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L2 Training Course
TRIATHLON AUSTRALIANOAS Level 2 Technical Official’s Training Programme –
Advanced Level Officiating Principles
1Version 4 June 2013
L2 Training CourseCOURSE CONTENT Introduction Unit 1: Advanced Self Management Unit 2: Managing the Competition Environment Unit 3: Advanced People Management Unit 4: ITU Competition Rules
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L2 Training CourseGROUND RULES
Mobile phones on silent please Participate fully Be open to learning new things Be supportive Please avoid side conversations Listen to others Have fun!
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L2 Training CourseINTRODUCTION
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• International Triathlon Union (ITU) - sole governing body • Founded in 1989 – First World Championships• Triathlon Australia (TA) is a founding member• Olympic sport since 2000
History
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Triathlon came to Australia in the early 1980s The first State Associations were formed in
late 1984 In May 1986 the Triathlon Federation of
Australia was formed In 1991 the name was changed to Triathlon
Australia (TA) TA is part of the Oceania Triathlon Union
along with New Zealand, PNG, Samoa etc.
History
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Our Events
Major GamesOlympic, YOG, Asian, Pan-American, Commonwealth
Triathlon World Championships(Part of World Triathlon Series)
Elite, U23, Junior, AG Olympic, AG Sprint, Paratriathlon
Triathlon World Cups
Triathlon Continental Championships
Triathlon Continental Cups
Multisport EventsTriathlon, Paratriathlon, Cross Triathlon, Winter Triathlon, Aquathlon, Duathlon
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APPLICATION OF THE RCR
The interpretation and application of the RCR shall be consistent with the status of the event
Mass participation “come and try” events – focus on education National series or prize money events – focus on enforcement Internationally televised events – focus on product In all types of events, SAFETY IS NOT COMPROMISED
PRODUCT
EDUCATION ENFORCEMENT
ITU event
National Champs or Ironman
Local event - with prize money
Local event - no prize money
“Come and Try” event
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Advanced Self Management
UNIT 1
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Career path Where do you see yourself in 5+ years?
Professional development plan TA State/National Calendar – pick events EOI for events – don’t forget to apply!
Seeking assistance with personal development Engage with colleagues, friends, work mates etc. to build your
confidence and skills Funding and self-funding
DEVELOPING OFFICIATING SKILLS
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On-going liaison with advisors and colleagues
Utilising technology
Personal self reflection
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
The best officials never stop learning……
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Assessing mental readiness Controlling/modifying mental approach What is your personal mental preparation plan
Group Activity – You are RR for the Bribie Island Triathlon. This is your first race and the weather forecast is not looking ideal, plus this will be your first race briefing. Work in pairs to list the key things you would do to mentally prepare for the event.
MENTAL SKILLS
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Advanced Managing the Competition Environment
UNIT 2
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Pre-event preparation Review of event material Recruit and allocate TO’s Communicate with the Race Director Contact TO’s and confirm attendance Collect everything you need:
RCR Rules and Policy Document Penalty Forms and Event Report Relevant paperwork (maps, sanction docs etc.) TO Gear (radios, vests, penalty box gear) Your gear!
COMPETITION MANAGEMENT
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On the Day Arrive first on the FOP and greet your officials Allocate roles and brief officials Distribute relevant gear Get officials into position
Transition for bike check etc. Meet with Race Director Check water temperature and post outcome Checked the course (medical, penalty box etc.) Locate motorcycles etc. Set time and location for TO bebrief
COMPETITION MANAGEMENT
TIP: Use the Post Event Report or TD checklist
so you don’t miss anything
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Preparation Delivery Components
Swim – course cutting, assistance Transition – helmets, bikes, gear, no riding Cycle – drafting, blocking, littering, penalty box Run- outside assistance, littering Queries – Race Referee
Group Activity: Have each person in the class present a section of a briefing for the Bribie Island Triathlon
RACE BRIEFING
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Allocate TO’s to penalty boxes and provide paperwork Check location and signage for Penalty Box(es) Brief Officials on PB procedure:
Athlete number is recorded and timer started Athlete must stand still and hold on to their bike and any gear If an athlete moves out of the penalty box for any reason the time begins again Release the athlete once the penalty has been served Complete paperwork Return all forms to the Race Referee. Reconcile activities with the Chief Cycle or RR
PENALTY BOX PROCEDURE
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Sanction document review Provide verbal & written reports Handle objections/protests/appeals Ensure all TO gear is collected and returned
Vests Helmets Penalty Box Material Radios
ADMINISTRATION
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Undertaking a risk assessment
Developing & implementing a risk management plan
Responding to identified problems
MANAGING RISK
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RISK MANAGEMENT PROCESS
5 Treat the risk
4 Evaluate the risk
3 Analyse the risk
2 Identify the risk
1 Establish the context
L2 Training CourseRISK MANAGEMENT PLANNING
What is the source of the risk? What can happen? What will the consequences be? How are you going to address the risk? What is your contingency plan?
