers
Healthier Drinks Toward
Children
RESULT
Personalized ProductsVariety of products that
address mood, obesity, boost energy, etc.
DRIVER
Product DifferentiationCompanies looking for
competitive edge by adding in-demand ingredients &
targeting specific audience demographics/
health conditions
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea • Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Other Hot Ingredients Targeting Weight Management: Choline, Phytosterols, Vitamin D&K, Chromium and Selenium
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy• Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Other Hot Ingredients Targeting Energy: Chromium
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Other Hot Ingredients Targeting Skin/Anti-Wrinkles: Beta Carotene, Zeaxanthin, Lutein
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10• Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function• Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Other Hot Ingredients Targeting Enhanced Cognitive Function: Choline, Tocotrienols, Creatine, Phosphatidylserine, Green-Tea, GABA
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Other Hot Ingredients Targeting Sleep: L-Tryptophan, GABA, Melatonin, Chemomile, 5-HTP, Valerian
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3• Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Other Hot Ingredients Targeting Anti-Stress: GABA, St. John’s Wort
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Other Hot Ingredients Targeting Diabetes: Chromium
Hot Ingredients
• CoQ10 • Probiotics/Prebiotics• Taurine• Omega-3 • Green Tea• Antioxidants (A,C,E)• Superfruits• Calcium • Lycopene• B-complex • Fiber• Collagen • Aloe Vera (botanicals) • Zinc
• Weight Management• Cardiovascular • Energy • Joint Health• Immunity• Anti-Aging/Total
Wellness• Skin/Anti-Wrinkles• Enhanced Cognitive
Function • Sleep • Anti-Stress• Digestive Health • Diabetes• Anti-inflammatory
Other Hot Ingredients Targeting Anti-inflammatory: Selenium, Glutathione
Technical Challenges in Beverage Fortification
• Factors to consider for “Proper” Nutrient SystemSolubilitypH of the finished productStability of nutrientsType of finished productDose/BioavailabilityInteractions between nutrientsEffect of these interactions on bioavailability of the nutrientsEffect on taste, flavor and color of the finished productSafety/Toxicity
Building Premixes (Nutrient Systems)
Other factors to consider
TemperatureWaterpHOxygenLight (irradiation)Minerals (iron, copper…)EnzymesInteractionsTime
VITAMINS
• Sulfur dioxide has a detrimental effect on the thiamin resulting in instant degradation
• Some fruits used in fruit juices and fruit based drinks may have a carry over of sulfur dioxide
• Levels of sulfur dioxide should be determined prior to fortification and appropriate overages should be added to compensate for losses
Facts about Thiamin
• Riboflavin is very unstable to UV light and must be protected when in solution
• Any beverages containing riboflavin or vitamin B2 should be packed in brown bottles or UV barrier materials
Facts about Riboflavin
Stability of Nutrients
Effect of pH Air Maximum
Neutral Acid Alkaline or Cooking
Nutrient pH 7 <pH 7 >pH 7 Oxygen Light Heat Losses (%)
Vitamin A S U S U U U 40
Ascorbic Acid (C) U S U U U U 100
Biotin S S S S S U 60
Carotene (pro-A) S U S U U U 30
Choline S S S U S S 5
Cobalamin (B12) S S S U U S 10
Vitamin D S S U U U U 40
Folic Acid U U S U U U 100
Inositol S S S S S U 95
Vitamin K S U U S U S 5
Niacin S S S S S S 75
Pantothenic Acid S U U S S U 50
Stability of Nutrients
Effect of pH Air Maximum
Neutral Acid Alkaline or Cooking
Nutrient pH 7 <pH 7 >pH 7 Oxygen Light Heat Losses (%)
p-Aminobenzoic Acid S S S U S S 5
Pyridoxine (B6) S S S S U U 40
Riboflavin (B2) S S U S U U 75
Thiamin (B1) U S U U S U 80
Tocopherol (E) S S S U U U 55
Essential Fatty Acids S S U U U S 10
Mineral Salts S S S S S S 3
Potential for Color Problem
Fruit based beverages have a low pH
Solubilize most mineral salts
