Types of AlcoholTypes of Alcohol

BEER BEER WINE WINE LIQUOR/ SPIRITSLIQUOR/ SPIRITS

Standard DrinkStandard Drink 12 fl oz of regular beer 12 fl oz of regular beer

about 5% alcohol about 5% alcohol 8–9 fl oz of malt liquor8–9 fl oz of malt liquor

about 7% alcohol about 7% alcohol 5 fl oz of table wine 5 fl oz of table wine

about 12% alcohol about 12% alcohol 1.5 fl oz shot of 80-proof spirits 1.5 fl oz shot of 80-proof spirits

(“hard liquor”— whiskey, gin, rum, (“hard liquor”— whiskey, gin, rum, vodka, tequila, etc.) vodka, tequila, etc.)

about 40% alcohol about 40% alcohol

The percent of “pure” alcohol, The percent of “pure” alcohol, expressed here as alcohol by volume expressed here as alcohol by volume (alc/vol), varies by beverage.(alc/vol), varies by beverage.

AlcoholAlcohol

A drug that is produced by a chemical A drug that is produced by a chemical reaction in some foods and has powerful reaction in some foods and has powerful effects on the bodyeffects on the body

It is a central nervous system depressant It is a central nervous system depressant that is rapidly absorbed from the stomach that is rapidly absorbed from the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream.and small intestine into the bloodstream.

Drunk/IntoxicatedDrunk/Intoxicated

Same thing as a drug overdose.Same thing as a drug overdose. This is what happens to your body when This is what happens to your body when

you drink too much alcoholyou drink too much alcohol

AlcoholicAlcoholic

Is the person that is addicted to alcoholIs the person that is addicted to alcohol

ToleranceTolerance

When your body gets used to the alcoholWhen your body gets used to the alcohol It takes more alcohol to receive the It takes more alcohol to receive the

desired “feeling.”desired “feeling.” Instead 1 beer to get the desire feeling it Instead 1 beer to get the desire feeling it

will take 2, 3, 4, and so on…will take 2, 3, 4, and so on…

DepressantDepressant

A type of drug that slows down your A type of drug that slows down your body’s functionsbody’s functions

Alcohol is a depressantAlcohol is a depressant It slows down reaction time, slurs your It slows down reaction time, slurs your

speech, can’t walk straight, etc…speech, can’t walk straight, etc…

CirrhosisCirrhosis

A liver disease A liver disease caused by caused by alcohol abusealcohol abuse

Cirrhosis is Cirrhosis is scaring and scaring and destruction of destruction of liver tissueliver tissue

Mickey Mantle Mickey Mantle died of cirrhosisdied of cirrhosis

AlcoholismAlcoholism

The disease an alcoholic suffers fromThe disease an alcoholic suffers from There is no cure for AlcoholismThere is no cure for Alcoholism There is treatment but once somebody is an There is treatment but once somebody is an

alcoholic they are always an alcoholic.alcoholic they are always an alcoholic.• Why????Why????

Genetic links have been made to Genetic links have been made to alcoholism…what does that mean?alcoholism…what does that mean?

BACBAC

Blood Alcohol Concentration (or Content) Blood Alcohol Concentration (or Content) is the amount of alcohol in a person’s is the amount of alcohol in a person’s blood.blood.

There are three ways to test your BAC:There are three ways to test your BAC: Blood testBlood test Urine TestUrine Test Breathe TestBreathe Test

.08 .08 and over is considered illegal.and over is considered illegal.

HangoverHangover

Symptoms of drinking too much alcohol:Symptoms of drinking too much alcohol: DehydrationDehydration NauseaNausea

Your body is punishing you just like you Your body is punishing you just like you punished it the night before punished it the night before

Fetal Alcohol SyndromeFetal Alcohol Syndrome

Occurs when a woman is pregnant and she Occurs when a woman is pregnant and she abuses alcohol.abuses alcohol. It may cause permanent damage to the baby:It may cause permanent damage to the baby:

• Causes birth defectsCauses birth defects

• Learning disabilitiesLearning disabilities

• Emotional disabilities Emotional disabilities

• Low birth weightLow birth weight

• Behavior problemsBehavior problems

Alcohol BreakdownAlcohol Breakdown The breakdown, or The breakdown, or oxidationoxidation, of ethanol , of ethanol

occurs in the occurs in the liverliver.. The The kidney eliminates 5 percent of alcohol in the urine. eliminates 5 percent of alcohol in the urine. The The lungs exhale 5 percent of alcohol, which can be detected by exhale 5 percent of alcohol, which can be detected by

breathalyzer devices.. The The liverliver chemically breaks down the remaining alcohol into chemically breaks down the remaining alcohol into

acetic acid.acetic acid.