Risks can be categorised into three areas: Environment Program Personnel
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A RISK MANAGEMENT PLANNER
Risk Identification Strategies to minimise risk
When Who
What is the source of the risk?Equipment is unstable
What can happen?Equipment could fall
What will the consequences be?The participant may sustain serious
injury…Participation numbers may fall due to unsafe practices…I may be sued for negligence
Remove the risk….Remove the equipment
Or
Reduce the risk…..Stabilise or lower the equipment
Immediately The official
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Group Activity: Work in pairs complete a risk assessment and solution exercise for the following scenario: You are the RR for the Bribie Triathlon and checking the forecast on the BOM site:
L2 Training CourseINSURANCE FOR OFFICIALS
Types of Insurance Personal Accident: covers an injury or loss to the official Public Liability: covers loss or damage to property, or injury due to negligence,
to a member of the public Professional Indemnity: covers the official if they have given an instruction
that a participant acts on and is injured or if the official failed to give an instruction and a participant is injured
Some policies require the official to be insured at the time of a claim, which could occur years after the actual incident occurred.
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GROUP ACTIVITY – Assessment of Sanction Document
Kingscliffe Triathlon Number of athletes = 1,000 Number of motorbikes = 4 Number of TO’s = 7
You will be split into groups and will review the sanction documents. Each group will also allocate the TOs they need:
Group 1 – Pre Race/Start/Swim Group 2 – Transition/Cycle Group 3 – Run/Finish/Post Race
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PENALTIES, PROTESTS & APPEALS
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L2 Training CourseNOTIFICATION OF PENALTIES
Technical Official’s Responsibilities Gain the attention of the competitor Confirm the competitor’s race number Show the Yellow or Red Card and inform the competitor of the rule infringement
and Advise the competitor of what action needs to be taken:
Stop-Start penalty on the course Proceed to the Penalty Box for a Time or Stop-Start Penalty
Competitor Conduct When shown a Yellow or Red Card by a Technical Official, a competitor must:
Confirm with the Technical Official their race number; and Acknowledge and obey any instruction from the Technical Official
L2 Training CoursePENALTIES
The following types of penalties may be applied for a rule infringement:
Stop – Start Penalty
Time Penalty
Disqualification
L2 Training CoursePENALTIES
Stop – Start Penalty This is an on the spot penalty for a minor infringement served with a
Technical Official either on the spot or in the Penalty Box. The competitor must:
Stop with Technical Official Listen to and acknowledge any verbal instructions Proceed when the Yellow Card has been withdrawn and it is safe to do so or the
Technical Official advises to do so
L2 Training CoursePENALTIES
Time Penalty To be served at a designated area on the cycle course (Penalty Box) For the Swim and Run segments (and also aquathlons) the TD and/or RR
should discuss with the Race Director as to whether a time penalty should apply in these segments. If a time penalty is to apply it will be 3 minutes
Cycle Course Distance Time Penalty
Up to and including 40km 3 minutes
40.1km and above 5 minutes30
L2 Training CoursePENALTIES
Disqualification This is awarded by the Race Referee
on personal observation as a result of a report made by a Technical Official or a finding by the Competition Jury
This removes the competitor as a finisher from the results of the event 2 or more Yellow Card violations during an event will be confirmed by the RR
as a disqualification Disqualifications are posted on the Penalties Notice Board usually near the
Finish
L2 Training CourseNOTIFICATION OF PENALTIES
Red Card Violations Where a red card has been shown the TO must inform the competitor that
they can continue and that a ruling will be made at the completion of the event
If the RR disqualifies the competitor, the ruling must be posted in a prominent location
The RR may wish to speak to the competitor Any postings NOT made within 1 hour of the last competitor finishing the
event are invalid TOs MUST fill out a Violation Report
L2 Training CourseINFRINGEMENT FLOW CHART
Infringement (Competitor)Red Card / Yellow Card (Technical)
Report Lodged (Technical Official)
Report Assessed (Race Referee)
No further action WarningDisqualification (Race Referee)
Disq. Advised (Race Referee)
L2 Training CoursePROTESTS
If a competitor has a concern regarding a penalty they have the opportunity to lodge a protest. This must be lodged with the RR within certain time limits
A protest cannot be made on an action that has already been adjudicated.
