Tuesday, A[pril 15Tuesday, A[pril 15thth Warm-up – page 178Warm-up – page 178

W-U: W-U: Explain how a hurricane Explain how a hurricane forms? Where do they forms? Where do they

form? Why do they form form? Why do they form there? there?

Please have out: - beginning of class suppliesPlease have out: - beginning of class supplies

Notes: Thunderstorms Notes: Thunderstorms pg 187pg 187ThunderstormThunderstorm: a disturbance in the atmosphere : a disturbance in the atmosphere

that involves that involves lightninglightning, , thunderthunder, and sometimes , and sometimes gusty surface gusty surface windswinds with heavy with heavy rainrain and and hailhail

CumulonimbusCumulonimbus: A very large : A very large thundercloudthundercloud capable of producing large amounts of rain and capable of producing large amounts of rain and lightninglightning

Downdraft:Downdraft: wind that blows straight wind that blows straight downdown in a in a storm. Can be caused by large amounts of rainstorm. Can be caused by large amounts of rain

Thunderstorms can form at a Thunderstorms can form at a cold front cold front when the when the cool dry air cool dry air from Canada meets from Canada meets warm moist air warm moist air from the Gulf of Mexicofrom the Gulf of Mexico

How are thunderstorms How are thunderstorms formed?formed?

Tornadoes: pg 189Tornadoes: pg 189Tornado:Tornado: A violent A violent windstormwindstorm that that spiralsspirals

around a rotating column of air (the around a rotating column of air (the vortexvortex) ) and moves in a narrow path over landand moves in a narrow path over land

Waterspout:Waterspout: A tornado that forms over A tornado that forms over water water

Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF Scale):Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF Scale): The The scale scientists use to measure the scale scientists use to measure the damagedamage caused by tornadoes (EF 0 causes the caused by tornadoes (EF 0 causes the leastleast damage, EF 5 causes the damage, EF 5 causes the mostmost damage) damage)

More tornadoes occur in the month of More tornadoes occur in the month of MayMay than any other monththan any other month

Most tornadoes occur in Most tornadoes occur in “Tornado Alley.”“Tornado Alley.”

Scale

Wind speedRelative frequenc

yPotential damage

mph km/h

EF0  105–137

 

___________________________________________________ Peels surface off some roofs; some damage to gutters or

siding; branches broken off trees; shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

Confirmed tornadoes with no reported damage (i.e., those that remain in open fields) are always rated EF0.

 

EF1  138–178

 

__________________________________________________ Roofs severely stripped; mobile homes overturned or badly

damaged; loss of exterior doors; windows and other glass broken.

 

EF2  179–218

 

__________________________________________________ Roofs torn off well-constructed houses; foundations of frame

homes shifted; mobile homes completely destroyed; large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles generated; cars lifted off ground.

 

EF3  219–266

 

_________________________________________________ Entire stories of well-constructed houses destroyed; severe

damage to large buildings such as shopping malls; trains overturned; trees debarked; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown; structures with weak foundations blown away some distance.

 

EF4  267–322

  __________________________________________________ Well-constructed houses and whole frame houses completely

leveled; cars thrown and small missiles generated. 

EF5   >322  

__________________________________________________ Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept away;

steel-reinforced concrete structures critically damaged; high-rise buildings have severe structural deformation.

 

65-85

86 -

110111 -

135

136 - 165

166 -

200

>200

53.5%

31.6%

10.7%

3.4%

0.7%

<0.1%

MINOR DAMAGE

MODERATE DAMAGE

CONSIDERABLE DAMAGE

SEVERE DAMAGE

EXTREME DAMAGE

MASSIVE DAMAGE

EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013

EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013

EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013

EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013

EF5 – Moore 2013EF5 – Moore 2013

Hurricanes: pg 191Hurricanes: pg 191Hurricanes:Hurricanes: Massive Massive rotatingrotating storms that storms that

form when form when warm moist air warm moist air rises over rises over tropical tropical waterswaters. .

Eye:Eye: The The centercenter of the hurricane of of the hurricane of extreme extreme low air pressurelow air pressure

Typhoon:Typhoon: a hurricane that forms in the a hurricane that forms in the western western Pacific OceanPacific Ocean

Cyclone:Cyclone: a hurricane that forms in the a hurricane that forms in the Indian OceanIndian Ocean and off the coast of and off the coast of AustraliaAustralia

Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale: Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale: The The scale scientists use to measure the scale scientists use to measure the damagedamage caused by hurricanes (category 1 causes caused by hurricanes (category 1 causes the the leastleast damage, category 5 causes the damage, category 5 causes the mostmost damage) damage)

Hurricanes cont.Hurricanes cont.

Hurricanes spin because the Earth Hurricanes spin because the Earth rotatesrotates

Hurricanes in the northern Hurricanes in the northern hemisphere always rotate hemisphere always rotate counter-counter-clockwiseclockwise

Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean tend to move Ocean tend to move northwestnorthwest due due to to prevailing windsprevailing winds

Hurricane Sandy - 2012 Hurricane Sandy - 2012

• Hurricane SandyHurricane Sandy

Hurricane Sandy Storm Hurricane Sandy Storm SurgeSurge

Hurricane SandyHurricane Sandy

• Before and after picturesBefore and after pictures

Hurricane namesHurricane names• There are six lists of names in use for storms in

the Atlantic. These lists rotate, one each year; the list of this year's names will not be reused for six years.

• The names get recycled each time the list comes up, with one exception: storms so devastating that reusing the name is inappropriate. In this case, the name is taken off the list and another name is used to replace it; there will not be another Hurricane Andrew, because Andrew has been replace by Alex on the list.

2014 Hurricane 2014 Hurricane NamesNamesArthurBerthaCristobalDollyEdouardFayGonzaloHannaIsaiasJosephine

KyleLauraMarcoNanaOmarPauletteReneSallyTeddyVickyWilfred

Reading and NotesReading and Notes

1.1. Skim pages 20 – 24 in the green Skim pages 20 – 24 in the green catastrophic book. Add any additional catastrophic book. Add any additional information to your notes from the information to your notes from the readingreading

2.2. Process your 3 pages of notesProcess your 3 pages of notes3.3. Summarize EACH page of notes in 20 Summarize EACH page of notes in 20

words. words. 4.4. On page 186 – Create a 3 circle Venn On page 186 – Create a 3 circle Venn

Diagram. Compare and Contrast:Diagram. Compare and Contrast:– ThunderstormsThunderstorms– TornadoesTornadoes– HurricanesHurricanes

Fist to 5 closure – page 178Fist to 5 closure – page 178

• What level on the scale are you right now? What level on the scale are you right now? Explain why you chose that number. Explain why you chose that number.