Tugas Paper Akuntansi Keuangan Menengah 1

Chapter 1 Financial Reporting

1. Accounting and Financial ReportingLaporan keuangan perusahaan secara umum bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai kondisi keuangan suatu perusahaan kepada pihak yang membutuhkan informasi . Pihak-pihak itu terbagi atas pihak internal dan pihak eksternal.

Laporan keuangan dalam akuntansi terbagi atas management acoounting dan financial accounting.

Incentives bertujuan memberikan informasi agar mampu mendukung pengambilan keputusan manajemen

Financial reporting secara urutan terbagi atas:a. Income Statementb. Statement of Owner’s Equityc. Balance Sheetd. Cash Flow Statemente. Notes to Financial Statement

2. Development of Accounting Standards

Committee on Accounting Procedure (CAP) on 1939-1959Accounting Principles Board (APB) on 1959-1973Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) on 1973 until now.

3. Other Organization Important to Financial Reporting

Securities and Exchange Commission American Institute of Certified Public AccountantsAmerican Accounting Association

International Differences between GAAP and IFRS

Objectives of Financial Reporting:a. Usefulness

b. Understandability

c. Target Audience: investors and Creditors

d. Assessing future Cash Flow

e. Evaluating economic resources

f. Primary focus on Earnings

Qualitative Characteristics of Accounting Informationa. Benefits greater than costb. Relevancec. Comparabilityd. Materialitye. How About prinsip konservatif dalam akuntansi?

Elements of Financial Statements

Recognition, Measurement, and Reportinga. Recognition Criteriab. Measurementc. Reporting

Traditional Assumptions (Asusmsi Zaman Dahulu) tentang model akuntansi.

4. Karier dalam Akuntansi

Public AccountingCorporate AccountingUser (Analyst, Banker, Consultant)

Chapter 2 A Review Of The Accounting Cycle

Secara garis besar proses dalam akuntansi terbagi dalam dua proses besar yaitu recording phase and reporting phase

a. Recording Phase: Business document analyzed, record transactions, posted transactionsb. Reporting Phase: trial balance sampe cucu cucunya (post closing trial balances)

1. Recording PhaseDouble-Entry AccountingAnalyzing Business Doucument

Chapter 3 The Balance Sheet and Notes to The Financial Statements

Definitions of Assets, Liabilities, Owner EquityAssets (current, fixed, intangible)Liabilities (current dan noncurrent/long term)Owners Equity

Format Balance Sheet

Balance Sheet Analysis- Relationship between Balance sheet amount

o Current Ratioo Quick Ratio o Assets Mix

- Relationship between balance sheet and income statement amountso Efficiency Asset turnovero Overall Prifitability ROA ROE

Chapter 4 Income Statement

Chapter 5 Statement of Cash Flows and Articulation

Tujuan Cash Flow Statement pada intinya adalah untuk mengetahui arus kas yang terjadi dalam satu jangka waktu tertentu. Dengan kata lain, Cash Flow Statement pada intinya mencatat semua transaksi yang langsung berkaitan dengan uang tunai atau kas. Secara umum, di dalam Cash Flow Statement ada tiga macam arus kas yang dicatat, antara lain:a. Cash Flow from Operating Activities

b. Cash Flow from Investing Activities

c. Cash Flow from Financing Activities

Dari segi pencatatan,