As a rule of thumb, an average person can eliminate As a rule of thumb, an average person can eliminate 0.5 oz (15 ml) of alcohol per hour. 0.5 oz (15 ml) of alcohol per hour.

StatisticsStatistics

CDC Stats from 2011: 12 to 20 year olds drink 11% of all alcohol

consumed in the United States More than 90% of this alcohol is consumed in the

form of binge drinks. On average, underage drinkers consume more

drinks per drinking occasion than adult drinkers. In 2010, there were approximately 189,000

emergency rooms visits by persons under age 21 for injuries and other conditions linked to alcohol.

Drinking Levels among Youth (12-20 year olds)

39% drank some amount of alcohol. 22% binge drank. 8% drove after drinking alcohol. 24% rode with a driver who had been

drinking alcohol.

Other surveys via CDCOther surveys via CDC

In 2011 the National Survey on Drug Use and Health reported that 25% of youth aged 12 to 20 years drink alcohol and 16% reported binge drinking.

In 2011, the Monitoring the Future Survey reported that 33% of 8th graders and 70% of 12th graders had tried alcohol, and 13% of 8th graders and 40% of 12th graders drank during the past month.

When is a Driver Considered to When is a Driver Considered to be Legally Drunk in Georgia?be Legally Drunk in Georgia?

Non-commercial (standard cars, trucks, and SUV’s) Non-commercial (standard cars, trucks, and SUV’s) drivers age 21+ are considered legally drunk when their drivers age 21+ are considered legally drunk when their blood alcohol level is .08 or more.blood alcohol level is .08 or more.

Drivers of commercial vehicles (semi trucks) are legally Drivers of commercial vehicles (semi trucks) are legally drunk when their blood alcohol level is .04 percent or drunk when their blood alcohol level is .04 percent or greater. greater. In Georgia, school bus drivers are commercial drivers.In Georgia, school bus drivers are commercial drivers.

Drivers under 21 are legally drunk when their blood Drivers under 21 are legally drunk when their blood alcohol level is .02 or more.alcohol level is .02 or more.

Penalties for Drunk Driving in Penalties for Drunk Driving in GeorgiaGeorgia

First-time offenders:First-time offenders: Face a term of imprisonment of 10 days to 12 Face a term of imprisonment of 10 days to 12

months. months. They must also pay a fine ranging from $300 They must also pay a fine ranging from $300

to $1,000. to $1,000. At least 40 hours of community service work At least 40 hours of community service work Complete a DUI program. Complete a DUI program. Driver’s license is revoked for12 months. Driver’s license is revoked for12 months.

• At the end of 120 days, the offender may apply for At the end of 120 days, the offender may apply for reinstatement.reinstatement.

Myths About Sobering UpMyths About Sobering Up

Drinking black coffee will sober you upDrinking black coffee will sober you up

Taking a cold bath will sober you upTaking a cold bath will sober you up

Sleeping it off will sober you upSleeping it off will sober you up

Walking it off will sober you upWalking it off will sober you up

Effects on the BodyEffects on the Body

HeartHeart

Heavy drinking canHeavy drinking can Damage heart tissueDamage heart tissue Produce an irregular heartbeatProduce an irregular heartbeat Increase the risk of strokeIncrease the risk of stroke

Small amounts of alcohol can reduce the risk Small amounts of alcohol can reduce the risk of heart diseaseof heart disease• BUT doctors DO NOT recommend that BUT doctors DO NOT recommend that

nondrinkers start drinking to reduce their risk nondrinkers start drinking to reduce their risk

LiverLiver

The liver helps break down food The liver helps break down food during digestion and process waste during digestion and process waste so it can be excreted from the body. so it can be excreted from the body.

Heavy drinking is associated with Heavy drinking is associated with liver damage. liver damage. The liver is the main organ where The liver is the main organ where

alcohol is metabolized, or broken down, alcohol is metabolized, or broken down, into different chemicals that can be into different chemicals that can be passed out of the body.passed out of the body.