A protest cannot be made on a judgment call by a TO
L2 Training CoursePROTESTS
A competitor has the opportunity to protest about other aspects of the event, such as:
the Course eligibility Equipment another Competitor or an Official timekeeping
If they wish to lodge a Protest they must do this with the Race Referee within the guidelines in the TA RCR
L2 Training CoursePROTEST FLOW CHART
Protest Lodged (Competitor)
Protest Assessed(Race Referee)
Protest dismissed (Race Referee)
Competitor advised (Race Referee)
Protest Upheld (Race Referee)
Resulting Action(s) (Race Referee)
L2 Training CourseAPPEALS
A competitor may file an appeal with the Technical Delegate, or STTA representative if a Technical Delegate was not appointed, against a ruling of the Race Referee provided that the decision appealed against has not previously been the subject of an appeal and ruled upon by the Competition Jury.
An appeal cannot be made on a judgement call.
L2 Training CourseAPPEAL FLOW CHART
Appeal Lodged (Competitor)
Competition Jury Convened (Technical Delegate)
Appeal dismissed (Competition Jury)
Competitor advised (Technical Delegate)
Triathlon Australia Board
Appeal Upheld (Competition Jury)
RR and Competitor advised (Technical Delegate)
Resulting action(s)(Technical Delegate)
L2 Training CourseGROUP EXERCISE
SCENARIO 1 A distressed athlete crosses the finish line and seeks out the Race Referee
(RR). She tells the RR that her shoes were stolen in Transition by the athlete next to her.
You are the RR – discuss the process that would be followed to address the athlete’s issue.
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Group Activity: Work in groups of three. Take turns in being the athlete, RR and observer: You are the RR for the QTS Robina Triathlon. You are approached by an angry international elite athletes wishing to protest their disqualifications.Take a few minutes to prepare for a role play. Play out the scene and the observer can support, interject to assist etc. to work through the situation
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Advanced People Management
UNIT 3
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L2 Training CourseLEADING A TEAM OF OFFICIALS
Providing leadership to officials, pre, during and post competition
Co-operating and interacting with Officials Race organisers and their staff Coaches and athletes Volunteers The public
Mentoring a beginner official
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Technical Delegate (TD) Appointed by the TA board for all national championship events Appointed by the STTA for local events Responsible for ensuring that all aspects of the TA RCR, the sanctioning
documentation and Race Operations Procedures are fulfilled before, during and after the event
The TD is responsible for chairing the Competition Jury if needed The TD will be involved in / overseeing of sanctioning of the event The main work of the Technical Delegate occurs leading up to the event The TD has the final say on the deployment of TOs
TECHNICAL OFFICIALS STRUCTURE
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Race Referee (RR) Appointed in the same way as the Technical Delegate
The Race Referee is responsible to the Technical Delegate to hear and make final decisions on all rules violations reported by Technical Officials and on all protests
Technical Officials report all issues and violations directly to the Race Referee or the Chief Official (if appointed) of the relevant area.
Example: All drafting penalties would be passed on to the Chief Cycle Official to give to the Race Referee
TECHNICAL OFFICIALS STRUCTURE
L2 Training CourseTECHNICAL OFFICIALS STRUCTURE
Chief Race Official (CRO)
Appointed in the same way as the TD and RR
Responsible to the Technical Delegate for the control and co-ordination of the deployment of Technical Officials
Point of contact if the Race Referee is unavailable
L2 Training CourseTECHNICAL OFFICIALS STRUCTURE
Chief Officials (CO): Appointed by the TD Positions include: Chief Swim, Chief Cycle, Chief Run, Chief Transition
Technical Officials (TOs) Appointed by the TD Responsible to their respective COs (if appointed) or the RR Application of the TA RCR in accordance with the level requested by the
RR
L2 Training CourseTECHNICAL OFFICIALS STRUCTURE
Technical Delegate (TD)
Chief Race Official (CRO)
Race Director (RD)
Race Referee (RR)
Race Competition Jury
Assistant ChiefSwim
Assistant ChiefCycle
Assistant ChiefRun
Assistant ChiefTransition
Tech. OfficialsSwim
Tech. OfficialsCycle
Tech. OfficialsRun
Tech. OfficialsTransition
Race Operations & Administration
Assistant ChiefStart/Finish
Tech. OfficialsStart/Finish
L2 Training CourseEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Utilise effective communication skills Active listening Respond to athletes/coaches/officials Work with team captains Understand and work to the appropriate
Roles and Responsibilities
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L2 Training CourseMINIMISING CONFLICT
Implement a preventative approach to minimise conflict Adopt a suitable approach to deal with difficult situations Using other peoples skills to assist with conflict resolution Remember the TO Code of Behaviour – signed by all technical officials Remember the TA Members Protection Policy
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L2 Training CourseSCENARIO 1
There was a problem identified by the RR at a local race. Overnight the entrance to the exit of the swim was washed away due to a freak storm overnight. The RR found the RD on race day and informed him that the swim exit will need to move. He was greeted with a not so happy RD who refused to do fix the problem.
