ABB Power T&D Company Inc.Relay DivisionCoral Springs, FL 33065

Instruction Leaflet

All possible contingencies which may arise during installation, operation or maintenance, and all details andvariations of this equipment do not purport to be covered by these instructions. If further information is desiredby purchaser regarding this particular installation, operation or maintenance of this equipment, the local ABBPower T&D Company Inc. representative should be contacted.

Effective: May 1997

( | ) Denotes Change Since Previous Issue

Printed in U.S.A.

Before putting protection relays into service,remove all blocking which may have beeninserted for the purpose of securing the partsduring shipment. Make sure that all movingparts operate freely. Inspect the contacts tosee that they are clean and can close prop-erly. Operate the relay to check the settingsand electrical connections.

1. APPLICATION

The COQ is used to prevent a synchronous machinefrom being damaged due to negative sequence faultcurrents. Two varieties are available, as shown inFigures 2 and 3, depending upon whether the neutralcan be formed at the COQ or whether the neutralmust be formed elsewhere. (See external schematic,Figures 8 and 9.)

2. CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION

The COQ consists of an induction disc overcurrentunit, a negative sequence filter, and an indicatingcontactor switch (ICS).

2.1. Overcurrent Unit

This is an induction-disc type unit operated by nega-tive sequence quantities supplied to an electromag-net in the rear of the relay. A voltage is induced in thesecondary coil of this electromagnet by transformeraction of the main coil. Both coils are located on thecenter leg of the electromagnet. Current flow is fromthe secondary coil to coils on the outer legs of the

! CAUTION

Supersedes I.L. 41-161H Dated July 1984

Type COQNegative Sequence Generator Relay

(50/60 Hertz)

electromagnet. The reaction between the outer legcoil fluxes and the main coil flux creates an operatingtorque on a spiral shaped aluminum disc mounted ona vertical shaft.

2.2. Indicating Contactor Switch Unit (ICS)

The dc indicating contactor switch is a small clappertype device. A magnetic armature, to which leaf-spring mounted contacts are attached, is attracted tothe magnetic core upon energization of the switch.When the switch closes, the moving contacts bridgetwo stationary contacts, completing the trip circuit.Also during this operation two fingers on the arma-ture deflect a spring located on the front of theswitch, which allows the operation indicator target todrop. The target is reset from the outside of the caseby a push rod located at the bottom of the cover.

The front spring, in addition to holding the target, pro-vides restraint for the armature and thus controls thepickup value of the switch.

3. CHARACTERISTICS

3.1. Overcurrent Unit

The COQ negative sequence relay is available withthe following negative sequence current taps:

3 3.25 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.0

These tap values represent the current transformersecondary amperes which correspond to one per unitgenerator current. At these values of negativesequence current, the moving contact will leave thetime dial stop and reach the stationary contacts in atime as determined by the time dial setting and is asshown by Figure 7. For example, with a time dial

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I.L. 41-161J

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setting of “4” the relay will close its contacts in 30seconds with the above tap currents applied to therelay.

As shown by the curves of Figure 5, the relay’s char-acteristic is defined by a generator characteristicI22T = K. The relay characteristic is such that it coin-cides with the generator characteristic at 1 per unitnegative sequence current but at higher values ofnegative sequence current, the relay characteristic issubstantially parallel and slightly less than the gener-ator characteristic. In this manner, a suitable marginof safety is obtained between the two characteristics.

Figure 5 defines the relay characteristics for two gen-erators – one with a permissible constant of “30” andthe other with a constant of “90”. The time dial set-tings for these constants are “4” and “11” respec-tively. Similar protection for other generators withI22T constants between “30” and “90” is obtained bysettings of the time dial. Figure 4 shows the neces-sary time dial settings for various I22T constants. Byreferring to this figure, the time dial can be set so therelay protects different generators whose I22T con-stants range from “30” to “90”.

