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TSP Implementation for
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
TSP Implementation for Outsourced Application Development Projects
Agustín De La Maza, Juan Valera, Ricardo Garza
TSP Symposium 2009
New Orleans, Louisiana
Sep/23/09
Softtek’s Context
Business Global IT & BP Service Provider9 Global Delivery Centers: Mexico(4),
Brazil(2), Spain(1) & China (2)Pioneer and Leader ofNeashore© Industry
Operations in Americas,Europe and Asia
Market Corporations & Government Institutions
Services Enterprise Application Services, ITIS, BPSLarge-scale & mission critical
application development“On-demand” Software Factory Application Maintenance &
Support
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Market Corporations & Government Institutions80% of revenue coming form recurring accounts
Serving 17 of the Fortune-50 Corporations
Active MSA for 85+ corporations
Capabilities Global Delivery Model � 6,000+ Professionals“Great Place to Work” in
Argentina, Brazil & Mexico6-Sigma [1998]
Digitized Software Process [2003]CMM-L5 [2004], CMMi Level 5 [2006]
TSP Initiative Significant opportunity to improve competitivenessSEI “Organization-level TSP Assessment” pilot
Developed more than 1 million LOC
Spent more than 200,000 man-hrs
Engaged 4 large accounts
Deployment to Global Operations
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Challenges of Outsourced Contracts
Client’s lack of awareness of TSP/PSPYou can’t value what you don’t knowAgile methods are more “appealing” and known than TSP
Competing with “less mature” organizationsUnder-estimated project bids by lower-maturity organizationsQuality criteria (i.e. defect density) is often not taken into account by clients while evaluating proposals
Timing of commitment (contract vs. launch results)No commitment � No contract
1
2
3
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
No commitment � No contractLaunch schedules are often not aligned with contract commitments � Painful negotiations from the beginning of the contract
Lack of [accurate, precise and stable] conceptual design prior to project proposal delivery and initial project launchLaunches based on incomplete/inaccurate inputs � Unreliable launch results, or even, launch cancelationLate changes to requirements and/or specifications � Significant amount of rework (engineering and management)
Additional Factors: Contractual and financial risk, and Open [world-wide] competition
4
How do we address these challenges?S
erv
ice D
esig
n
Multi-level proxy taxonomy
Multi-level estimation models
Timing of Commitment
3
Multi-phase engagement model
Requirements &
Conceptual Design
4
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Levera
ge
Quality commitment
Client’s Unawareness
1
Performance benchmarks
Competition
2Multi-level estimation models
Softtek’s enabling practices (1/5)
Timing of Commitment
3
Multi-phase engagement model
Requirements &
Conceptual Design
4
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Client’s Unawareness
1
Competition
2
Multi-phase engagement model
Vendor risk lack of a precise solution
design baseline
Client risk inaccurate estimate or
non-realistic commitment established by
vendor
Overall project cost “risk provisions”
and inaccurate assumptions
Reduce…
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
� Engagement Model & Rules of Engagement
� Baseline-driven commitment managementRequirements continuously change
Baseline established prior to negotiating commitments
� Predefined “precision level” for requirements &
specificationsProduce functional designprior to project launch
Valid inputs to project launch
Softtek’s enabling practices (2/5)
Multi-level proxy taxonomy
Timing of Commitment
3
Multi-phase engagement model
Requirements &
Conceptual Design
4
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Client’s Unawareness
1
Competition
2
Multi-level proxy taxonomy: Concept
High-level proxies:
Services
Mid-level proxies:
Functional Components
Low-level proxies:
Technical Components
PSP Proxies:
Parts & Items
+ -
Meaningful to client
Countable at proposal/bid time
Usable as a change management “baseline”
Functionality Implementation
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
PSP
PROBE
Method
Multi-level proxy taxonomy: Proxy-to-LOC
VS S M L VL
Java-WA-CRUDS-CAT 248 624 1567 3935 9884
Java-WA-CRUDS-MD 1756 2464 3459 4855 6816
Java-WA-OE 3289 5790 10192 17942 31585
Java-WA-QRY 894 1531 2619 4482 7670
Java-WA-WF 1268 2623 5426 11224 23216
Java-WA-RF 1024 1330 1727 2243 2913
Java-Lookup-CAT 11 23 47 98 206
Java-Lookup-COMP 1416 1994 2808 3955 5571
Java-Proc-Function 192 361 680 1280 2408
Java-Proc-POS 185 639 2202 7594 26185
Java-MQInterface 139 319 730 1673 3833
Java-WebService
DB2-SP-Batch 38 101 264 694 1823
Normalized Size (LOC)Functional Component TypeMid-level proxies:
Functional Components
Functional Component
Taxonomy
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Functional Component to LOC conversion table (example: Softtek Web Functional Patterns)
Technical Component to LOC conversion table (example: J2EE-Struts-JDBC)
DB2-SP-Function 56 120 258 555 1193
DB2-View 14 30 62 130 271
Tamaño (LOC) VS S M L VL
JSP 44 89 179 360 724
JS 3 12 50 208 863
DAO 53 125 294 692 1631
Form 26 56 122 266 581
Cmd 9 25 70 199 567
Bean 11 27 69 177 451
Action 14 24 39 63 102
SP 14 39 110 307 859
Low-level proxies:
Technical Components
Technical Component
Taxonomy
Softtek’s enabling practices (3/5)
Multi-level proxy taxonomy
Multi-level estimation models
Timing of Commitment
3
Multi-phase engagement model
Requirements &
Conceptual Design
4
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Client’s Unawareness
1
Competition
2Multi-level estimation models
Multi-level estimation modelsBusiness need:
Full SDLC estimation: Requirements Development � Production Release
Consistent estimates between bid development & TSP launch
Solution:Use the lowest-level proxies available, according to predefined taxonomy
Use standard proxy size classification
Normalized Services
Effort (man-hrs)
30025020015010050
45000
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
S 558.534
R-Sq 99.9%
R-Sq(adj) 99.8%
Fitted Line PlotEffort = 6577 + 134.1 Norm Services
Example: Productivity Regression Services (undisclosed platform)
High-level proxies:
Services
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Use standard proxy size classification criteria
Use Proxy-to-LOC conversion tables
Use productivity regressions to calculate overall effort and duration
Learning:Task hours are difficult to understand and negotiate with clients; used man hours
Use Proxies Consistently for Estimation and Change Management Baseline
Example: Productivity Regression LOC (undisclosed platform)
Source LOC
Effort (man-hrs)
24000022000020000018000016000014000012000010000080000
45000
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
S 7551.39
R-Sq 72.6%
R-Sq(adj) 58.9%
Fitted Line PlotEffort = 6334 + 0.1351 LOC
Mid-level proxies:
Functional Components
Low-level proxies:
Technical Components
Multi-level estimation models (Productivity Assumptions)
Productivity (LOC/mh)
Percent
24201612840
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Loc 2.073
Scale 0.4708
N 19
Lognormal
Histogram of Productivity
Example: Undisclosed Platform 2
Productivity (LOC/MH) Probability
Distribution: Lognormal in most cases
Variance factors:
Development platform/IDE
Application architecture/framework
Specification accuracy & precision
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Productivity (LOC/mh)
Frequency
14121086420
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Loc 1.576
Scale 0.4617
N 40
Lognormal
Histogram of Productivity
Example: Undisclosed Platform 1
Example: Undisclosed Platform 2
Productivity (LOC/mh)
Percent
483624120
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Shape 1.282
Scale 16.87
Thresh -0.08279
N 53
3-Parameter Weibull
Histogram of Productivity
Example: Undisclosed Platform 2 with Softtek Framework
Select Proper Tools (platform + IDE) and Application Framework.
Consider refinement of requirements & HLD in overall estimates.
Softtek’s enabling practices (4/5)
Multi-level proxy taxonomy
Multi-level estimation models
Timing of Commitment
3
Multi-phase engagement model
Requirements &
Conceptual Design
4
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Client’s Unawareness
1
Performance benchmarks
Competition
2Multi-level estimation models
Performance benchmarks
Comparison of overall project results
Full SDLC
Similar technology
Similar team composition and seniority
Similar engagement model
Effort
45000
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
S 558.534
R-Sq 99.9%
R-Sq(adj) 99.8%
Fitted Line PlotEffort = 6577 + 134.1 Norm Services
34.5% less effort
thanSofttek’s
trend
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Results:
Productivity gains up to 34.5% of total project effort
(TSP vs. Non-TSP trend)
Bottom-line: Lower Software Production Cost
Normalized Services
30025020015010050
10000
Softtek’s enabling practices (5/5)
Multi-level proxy taxonomy
Multi-level estimation models
Timing of Commitment
3
Multi-phase engagement model
Requirements &
Conceptual Design
4
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Quality commitment
Client’s Unawareness
1
Performance benchmarks
Competition
2Multi-level estimation models
Quality commitment
Need …
Executive Support to TSP Teams while executing projects
Fair comparison between vendor bids, taking into account
product quality attributes
“First Quality, Second On-time Delivery, and Third On-Budget”
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Cultural Change Management must take place also with Clients
We must never compromise quality in order to “deliver on time” or “save some hours”
Contractual commitment on “UAT Defect Density” metric
Softtek’s enabling practices
Multi-phase engagement model
Multi-level proxy taxonomy
Multi-level estimation models
Timing of Commitment
3
Requirements &
Conceptual Design
4
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Multi-level estimation models
Performance benchmarks
Quality commitment
Long-term relationships based on Credibility and Trust
Client’s Unawareness
1
Competition
2
Lessons Learned
“Partial” TSP implementation does NOT improve results
Lack of appropriate coaching
Lack of management support when delays are reported
Management Support does not mean Client Support
Requirements and functional specification quality a critical factor to support TSP implementation
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
factor to support TSP implementation
Project will not succeed if requirements are defective
TSP teams have defined input quality criteria for requirements and
specifications to external groups in order to achieve quality goals
Do not split the process phases in different groups (design,
implementation, test)
Decreased overall impact
“Hidden factory”
Future work
Refinement of estimation models
Requirements development process (combined with “agile” methods)
Awareness to clients � build CREDIBILITY and TRUST
Deliver what you promise
Be consistent
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Avoid surprises
Contact Information
Agustín De La Maza
Application Development Global Practice Manager
Softtek
Juan Valera
PSP Instructor, TSP Candidate Coach, Six-Sigma Black Belt
Softtek
SOFTTEK CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2000-2008. All rights reserved. Valores Corporativos Softtek S.A. de C.V.
Softtek
Ricardo Garza
PSP Instructor, TSP Candidate Coach, Six-Sigma Master Black Belt
Softtek