Trucks 2010Emissions ServiceInformation · Group28 EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble Codes(DTCs) SAEJ1939FMITable FMI SAEText 0 Datavalidbutabovenormaloperationalrange-Mostseverelevel

Service InformationTrucks

Group 28Release2

Engine Control Module (ECM), Diagnostic Trouble Code(DTC), Guide

2010 Emissions

89046912

Foreword

Order number: PV776-89046912Repl: PV776-89043080

©2012 Volvo Group North America, Inc., Greensboro, NC USA

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system,or transmitted in any forms by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording orotherwise, without the prior written permission of Volvo Trucks North America, a division of VolvoGroup North America, Inc.

The descriptions and service procedures contained in this manual are based on designs andtechnical studies carried out through January 2012.

The products are under continuous development. Vehicles and components produced after theabove date may therefore have different specifications and repair methods. When this is deemedto have a significant bearing on this manual, an updated version of this manual will be issued tocover the changes.

The new edition of this manual will update the changes.

In service procedures where the title incorporates an operation number, this is a reference to anV.S.T. (Volvo Standard Times).

Service procedures which do not include an operation number in the title are for general informationand no reference is made to an V.S.T.

Each section of this manual contains specific safety information and warnings which must bereviewed before performing any procedure. If a printed copy of a procedure is made, be sure toalso make a printed copy of the safety information and warnings that relate to that procedure. Thefollowing levels of observations, cautions and warnings are used in this Service Documentation:

Note: Indicates a procedure, practice, or condition that must be followed in order to have thevehicle or component function in the manner intended.

Caution: Indicates an unsafe practice where damage to the product could occur.

Warning: Indicates an unsafe practice where personal injury or severe damage to the productcould occur.

Danger: Indicates an unsafe practice where serious personal injury or death could occur.

Volvo Trucks North America, a division of Volvo Group North America, Inc.Greensboro, NC USA

USA52128

ContentsTroubleshooting .......................................................................................................................... 1Engine Control Module (ECM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) ..................................................... 1

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Group 28 Engine Control Module (ECM) Diagnostic TroubleCodes (DTCs)

TroubleshootingEngine Control Module (ECM) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)The manufacturer scan tool is the preferred tool forperforming diagnostic work. Contact your local dealer formore information or visit “www.premiumtechtool.com”.

Note: The use of a scan tool is necessary to perform diagnosticwork as well as clearing of any diagnostic trouble codes(DTCs). DTC(s) can no longer be cleared using the vehiclesinstrument cluster digital display and stalk switch control.

System OverviewSix electronic control units (ECUs) are used; the engine controlmodule (ECM), instrument control module (ICM), VehicleElectronic Control Unit (VECU), transmission control module(TCM), the gear selector control module (GSCM) and theaftertreatment control module (ACM). Together, these modulesoperate and communicate through the SAE J1939 (CAN1) data link to control a variety of engine and vehicle cabfunctions. The ECM controls such things as fuel timing anddelivery, fan operation, engine protection functions, enginebrake operation, the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valveand the turbocharger nozzle. The VECU controls cruisecontrol functions, accessory relay controls and idle shutdownfunctions. The ICM primarily displays operational parametersand communicates these to the other ECUs. All have thecapability to communicate over the SAE J1587 data linkprimarily for programming, diagnostics and data reporting.

In addition to their control functions, the modules have onboard diagnostic (OBD) capabilities. The OBD is designed todetect faults or abnormal conditions that are not within normaloperating parameters. When the system detects a fault orabnormal condition, the fault will be logged in one or both ofthe modules' memory, the vehicle operator will be advised thata fault has occurred by illumination a malfunction indicatorlamp (MIL) and a message in the driver information display,if equipped. The module may initiate the engine shutdownprocedure if the system determines that the fault could damagethe engine.

In some situations when a fault is detected, the system willenter a "derate" mode. The derate mode allows continuedvehicle operation but the system may substitute a sensoror signal value that may result in reduced performance. Insome instances, the system will continue to function butengine power may be limited to protect the engine and vehicle.Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) logged in the system memorycan later be read, to aid in diagnosing the problem using adiagnostic computer or through the instrument cluster display,if equipped. When diagnosing an intermittent DTC or condition,it may be necessary to use a scan tool connected to the SerialCommunication Port.

The use of a scan tool is necessary to perform diagnostic workas well as clearing of any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).DTC(s) can no longer be cleared using the vehicles instrumentcluster digital display and stalk switch control. Additionaldata and diagnostic tests are available when a scan tool isconnected to the Serial Communication Port.

For diagnostic software, contact your local dealer.

The ECM is a microprocessor based controller programmedto perform fuel injection quantity and timing control, diagnosticfault logging, and to broadcast data to other ECUs. The fuelquantity and injection timing to each cylinder is preciselycontrolled to obtain optimal fuel economy and reduced exhaustemissions in all driving situations.

The ECM controls the operation of the injectors, engine brakesolenoid, EGR valve, turbocharger nozzle position, and coolingfan clutch based on inputs from many sensors and informationreceived over the data links from other ECUs.

The VECU and ECM are dependent on each other to performtheir specific control functions. In addition to switch and sensordata, the broadcast of data between modules also includesvarious calculations and conclusions that each module hasdeveloped, based on the input information it has received.

1


System Electronic Control Unit (ECU) OverviewThe engine control module (ECM) monitors and models (usingphysical principles) engine parameters to monitor the enginesystem's performance in real time. This is performed to aid theECM with its self diagnostic capabilities. Many sensors areused for input to the emission control system.

The system contains the following “emission critical” ECUsthat are monitored;

• Engine Control Module (ECM)

• Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (VECU)

• Aftertreatment Control Module (ACM)

• Aftertreatment Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Sensors

• Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) SmartRemote Actuator (SRA)

These ECUs all communicate with the ECM via data links. TheVECU communicates across the SAE J1939 (CAN1) data linkwhile the others use the SAE J1939-7 (CAN2) data link.The OBD systems use SAE J1939 data link protocol forcommunication with scan tools but, VOLVO trucks still arecapable of communicating via the SAE J1587 data link fordiagnostics. The use of a scan tool is necessary to performdiagnostic work as well as clearing of any diagnostic troublecodes (DTCs). DTC(s) can no longer be cleared using thevehicles instrument cluster digital display and stalk switchcontrol.

There are other ECUs such as the Instrument Control Module(ICM), Transmission Control Module (TCM) and Anti-lockBrake System (ABS) Module that provide data to the emissioncontrol system or the diagnostic system but are not “emissioncritical”.

Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL), Description and LocationA MIL located in the instrument cluster. This amber coloredlamp is used to inform the driver that a “emission critical”malfunction signal has occurred.

W2036007

SAE J1939 Data Link CommunicationThe electronic control units (ECUs) that communicate on theSAE J1939 data link, communicate according to the SAEJ1587 standard. The diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) set bythe ECUs contain information that is described by the followingabbreviations.

SA Source Address:Identification of a control module.

SPN Suspect Parameter Number:Identification of a parameter (value).

FMI Failure Mode Identifier:Identification of fault types.

2


SAE J1939 FMI Table

FMI SAE Text

0 Data valid but above normal operational range - Most severe level

1 Data valid but below normal operational range - Most severe level

2 Data erratic, intermittent or incorrect

3 Voltage above normal, or shorted to high source

4 Voltage below normal, or shorted to low source

5 Current below normal or open circuit

6 Current above normal or grounded circuit

7 Mechanical system not responding or out of adjustment

8 Abnormal frequency or pulse width or period

9 Abnormal update rate

10 Abnormal rate of change

11 Root cause not known

12 Bad intelligent device or component

13 Out of calibration

14 Special instructions

15 Data valid but above normal operating range - Least severe level

16 Data valid but above normal operating range - Moderately severe level

17 Data valid but below normal operating range - Least severe level

18 Data valid but below normal operating range - Moderately severe level

19 Received network data in error

20 Reserved for SAE assignment











31 Condition exists

3


SAE J1587 Data Link CommunicationThe electronic control units (ECUs) also communicate on theSAE J1587 data link. These ECUs communicate according tothe SAE J1587 standard. The standard has been extendedwith VOLVO’s own supplement (PPID, PSID). The diagnostictrouble codes (DTCs) set by the ECUs contain information thatis described by the following abbreviations.

MID Message Identification Description:Identification of a control module.

PID Parameter Identification Description:Identification of a parameter (value).

PPID Proprietary Parameter IdentificationDescription Volvo:Unique identification of a parameter (value).

SID Subsystem Identification Description:Identification of a component.

PSID Proprietary Subsystem IdentificationDescription Volvo :Unique identification of a component.

FMI Failure Mode Identifier:Identification of fault types.