Figure 6 demonstrates the use of a tap setting lowerthan the full load current of the machine to accommo-date I22T limits from 5 to 10 while still providing wide

contact spacing. For this figure a tap setting of 3 isused with a machine full load current of 4.

Typical time-current curves of the relay are shown inFigure 7. Minimum pickup is approximately 0.6 of thetap value current. See Table 1 for burdens and termi-nal ratings.

3.2. Trip Circuit

The main contacts will safely close 30 amperes at250 volts dc and the seal-in contacts of the indicatingcontactor switch will safely carry this current longenough to trip a circuit breaker.

The indicating contactor switch has two taps that pro-vide a pickup setting of 0.2 or 2 amperes. To changetaps requires connecting the lead located in front ofthe tap block to the desired settings by means of ascrew connection.

3.3. Indicating Contactor Switch (ICS)

0.2 ampere tap 6.5 ohms dc resistance2.0 ampere tap 0.15 ohms dc resistance

4. SETTING CALCULATIONS

Determine from the machine manufacturer the per-missible I22T constant. From Figure 4, find therequired time dial setting.

TABLE 1Typical Overcurrent Unit Burden And Thermal Rating

Input Continuous One Second Watts at Volt Amps Circuit ImpedanceCondition Phase Rating Amps Rating Amps 5 Amps At 5 Amps Z ∠θ (R+jX)

Three A 5 100 8.3 8.3 0.33 ∠0° (0.33+j 0.00)Phase B 5 100 1.3 3.8 0.15 ∠110° (-0.05+j 0.14)

C 5 100 2.9 4.7 0.19 ∠52° (0.11+j 0.15)

PHASE-TO-PHASE FAULT CONDITION

Phase A-B 5 100 6.1 6.5 0.26 ∠−161.7° (-0.24-j 0.08)To B-C 5 100 3.4 8.0 0.32 ∠65° (0.13+j 0.29)

Phase C-A 5 100 10.2 11.5 0.46 ∠−152° (-0.41-j 0.22)

PHASE-TO-NEUTRAL FAULT CONDITION

Phase A-N 5 100 5.1 5.2 0.21 ∠8.70° (0.20+j 0.03)To B-N 5 100 3.5 3.8 0.51 ∠24.3° (0.14+j 0.06)

Neutral C-N 5 100 4.8 5.5 0.22 ∠29.0° (0.19+j 0.11)

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5.1. Overcurrent Unit

Insert the tap screw in the appropriate tap deter-mined under Section 4 “Setting Calculations”.

Adjust the time dial setting to the value determinedunder Section 4 “Setting Calculations”.

5.2. Indicating Contactor Switch (ICS)

Select the 0.2 or the 2.0 ampere tap setting depend-ing upon the type of device being operated by therelay. This selection is made by connecting the leadlocated in front of the tap block to the desired tap.

6. INSTALLATION

The relays should be mounted on switchboard pan-els or their equivalent in a location free from dirt,moisture, excessive vibration, and heat. Mount therelay vertically by means of the four mounting holeson the flange for semi-flush mounting or by means ofthe rear mounting stud or studs for projection mount-ing. Either a mounting stud or the mounting screwsmay be utilized for grounding the relay. The electricalconnections may be made directly to the terminals bymeans of screws for steel panel mounting or to theterminal studs furnished with the relay for thick panelmounting. The terminal studs may be easily removedor inserted by locking two nuts on the stud and thenturning the proper nut with a wrench.

For detailed FT case information refer to I.L. 41-076.

7. ADJUSTMENTS AND MAINTENANCE

The proper adjustments to insure correct operation ofthis relay have been made at the factory and shouldnot require readjustment after receipt by the cus-tomer. If the adjustments have been changed or therelay taken apart for repairs, the instructions belowshould be followed.

7.1. Acceptance Tests

The following tests are recommended when the relayis received from the factory. If the relay does not per-form as specified below, the relay either is not cali-brated or it contains a defect.