Digestive SystemDigestive System

Heavy drinking can stop the Heavy drinking can stop the esophagus from contracting and esophagus from contracting and helping move food to the helping move food to the stomach.stomach. This allows stomach acids to back This allows stomach acids to back

up into the esophagus. up into the esophagus. • Can progress to esophageal cancer. Can progress to esophageal cancer. • Can lead to cancer in other parts, Can lead to cancer in other parts,

including the mouth, throat, breast, including the mouth, throat, breast, colon, and rectum. colon, and rectum.

HormonesHormones Hormones are chemical messengers in Hormones are chemical messengers in

the body that coordinate the functions of the body that coordinate the functions of tissues and organs. tissues and organs.

Can impair the functions of both the Can impair the functions of both the glands that release hormones and the glands that release hormones and the tissues that respond to them. tissues that respond to them. These effects can lead to problems regulating These effects can lead to problems regulating

blood sugar, infertility, and osteoporosis.blood sugar, infertility, and osteoporosis.

SleepSleep

Alcohol interferes with the normal sleep Alcohol interferes with the normal sleep patternpattern May leave the person feeling tired and un-May leave the person feeling tired and un-

refreshed upon awakening. refreshed upon awakening.

Every 15 minutes….Every 15 minutes….Someone dies from an alcohol related Someone dies from an alcohol related

accident!accident!

Fact or Myth??Fact or Myth??

Alcohol is a stimulant: Alcohol is a stimulant: MYTHMYTH

Alcohol is actually a depressant. Alcohol is actually a depressant. It can appear to be a stimulant because it It can appear to be a stimulant because it

initially depresses the part of the brain that initially depresses the part of the brain that controls inhibitions.controls inhibitions.

Caffeine will sober you up: Caffeine will sober you up: MYTHMYTH

Caffeine will not help an individual become Caffeine will not help an individual become sober more quickly. sober more quickly. Factors that influence a person’s BAC:Factors that influence a person’s BAC:

• the amount of alcohol consumedthe amount of alcohol consumed• the pattern of drinkingthe pattern of drinking• body weightbody weight• GenderGender

Only time will reduce the BAC as the body breaks down Only time will reduce the BAC as the body breaks down the alcohol.the alcohol.

Food will keep you from becoming Food will keep you from becoming intoxicated: intoxicated:

MYTHMYTH

Food in the stomach causes alcohol to be Food in the stomach causes alcohol to be absorbed more slowly than when the absorbed more slowly than when the stomach is empty. stomach is empty.

Food can delay the effects of alcohol, but Food can delay the effects of alcohol, but it it cannot eliminatecannot eliminate them. them.

Alcohol-related car crashes are all Alcohol-related car crashes are all caused by drunk drivers: caused by drunk drivers:

MYTHMYTH Most alcohol related car Most alcohol related car

crashes are caused by crashes are caused by drivers with BACs over the drivers with BACs over the legal limit. legal limit.

However, drivers with BACs However, drivers with BACs less than the legal limit also less than the legal limit also have crash rates higher than have crash rates higher than nondrinkers. nondrinkers.

Also, BACs below the legal Also, BACs below the legal limit produce impairments.limit produce impairments.

Alcoholism is a disease: Alcoholism is a disease: FACTFACT

Alcoholism is a chronic disease involving Alcoholism is a chronic disease involving strong craving for alcoholstrong craving for alcohol a constant or periodic reliance on use of alcohol a constant or periodic reliance on use of alcohol

despite adverse consequencesdespite adverse consequences the inability to limit drinkingthe inability to limit drinking physical illness when drinking is stoppedphysical illness when drinking is stopped the need for increasing amounts of alcohol in order to the need for increasing amounts of alcohol in order to

feel its effects.feel its effects.

Alcohol abuse or alcoholism will Alcohol abuse or alcoholism will never be my problem: BOTHnever be my problem: BOTH

Many factors influence whether a person Many factors influence whether a person uses alcohol, abuses alcohol, or becomes uses alcohol, abuses alcohol, or becomes an alcoholic:an alcoholic: Some factors are geneticSome factors are genetic Many others are environmental (who you’re Many others are environmental (who you’re

around)around) The primary factor is PERSONAL CHOICEThe primary factor is PERSONAL CHOICE

Nothing can be done about alcohol Nothing can be done about alcohol abuse or alcoholism: MYTHabuse or alcoholism: MYTH

Alcohol abuse and alcoholism can be Alcohol abuse and alcoholism can be treated effectively using medications and treated effectively using medications and psychological (behavioral) therapies.psychological (behavioral) therapies.

Currently, there is no cure for alcoholism.Currently, there is no cure for alcoholism.