SAE J1587 FMI Table

FMI SAE Text

0 Data valid, but above the normal working range

1 Data valid, but below the normal working range

2 Intermittent or incorrect data

3 Abnormally high voltage or short circuit to higher voltage

4 Abnormally low voltage or short circuit to lower voltage

5 Abnormally low current or open circuit

6 Abnormally high current or short circuit to ground

7 Incorrect response from a mechanical system

8 Abnormal frequency

9 Abnormal update rate

10 Abnormally strong vibrations

11 Non-identifiable fault

12 Faulty module or component

13 Calibration values outside limits

14 Special instructions

15 Reserved for future use

4


Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) ContentSPN 0–500

• “ECM SPN 84, Wheel-Based Vehicle Speed – MID 128PID 84”, page 10

• “ECM SPN 91, Accelerator Pedal Position 1 – MID 128PID 91”, page 10

• “ECM SPN 94, Engine Fuel Delivery Pressure – MID 128PID 94”, page 11

• “ECM SPN 97, Water in Fuel Indicator – MID 128 PID 97”,page 11

• “ECM SPN 98, Engine Oil Level – MID 128 PID 98”, page12

• “ECM SPN 100, Engine Oil Pressure – MID 128 PID 100”,page 13

• “ECM SPN 102, Engine Intake Manifold 1 Pressure – MID128 PID 102”, page 14

• “ECM SPN 103, Engine Turbocharger 1 Speed – MID 128PID 103”, page 15

• “ECM SPN 105, Engine Intake Manifold 1 Temperature –MID 128 PID 105”, page 16

• “ECM SPN 108, Barometric Pressure – MID 128 PID 108”,page 17

• “ECM SPN 110, Engine Coolant Temperature – MID 128PID 110”, page 17

• “ECM SPN 111, Engine Coolant Level – MID 128 PID 111”,page 18

• “ECM SPN 153, Engine High Resolution CrankcasePressure – MID 128 PID 153/PSID 23”, page 19

• “ECM SPN 158, Keyswitch Battery Potential – MID 128PID 158/PSID 124”, page 20

• “ECM SPN 171, Ambient Air Temperature – MID 128 PID171”, page 21

• “ECM SPN 173, Engine Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) –MID 128 PID 173 ”, page 22

• “ECM SPN 175, Engine Oil Temperature 1 – MID 128 PID175”, page 23

• “ECM SPN 177, Transmission Oil Temperature – MID 128PID 177”, page 24

• “ECM SPN 188, Engine Speed At Idle, Point 1 (EngineConfigurations) – MID 128 PID 188”, page 24

• “ECM SPN 190, Engine Speed – MID 128 PID 190”, page24

• “ECM SPN 228, Speed Sensor Calibration – MID 128 PID228”, page 25

• “ECM SPN 237, Vehicle Identification Number – MID 128PSID 161”, page 25

• “ECM SPN 245, Total Vehicle Distance – MID 128 PID245”, page 25

• “ECM SPN 251, Time – MID 128 PID 251”, page 26

• “ECM SPN 252, Date – MID 128 PID 252”, page 27

• “ECM SPN 411, Engine Exhaust Gas RecirculationDifferential Pressure – MID 128 PID 411”, page 27

• “ECM SPN 412, Engine Exhaust Gas RecirculationTemperature – MID 128 PID 412”, page 28

5


SPN 500–999

• “ECM SPN 558, Accelerator Pedal 1 Idle Validation Switch– MID 128 SID 230”, page 29

• “ECM SPN 626, Intake Air Heater (IAH) Relay – MID 128PID 45”, page 30

• “ECM SPN 628, Program Memory – MID 128 SID 240”,page 30

• “ECM SPN 629, Electronic Control Unit (ECU) 1 – MID128 SID 254”, page 31

• “ECM SPN 630, Calibration Memory – MID 128 SID 253”,page 31

• “ECM SPN 631, Calibration Module – MID 128 PSID77/PSID 124”, page 32

• “ECM SPN 633, Engine Fuel Actuator 1 Control Command– MID 128 SID 18”, page 32

• “ECM SPN 636, Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP) – MID128 SID 21”, page 32

• “ECM SPN 637, Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP) – MID128 SID 22”, page 34

• “ECM SPN 639, SAE J1939 Data Link 1 – MID 128 SID231”, page 35

• “ECM SPN 641, Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger(VGT) Actuator 1 – MID 128 SID 27”, page 35

• “ECM SPN 642, Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger(VGT) Actuator 2 – MID 128 PPID 89”, page 36

• “ECM SPN 647, Engine Fan Clutch Output Device Driver –MID 128 SID 33”, page 36

• “ECM SPN 651, Engine Injector Cylinder 1 – MID 128 SID1”, page 37






• “ECM SPN 677, Engine Starter Motor Relay – MID 128SID 39”, page 41

• “ECM SPN 729, Intake Air Heater (IAH) 1 – MID 128 SID70”, page 42

• “ECM SPN 730, Intake Air Heater (IAH) 2 – MID 128 SID71”, page 42

• “ECM SPN 975, Estimated Percent Fan Speed – (MID 128PID 26)”, page 43

6


SPN 1000–1999

• “ECM SPN 1072, Engine Compression Brake Output #1 –MID 128 PPID 122”, page 44

• “ECM SPN 1127, Engine Turbocharger Intake ManifoldPressure (IMP) – MID 128 PSID 98”, page 45

• “ECM SPN 1136, Engine Control Module (ECM)Temperature – MID 128 PPID 55”, page 46

• “ECM SPN 1198, Anti–theft Random Number – MID 128PID 224”, page 46

• “ECM SPN 1231, SAE J1939 Data Link 2 – MID 128 PSID229”, page 47

• “ECM SPN 1265, Engine Piston Cooling Oil PressureActuator – MID 128 SID 85”, page 47

• “ECM SPN 1322, Engine Misfire for Multiple Cylinders –MID 128 PSID 27”, page 48

• “ECM SPN 1659, Engine Coolant System Thermostat –MID 128 PSID 109”, page 48

• “ECM SPN 1675, Engine Starter Mode – MID 128 SID39”, page 48

• “ECM SPN 1677, Aftertreatment DPF Auxiliary HeaterMode – MID 128 PSID 25”, page 49

• “ECM SPN 1761, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Tank Level – PPID 278”, page 49

SPN 2000–2999

• “ECM SPN 2003, Transmission Control Module (TCM)Status – MID 128 PSID 205”, page 50

• “ECM SPN 2017, Cruise Control Status – MID 128 PID85”, page 50

• “ECM SPN 2029, Invalid or Missing Data from Vehicle ECU– MID 128 PSID 201”, page 50

• “ECM SPN 2629, Engine Turbocharger Compressor OutletTemperature – MID 128 PID 404”, page 51

• “ECM SPN 2659, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)Mass Flow Rate – MID 128 PPID 35”, page 51

• “ECM SPN 2791, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)Valve Control – MID 128 SID 146”, page 52

• “ECM SPN 2836, Battery Potential/Switched Voltage – MID128 PSID 49”, page 52

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SPN 3000–3999

• “ECM SPN 3031, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Tank Temperature – MID 128 PPID 274”, page 53

• “ECM SPN 3064, Aftertreatment DPF System Monitor –MID 128 PPID 326”, page 53

• “ECM SPN 3216, Aftertreatment Intake NOx – MID 128PPID 348”, page 54

• “ECM SPN 3226, Aftertreatment Outlet NOx – MID 128PPID 270/ PSID 90”, page 54

• “ECM SPN 3245, Aftertreatment DPF Outlet Temperature –MID 128 PPID 436”, page 55

• “ECM SPN 3249, Aftertreatment DPF Intake Temperature– MID 128 PPID 387”, page 56

• “ECM SPN 3251, Aftertreatment DPF Differential Pressure– MID 128 PID 81”, page 57

• “ECM SPN 3363, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Tank Heater – MID 128 PSID 75”, page 57

• “ECM SPN 3471, Aftertreatment Fuel Pressure ControlActuator – MID 128 PPID 328”, page 58

• “ECM SPN 3480, Aftertreatment DPF Fuel Pressure – MID128 PPID 437/PSID 108”, page 58

• “ECM SPN 3483, Aftertreatment Regeneration Status –MID 128 PSID 47”, page 60

• “ECM SPN 3492, Aftertreatment 1 Air System Relay – MID128 PPID 340”, page 61

• “ECM SPN 3509, Sensor Supply Voltage 1 – MID 128 SID232”, page 61

• “ECM SPN 3510, Sensor Supply Voltage 2 – MID 128 SID211”, page 61

• “ECM SPN 3511, Sensor Supply Voltage 3 – MID 128 PSID113”, page 62

• “ECM SPN 3512, Sensor Supply Voltage 4 – MID 128PSID 126”, page 62

• “ECM SPN 3522, Aftertreatment Total Fuel Used – MID128 PSID 91”, page 62

• “ECM SPN 3556, Aftertreatment Hydrocarbon Doser – MID128 PPID 329”, page 63

• “ECM SPN 3597, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) Regeneration too Frequent – MID 128 PSID 119”,page 64

• “ECM SPN 3675, Engine Turbocharger CompressorBypass Valve Position – MID 128 PPID 330”, page 65

• “ECM SPN 3720, Aftertreatment DPF Ash Load Percent –MID 128 PPID 337”, page 66

• “ECM SPN 3936, Aftertreatment DPF System – MID 128PSID 28”, page 66

8


SPN 4000–5500

• “ECM SPN 4094, NOx Limits Exceeded Due to InsufficientDiesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Quality – MID 128 PSID 90”,page 66

• “ECM SPN 4095, NOx Limits Exceeded Due to InterruptedDiesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing – MID 128 PSID 90”,page 67

• “ECM SPN 4334, Afterteatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)Dosing Absolute Pressure – MID 128 PPID 273”, page 67