Apply approximately 5 amperes, 3 phase positivesequences current on 3 amp tap and see that relaydoes not operate.

Set relay at #11 time dial and jumper terminals 2, 6and 8. Set tap 3 and apply 26.0 amperes through ter-

minals 3 and 7. (See Figure 10.) (IA = 26 ∠0° andIB = 26 ∠180° amperes. Therefore negativesequence = 15 amps.)

Time of operation with relay in the case should be3.2 seconds ±8%.

Repeat test with relay on 5.0 tap and 43.3 amperesthrough terminals 7 and 9. Time of operation shouldbe 3.2 seconds ±8%. (Neg. Seq. = 25 amperes.)

7.2. Routine Maintenance

All relays should be inspected periodically and thetime of operation should be checked at such timeintervals as may be dictated by experience to besuitable to the particular application. Phantom loadsshould not be used in testing induction-type relaysbecause of the resulting distorted current waveform which produces an error in timing.

All contacts should be cleaned periodically. A con-tact burnisher S#182A836H01 is recommended forthis purpose. The use of abrasive material forcleaning contacts is not recommended, because ofthe danger of embedding small particles in the faceof the soft silver and thus impairing the contact.

7.2.1. Overcurrent Unit

Apply a single phase current of 8.66 times tap value(5 per unit negative sequence current) and checkthat time of operation is in accordance with Figure7.

7.2.2. Indicating Contactor Switch (ICS)

Close the main relay contacts and pass sufficient dccurrent through the trip circuit to close the contactsof the ICS. This value of current should not begreater than the particular ICS tap setting beingused. The indicator target should drop freely.

7.3. Calibration

If the factory calibration has been disturbed, the fol-lowing procedure should be followed to calibratethe relay.

7.3.1. Filter

To adjust the filter resistor tap for no response topositive-sequence current, remove relay from caseand proceed as follows:

a. Jumper switch jaws 2 and 6.

b. Remove overcurrent unit tap screw.

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c. Pass 10 amperes into switch jaw 3 and outswitch jaw 7.

d. With a 0-15 volt, Rectox type voltmeter, measureand record voltage between switch jaw 3 and thetap plate.

e. Now measure the voltage across the resistor.Adjust top filter resistor position until this voltageis 1.73 times the reading from (d) above. Forrelays wired per Figure 2 connect the voltmeterto switch jaw 3 and to the top filter resistor screwconnection (see Figure 1). For relays wired perFigure 3 connect voltmeter across switch jaws 2and 3.

To eliminate zero sequence response (relays wiredper Figure 2 only), remove tap screw, and connectper Figure 10: Apply IX = 5 amperes; IY = 10amperes. Measure voltage from terminal 3 to topfilter resistor screw connection (see Figure 1). Adjustthe neutral filter resistor tap until measured voltage iszero.

7.3.2. Overcurrent Unit

Turn time dial until stationary contact is deflected

against the backstop. Adjust, if necessary, so that “0”mark on time dial coincides with index. Then withtime dial at “0” wind up spring until about 5-1/2 con-volutions show. From this preliminary setting, andusing 3 tap and time dial setting of “11”, adjust thepermanent magnet until the relay operates in 8.2seconds with 15.6 amperes single phase or 3 perunit through terminals 3 and 7 per Figure 10. Thisadjustment is made by means of the damping mag-net screw.

Next adjust the spring tension until the relay willclose contacts in 90 seconds with 5.2 amperes singlephase (which is tap value or one per unit negativesequence current) applied through terminals 3 and 7.This adjustment is made by means of the spiralspring adjuster. All spring convolutions must be free.

8. RENEWAL PARTS

Repair work can be done most satisfactorily at thefactory. However, interchangeable parts can be fur-nished to the customers who are equipped for doingrepair work. When ordering parts, always give thecomplete nameplate data.