As the Technical Delegate What do you do? How do you respond to the RD directly?
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L2 Training CourseSCENARIO 2
A competitor comes into Transition from the Swim and collapses. She is distressed, complaining that she cannot see properly. The Transition Technical Official approaches the athlete to arrange medical assistance. A coach jumps the fence into Transition and starts yelling at the distressed athlete to continue racing. She eventually recovers sufficiently to collect her bike and continue racing.
You are the RR and the incident is reported to you during the course of the bike leg.
As the Race Referee? What actions would you take? How do you respond to the Coach?
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L2 Training CourseSCENARIO 3
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What would you do with this?
(bike racking the day before)
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ITU Competition Rules
UNIT 4
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The ITU Competition Rules are intended to: Create an atmosphere of sportsmanship, equality, and fair
play. Provide safety and protection. Emphasise ingenuity and skill without unduly limiting the
athlete’s freedom of action. Penalise athletes who gain an unfair advantage. Endorse the principle that Triathlon and Duathlon are
individual sports and encourage individual performance and initiative.
ITU Competition Rules
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ITU Events have a high level of deliverables and therefore have procedures in place to address this.
STT appointed by the ITU or OTU Pre-race briefing 48 hours prior to the event (Elite) Athlete’s gear is checked and all aspects must comply with
the uniform guidelines and UCI guidelines Protocol in place for:
Athlete registration Athlete introduction Awards protocol Swim Start
General Differences
L2 Training CourseITU Athletes’ Lounge
TO’s ready for uniform check;timing chips, swim caps
A neat and tidy athlete’s lounge awaits athletes at the 2011
Auckland world Cup
L2 Training Course Drug testing Bottled water Media presence (the level depends on the event) Events adhere to a tight time schedule Strict timing requirements – photo finish camera etc. Technical Officials have clearly defined tasks that they
are expected to perform TO checklist Roles and Responsibilities are similar but there are differences All infringements must be filmed or photographed
General Differences
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Age Group Athletes
ITU: Wetsuit Temperature Limits
Swim Length Forbidden Above Mandatory Below
Up to 1500m 20o C 14o C
1501m and longer 22o C 16o C
Swim Length Forbidden Above Mandatory Below
Up to 1500m 22o C 14o C
1501m – 3000m 23o C 16o C
3001m – 4000m 24o C 16o C
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Age Group athletes
ITU: Time Limits in Water
Swim Length Elite, U23, Junior Age Group
300m 10 min. 20 min.
750m 20 min. 30 min.
1500m 30 min. 1 h 10 min.
3000m 1 h 15 min. 1 h 40 min.
4000m 1 h 45 min. 2 h 15 min.
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Athletes are lined up for the start based on their world ranking they have been reallocated after the Athletes’ Briefing.
The athletes selected a numbered position and stay in that position until the start.
Start-line Technical Officials note each athlete’s race number and the selected starting position.
When all athletes are in place, TO’s raise red flags in readiness
ITU Elite Swim Start
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Bike shoes, glasses, helmet, and other bike equipment can be placed on the bike.
Running shoes can be placed in front of/outside the box as close as possible to the bike rack;
Athletes must place all used gear in the Transition box. Infringements incur a 15 second time penalty
Athletes mounting the bike too early or dismounting too late will incur a 15 second time penalty
ITU Transition Zone Conduct
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A bike check will take place upon Check-in to the Transition Area before the competition. Technical Officials will check that the bikes comply with the ITU Competition Rules.