• “ECM SPN 4339, Aftertreatment SCR Feedback ControlStatus – MID 128 PSID 90”, page 68

• “ECM SPN 4354, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Line Heater 1 – MID 128 PSID 103”, page 68

• “ECM SPN 4356, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Line Heater 3 – MID 128 PSID 102”, page 69

• “ECM SPN 4374, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Pump Motor Speed – MID 128 PSID 87”, page 69

• “ECM SPN 4375, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust FluidPump (DEF) Drive Percentage – MID 128 PSID 121”, page70

• “ECM SPN 4376, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Return Valve – MID 128 PSID 105”, page 71

• “ECM SPN 4752, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)Cooler Efficiency – MID 128 SID 282”, page 71

• “ECM SPN 4811, Engine Piston Cooling Oil Pressure –MID 128 PPID 8”, page 72

• “ECM SPN 4813, Engine Oil Thermostat Bypass ValveOpening – MID 128 PSID 72”, page 72

• “ECM SPN 4815, Engine Cooling Fan Thermal SwitchPosition – MID 128 PPID 333”, page 73

• “ECM SPN 5246, Aftertreatment SCR Operator InducementSeverity – MID 128 PSID 46”, page 73

• “ECM SPN 5285, Charge Air Cooler (CAC) Temperature –MID 128 PID 52”, page 74

• “ECM SPN 5298, Aftertreatment Diesel Oxidation Catalyst(DOC) Conversion Efficiency – MID 128 PSID 99”, page 74

• “ECM SPN 5392, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Dosing Valve Loss of Prime – MID 128 PSID 121”,page 74

• “ECM SPN 5394, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Dosing Valve – MID 128 PSID 89”, page 75

• “ECM SPN 5394, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Dosing Valve – MID 128 PSID 90”, page 76

• “ECM SPN 5443, Aftertreatment 1 Hydrocarbon DosingSystem – MID 128 PPID 329”, page 76

• “ECM SPN 5485, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Pump Orifice – MID 128 PSID 121”, page 77

9


ECM SPN 84, Wheel-Based Vehicle Speed – MID 128 PID 84Type offault:

FMI Description: Fault Condition: PossibleSymptoms:

Possible Cause:

FMI 9 • Abnormal updaterate

• Missing signalfrom VECU

• Engine derate • SAE J1587 data link vehicle speedmessage does not exist, (VECU error)

• VECU

FMI 10 • Abnormal rate ofchange

• Vehicle speeddeemedinaccurate byVECU

• MIL illuminated • Vehicle speed sensor (VSS)

• VECU

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • No vehicle speedavailable to VECU


• VECU

FMI 19 • Received networkdata in error

• Vehicle speeddeemedinaccurate byVECU


• VECU

ECM SPN 91, Accelerator Pedal Position 1 – MID 128 PID 91Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Missing signalfrom VECU

• N/A • SAE J1587 data link pedal informationnot available

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Pedal notconnected toVECU

• MIL illuminated • Accelerator pedal sensor fault


• Pedal positiondeemedinaccurate byVECU



• Pedal positiondeemedinaccurate byVECU


10


ECM SPN 94, Engine Fuel Delivery Pressure – MID 128 PID 94Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 3 • Voltage abovenormal, or shortedto high source

• Low fuel pressuresensor signal linevoltage

• N/A • Damaged contacts in harness

• Faulty fuel pressure sensor

• Open circuit.

FMI 5 • Current belownormal or opencircuit

• Low fuel pressuresensor signal linevoltage

• N/A • Damaged contacts in harness


FMI 7 • Mechanical systemnot respondingproperly

• Drop in fuelpressure

• Engine derate • Clogged fuel filter


• Leaking fuel line or fitting

• Poor fuel pump response

FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • Sensor indicates ainvalid value

• N/A • Wiring harness


• Clogged fuel filter

FMI 15 • Data valid but abovenormal operatingrange - Least severelevel

• Sensor indicates ainvalid value



FMI 17 • Data valid but belownormal operatingrange - Least severelevel




• Clogged fuel filter

FMI 18 • Data valid but belownormal operatingrange - Moderatelysevere level

• Drop in fuelpressure

• Engine derate • Clogged fuel filter


• Leaking fuel line or fitting

• Poor fuel pump response

ECM SPN 97, Water in Fuel Indicator – MID 128 PID 97Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 0 • Data valid but abovenormal operationalrange - Most severelevel

• Water in fuel isindicated

• Uneven running

• Engine stalling

• Water in fuel


• N/A • Undetected waterin fuel supply

• Uneven running

• Engine stalling

• Open circuit

FMI 4 • Voltage belownormal, or shortedto low source

• N/A • Undetected waterin fuel supply

• Uneven running

• Short to ground

• Open circuit

• Faulty sensor

11


ECM SPN 98, Engine Oil Level – MID 128 PID 98Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 1 • Data valid but abovenormal operationalrange

• Critically belowrange

• Red Stop oryellow Checklamps illuminateddependent ofseverity

• Low oil level leakage

• Critically low oil level


• Short Circuit -Positive side

• Oil level can notbe measured

• Engine Oil Level (EOL) sensor failure

• Faulty harness


• Short Circuit +,Positive side

• Open Circuit +,Positive side

• Open Circuit-Negative side

• Oil level can notbe measured

• Engine Oil Level (EOL) sensor failure

• Faulty harness


• Moderately belowrange


• Red Stop oryellow Checklamps illuminateddependent ofseverity

• Low oil level leakage

• Moderately low oil level

12


ECM SPN 100, Engine Oil Pressure – MID 128 PID 100Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 1 • Data valid but belownormal operationalrange


• Engine derate

• Low pressure

• Red Stop lampilluminated

• Oil leakage

• Broken oil pump

• Clogged oil system

FMI 3 • Voltage belownormal or shortedlow

• Short Circuit +,Measuring line

• Open Circuit,Ground line

• Oil pressureshows 0 in thecluster, engine isrunning

• Yellow Checklamps illuminated

• Engine Oil Pressure (EOP) sensorfailure

• Faulty harness


• Open Circuit +, 5VSupply line

• Short Circuit -,Measuring line

• Open Circuit,Measuring line


• Yellow Checklamps illuminated


• Faulty harness

FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • Sensor indicates ainvalid value



• Faulty harness





• Faulty harness





• Faulty harness

13


ECM SPN 102, Engine Intake Manifold 1 Pressure – MID 128 PID 102Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 2 • Data erratic,intermittent orincorrect

• Intake ManifoldPressure Sensoroutput is too highor too low

• Engine derate

• MIL lampilluminated

• Faulty harness

• Intake Manifold Pressure sensor


• A short to batteryin the meteringcircuit

• An open in theground circuitof the IntakeManifold PressureSensor

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness

• Harness connectors



• A short to groundin the harness

• An open in the 5volt supply circuit

• An open in themetering circuit

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness



FMI 12 • Bad intelligentdevice orcomponent

• Intake ManifoldPressure sensoroutput is too high

• Sensor indicatesa invalid value

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness


FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • Sensor indicatesa invalid value

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness



FMI 14 • Special instructions • Intake ManifoldPressure sensoroutput is too low


• Engine derate


• Faulty harness


• Inlet air leakage


• Intake ManifoldPressure sensoroutput is too high

• Engine derate


• Faulty harness





• Engine derate


• Faulty harness



14


ECM SPN 103, Engine Turbocharger 1 Speed – MID 128 PID 103Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Turbochargerspeed is at least25% greater thanthe target wheelspeed for themeasured boost

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Miss detection

• Faulty harness

• Faulty harness connector

• Turbocharger Speed Sensor

FMI 1 • Data valid but belownormal operationalrange - Most severelevel

• Turbochargerspeed is at least25% less thanthe target wheelspeed for themeasured boost

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Miss detection

• Faulty harness




• A fault is logged ifthe TurbochargerSpeed Sensorsignal is lost

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty harness




• Turbochargerspeed is at least25% greater thanthe target wheelspeed for themeasured boost

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Miss detection

• Faulty harness



15


ECM SPN 105, Engine Intake Manifold 1 Temperature – MID 128 PID 105Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Engine derate • Poor cooling

• Extreme running conditions


• The IntakeManifoldTemperaturesensor output istoo high or too low

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Poor cooling

• Extreme running conditions

• Engine Intake Manifold sensor

• Faulty harness


• Ambient Air Temperature sensor


• N/A • Difficult to start incold climates

• Minor cold enginesmoke

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness



• Possible short tosensor

• Difficult to start incold climates

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness


FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • The sensor outputis showing aconstant value

• Engine derate


• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness



• The sensor outputis showing aconstant value

• Engine derate


• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness


16


ECM SPN 108, Barometric Pressure – MID 128 PID 108Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• BarometricPressure sensoroutput is too highor too low

• Minor enginederate

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty Engine Control Module


• Short to battery onthe metering side

• MIL illuminated • Internal fault in the Engine ControlModule

• Faulty Sensor


• A short to groundon the meteringside

• MIL illuminated • Internal fault in the Engine ControlModule

• Faulty Sensor

ECM SPN 110, Engine Coolant Temperature – MID 128 PID 110Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Coolanttemperatureindicates criticallimit