Increased reactivity of mineralsPotential to cause color problems
Increasepotential forbioavailability
Building a Premix
Time
Nut
rient
s Le
vel
Premix made Finished product made
End of finished product shelf life
Minimum label claim finished product
6 Months 0 1 yr 2 yrs
Premix Target Level
Premix Storage Loss
Processing Loss
Finished Product Storage Loss
• Color problem with sterile strawberry and chocolate liquid dietary products:
Use of high levels of• Insoluble Ca/Mg salts causes a lighter color due to a
diluent-like effect at high concentrationWhile opposite occurs with use of
• Soluble salts in chocolate dietary product probably due to reactions with phenolic compounds such as tannins in the chocolate
Potential for Color Problem
Color Problems:e.g. Darkening of Product
• Iron as Ferrous Sulfate (a ‘reactive’ form)• Iron reacts with phenolic compounds like tannins & forms a
blue/black color which gives a darker producte.g. Iron causes a grey color in milk and soy based isolate infant formulas
Vanilla flavored product + ferrous citrate
Powder form is white+ Milk
Reaction between sodium ascorbate, iron & vanilla(trace amounts of phenolic compounds)
Potential for Color Problem
Q. How do you deal with such color problems?To minimize or eliminate by:
• Changing the mineral source or
• Adding it to the product at a different stage in the process
e.g. Iron dry blended into the finished product might have better color than if it is added during the liquid stage
Potential for Color Problem
Off Flavor Due to Oxidation:
Cu & Fe are both transition metals. Both (especially iron) are pro-oxidants in products containing lipids.
The Fe+2 form facilitates oxidation of the lipids
leading to rancidity & “off” flavor
Potential for Taste Problem
Physical & Chemical Interactions (I)
Vitamin C
+ Magnesium
+ Iron/Copper
+ Chromium
+ Vitamin B1
Oxidation&
Discoloration
Rotten egg smell due
to “S”
Discoloration due to
impurities in Mg
Potential for Color and Taste Problem
Physical & Chemical Interactions (II)
Iodine + Starch
L-Carnitine+
Minerals
Choline Salt+
Minerals
Discoloration
Discoloration&
“Fishy” Smell(Trimethy Amine)
Potential for Color and Taste Problem
Nutrient to Nutrient Interactions
Positive• Vitamin C and Iron Improves the absorption of Iron• Vitamin E and A Stems to increase the
bioavailabilty of vitamin A (due to antioxidant activity of E for stabilization of A in GI tract)
• Vitamin C In UHT milk plays an important role in protection of the folatelight induced vitamin C loss from milk is reduced in the absence of B2
Negative• Vitamin C and
other trace minerals Increases the rate of ascorbic acid destruction (moisture dependent)
• Calcium Inhibitory effect on iron absorption• Phosphorous Negatively influences calcium
absorption due to Ca/P ratio greater than 1:1
• In solution Vitamin C Destabilize folic acid and vitamin B12
• Degradation productsof B1 Accelerates the rates of degradation
of folic acid and B12, whereas the presence of Fe salts in solution stabilizes B12
Nutrient to Nutrient Interactions
Negative• In solutions of B Vitamins Riboflavin can cause the oxidation of
B1. If Vitamin C is added then reaction doesn’t occur.
• Riboflavin Promotes oxidative degradation of folic acidAlso vitamin C loss occurs
Nutrient to Nutrient Interactions
How to minimize interactions
Approaches:
• Ideally, it is good to have vitamins & minerals separate as two different premixes to avoid interactions.
• If, for processing reasons, one wants to make a premix containing vitamins, minerals and trace minerals, then, depending on the application:
one can encapsulate some of the vitamins and minerals and minerals
e.g. Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, Cu, Fe, Mg, etc.
Proposed Concept of a Safe Range of Nutrient Intake
Observed Level of Intake
Ris
k of
In
adeq
uac
y 1.0
Ris
k of
Exc
ess
0.5
0
Average Requirement
Deficient
RDAUpperScale
0.5
0
1.0
Safe Range of Intake
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