Types of Bonds Notes Bonds are what hold elements together in a

compound

Types of Bonds:IonicCovalentMetallic

Ionic Bonds

Formed between Ions charged atoms.Ions are formed when one element gives up e-

(therefore it becomes positive), and the other element receives the e- (thus becoming negatively charged).

For an ionic bond to exist, you must have a (+) charged ion and a (-) charged ion.

An ionic bond is actually an attraction of opposite charges (like a magnet).

Ionic Bonds (cont)When an ionic bond forms between ions, the

compound is electrically neutral or in other words, the charges add up to be zero.

When an ionic bond is formed the compound is called an ionic compound.

Ionic bonds typically form between metals and nonmetals.

Covalent BondsForms between uncharged atoms. So ask

yourself how do they bond?They bond by sharing e-Typically form between nonmetals.Non-metals will share electrons in such a way

as to create a noble gas configuration for each atom (achieve octet). All atoms (except H and He) want to have 8 valence e-

Covalent Bonds

Metallic BondsMetallic bonds are formed between 2 or more

metalsIn metallic bonding, electrons become delocalized

from the atoms and form an “electron sea”This sea of electrons explains many physical

properties of metals, such as strength, malleability, ductility, and thermal and electric conductivity (among others).

Mixtures of metals exhibit metallic bonding. A mixture of metal is called an alloy.

Metallic BondsSome common alloys

Predicting the Type of BondPredicting the type of bond is easy if you can

identify metals and non-metalsMetals are mostly found on the left side of the

periodic table and they tend to lose their valence e- easily.

Non-Metals are found on the right side of the periodic table and they tend to gain valence e- easily.

Predicting the Type of BondA compound formed between a metal and a

non-metal will usually be ionic.

Bonds between non-metals tend to be covalent.

Bonds involving only metals show metallic bonding

ReviewIonic Bond

Giving up and accepting e- that causes elements to become ions.

Bond formed by attraction of oppositely charged ions.

Covalent BondThe sharing of e- between non-metalsAll atoms involved achieve octet

Metallic BondThe formation of an “electron sea” between metalsElectrons are delocalized