• Engine derate


• Extreme driving condition

• Faulty coolant thermostat

• Malfunctioning fan

• Blocked radiator


• Engine CoolantTemperaturesensor output istoo high or too low

• May affectdriveability inextreme cases

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty harness


FMI 4 • Voltage belownormal or shortedlow

• Engine CoolantTemperaturesensor voltagetoo low

• Difficult to start incold climates

• Idle run regulationis deteriorated

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty harness


• N/A • Difficult to start incold climates

• Idle run regulationis deteriorated

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty harness


• Engine CoolantTemperaturesensor outputis showing aconstant value

• May affect vehicledriveability

• MIL illuminated

• Faulty Sensor

• Faulty harness

FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • Sensor out ofrange


• N/A • Faulty Sensor

17


FMI 16 • Data valid but abovenormal operatingrange - Moderatelysevere level

• Coolanttemperatureindicatesmoderate upperlimit

• Engine derate

• Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Extreme driving condition


• Malfunctioning fan

• Blocked radiator


• Sensor out ofrange


• N/A • Faulty Sensor

ECM SPN 111, Engine Coolant Level – MID 128 PID 111Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Coolant level cannot be detected

• Engine derate



• Coolant level below range

• Faulty harness


• Short Circuit +,measuring line




• Faulty harness


• Faulty level sensor


• Short Circuit -,measuring line




• Faulty harness




• Open Circuit




• Faulty harness



FMI 14 • Special instructions • Sensor out ofrange




• Faulty harness








• Faulty harness



18


ECM SPN 153, Engine High Resolution Crankcase Pressure – MID 128PID 153/PSID 23Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Out of range, maxvoltage, illegal

• Critically AboveRange


• Forced idle

• Engine shut down

• Piston ring blow-by


• Crankcasepressureindication to highor to low a value

• MIL illuminated • Faulty Crank Case Pressure senor

• Faulty harness

FMI 3 • Voltage abovenormal or shorted tohigh source



• MIL illuminated


• Faulty Crank Case Pressure senor

• Faulty harness


• Open Circuit +, 5VSupply Line

• Short Circuit -,measuring line

• Open Circuit,measuring line

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty Crank Case Pressure senor

• Faulty harness

FMI 7 • Mechanical systemnot responding orout of adjustment

• Leakage detectedin the crankcaseventilation system

• MIL illuminated • Faulty separator, hoses or pipes



• MIL illuminated • Faulty Sensor









19


ECM SPN 158, Keyswitch Battery Potential – MID 128 PID 158/PSID 124Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine ControlModule batteryvoltage too high

• N/A • Charging system fault

• External charger

• Engine control module (ECM)


• Engine ControlModule batteryvoltage too low

• Starter will notcrank

• Charging system fault

• Battery

• Ground connection










• Battery











• Battery


20


ECM SPN 171, Ambient Air Temperature – MID 128 PID 171Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Key ON, AmbientAir Temperaturemessage missingon SAE J1939 andSAE J1587 datalinks

• N/A • Faulty instrument cluster

• Faulty harness

FMI 9 • Abnormal UpdateRate

• Key ON, AmbientAir Temperaturemessage missingon SAE J1587data link

• N/A • Faulty instrument cluster

• Faulty harness


• AmbientTemperaturesensor signal fault

• MIL illuminated • Faulty instrument cluster


• Loss of SAEJ1939 data linkcommunicationbetween EngineControl Moduleand InstrumentCluster ControlModule


• Faulty harness

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • AmbientTemperaturesensor signal fault

• No ambienttemperaturecalculated byVehicle ECU

• No valid ambienttemperaturereceived byEngine ControlModule

• MIL illuminated • Faulty instrument cluster/harness orcluster harness connectors

FMI 14 • Special instructions • AmbientTemperaturesensor signal fault

• MIL illuminated • Ambient Temperature sensor signalmissing from Vehicle ECU


• AmbientTemperaturesensor signal fault


21


ECM SPN 173, Engine Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) – MID 128 PID 173Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Exhaust GasTemperature iscritically high

• Engine derate

• Poor driveability

• Regeneration isnot possible

• Faulty harness


• Intake air leak


• Sensor is notrational

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness


• Exhaust leak

• Intake air leak

• Sensor failure


• Short to ground onthe metering sideof the circuit

• MIL illuminated


• Sensor failure

• Faulty harness


• Aftertreatment control module (ACM)


• Short to battery onthe metering sideof the circuit

• Open in themetering side ofthe circuit

• Open in theground side ofthe circuit

• MIL illuminated • Faulty harness

• Sensor failure





• MIL illuminated • Sensor failure

• Faulty harness


• Exhaust GasTemperature ismoderately toohigh

• Engine derate

• Poor driveability

• Faulty harness


• Intake air leak

22


ECM SPN 175, Engine Oil Temperature 1 – MID 128 PID 175Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Extreme drivingconditions

• Engine oiltemperaturecritically aboverange


• Engine derate

• Extreme driving conditions

• Engine cooling fan

• Oil thermostat

• Coolant system

• Clogged oil cooler


• Engine oiltemperaturesensor indicatingtoo high or too lowa value (abnormalvalue)

• MIL illuminated

• In some casesmay havean effect ondriveability

• Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) sensorfailure

• Faulty harness


• Short circuit -,measuring line

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness


• Short circuit +,measuring line

• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness



• MIL illuminated • Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) sensorfailure


• Extreme drivingconditions

• Engine oiltemperature ismoderately toohigh


• Engine derate



• Oil thermostat

• Coolant system





• MIL illuminated • Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) sensorfailure

23


ECM SPN 177, Transmission Oil Temperature – MID 128 PID 177Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Oil temperaturecritically aboverange


• Transmission oil cooler

• Coolant system


• Oil temperatureis moderately toohigh




• Oil thermostat

• Coolant system


ECM SPN 188, Engine Speed At Idle, Point 1 (Engine Configurations) –MID 128 PID 188Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine idle speedabove desiredspeed

• MIL illuminated

• High engine oilconsumption

• High fuelconsumption

• Engine oil entering cylinders

• Leaking or faulty fuel injector


• Engine idle speedbelow desiredspeed

• MIL illuminated

• High fuelconsumption

• Low engine torque production

• Faulty fuel injector

• Low cylinder compression

• Engine friction is too high

ECM SPN 190, Engine Speed – MID 128 PID 190Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine is/wasoverspeeding


• Engine oil entering cylinders

• Faulty crankcase oil filter

• Possible engine brake engagedcausing engine overspeeding

• Possible transmission downshiftcausing engine overspeeding

24


ECM SPN 228, Speed Sensor Calibration – MID 128 PID 228Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• SAE J1587 datalink calibrationfactor messagedoes not exist.(VECU error).

• Your trip data • Vehicle ECU

FMI 11 • Failure mode notidentifiable

• SAE J1587 datalink calibrationfactor messagedoes not exist.(VECU error).

• Your trip data • Vehicle ECU

ECM SPN 237, Vehicle Identification Number – MID 128 PSID 161Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• No answer fromVIN


• Engine will notstart

• Data link error

• ECM

• Missing VIN in other ECM's (commonlyVECU, LCM)


• Bad answer fromVIN



• ECM

• Mismatched VIN sent from otherECM's (commonly VECU, LCM)

ECM SPN 245, Total Vehicle Distance – MID 128 PID 245Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• SAE J1587 datalink total vehicledistance messagedoes not exist.(VECU error).

• N/A • Vehicle ECU

25


ECM SPN 251, Time – MID 128 PID 251Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Time datamessage missingon SAE J1587 andJ1939 data links.(Cluster error).

• Time stampfrom cluster isn'tavailable.

• N/A • Instrument Cluster


• Time datamessage didn'tarrive whenexpected. (Clustererror).




• Soak time toolong.

• Time data fault,data deemedinaccurate.

• MIL illuminated

• Engine makeswarm start butcold start needed.

• Instrument Cluster


• Time and datedata missing onJ1939 data link.

• MIL illuminated • Instrument Cluster

• Faulty harness


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Time/date fault • MIL illuminated • Instrument Cluster

• Faulty harness



• Soaktime too long.

• Time data fault,data deemedinaccurate.

• MIL illuminated • Instrument Cluster

26


ECM SPN 252, Date – MID 128 PID 252Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Date datamessage missingon SAE J1587data link. (Clustererror).


ECM SPN 411, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation Differential Pressure –MID 128 PID 411Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Exhaust GasRecirculation(EGR) differentialpressure sensoroutput reading toohigh. (abnormalvalue)

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Faulty harness


• Faulty sensor

• EGR leakage

• Clogged EGR cooler


• Exhaust GasRecirculation(EGR) differentialpressure sensoroutput reading toolow. (abnormalvalue)



• Faulty sensor

• Clogged venturi


• Only used tocontrol EGR valve.

• N/A • N/A


• Short to battery inmetering line

• Open in theground circuit

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Faulty EGR differential pressuresensor connector

• Faulty EGR differential pressuresensor harness

• Faulty EGR differential pressuresensor

27



• Open in the 5 voltsupply line

• Short to ground inmetering line

• Open in themetering line

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate





• EGR differentialpressure sensoris read either tohigh or too low.(Abnormal value).

