Tryptophan

Group Members

Siti Zubaidah Hj Harun (K)Nur Naznin IshakOoi Chung Cheat

Noradiba Abd Kadir

Justify the factors influencing the choice

of the Carbon, Nitrogen & vitamin

sources

Carbon SourcesFactors influencing the choice of carbon source: Main product of a fermentation process.

- product result from the direct dissimilation of it. Method of media preparation, affect the suitability of

carbohydrates for individual fermentation process.

Examples: Carbohydrates, oils and fats, hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

Nitrogen Source

Factor influencing the choice of nitrogen source

i. Metabolic regulation so that there is preferential assimilation of one component until its concentration has diminished.In Fungi

- ammonium ion repressed uptake of amino acids by general and specific amino acid permeases in Aspergillus- regulates production of alkaline and natural protease.

ii. In antibiotic production

By the type of concentration of nitrogen source in culture mediaExample:- in the production of polyene

antibiotics, soybean meal- good N source because of balance

of nutrients, low phosphorus contents, slow hydrolysis

iii. In gibberellins production N source has been shown to have an influence on

directing the production of different gibberellin (Any of numerous plant hormones that promote stem elongation.) and the relative proportion.

iv. Choice of the nitrogen sources

Optimum concentration of available N showed some variation depend on

i. form of inoculum

ii. type of fermenter

Vitamin FactorsGrowth factor preformed compound for:

micro-organisms to synthesize a full complement of components.

preformed compound for microorganism to synthesize a full complement of components.

important that only one vitamin is required it may be occasionally more economical to add pure vitamin instead of using large bulk of a cheaper multiple vitamin sources.

for the production of glutamic acid, limited concentration of biotin must be present in medium.

Biotin known as vitamin H or B7, has the chemical

formula C10H16N2O3S a water-soluble B-complex vitamin which is

composed of an ureido (tetrahydroimidizalone) ring fused with a tetrahydrothiophene ring.

Biotin is a cofactor in the metabolism of fatty acids and leucine, and in biosynthesis.

Biotin is for cell growth. Production of fatty acids and metabolism of fats and amino acids.

Only assists in various metabolic reaction. Biotin (vitamin H) is one of the most

fascinating cofactors involved in central pathways in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell metabolism.

INFORMATION…. A microorganism derived from a host microorganism capable of

producing d-biotin by introducing a recombinant plasmid being incorporated with a biotin gene cloned from a microorganism of the genus Serratia capable of producing d-biotin and further integrating an exogenous biotin gene into the chromosome, and a process for preparing d-biotin which comprises cultivating the microorganism in a culture medium so that d-biotin is formed and accumulated in the culture medium and collecting the d-biotin.

The microorganism of the invention has an extremely high productivity of d-biotin, and hence, d-biotin can be produced in a large amount by cultivating the microorganism of the invention.

Thank You