How? Visual check of bikes/helmets Who? Transition Officials/Referee Where? TA entrance When? 45’ before the race start
Athletes may request approval from the Technical Delegate during the Athletes’ Briefing to allow them to make modifications, if necessary, to comply with the rules.
ITU Transition Check In
L2 Training Course In general, UCI rules will apply:
UCI road race rules for draft legal triathlon and duathlon races. UCI time trial rules for draft illegal triathlon and duathlon races. UCI MTB rules for winter triathlon, cross triathlon and cross duathlon races.
ITU Cycling Conduct - Bikes
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ITU Cycling Conduct - Drafting
Junior U23 Elite Age–Group ParatriathlonTRIATHLONTeam Relay legal legal legalSprint Distance legal legal legal illegal illegalStandard Distance legal legal illegal illegalLong Distance Triathlon (O2, O3) illegal illegal illegal
DUATHLONTeam Relay legal legal legalSprint Distance legal legal legal illegal illegalStandard Distance Legal legal illegal illegalLong Distance illegal illegal illegalAQUATHLONWINTER TRIATHLON (all distances) legal
CROSS TRIATHLON AND DUATHLON (all distances) legal
L2 Training CourseITU Draft Zones
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ITU Cycling Conduct
L2 Training CourseITU Cycling Conduct
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Chief Wheel Station Official Assistant Wheel Station Officials (1-5)
Ensure that all wheels are delivered Brief any wheel station officials and volunteers Supervise wheel stations Communicate with Chief Cycle Official about and
potential issues on the bike course Ensure wheels return to rightful owner Notify Referee of any wheels used during a wheel
station
ITU Wheel Station Official’s Duties
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Chief Lap Auditor Official Assistant Lap Auditor Official (1)
Ensure the lap boards and bell are in position for cycle
Ensure the lap boards and bell are in position for run
Report over the radio to all Technical Officials when the leaders have completed each lap
ITU Lap Auditor Official’s duties
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General rules Finish Definition
An athlete will be judged as "finished," the moment any part of the torso, reaches the perpendicular line extending from the leading edge of the finish line.
Safety Guidelines Illegal equipment
ITU Run Conduct
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Chief Run Official Assistant Run Official (1)
Verify course measurement Ensure traffic controlled and road closure safety on run Ensure that athletes who retire from the run course are escorted safely back to
transition Check road surface, topography, technical challenges Ensure that all hazards are covered and marked Ensure the course is swept or clear of any hazards Ensure that there are whistles and flags in key areas Control de first and last athlete
ITU Run official’s duties
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Chief Run penalty box official Assistant Run penalty box official (1-2)
Upon notice from the Chief Transition Official, the technical official must record the athlete’s number who performed an infringement, on the penalty board outside the penalty box area.
As an athlete stops at the entry to the PENALTY BOX, record the RACE NUMBER and their watch time PLUS the penalty time on the Athlete Card .
Direct the athlete to the next position in the PENALTY BOX. Strikethrough the athlete’s race number on the penalty board after the athlete
fulfills the penalty. When all athletes finished, return the Register, Athlete Cards (held by the
Volunteer) and any unused stationery to the Race Referee.
ITU Run Penalty Box official’s duties
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Athlete’s approach the Penalty Box
Anja Dittmer serves a 15 sec penalty
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Chief Aid Station Official Assistant Aid Station Officials (2-4)
Ensure that all and enough water delivered is supervised by an official
Ensure that there are enough aid station volunteers
Brief all aid station officials and volunteers Ensure that aid stations are well stocked
throughout the race Communicate with Chief Run Official about
and potential issues on the run course Supervise aid stations
ITU Aid Station official’s duties
L2 Training Course
Chief Finish Official Review set-up plans with the TD Secure finish line tape Supervise the placement of the finish line Organise a briefing with chief of medical and media manager to review roles
in finish area Brief the media prior to the finish re: finish-line and timing so they can get
their long shots Supervise flow through area and security Supervise the positioning of the video camera
ITU Finish official’s duties
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Supervise the position of the photo finish camera Supervise timing equipment placement Ensure minimum of 15m from gantry to media stand Ensure athletes do not cross back over the finish line Ensure athletes leave from the finish area Ensure that experienced technical officials hold the finish line tape and that
they are prepared to make the first level decision in the event of a tie. In the event of a tie, assemble all of the evidence (finish line officials, video)
ITU Finish official’s duties
L2 Training CourseTHANKS FOR JOINING THE TEAM!
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