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate




• EGR valve

• EGR valve leak

• Clogged venturi

ECM SPN 412, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation Temperature – MID 128PID 412Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine ExhaustGas RecirculationTemperature isabove range

• Engine derate • Extreme driving conditions

• EGR cooler failure


• EGR temperatesignal, believedto be not valid(plausibility fault)

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Faulty sensor


• Short to groundon the meteringside of the EGRSensor circuit

• MIL illuminated

• Engine powerwill be deratedaccording to theerror torque map

• Faulty EGR Temperature Sensorconnector

• Faulty EGR Temperature Sensorharness

• Faulty EGR Temperature Sensor


• Short to batteryin the meteringside of the EGRSensor circuit

• Open in themetering side ofthe EGR Sensorcircuit

• Open circuit inthe ground line ofthe EGR Sensorcircuit

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Faulty EGR Temperature Sensorconnector



28


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Engine ExhaustGas RecirculationTemperaturesensor is out ofrange (low)


• MIL illuminated • Faulty EGR Temperature Sensorconnector



FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Engine ExhaustGas RecirculationTemperaturesensor is aboverange




• Engine ExhaustGas RecirculationTemperaturesensor is out ofrange (high)






• Engine ExhaustGas RecirculationTemperature isabove range




• Engine ExhaustGas RecirculationTemperature isout of range (low)





ECM SPN 558, Accelerator Pedal 1 Idle Validation Switch – MID 128 SID 230Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Idle ValidationSwitch (IVS)signal shortedto voltage


• Faulty harness or connector


• Idle ValidationSwitch (IVS)signal shortedto ground or open



29


ECM SPN 626, Intake Air Heater (IAH) Relay – MID 128 PID 45Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Preheat relay notactivated

• White smoke forcold start

• Start problems incold climate

• Preheat relay solenoid shorted




• Induction air is hot

• Preheat relay isimpossible to turnoff

• Faulty harness


• Open Circuit • Preheat relay notactivated

• White smoke forcold start

• Start problems incold climate

• Faulty Preheat relay

• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 628, Program Memory – MID 128 SID 240Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Check sum error • Red Stop lampilluminated


• Engine Control Module (ECM)software

FMI 11 • Root cause notknown

• Bad softwareconfiguration

• MIL illuminated




• Error on code-partof flash RAM orerased vendorarea


• Nothing functions



FMI 14 • Special instructions • VIN not loaded yet • Flashing MIL


• VIN missing

30


ECM SPN 629, Electronic Control Unit (ECU) 1 – MID 128 SID 254Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 8 • Abnormal frequencyor pulse width orperiod

• Self test failure • Red Stop lampilluminated

• Not possible toprogram EngineControl Module(ECM)



• Self test failure • Red Stop lampilluminated



ECM SPN 630, Calibration Memory – MID 128 SID 253Type offault:


Possible Cause:









FMI 14 • Special instructions • VIN not loaded yet • Flashing MIL

• Loss of log dataand some userconfigurable data


31


ECM SPN 631, Calibration Module – MID 128 PSID 77/PSID 124Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Check sum error • Engine will notstart

• Software error


• Reset of ECMdoes not work


• Software error

ECM SPN 633, Engine Fuel Actuator 1 Control Command – MID 128 SID 18Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Valve constantlyshut

• Faulty solenoid

• Faulty harness

• Faulty ECM driver


• Circuit shorted – • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• High fuelconsumption dueto fuel leakage

• Faulty solenoid

• Faulty harness

• Faulty ECM driver


• Open circuit • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Valve constantlyshut

• Faulty solenoid

• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 636, Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP) – MID 128 SID 21Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Phase Error- Incorrectcorrelationbetween CMPand crankshaftposition (CKP)sensor

• MIL illuminated

• Increase in fuelconsumption

• Engine timing

32



• Missing Signalfrom CMP sensor

• Open in the CMPsensor circuit

• Short to battery inthe CMP sensorcircuit

• Short to ground inthe CMP sensorcircuit

• MIL illuminated

• Possible loss ofengine power

• Increased enginestart time

• Faulty harness


• Noisy Signal fromCMP sensor

• Open in the CMPsensor circuit

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty CMP sensor

• Faulty harness

33


ECM SPN 637, Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP) – MID 128 SID 22Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Intermittent orweak signal

• MIL illuminated


• Increased fuelconsumption

• Imprecise enginetiming


• Uneven cylinderbalancing

• Power loss

• Smoke

• Faulty CKP sensor harness

• Faulty CKP sensor


• Missing SignalCKP sensor

• Open in the CKPsensor circuit

• Short to battery inthe CKP sensorcircuit

• Short to ground inthe CKP sensorcircuit

• MIL illuminated





• Faulty CKP sensor


• Erratic orintermittent signalfrom CKP sensor

• Open in the CKPsensor

• MIL illuminated





• Uneven cylinderbalancing

• Power loss

• Smoke


• Faulty CKP sensor mounting

34


ECM SPN 639, SAE J1939 Data Link 1 – MID 128 SID 231Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• SAE J1939 high orlow circuit shorted+

• SAE J1939 high orlow circuit shorted–

• SAE J1939 highor low circuit open

• MIL illuminated • Faulty harness or connector

ECM SPN 641, Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) Actuator1 – MID 128 SID 27Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine VariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT) actuatortemperature out ofrange

• Possible Red Stoplamp illuminated(dependant onseverity)


• Possible enginederate

• N/A


• Engine VariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT) actuatorhas not seen avalid command onCAN2 data link

• Incorrect data

• MIL illuminated


• Low boost

• Low power

• Nozzle opens

• Smoke fromengine

• Disturbance on CAN2 data link


• Short to ground • MIL illuminated


• Nozzle will openresulting in lowpower and lowboost

• VGT actuatorwill continueto attempt andmaintain targetnozzle position

• Faulty VGT actuator connector

• Faulty VGT actuator harness

• Low battery voltage

35



• Mechanicalproblem withthe EngineVariable GeometryTurbocharger(VGT) actuator

• MIL illuminated


• Low boost andsmoke

• Possible enginederate

• Power loss insome cases whenactuator motorhas been disabled

• VGT actuator motor effort istemporarily limited to preventoverheating

• Restrictions detected when runninglearn sequence

• VGT actuator is slow to followcommands

• VGT actuator position is not trackingcommand


• Data from theEngine VariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT) actuatorhas been missingfor 2-seconds

• MIL illuminated


• Engine derated(major)

• EGR valve closed

• Data link harness

• No supply to VGT actuator

• VGT actuator

• VGT actuator connector

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Failed self-calibration


• VGT actuator

ECM SPN 642, Engine Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) Actuator 2– MID 128 PPID 89Type offault


Possible Cause


• VGT SRAtemperature iscritically high


• Engine derate

• Coolant system malfunction


• Overheated VGT actuator


• VGT SRAtemperature ismoderately toohigh


• Engine derate

• Coolant system malfunction


• Overheated VGT actuator

ECM SPN 647, Engine Fan Clutch Output Device Driver – MID 128 SID 33Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Short to positivein the cooling fancontrol circuit



• Fan runs at fullspeed

• Faulty cooling fan actuator

• Faulty cooling fan actuator harness orconnector

36



• Short to groundin the cooling fancontrol circuit

• Output voltageis 1/3 the supplyvoltage


• Fan alwaysdeactivated oralways activated iffault is intermittent




• Open in thecooling fan controlcircuit


• Fan runs at fullspeed



ECM SPN 651, Engine Injector Cylinder 1 – MID 128 SID 1Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Harness shorted +low side circuit

• MIL illuminated


• Engine power loss

• Engine runninguneven (misfire)

• Faulty harness


• Harness shorted+, – or open highside circuit

• Harness shorted –low side circuit

• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness

• Faulty engine fuel injector


• Cylinder balancingdata above limit

• MIL illuminated • PTO engaged without ECM knowing



• Damaged or flywheel

FMI 8 • Abnormalfrequency, pulsewidth, or period

• Misfire detected • MIL illuminated

• Rough engine idle

• Faulty engine fuel injector (possiblyclogged)

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Cylinder balancingdata above limit





FMI 31 • Condition exists • Misfire detected • MIL illuminated



37




Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness






















Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness

38





• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness






















Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness












39












Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




















40




Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




• MIL illuminated




• Faulty harness




















ECM SPN 677, Engine Starter Motor Relay – MID 128 SID 39Type offault:


Possible Cause:




• Faulty starter relay

• Fault harness




• Faulty starter relay

• Fault harness

41


ECM SPN 729, Intake Air Heater (IAH) 1 – MID 128 SID 70Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted +,measuring line


• Faulty preheat relay

• Faulty intake air heater (IAH) 1


• Circuit shorted –,measuring line







ECM SPN 730, Intake Air Heater (IAH) 2 – MID 128 SID 71Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted +,measuring line





• Circuit shorted –,measuring line







42


ECM SPN 975, Estimated Percent Fan Speed – (MID 128 PID 26)Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Missing signalfrom Fan SpeedSensor



