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Trope Class #2• Administrative

– Audio recording on– Slide handout– Classes on February 1 & 8, March 1

• Next class is next Sunday (Feb 1)– If miss class, go to www.klerman.com and click on “LL&V”

• Can download slides, handout, and audio recording– Reserve Saturday, March 7 to read in synagogue– Sign up for individual meetings before or after class on February 1

• Agenda for today– Zakef Katon sequences– Sof Aliyah– Review and synthesis– Logic of Zakef Katon sequences– By end of today’s class, you will be able to chant about 2/3rds of the Torah

• Including many full sentences

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Note that it is not . This happens when:

1) The preceding word ends in a vowel (open syllable).2) The preceding word has a conjunctive trope, such as Mappach, Merchah

Munach, Kadmah (next slide) or Tlishah Kitanah (which you will learn in a few weeks).

The same rule applies with and

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Note Kadma and Pashtah look the same. Pashtah is always followed by Munach or Katon. Kadma never is.

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In most texts, Yetiv looks like Mappach, except Yetiv is in placed to the right of the first letter. Also, Yetiv is always followed by Munach or Katon, whereas Mappach is always followed by Pashtah.

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Sof Pasuk for End of Aliyah

Note. Even if the end of the aliyah has no Merchah or only one Merchah, you fit in the full trope of this sequence, as though there were two Merchahs, putting the extra musical notes on the Tipchah and/or Sof Pasuk.

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Review and Synthesis

And it happen-ed

in that time,

from among his brothers,

Logic of Trope: Zakef Katon I

that Judah went down

…

8. Put Pashtah on the last word of the 1st new phrase.

9. If there is a word in the phrase before Tippchah, put Merchah under it.

10. If there is a word in the phrase before Etnachtah, put Munach under it.

11. If there is a word in the phrase before (zakef) katon, put Munach under it.

1. Divide the sentence in half.

2. Put Etnachtah under the last word in first phrase

3. Put Sof Pasuk on the last word in second phrase.

4. Divide each phrase in half

5. If there are more than two words in the 2nd phrase, divide it again and put Tippcha under the last word of the first new phrase.

6. Put (zakef) katon on the last word of the first phrase

7. If the first phrase is more than two words, divide it again.

And she did it again

and gave birth to a son,

and he was

Logic of Trope: Zakef Katon II

and she called his name

1. Divide the sentence in half.

2. Put Etnachtah under the last word in first phrase

3. Divide each phrase in half

4. If there are more than two words in the 2nd phrase, divide it again and put Tippcha under the last word of the first new phrase.

5. Put (zakef) katon on the last word of the first phrase

6. If the first phrase is more than two words, divide it again.

7. Put Pashtah on the last word of the 1st new phrase.

10.If there is a word in the phrase before Tippchah, put Merchah under it.

11. If there is a word in the phrase before Etnachtah, put Munach under it.

12. If there is a word in the phrase before Sof Pasuk, put Merchah under it.

13.If there is a word in the phrase before (zakef) katon, put Munach under it.

14.If there is a word in the phrase before Pashtah, put Mapach under it.

...

Shelah,

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Logic of Trope: Yetiv• Yetiv, or , substitutes for pashtah,

when– Accent is on the first syllable, and– There is no mappach, , preceding the

word

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Logic of Trope III• Sof Pasuk • Etnachtah • Tipchah • Zakef Katon– Used when division of sentence leaves too many words before Sof

Pasuk or Etnachtah• Pashtah– Division before Zakef Katon

• Yetiv – Division before Zakef Katon– Used when accent on first syllable and no Mappach before it

• Merchah, , Munach, , Mappach, , Kadmah– Conjunctives– With words closely connected to the words that follow

Level 1 Disjunctives

Level 2 Disjunctives

Level 3 Disjunctives

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What To Do Before Next Class• Read your aliyah in Hebrew without trope• Use translation to understand the meaning of each Hebrew word in

your aliyah• Chant the parts of your aliyah with trope that you have learned so far• Listen to CD of Cantor Barugel in car or on phone or iPod• Play trope on musical instrument• Sing along with PocketTorah Trope• Other resources (Optional)– Trope Trainer• www.kinnor.com• $115-$155 for PC or Mac• $25 for iPhone + in-app purchases