Do Now: Where was Muhammad born? What was the name of Muhammad’s wife? What is a “jihad”?

•  Hadith- a collection of traditions containing sayings of the prophet Muhammad that, with accounts of his daily practice (the Sunni), constitute the major source of guidance for Muslims apart from the Koran.

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Tuesday, January 24, 17 Quiz4AReview

Quiz Review

Physical Geography

•  The Nile is the world’s longest river, originating in the highlands of Ethiopia and Uganda. 4,160 Miles long.

•  90% of the people of Egypt live close to the Nile River.

•  The Atlas Mountains are the main mountain range in North Africa.

•  The majority of the Sahara is made up of regs, stony plains covered with rocky gravel, and hamadas, flat sandstone plateaus.

•  The Sahara covers almost 75 percent of North Africa and, due to recent droughts, has been expanding.

•  The Suez Canal is an artificial waterway in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea.

Quiz Review

Judaism

•  Abraham is known as the father of Judaism. According to the Torah, their holy book, God appeared to Abraham and told him they were his chosen people. He promised to take care of Abraham and his descendants if they would be faithful to him. He told them Canaan in the Middle East would always be their land.

•  On a side note, the Torah is also the first half of the Bible, or the Christian holy book. Christians refer to this book as the Old Testament.

•  After drought and famine struck Canaan, the Jewish people moved to Egypt. At first they were well received, but after a while the Jewish people were enslaved by the Egyptians

•  The Star of David is associated with the Jewish religion.

•  Moses was raised as an Egyptian, and later found out he was actually Jewish. After figuring this out, he was commanded by God to lead his people back to Canaan. On the way, Moses stopped by Mount Sinai and received the 10 commandments from God.

Quiz Review

Christianity

•  Jesus of Nazareth was born in the year 6 B.C. and was crucified in the year 33 A.D.

•  Followers of Jesus are known as Christians. The holy book for Christians is called the Bible. Clergy are called priests, ministers, pastors, cardinals, etc.

•  Unlike the Romans who were polytheistic, Jews and Christians are Monotheistic which means they believe there is only one God.

•  The primary reason why Romans disliked the Christians was because they did not see the Roman Emperor as more important than God.

•  Christianity is the world’s largest religion as of 2017.

Quiz Review

Islam

Muhammad is the prophet/founder of Islam. Islam is the world’s 2nd largest religion and will soon become #1 due to aggressive converting in many Middle Eastern countries.

The basic teachings of Islam include the Five Pillars •  Faith (Shahadah): There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger

of Allah •  Prayer (Salah): Pray 5 times a day towards Makkah •  Alms (Zakah): Give alms (money for the poor) •  Fasting (Sawm): During holy month of Ramadan, Muslims fast between dawn

and sunset •  Pilgrimage (Hajj): Must visit Makkah at one point in lifetime if capable.

The two main branches of Islam are Sunni and Shia.

Quiz Review

Arid- Having little or no rain; too dry or barren to support vegetation.

Oasis- Is an area in a desert where underground water allows plants to grow throughout the year

Hajj- In Islam, the yearly pilgrimage to Makkah that Muslims must make at least once in a lifetime

Prophet- A person regarded as an inspired teacher or proclaimer of the will of God

Alluvial Soil- A fertile soil deposited by water flowing over flood plains or in river beds

Gorge- A narrow valley between hills or mountains, typically with steep rocky walls and a stream running through it.

Wadis- A valley, ravine, or channel that is dry except in the rainy season.

Monotheism- The belief in just one God

Arab Spring- A series of anti-government uprisings in various countries in North Africa and the Middle East

Sunni/Shia- The two main branches of Islam

Scripture- the sacred writings of Christianity contained in the Bible.

Almsgiving- in religious contexts it is the practice of giving money or food to poor people.

Parable- a short story designed to illustrate or teach some truth, religious principle, or moral lesson.