• Open Circuit,Measuring line


• Higher fuelconsumption

• Will work as on/offfan, 100%fanspeed if cooling isneeded

• Cooling Fan Speed (CFS) sensorfailure

• Faulty Cooling Fan Speed (CFS)sensor harness

43


ECM SPN 1072, Engine Compression Brake Output #1 – MID 128 PPID 122Type offault


Possible Cause


• Below range • Info lampilluminated

• No EngineCompressionBrake

• Low engine oil temperature


• Short Circuit + • YellowCheck lampilluminated

• EngineCompressionBrake can notbe turned on

• Engine brakefunction derated

• Gear shiftperformancederated forsome automatictransmissions

• Faulty Engine Compression Brakeactuator

• Faulty harness


• Short Circuit - • YellowCheck lampilluminated

• Compressionbrake can notbe turned off

• Engine stopsrunning

• Engine impossibleto restart


• Faulty harness


• Open Circuit • YellowCheck lampilluminated

• Compression rakecan not be turnedon

• Engine brakefunction derated

• Gear shiftperformancederated forsome automatictransmissionboxes


• Faulty harness

44


ECM SPN 1127, Engine Turbocharger Intake Manifold Pressure (IMP) –MID 128 PSID 98Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• EngineTurbochargerboost pressureis too high

• MIL illuminated

• Turbochargersurge

• EGR system failure

• Faulty Turbocharger outlet pressuresensor


• EngineTurbochargerboost pressureis too low

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Engine slow torespond

• Air leak in turbocharger hoses, pipes,brackets, cooler or components

• EGR system fault


• Poor EngineTurbochargerboost pressureresponse

• MIL illuminated

• Engine powerloss/re-sponse/drivability

• Turbocharger inlet air system leak

• Faulty Turbocharger


• Variable GeometryTurbochargercontrol mode fault

• MIL illuminated • Variable Geometry Turbocharger fault

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Variable GeometryTurbochargercontrol modeadjustmentexceeded

• Engine powerloss/re-sponse/drivability


• EGR system fault

• Faulty Turbocharger outlet pressuresensor

• Exhaust back pressure too high

FMI 14 • Special instructions • Poor EngineTurbochargerboost pressureresponse

• MIL illuminated • Air leak in turbocharger hoses, pipes,brackets, cooler or components

• Variable Geometry Turbocharger fault

• Oil pressure fault


• EngineTurbochargerboost pressureis too high

• MIL illuminated

• Turbochargersurge


• Faulty sensor


• EngineTurbochargerboost pressureis too low

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Engine slow torespond



45


ECM SPN 1136, Engine Control Module (ECM) Temperature – MID 128PPID 55Type offault


Possible Cause


• Short to groundon the meteringcircuit

• N/A • Engine Control Module (ECM)


• Short to batteryin the meteringcircuit

• Open in themetering circuit

• Open circuit in theground circuit

• N/A • Engine Control Module (ECM)

ECM SPN 1198, Anti–theft Random Number – MID 128 PID 224Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Engine ControlModule andInstrument ControlModule securitycodes do notmatch


• Can start engine

• Security system failure


• Security systemnot installed


• Can start engine

• Security system failure

46


ECM SPN 1231, SAE J1939 Data Link 2 – MID 128 PSID 229Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted +

• Circuit shorted –

• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated


• No AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF)dosing

• No variablegeometry engineturbochargercontrol

• Faulty harness


• Missingsignal fromAftertreatmentControl Module(ACM)

• MIL illuminated



• SAE J1939 data link

• Faulty harness or connectors

• DEF pump

• Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) control module

ECM SPN 1265, Engine Piston Cooling Oil Pressure Actuator – MID 128SID 85Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Possible smokeduring start up

• Faulty harness

• Faulty actuator


• Circuit shorted – • Red Stop lampilluminated

• Engine damagecan occur withoutpiston cooling

• Faulty harness

• Faulty actuator



• Possible smokeduring start up

• Faulty harness

• Faulty actuator

47


ECM SPN 1322, Engine Misfire for Multiple Cylinders – MID 128 PSID 27Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Cylinder misfiresdetected inmultiple cylinders

• MIL illuminated

• Rough idle

• Engine fuel injectors

FMI 31 • Condition exists • Cylinder misfiresdetected inmultiple cylinders

• Rough idle

• MIL illuminated

• Engine fuel injectors

ECM SPN 1659, Engine Coolant System Thermostat – MID 128 PSID 109Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Thermostat stuckclosed

• Possible poordrivability

• Coolant thermostat


• Thermostat isleaking or stuckopen

• MIL illuminated

• Longer enginewarm up time

• Poor heat in cab

• Coolant thermostat

ECM SPN 1675, Engine Starter Mode – MID 128 SID 39Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Starteroverheating


• Starter is deactivated due tooverheating


• Transmission notin neutral




• Starter gear isstuck, engagedwith engine



FMI 14 • Special instructions • PTO is engagedor switch on



48


ECM SPN 1677, Aftertreatment DPF Auxiliary Heater Mode – MID 128PSID 25Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 0 • Data valid but abovenormal operationalrange — mostsevere level

• Truck has idledtoo long withoutcompleting aperiodic heatmode


• Engine derate

• High temperaturespikes in DPFwhen drivingis resumed orduring stationaryregeneration

• Extremely cold ambient temperatures

• PTO operated with limited exhausttemperatures

• Engine turbocharger

• Engine turbocharger compressorbypass valve




• White exhaustsmoke









• White exhaustsmoke






ECM SPN 1761, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Tank Level –PPID 278Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Short circuit highside

• N/A • DEF tank pickup assembly/sensorfailure


• Short circuit +

• Open circuit


• DEF tank pickup assembly/sensorfailure


• DEF tank level low(driver warning)

• Low DEF fluidlamp illuminated

• N/A

49


FMI 14 • Special Instructions • DEF tank almostempty (driverwarning)



• N/A


• DEF tank almostempty (driverwarning)



• N/A

ECM SPN 2003, Transmission Control Module (TCM) Status – MID 128PSID 205Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Missing signalfrom TransmissionControl Module(TCM)

• N/A • Data link error

ECM SPN 2017, Cruise Control Status – MID 128 PID 85Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Missing (CruiseControl) signalfrom VECU

• Cruise Controldoes not work

• No clutch information to Engine ControlModule (ECM) from SAE J1939 datalink

ECM SPN 2029, Invalid or Missing Data from Vehicle ECU – MID 128 PSID201Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• No contact withVECU


• PTO, enginecompressionbrake and cruisecontrol do notwork

• Faulty harness


• Missing signalfrom cluster


50


ECM SPN 2629, Engine Turbocharger Compressor Outlet Temperature –MID 128 PID 404Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Estimated engineturbochargerdischargetemperature error.

• Engine derate • High ambient temperature

• Low barometric pressure

• Leak in engine turbocharger inlet tube


• Engineturbochargeroutlet temperaturesignal believed tobe not valid (high)(plausibility fault)

• Engine derate

• MIL illuminated

• Engine turbocharger outlet temperaturesensor


• Short circuit –,measuring line

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty sensor

• Faulty harness


• Short circuit +,measuring line

• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty sensor

• Faulty harness

FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Sensor out ofrange

• MIL illuminated • Faulty sensor







ECM SPN 2659, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Mass Flow Rate– MID 128 PPID 35Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 0(J1587only)

• Data valid but abovenormal operationalrange

• EGR flow is toohigh

• MIL illuminated

• Exhaust smoke

• Faulty EGR system


• EGR flow is toolow

• MIL illuminated • Faulty EGR system


51



• EGR flow is toohigh

• MIL illuminated

• Exhaust smoke

• Faulty EGR system



• EGR flow is toolow

• MIL illuminated • Faulty EGR system



ECM SPN 2791, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Valve Control –MID 128 SID 146Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Stuck EGR valve

• EGR valve circuitshorted +

• EGR valve circuitshorted to –

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate


• Faulty EGR valve


• Open EGR valvecircuit

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate


• Faulty EGR valve

ECM SPN 2836, Battery Potential/Switched Voltage – MID 128 PSID 49Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Battery voltagetoo high

• N/A • Faulty cab or chassis harness




• Battery voltagetoo low


• Faulty cab or chassis harness


• Battery

• Fuse

52


ECM SPN 3031, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) TankTemperature – MID 128 PPID 274Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) tanktemperature toohigh

• Date datamessage missingon SAE J1587data link. (Clustererror).

• MIL illuminated


• DEF tank pickup assembly/sensorfailure


• Short Circuit - • MIL illuminated • DEF tank pickup assembly/sensorfailure

• DEF tank pickup assembly/sensorwiring or connectors


• Short Circuit +

• Open Circuit

• MIL illuminated • DEF tank pickup assembly/sensorfailure

• DEF tank pickup assembly/sensorwiring or connectors


• Sensor ripple isnot too high

• N/A • DEF tank pickup assembly/sensorfailure

• DEF tank pickup `assembly/sensorwiring or connectors

ECM SPN 3064, Aftertreatment DPF System Monitor – MID 128 PPID 326Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Moderately highsoot load


• Medium to highengine derate

• Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) clogged

• After Treatment Fuel Injector clogged

• Regeneration disabled by driver orother component


• Soot loading highdue to heavyload or use (noproblem)


• Engine derate

• No error, condition occurs duringheavy load or use with high sootloading


• Critically high sootload


• High enginederate

• Engine derate

• Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) clogged

• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser(injector)

• Regeneration disabled by driver orother component

53


ECM SPN 3216, Aftertreatment Intake NOx – MID 128 PPID 348Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Inlet NOx sensorerror (plausibility)

• MIL illuminated • Engine out NOx high

• Faulty NOx sensor


• Short Circuit, NOxsignal

• MIL illuminated • Faulty wiring between NOx sensor andNOx sensor ECU



• Open Circuit, NOxsignal




• Missing signalfrom NOx sensor

• MIL illuminated


• Loss of communication from NOxsensor ECU and Engine ControlModule (ECM)


• NOx sensormeasures nearzero for long timewith high load

• MIL illuminated • Faulty NOx sensor


• NOx-sensor signalcorrupt (incorrectvalue)


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • NOx-sensoractivation(incorrect value)


FMI 14 • Special instructions • Missing signalfrom sensor dueto battery voltage

• MIL illuminated • Voltage to NOx sensor is too high ortoo low

• Faulty harness to sensor

ECM SPN 3226, Aftertreatment Outlet NOx – MID 128 PPID 270/ PSID 90MID 233 Fault code sent by MID 128 Engine control unit

Type offault


Possible Cause


• Inlet NOx sensorerror (plausibility)

• Mismatchbetween sensors



• Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) quality

FMI 3 • Voltage abovenormal or shortedto high source

• Short Circuit, NOxsignal




• Open Circuit, NOxsignal



54


MID 233 Fault code sent by MID 128 Engine control unit


• Missing signalfrom NOx sensor

• MIL illuminated

• Yellow Check lampilluminated

• Loss of communication from NOxsensor ECU and Engine ControlModule (ECM)


• NOx sensormeasures nearzero for long timewith high load



• NOx-sensor signalcorrupt (incorrectvalue)


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • NOx-sensoractivation(incorrect value)


FMI 14 • Special instructions • Missing signalfrom sensor due tobattery voltage

• MIL illuminated • Voltage to NOx sensor is too high ortoo low

• Faulty harness to sensor

FMI 31 • Condition exists • Inlet NOx sensorerror

• Mismatchbetween sensors



• Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) quality

ECM SPN 3245, Aftertreatment DPF Outlet Temperature – MID 128 PPID436Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Temperaturecritically too high

• Low engine power • Restricted Catalyst

• Intake air leak

• Faulty sensor


• Sensor isnot rational(plausibility)

• MIL illuminated

• Regeneration notpossible

• Faulty sensor

• Exhaust system leak

• Faulty harness connectors orconnections



• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness

• Faulty sensor


55







• Faulty sensor



• Temperaturesensor is out ofrange (high)



• Faulty sensor

ECM SPN 3249, Aftertreatment DPF Intake Temperature – MID 128 PPID387Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Sensor isnot rational(plausibility)

• MIL illuminated

• Abortedregeneration

• Faulty harness

• Faulty harness connectors orconnections

• Exhaust system leak

• Faulty sensor



• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness

• Faulty sensor






• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness

• Faulty sensor



• Temperaturesensor is out ofrange (high)



• Faulty sensor

56


ECM SPN 3251, Aftertreatment DPF Differential Pressure – MID 128 PID 81Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Critically highpressure

• Engine derate


• Aftertreatment diesel particulate filter(DPF) differential pressure sensorfailure


• Sensor is notrational

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment diesel particulate filter(DPF) differential pressure sensorfailure



• Open in theground line


• Faulty aftertreatment diesel particulatefilter (DPF) differential pressure sensorconnector

• Faulty harness


• Open in 5 voltsupply line

• Short to ground inmetering line

• Open in meteringline


• Faulty harness


• Moderately highpressure

• Engine derate • Aftertreatment diesel particulate filter(DPF) differential pressure sensorfailure

ECM SPN 3363, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Tank Heater– MID 128 PSID 75Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Commandedvalve position isnot plausible

• N/A • Faulty harness or connectors

• Aftertreatment DEF tank temperaturesensor

• Aftertreatment DEF tank heating valve


• Circuit shorted + • N/A • Aftertreatment DEF pump assembly



• Open circuit

• N/A • Aftertreatment DEF pump assembly


• Open circuit • N/A • Aftertreatment DEF pump assembly

57


ECM SPN 3471, Aftertreatment Fuel Pressure Control Actuator – MID 128PPID 328Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted tobattery

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness

• Actuator failure


• Circuit shorted toground

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness



• Open circuit • MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness



• Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser fuelpressure too low

• MIL illuminated



• Fuel shut off valve stuck open


FMI 14 • Special instructions • Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser fuelpressure too high

• MIL illuminated



• Fuel shut off valve leakage

ECM SPN 3480, Aftertreatment DPF Fuel Pressure – MID 128 PPID437/PSID 108Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• DPF fuelpressure sensoris not rational(plausibility)

• Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser fuelpressure too low

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty aftertreatment fuel shut off valve

• Faulty DPF fuel pressure sensor

• Air in fuel

• Fuel filter

• Aftertreatment fuel pump

58




• Open in theground line

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness



• Open circuit in the5 volt supply

• Short circuit toground in themetering line

• Open circuit in themetering line

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness



• Mechanicalproblem

• MIL illuminated

• Engine derate

• Possible engineshutdown


• Faulty aftertreatment hydrocarbondoser system

• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser

• Faulty aftertreatment fuel shut off valve

• Aftertreatment fuel pump


• Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser fuelpressure sensorstuck

• Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser fuelpressure too high

• MIL illuminated




• Faulty shut off valve

• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser(injector)


• Fuel pressuresensor is out ofrange


• MIL illuminated • Faulty fuel pressure sensor

59


ECM SPN 3483, Aftertreatment Regeneration Status – MID 128 PSID 47Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Unable toachieve neededaftertreatmenttemperature

• MIL illuminated

• Possibleincompleteregeneration

• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doserclogged

• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser fuelpressure too low


• Aftertreatmenttemperature toohigh

• MIL illuminated



• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser fuelpressure too high


• Regenerationperiod too long

• MIL illuminated

• Regenerationfrequency toohigh


• Air leakage


• Regenerationefficiency too low

• N/A • Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doserclogged

• Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) catalystdamaged

• Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) catalystclogged

FMI 13 • Out of Calibration • Regenerationperiod too long

• MIL illuminated



• Air leakage

• Fuel line clogged


• Unable toachieve neededtemperature

• MIL illuminated



• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser fuelpressure too low


• Aftertreatmenttemperature toohigh

• MIL illuminated



• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doser fuelpressure too high

FMI 31 • Condition exists • Regenerationperiod too long

• MIL illuminated



• Air leakage

• Fuel line clogged

60


ECM SPN 3492, Aftertreatment 1 Air System Relay – MID 128 PPID 340Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Relay supplyvoltage out ofrange (high)


• Wiring harness

• Short circuit to battery voltage, Controlwire Aftertreatment HydrocarbonDosing Module


• Relay supplyvoltage out ofrange (low)


• Short circuit to ground, Control wire

• Aftertreatment Hydrocarbon DosingModule

FMI 5 • Current belownormal, or opencircuit

• Open circuit inControl wire orGround wire


• Connector

• Open circuit, Control wire

• Open circuit, Ground wire


ECM SPN 3509, Sensor Supply Voltage 1 – MID 128 SID 232Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Sensor supplyvoltage out ofrange (high)

• MIL illuminated

• Incorrect sensorvalues



• Sensor supplyvoltage out ofrange (low)

• MIL illuminated



ECM SPN 3510, Sensor Supply Voltage 2 – MID 128 SID 211Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • MIL illuminated




• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated



61


ECM SPN 3511, Sensor Supply Voltage 3 – MID 128 PSID 113Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • MIL illuminated • Faulty harness


• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated • Faulty harness

ECM SPN 3512, Sensor Supply Voltage 4 – MID 128 PSID 126Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Sensor supplycircuit shorted +

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness


• Sensor supplycircuit shorted –

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 3522, Aftertreatment Total Fuel Used – MID 128 PSID 91Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) levelchange too much

• N/A • DEF system leak

• Wrong DEF tank

• Aftertreatment DEF Dosing Modulefailure or wrong module


• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) levelchange too little

• N/A • DEF tank level sensor stuck

• DEF system clog

• Wrong DEF tank



• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) levelchange too much

• N/A • DEF system leak

• Wrong DEF tank



• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) levelchange too little

• N/A • DEF tank level sensor stuck

• DEF system clog

• Wrong DEF tank


62


ECM SPN 3556, Aftertreatment Hydrocarbon Doser – MID 128 PPID 329Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness

• Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doserfailure


• Circuit shorted toground

• MIL illuminated



• Faulty harness






• Faulty harness


FMI 13 • Out of calibration • Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser clogged

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment hydrocarbon doserfailure

• Fuel shut off valve

• Fuel supply failure

FMI 14 • Special instructions • Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser leaking

• MIL illuminated




63


ECM SPN 3597, Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Regenerationtoo Frequent – MID 128 PSID 119Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • MIL illuminated • Faulty harness

• Faulty connector

• Aftertreatment DEF line heater 1 or 3failure

• Aftertreatment DEF pump assemblyfailure

• Aftertreatment DEF tank heating valvefailure



• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated • Faulty harness







• Open circuit • MIL illuminated • Faulty harness






64


ECM SPN 3675, Engine Turbocharger Compressor Bypass Valve Position– MID 128 PPID 330Type offault:

FMI Description: Fault Condition: Possible Symptoms: Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted +

• On/off valve can'tbe activated

• MIL illuminated

• Yellow electronicmalfunction lampilluminated


• High engine brakingwithout request

• Driveability affected

• Faulty bypass valve solenoid

• Faulty harness



• Short circuit -

• Valve constantlyactivated

• MIL illuminated


• Major engine derate

• Exhaust manifoldoverheating



• Faulty harness



• Open circuit


• MIL illuminated






• Faulty harness



• MechanicallyStuck


• MIL illuminated





• Valve constantlyactivated

• Major engine derate

• Exhaust manifoldoverheating


• Leaking pipes


65


ECM SPN 3720, Aftertreatment DPF Ash Load Percent – MID 128 PPID 337Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Ash level too high • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Need service, ash level is too high

ECM SPN 3936, Aftertreatment DPF System – MID 128 PSID 28Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDPF differentialpressure sensorvalue too high

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DPF differentialpressure sensor

• Aftertreatment particulate filter


• AftertreatmentDPF differentialpressure sensorvalue too low

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DPF differentialpressure sensor

• Aftertreatment particulate filter

ECM SPN 4094, NOx Limits Exceeded Due to Insufficient Diesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) Quality – MID 128 PSID 90Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) dosingtoo low


• Engine derate

• DEF quality

• Aftertreatment DEF line clogged

• Aftertreatment DEF doser

• Aftertreatment control module failure

FMI 14 • Special Instructions • AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) dosingtoo low


• Engine derate

• DEF quality





• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) dosingtoo low


• Engine derate

• DEF quality




66


ECM SPN 4095, NOx Limits Exceeded Due to Interrupted Diesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) Dosing – MID 128 PSID 90Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Dosing failure • MIL illuminated

• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) lowusage

• DEF level

• Faulty DEF pump

• Leak in DEF hose

ECM SPN 4334, Afterteatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing AbsolutePressure – MID 128 PPID 273Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• DEF systemleakage detected

• MIL illuminated


• DEF pump

• DEF hose

• Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Doser (injector)


• Short Circuit - • MIL illuminated


• DEF pump assembly


• Short Circuit +

• Open Circuit

• MIL illuminated




67


ECM SPN 4339, Aftertreatment SCR Feedback Control Status – MID 128PSID 90Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Adaptation toohigh

• N/A • NOx sensor

• Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) dosing system failure


• Adaptation too low • N/A • NOx sensor


• DEF quality


• Adaptation toohigh

• N/A • NOx sensor



• Adaptation too low • N/A • NOx sensor


• DEF quality

ECM SPN 4354, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Line Heater 1– MID 128 PSID 103Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • N/A • Faulty harness


• Aftertreatment DEF line heater 1failure


• Circuit shorted – • N/A • Faulty harness




• Open circuit • N/A • Faulty harness



68


ECM SPN 4356, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Line Heater 3– MID 128 PSID 102Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Circuit shorted + • N/A • Faulty harness




• Circuit shorted – • N/A • Faulty harness




• Open circuit • N/A • Faulty harness



ECM SPN 4374, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Pump MotorSpeed – MID 128 PSID 87Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Slow pump speed • MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness



69


ECM SPN 4375, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid Pump (DEF) DrivePercentage – MID 128 PSID 121Type offault:


Possible Cause:




• Faulty harness





• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness






• Faulty harness




• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness






• Faulty harness






• Faulty harness



FMI 14 • Special instructions • Voltage to pumpout of range

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness



70


ECM SPN 4376, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Return Valve– MID 128 PSID 105Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Not possible toperform afterrun

• Faulty harness





• Open circuit

• MIL illuminated


• Faulty harness






• Faulty harness




• Possiblemechanicalproblem withaftertreatmentdiesel exhaustfluid (DEF) returnvalve

• MIL illuminated


• Mechanical fault – DEF return linerestricted between DEF pump andDEF tank

• Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) pump assembly

ECM SPN 4752, Engine Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Cooler Efficiency– MID 128 SID 282Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Low EGR coolerefficiency

• MIL illuminated • EGR cooler clogged or damaged

71


ECM SPN 4811, Engine Piston Cooling Oil Pressure – MID 128 PPID 8Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Pressure belowrange


• N/A


• Short to battery inmetering line

• YellowCheck lampilluminated

• Faulty harness


• Open in themetering sidesensor circuit

• Open circuit in theground line sensorcircuit

• YellowCheck lampilluminated

• Faulty sensor

• Faulty harness

ECM SPN 4813, Engine Oil Thermostat Bypass Valve Opening – MID 128PSID 72Type offault:


Possible Cause:



• Oil thermostat isalways open

• Faulty actuator

• Faulty harness


• Circuit shorted – • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Oil thermostat isalways closed

• Engine mayoverheat

• Faulty actuator

• Faulty harness



• Oil thermostat isalways open

• May haveincreased fuelconsumption

• Faulty actuator

• Faulty harness

72


ECM SPN 4815, Engine Cooling Fan Thermal Switch Position – MID 128PPID 333Type offault:


Possible Cause:




• Faulty harness


• Faulty sensor


• Short circuit - • Yellow Checklamp illuminated

• Faulty harness


• Faulty sensor



• Faulty harness


• Faulty sensor

ECM SPN 5246, Aftertreatment SCR Operator Inducement Severity – MID128 PSID 46Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Severe SCRsystem faultdetected –Warning fault

• Severe enginederate

• N/A


• Moderate SCRsystem faultdetected –Warning fault

• Moderate enginederate

• N/A


• SCR systemfault detected –Warning fault

• Engine derate • N/A

73


ECM SPN 5285, Charge Air Cooler (CAC) Temperature – MID 128 PID 52Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Boost temperaturetoo high

• MIL illuminated • Air flow through charge air cooler(CAC) too low

• Charge air cooler (CAC)

FMI 18 • Data valid but belownormal operatingrange

• Boost temperaturetoo high

• MIL illuminated • Air flow through charge air cooler(CAC) too low

• Charge air cooler (CAC)

ECM SPN 5298, Aftertreatment Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) ConversionEfficiency – MID 128 PSID 99Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Catalyst outlettemperaturereaction time toolow to supporthydrocarbonconversion

• Mechanicalsystem notrespondingproperly

• Exhaust gas temperature (EGT)sensor

• Catalyst Failure


• Hydrocarbonconversion is toolow in the DieselOxidation Catalyst(DOC)

• MIL illuminated • Catalyst failure

• DOC temperature sensor


• Hydrocarbonconversion is toolow in the DieselOxidation Catalyst(DOC)

• MIL illuminated • Catalyst failure

• DOC temperature sensor

ECM SPN 5392, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing ValveLoss of Prime – MID 128 PSID 121Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF)pressure buildup failure

• MIL illuminated


• No AftertreatmentDiesel Exhaust

• Empty DEF tank

• DEF filter clogged

• DEF inlet pipe leak or blockage

74


Fluid (DEF)dosing


FMI 31 • Condition exists • AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF)pressure buildup failure

• MIL illuminated



• Empty DEF tank

• DEF filter clogged

• DEF inlet pipe leak or blockage


ECM SPN 5394, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing Valve– MID 128 PSID 89Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Low side circuitshorted to +

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DEF dosing pumpassembly


• Short to ground

• Low side circuitopen

• MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DEF dosing pumpassembly


• Circuit shorted + • MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DEF dosing pumpassembly


• Circuit shorted – • MIL illuminated • Aftertreatment DEF dosing pumpassembly





• Aftertreatment DEF dosing pumpassembly

FMI 14 • Special instructions • AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) Doserclogged or hoseclogged

• MIL illuminated


• Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) Doser clogged

• Hose clogged

75


ECM SPN 5394, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing Valve– MID 128 PSID 90Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• Dosing failure

• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) dosingamount too low orDEF quality

• MIL illuminated

• NOx emissionstoo high

• NOx sensor

• SCR catalyst malfunction

• EGR mass flow failure

• SCR inlet temperature sensor


• Dosing failure

• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) dosingamount too low orDEF quality

• MIL illuminated

• NOx emissionstoo high

• NOx sensor

• SCR catalyst malfunction

• EGR mass flow failure

• SCR inlet temperature sensor

ECM SPN 5443, Aftertreatment 1 Hydrocarbon Dosing System – MID 128PPID 329Type offault:


Possible Cause:

FMI 2 • Fuel pressure fault • AftertreatmentFuel Pressure, notwithin expectedrange


• Fuel pressure

• Fuel line(s)

• Aftertreatment Hydrocarbon DosingModule Fuel pressure fault



• Fuel line(s)

• Obstructed/dirty aftertreatmenthydrocarbon doser


FMI 8 • Fuel leakage • AftertreatmentFuel Pressure, notwithin expectedrange



FMI 10 • Abnormally largevariations


• Fuel line(s)

• Obstructed/dirty aftertreatmenthydrocarbon doser


FMI 13 • Calibration value outof range

• Air pressure, notwithin expectedrange


• Low air pressure


76


ECM SPN 5485, Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Pump Orifice– MID 128 PSID 121Type offault:


Possible Cause:


• AftertreatmentDiesel ExhaustFluid (DEF) bleedorifice clogged

• MIL illuminated



• Bleed orifice

• Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid(DEF) pressure sensor

77

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Volvo Trucks North America, a division of Volvo Group North America, Inc.Greensboro, NC USA

89046912 English .12..2011 Printed in USA

Documents

Trucks 2010Emissions ServiceInformation · Group28 EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble Codes(DTCs) SAEJ1939FMITable FMI SAEText 0 Datavalidbutabovenormaloperationalrange-Mostseverelevel